Switching circuit and motor

Abstract

The utility model proposes a switching circuit and a motor, and relates to the technical field of motor control, and the switching circuit comprises an adjusting circuit, the adjusting circuit comprises an adjusting element, one side of the adjusting element is provided with a first switching element, and when the adjusting element rotates or slides to a 0-gear position, the first switching element is driven to be disconnected; the number of the motor ends is multiple, the multiple motor ends are used for being connected with a first power supply end of a motor and a second power supply end of the motor respectively, and the first power supply end of the motor is connected with the second end of the first switch element; the input end of the power supply circuit is used for being connected with commercial power, and the first output end of the power supply circuit is connected with the first end of the first switch element. According to the technical scheme, when the adjusting element rotates or slides to the 0-gear position, the first switch element is switched off, so that the connection between the first power supply end of the motor and the mains supply is cut off, the strong current connection state is cut off, and the use safety of a user is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of motor control, and particularly to a switching circuit and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of motor design, as a key component of a motor, a knob is used to control the operating gear of the motor and is a traditional method that has been widely used. However, there is an obvious potential safety hazard in this design. When the knob is turned to the 0 gear, the strong electricity remains connected, which means the motor is not completely powered off. In this state, once a motor failure or misoperation occurs, the current may continue to flow, leading to an electric shock accident and causing serious physical harm to the operator. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a switching circuit, aiming to solve the technical problem that when the knob is turned to the 0 gear, the strong electricity remains connected, which is likely to cause an electric shock accident.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a switching circuit, which includes:

[0005] An adjustment circuit, the adjustment circuit includes an adjustment element, and a first switching element is provided on one side of the adjustment element. When the adjustment element rotates or slides to the 0 gear position, the first switching element is driven to disconnect;

[0006] Motor terminals, there are multiple motor terminals, and the multiple motor terminals are respectively used to connect to the first power supply terminal and the second power supply terminal of the motor. The first power supply terminal of the motor is connected to the second end of the first switching element;

[0007] A power supply circuit, the input end of the power supply circuit is used to connect to the mains power, and the first output end of the power supply circuit is connected to the first end of the first switching element.

[0008] In an embodiment, the power supply circuit includes:

[0009] An AC input circuit, the output end of the AC input circuit is connected to the first end of the first switching element, and the AC input circuit is used to connect to the mains power;

[0010] A rectification circuit, the input end of the rectification circuit is connected to the output end of the AC input circuit, and the rectification circuit is used to rectify the mains power into a first DC voltage;

[0011] A buck circuit, the input end of the buck circuit is connected to the output end of the rectification circuit, and the output end of the buck circuit is used to connect to a second DC voltage. The buck circuit is used to reduce the first DC voltage to the second DC voltage;

[0012] A motor switch circuit, wherein an input end of the motor switch circuit is connected to an output end of the AC input circuit, and an output end of the motor switch circuit is connected to a second power supply end of the motor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the AC input circuit includes:

[0014] A fuse, a first end of the fuse is connected to a live wire;

[0015] A first resistor, a second resistor is connected between a first end of the first resistor and a second end of the fuse, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to a neutral wire;

[0016] The motor switch circuit includes:

[0017] A second switching element, a first conducting end of the second switching element is connected to the neutral wire, and a second conducting end of the second switching element is connected to the second power supply end of the motor;

[0018] A third resistor, a second end of the third resistor is connected to a control end of the second switching element.

[0019] In one embodiment, the rectifying circuit includes:

[0020] A fourth resistor, a first capacitor is connected between a first end of the fourth resistor and a second end of the fuse;

[0021] A first diode, a positive electrode of the first diode is connected to a second end of the fourth resistor, and a negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the neutral wire;

[0022] A second diode, a negative electrode of the second diode is connected to a second end of the fourth resistor, a second capacitor is connected between a positive electrode of the second diode and a negative electrode of the first diode, and a fifth resistor is connected between a positive electrode of the second diode and the ground;

[0023] The bucking circuit includes:

[0024] A sixth resistor, a first end of the sixth resistor is connected to a negative electrode of the first diode, a second end of the sixth resistor is grounded, a third diode is connected in parallel across both ends of the sixth resistor, and at least one or more capacitors are connected in parallel across both ends of the sixth resistor.

[0025] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0026] A detection circuit, the detection circuit is used for detecting a zero-crossing signal and a rotation signal of the motor;

[0027] A control circuit, wherein a first input end of the control circuit is connected to an output end of the detection circuit, and a second input end of the control circuit is connected to an output end of the adjustment circuit.

[0028] In one embodiment, the adjustment circuit includes:

[0029] An adjustment element, wherein a second fixed end of the adjustment element is grounded, and a third capacitor is connected between an adjustment end of the adjustment element and the ground;

[0030] A seventh resistor, wherein a second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the adjustment end of the adjustment element, and a first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second input end of the control circuit.

[0031] In one embodiment, the detection circuit includes:

[0032] A rotational speed detection circuit, wherein an output end of the rotational speed detection circuit is connected to the first input end of the control circuit, and the rotational speed detection circuit is used for detecting the rotational speed of the motor;

[0033] The rotational speed detection circuit includes:

[0034] A rotational speed sensor, wherein a second end of the rotational speed sensor is grounded, and an eighth resistor is connected between a first end and a third end of the rotational speed sensor;

[0035] A ninth resistor, wherein a first end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first input end of the control circuit, and a second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first end of the rotational speed sensor.

[0036] In one embodiment, the detection circuit includes:

[0037] A zero-crossing detection circuit, wherein an input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit is connected to an output end of the power supply circuit, and an output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit is connected to a third input end of the control circuit, and the zero-crossing detection circuit is used for detecting a zero-crossing signal of the power supply circuit;

[0038] A gear position detection circuit, wherein an input end of the gear position detection circuit is connected to a second end of the first switching element, and an output end of the gear position detection circuit is connected to a fourth input end of the control circuit, and the gear position detection circuit is used for detecting an on / off state of the first switching element.

[0039] In one embodiment, the zero-crossing detection circuit includes:

[0040] A third switching element, wherein a tenth resistor is connected between a control end of the third switching element and a first output end of the power supply circuit, an eleventh resistor is connected between the control end and a second conducting end of the third switching element, and the second conducting end of the third switching element is grounded;

[0041] The gear position detection circuit includes:

[0042] A twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor is connected between the second end of the twelfth resistor and the first power supply terminal of the motor, and a fourteenth resistor is connected between the first end of the twelfth resistor and the fourth input terminal of the control circuit;

[0043] A fourth diode, a fifth diode is connected between the negative electrode of the fourth diode and the ground, the common node of the fourth diode and the fifth diode is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control circuit, and a fifteenth resistor is connected between the common node of the twelfth resistor and the fourteenth resistor and the ground.

[0044] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a motor, characterized in that the motor includes the switch circuit as described above.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, a first switch element is provided on one side of the adjusting element. When the adjusting element rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element is driven to disconnect, and the second end of the first switch element is connected to the first power supply terminal of the motor, and the first end of the first switch element is connected to the first output terminal of the power supply circuit. When the adjusting element rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element disconnects, thereby cutting off the connection between the first power supply terminal of the motor and the mains, and thus disconnecting the strong - electricity connection state to ensure the safety of user use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a circuit block diagram of an embodiment of the switch circuit of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a three - dimensional structure diagram of an embodiment of the switch circuit of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 It is a circuit block diagram of another embodiment of the switch circuit of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a circuit block diagram of still another embodiment of the switch circuit of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 It is a circuit block diagram of yet another embodiment of the switch circuit of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 It is a circuit block diagram of another embodiment of the switch circuit of the present utility model.

[0053] Figure 7 It is the general schematic diagram of the switch circuit of the present utility model.

[0054] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0055] Label Name Label Name 100 Power supply circuit 410 Adjusting element 110 AC input circuit 411 Adjusting component 120 Rectifying circuit 500 Detection circuit 130 Step-down circuit 510 Rotational speed detection circuit 140 Motor switch circuit 520 Zero-crossing detection circuit 200 First switching element 530 Gear position detection circuit 300 Motor terminal 600 Control circuit 400 Adjusting circuit - -

[0056] The realization of the object, functional features and advantages of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0058] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present utility model are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0059] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present utility model.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the switch circuit includes an adjustment circuit 400, a motor terminal 300 and a power supply circuit 100, wherein:

[0061] The adjustment circuit 400 includes an adjustment element 410. A first switch element 200 is provided on one side of the adjustment element 410. When the adjustment element 410 rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element 200 is driven to disconnect. There are multiple motor terminals 300, and the multiple motor terminals 300 are respectively used to connect to the first power supply terminal and the second power supply terminal of the motor. The first power supply terminal of the motor is connected to the second terminal of the first switch element 200. The input end of the power supply circuit 100 is used to connect to the mains power supply, and the first output end of the power supply circuit 100 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch element 200.

[0062] In this embodiment, the adjustment element 410 can be a gear knob, and the first switch element 200 can be a micro - switch. The adjustment element 410 includes an adjustment main body and an adjustment housing. An adjustment assembly 411 for triggering the adjustment element 410 is provided on the adjustment housing. The first switch element 200 is arranged on one side of the gear knob. When the gear knob rotates, the first switch element 200 is driven to close or disconnect.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the adjustment element 410 rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element 200 disconnects, thereby cutting off the connection between the first power supply terminal of the motor and the mains power supply, powering off the motor, achieving the disconnection of the strong - electricity connection state, and ensuring the safety of user operation. At the same time, when the adjustment element 410 rotates or slides to other gear positions, the extended shaft component of the adjustment element 410 presses the first switch element 200 to make the first switch element 200 close, enabling the motor to work normally. Thus, the on - off control of the motor is realized, which has the advantages of safety, reliability, high control precision, etc., and can be widely applied to various occasions where motors are used, such as household appliances, industrial equipment and other fields.

[0064] The technical solution of the present utility model is that a first switch element 200 is provided on one side of the adjustment element 410. When the adjustment element 410 rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element 200 is driven to disconnect. The second terminal of the first switch element 200 is connected to the first power supply terminal of the motor, and the first terminal of the first switch element 200 is connected to the first output end of the power supply circuit 100. When the adjustment element 410 rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, the first switch element 200 disconnects, thereby cutting off the connection between the first power supply terminal of the motor and the mains power supply, and thus disconnecting the strong - electricity connection state to ensure the safety of user operation.

[0065] Combined with reference to Figure 3 As shown, further, another embodiment of the present utility model provides a switch circuit, based on the above Figure 1 and Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, the power supply circuit 100 includes an AC input circuit 110, a rectification circuit 120, a buck circuit 130, and a motor switch circuit 140, where:

[0066] The output terminal of the AC input circuit 110 is connected to the first terminal of the first switching element 200, and the AC input circuit 110 is used to access the mains power; the input terminal of the rectification circuit 120 is connected to the output terminal of the AC input circuit 110, and the rectification circuit 120 is used to rectify the mains power into a first DC voltage; the input terminal of the buck circuit 130 is connected to the output terminal of the rectification circuit 120, the output terminal of the buck circuit 130 is used to access a second DC voltage, and the buck circuit 130 is used to reduce the first DC voltage to the second DC voltage; the input terminal of the motor switch circuit 140 is connected to the output terminal of the AC input circuit 110, and the output terminal of the motor switch circuit 140 is connected to the second power terminal of the motor.

[0067] In this embodiment, the AC input circuit 110 is responsible for accessing the mains power from the outside and providing power for the entire switching circuit. The rectification circuit 120 then converts the alternating current into direct current, making subsequent circuit processing more convenient. The function of the buck circuit 130 is to reduce the rectified DC voltage to a voltage suitable for the control circuit 600 to operate, in order to protect the motor and optimize its performance. The motor switch circuit 140 is responsible for controlling the start and stop of the motor, and controls the motor by adjusting the power supply connected to the motor terminal 300.

[0068] In addition, the power supply circuit 100 may further include a filtering circuit. The input terminal of the filtering circuit is connected to the output terminal of the rectification circuit 120, and the output terminal of the filtering circuit is connected to the input terminal of the buck circuit 130. The filtering circuit is used to filter out the AC components in the first DC voltage to output a stable DC voltage. By setting the filtering circuit, the AC components in the DC voltage can be eliminated, making the DC voltage more stable and beneficial to the stable operation of the motor.

[0069] With reference to Figure 7 shown, further, another embodiment of the present invention provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 3 illustrated embodiment, the AC input circuit 110 includes a fuse FUSE1 and a first resistor R2, where:

[0070] The first terminal of the fuse FUSE1 is connected to the live wire; a second resistor R1 is connected between the first terminal of the first resistor R2 and the second terminal of the fuse FUSE1, and the second terminal of the first resistor R2 is connected to the neutral wire.

[0071] In this embodiment, the fuse FUSE1 plays a protective role in the circuit. When the current in the circuit exceeds its rated value, the fuse FUSE1 will automatically disconnect the circuit, thereby protecting the circuit and equipment from damage. The first resistor R2 and the second resistor R1 are used to limit the magnitude of the current in the circuit and prevent excessive current from damaging the circuit and equipment. The live wire is connected to the first end of the fuse FUSE1, and the neutral wire is connected to the second end of the first resistor R2, forming a complete AC input circuit 110. Through the protective effects of the fuse FUSE1 and the resistors, the safety and stability of the switching circuit can be effectively improved.

[0072] The motor switching circuit 140 includes a second switching element BTA12 and a third resistor R12, where:

[0073] The first conducting end of the second switching element BTA12 is connected to the neutral wire, and the second conducting end of the second switching element BTA12 is connected to the second power supply end of the motor; the second end of the third resistor R12 is connected to the control end of the second switching element BTA12.

[0074] In this embodiment, the second switching element BTA12 is used to control the on and off of the motor. When the second switching element BTA12 is conducting, the motor can operate normally; when the second switching element BTA12 is off, the motor stops working. The third resistor R12 is used to limit the magnitude of the current at the control end of the second switching element BTA12 and protect the second switching element BTA12 from damage. The neutral wire is connected to the first conducting end of the second switching element BTA12, and the second power supply end of the motor is connected to the second conducting end of the second switching element BTA12, forming a complete motor switching circuit 140. Through the control effects of the second switching element BTA12 and the third resistor R12, precise control of the motor can be achieved, improving the operating efficiency and stability of the motor.

[0075] With reference to Figure 7 shown, further, another embodiment of the present invention provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 3 shown embodiment, the rectifier circuit 120 includes a fourth resistor R3, a first diode D2, and a second diode D1, where:

[0076] A first capacitor C2 is connected between the first end of the fourth resistor R3 and the second end of the fuse FUSE1; the positive electrode of the first diode D2 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R3, and the negative electrode of the first diode D2 is connected to the neutral wire; the negative electrode of the second diode D1 is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R3, a second capacitor EC2 is connected between the positive electrode of the second diode D1 and the negative electrode of the first diode D2, and a fifth resistor R5 is connected between the positive electrode of the second diode D1 and the ground.

[0077] In this embodiment, the fourth resistor R3, the first diode D2, and the second diode D1 constitute the core part of the rectifier circuit 120. The fourth resistor R3 is used to limit the magnitude of the current in the circuit and protect the subsequent diodes from damage. The first diode D2 and the second diode D1 play a rectifying role, converting the input alternating current into direct current. The first capacitor C2 and the second capacitor EC2 are used to filter out the high-frequency noise in the direct current and improve the stability of the direct current. The fifth resistor R5 is used to protect the second diode D1 from damage due to overvoltage. Through the processing of the rectifier circuit 120, the input alternating current can be converted into stable direct current to provide a stable power supply for the subsequent circuits.

[0078] The buck circuit 130 includes a sixth resistor R4, where:

[0079] The first end of the sixth resistor R4 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode D2, the second end of the sixth resistor R4 is grounded, a third diode ZD1 is connected in parallel across both ends of the sixth resistor R4, and at least one or more capacitors are connected in parallel across both ends of the sixth resistor R4.

[0080] In this embodiment, the sixth resistor R4 is the core component of the buck circuit 130. Through the voltage division function of the resistor, the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit 120 is reduced to a lower voltage value to meet the working requirements of the subsequent circuits. The third diode ZD1 is used to protect the sixth resistor R4 from damage due to overvoltage. At the same time, the capacitors connected in parallel across both ends of the sixth resistor R4 are used to filter out the high-frequency noise in the voltage and improve the stability of the output voltage. In practical applications, the resistance value of the sixth resistor R4 and the capacitance value of the parallel capacitors can be adjusted according to the specific circuit requirements and the characteristics of the motor to obtain the best buck effect and output voltage stability. In addition, in order to ensure the safety and stability of the circuit, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection and other circuit protection measures can also be set in the buck circuit 130 to prevent abnormal conditions in the circuit from damaging the motor and the circuit.

[0081] With reference to Figure 4 shown, further, another embodiment of the present invention provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 1 and Figure 2 embodiments shown, it further includes a detection circuit 500 and a control circuit 600, where:

[0082] The detection circuit 500 is used to detect the zero-crossing signal and the rotation signal of the motor; the first input end of the control circuit 600 is connected to the output end of the detection circuit 500, and the second input end of the control circuit 600 is connected to the output end of the adjustment circuit 400.

[0083] In this embodiment, the detection circuit 500 is used to detect the operating state of the motor in real time, including the zero-crossing signal and the rotation signal of the motor. The zero-crossing signal refers to the moment when the current or voltage waveform of the mains power crosses zero. By detecting the zero-crossing signal, it is possible to better control the rotation speed and rotation direction of the motor, etc. The rotation signal of the motor can be detected by installing a sensor on the motor shaft, such as using a Hall effect sensor or an optical sensor, etc. The control circuit 600 is the core part of the switching circuit. It controls the start, stop, and rotation speed of the motor according to the signals provided by the detection circuit 500 and the output signal of the adjustment circuit 400. The control circuit 600 can include a microprocessor, a logic circuit, or an application-specific integrated circuit, etc., and realizes precise control of the motor through programming or logical design.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first input end of the control circuit 600 is connected to the output end of the detection circuit 500 to receive the motor operating state signal provided by the detection circuit 500. The second input end of the control circuit 600 is connected to the output end of the adjustment circuit 400 to receive the control signal provided by the adjustment circuit 400. The adjustment circuit 400 can be designed according to actual needs. For example, it can be a potentiometer or a digital-to-analog converter, and is used to adjust the target rotation speed or working mode of the motor, etc. The control circuit 600 processes the received signals and outputs corresponding control signals to the motor switching circuit 140, thereby controlling the start, stop, and rotation speed of the motor. By detecting the operating state of the motor in real time and making adjustments as needed, precise control and optimized operation of the motor can be achieved, improving the performance and efficiency of the equipment.

[0085] With reference to Figure 7 shown, further, another embodiment of the present invention provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 4 shown embodiment, the adjustment circuit 400 includes an adjustment element 410 and a seventh resistor R25, where:

[0086] The second fixed end of the adjustment element 410 is grounded, and a third capacitor C11 is connected between the adjustment end of the adjustment element 4 and the ground; the second end of the seventh resistor R25 is connected to the adjustment end of the adjustment element 410, and the first end of the seventh resistor R25 is connected to the second input end of the control circuit 600.

[0087] In this embodiment, the adjustment circuit 400 includes an adjustment element 410 and a seventh resistor R25. The adjustment element 410, such as a variable resistor or a potentiometer, is used to adjust the control parameters of the motor, such as the rotation speed, current, etc. By rotating or adjusting the adjustment element 410, its resistance value can be changed, thereby changing the current or voltage in the circuit to achieve precise control of the motor. The third capacitor C11 is connected in parallel between the adjustment terminal of the adjustment element 410 and the ground, and is used to filter out the high-frequency noise that may be generated during the adjustment process and improve the stability of the circuit. The seventh resistor R25 is a connection element between the adjustment circuit 400 and the control circuit 600. One end of it is connected to the adjustment terminal of the adjustment element 410, and the other end is connected to the second input terminal of the control circuit 600. Through the seventh resistor R25, the control signal output by the adjustment circuit 400 can be transmitted to the control circuit 600, and the control circuit 600 adjusts the operating state of the motor according to this signal. The resistance value of the seventh resistor R25 should be selected according to the specific circuit and motor characteristics to ensure the accurate transmission of the signal and the stable operation of the circuit.

[0088] With reference to Figure 5 shown, further, another embodiment of the present utility model provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 4 shown embodiment, the detection circuit 500 includes a rotation speed detection circuit 510, wherein:

[0089] The output terminal of the rotation speed detection circuit 510 is connected to the first input terminal of the control circuit 600, and the rotation speed detection circuit 510 is used to detect the rotation speed of the motor.

[0090] In this embodiment, the detection circuit 500 further includes a rotation speed detection circuit 510, which is specifically used to detect the rotation speed of the motor. The rotation speed of the motor is one of the important parameters reflecting its operating state. By accurately detecting the rotation speed, the operating state of the motor can be better controlled to achieve more precise speed adjustment and better operating efficiency.

[0091] The output terminal of the rotation speed detection circuit 510 is connected to the first input terminal of the control circuit 600, and transmits the detected rotation speed signal to the control circuit 600. The control circuit 600 performs comprehensive processing based on the received rotation speed signal and combines other input signals such as the control signal of the adjustment circuit 400, and outputs a corresponding control signal to the motor switching circuit 140, thereby achieving precise control of the motor.

[0092] In practical applications, the rotation speed detection circuit 510 can be implemented by various methods, such as using an optical sensor, a Hall effect sensor, or a magnetic sensor, etc. These sensors can be installed on or near the motor shaft, and by detecting the physical changes (such as light occlusion, magnetic field change, etc.) generated during the rotation of the motor, the rotation speed information is converted into an electrical signal for the control circuit 600 to process.

[0093] By introducing the rotational speed detection circuit 510, the rotational speed of the motor can be detected more accurately and precisely controlled as needed. This can not only improve the performance and efficiency of the device, but also extend the service life of the motor and reduce failures and damages caused by unstable speed or overload, etc.

[0094] The rotational speed detection circuit 510 includes a rotational speed sensor HALL and a ninth resistor R18, where:

[0095] The second end of the rotational speed sensor HALL is grounded, and an eighth resistor R16 is connected between the first end and the third end of the rotational speed sensor HALL; the first end of the ninth resistor R18 is connected to the first input terminal of the control circuit 600, and the second end of the ninth resistor R18 is connected to the first end of the rotational speed sensor HALL.

[0096] In this embodiment, the rotational speed sensor HALL is a key component for actually detecting the rotational speed of the motor. Such a sensor can sense physical changes generated when the motor rotates, such as magnetic field changes or light occlusion, and convert these changes into electrical signals for subsequent circuit processing. In this example, the second end of the rotational speed sensor HALL is grounded to form a stable reference level. And an eighth resistor R16 is connected between its first end and the third end. This resistor may be used to limit the amplitude of the sensor output signal, or for signal filtering and stabilization.

[0097] The ninth resistor R18 is connected between the first input terminal of the control circuit 600 and the first end of the rotational speed sensor HALL. Its main function is to transmit the rotational speed signal to the control circuit 600, and at the same time may also play a role in voltage division, current limiting or filtering to ensure the accuracy and stability of the signal. The resistance value of the ninth resistor R18 should be selected according to the specific circuit and sensor characteristics to ensure the accurate transmission of the signal and the stable operation of the circuit.

[0098] With such a configuration, the rotational speed detection circuit 510 can detect the rotational speed of the motor in real time and accurately, and transmit this important information to the control circuit 600. The control circuit 600 performs comprehensive processing based on the received rotational speed signal and in combination with other input signals, such as the control signal of the adjustment circuit 400, and finally outputs an accurate control signal to achieve the optimal control of the motor. This not only helps to improve the operating efficiency of the motor, but also helps to extend the service life of the motor and reduce the occurrence of failures and damages.

[0099] With reference to Figure 6 shown, further, another embodiment of the present invention provides a switching circuit. Based on the above Figure 4 shown embodiment, the detection circuit 500 includes a zero-crossing detection circuit 520 and a gear position detection circuit 530, where:

[0100] The input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 is connected to the output end of the power supply circuit 100, and the output end of the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 is connected to the third input end of the control circuit 600. The zero-crossing detection circuit 520 is used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the power supply circuit 100. The input end of the gear position detection circuit 530 is connected to the second end of the first switching element 200, and the output end of the gear position detection circuit 530 is connected to the fourth input end of the control circuit 600. The gear position detection circuit 530 is used for the on / off state of the first switching element 200.

[0101] In this embodiment, the detection circuit 500 includes a zero-crossing detection circuit 520 and a gear position detection circuit 530. The zero-crossing detection circuit 520 is mainly used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the power supply circuit 100, while the gear position detection circuit 530 is used to detect the on / off state of the first switching element 200. These two detection circuits 500 provide more comprehensive and accurate information for the control circuit 600, making the control of the motor more precise and reliable.

[0102] The input end of the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 is connected to the output end of the power supply circuit 100, and its output end is connected to the third input end of the control circuit 600. In the case of AC power supply, the zero-crossing signal refers to the moment when the power supply voltage transitions from the positive half-cycle to the negative half-cycle or from the negative half-cycle to the positive half-cycle. The zero-crossing detection circuit 520 can accurately detect these moments and transmit the zero-crossing signal to the control circuit 600. The control circuit 600 can accurately control parameters such as the start, stop, and speed of the motor according to the zero-crossing signal, realizing smoother and more efficient motor control.

[0103] The input end of the gear position detection circuit 530 is connected to the second end of the first switching element 200, and its output end is connected to the fourth input end of the control circuit 600. The gear position detection circuit 530 is mainly used to detect the on / off state of the first switching element 200, that is, whether the strong electricity of the motor is connected. By detecting the gear position signal, the control circuit 600 can understand the current gear position state of the motor, and thus make corresponding adjustments and controls according to the actual situation. This is of great significance for realizing the precise control and energy-saving operation of the motor.

[0104] With reference to Figure 7 shown, further, the present utility model also provides a switching circuit in another embodiment. Based on the above Figure 6 shown embodiment, the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 includes a third switching element Q4, wherein:

[0105] A tenth resistor R8 is connected between the control terminal of the third switching element Q4 and the first output terminal of the power supply circuit 100. An eleventh resistor R6 is connected between the control terminal and the second conduction terminal of the third switching element Q4. The second conduction terminal of the third switching element Q4 is grounded.

[0106] In this embodiment, the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 mainly consists of a third switching element Q4, which may be a transistor (such as a triode or a field-effect transistor) or a switching module in an integrated circuit. A tenth resistor R8 is connected between its control terminal and the first output terminal of the power supply circuit 100, and an eleventh resistor R6 is connected between the control terminal and the second conduction terminal. In addition, the second conduction terminal of the third switching element Q4 is directly grounded.

[0107] The tenth resistor R8 and the eleventh resistor R6 play important roles in the circuit. The tenth resistor R8 is mainly used to limit the input current of the control terminal, protecting the switching element from damage caused by excessive current. At the same time, it can also perform a certain voltage division on the input signal, enabling the switching element to operate within an appropriate voltage range. The eleventh resistor R6 is mainly used to stabilize the voltage of the control terminal, preventing misoperation caused by voltage fluctuations.

[0108] When the output voltage of the power supply circuit 100 crosses zero, that is, when the voltage changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive, this change will be detected by the third switching element Q4. Since the rate of change of the voltage is the largest when the voltage crosses zero, this change will be quickly recognized by the switching element and converted into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is then transmitted to the control circuit 600 and used as a zero-crossing signal.

[0109] After receiving the zero-crossing signal, the control circuit 600 can accurately control parameters such as the start, stop, and speed of the motor based on this signal. For example, the control circuit 600 can start or stop the motor at each zero-crossing moment to achieve a smooth start and stop process. At the same time, the control circuit 600 can also adjust the speed of the motor according to the frequency of the zero-crossing signal to achieve precise speed control.

[0110] In addition, due to the existence of the zero-crossing detection circuit 520, the control circuit 600 can also avoid situations where the current or voltage is too high during the operation of the motor. When the motor current or voltage exceeds the safe range, the zero-crossing detection circuit 520 will immediately detect it and transmit it to the control circuit 600, and the control circuit 600 can quickly take measures such as reducing the motor speed or cutting off the power supply to protect the safety of the motor and the entire circuit.

[0111] The gear position detection circuit 530 includes a twelfth resistor R10 and a fourth diode D3, where:

[0112] A thirteenth resistor R14 is connected between the second end of the twelfth resistor R10 and the first power supply terminal of the motor, and a fourteenth resistor R18 is connected between the first end of the twelfth resistor R10 and the fourth input terminal of the control circuit 600; a fifth diode D4 is connected between the negative electrode of the fourth diode D3 and the ground, and the common node of the fourth diode D3 and the fifth diode D4 is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control circuit 600, and a fifteenth resistor R13 is connected between the common node of the twelfth resistor R10 and the fourteenth resistor R18 and the ground.

[0113] In this embodiment, the gear position detection circuit 530 mainly consists of a twelfth resistor R10, a fourth diode D3, a fifth diode D4, and a fourteenth resistor R18. A thirteenth resistor R14 is connected between the second end of the twelfth resistor R10 and the first power supply terminal of the motor for detecting the gear position state of the motor. A fourteenth resistor R18 is connected between the first end of the twelfth resistor R10 and the fourth input terminal of the control circuit 600 for transmitting the detected gear position signal to the control circuit 600.

[0114] The fourth diode D3 and the fifth diode D4 play a voltage clamping role here to ensure that the gear position signal transmitted to the control circuit 600 is within an appropriate voltage range. When the gear position of the motor changes, that is, when the strong electrical connection state of the motor changes, this change will be detected by the twelfth resistor R10. Due to the voltage division effect of the resistor, this change will be converted into a voltage signal and transmitted to the control circuit 600 after being clamped by the fourth diode D3 and the fifth diode D4.

[0115] The present utility model also proposes a motor, which includes a switching circuit. The specific structure of the switching circuit refers to the above embodiment. Since this motor adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0116] As described above is an implementation manner provided in combination with specific content, and it is not considered that the specific implementation of this application is only limited to these descriptions. Any implementation similar or identical to the method and structure of this application, or any technical deduction or replacement made under the premise of the concept of this application, should be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A switching circuit, characterized in that, The switch circuit includes: An adjustment circuit, the adjustment circuit includes an adjustment element, and a first switch element is provided on one side of the adjustment element. When the adjustment element rotates or slides to the 0 - gear position, it drives the first switch element to disconnect; A motor terminal, there are multiple motor terminals, and the multiple motor terminals are respectively used to connect to the first power supply terminal and the second power supply terminal of the motor. The first power supply terminal of the motor is connected to the second terminal of the first switch element; A power supply circuit, the input end of the power supply circuit is used to connect to the mains power, and the first output end of the power supply circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first switch element.

2. The switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein The power supply circuit includes: An AC input circuit, the output end of the AC input circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first switch element, and the AC input circuit is used to connect to the mains power; A rectification circuit, the input end of the rectification circuit is connected to the output end of the AC input circuit, and the rectification circuit is used to rectify the mains power into a first DC voltage; A buck - down circuit, the input end of the buck - down circuit is connected to the output end of the rectification circuit, the output end of the buck - down circuit is used to connect to a second DC voltage, and the buck - down circuit is used to reduce the first DC voltage to the second DC voltage; A motor switch circuit, the input end of the motor switch circuit is connected to the output end of the AC input circuit, and the output end of the motor switch circuit is connected to the second power supply terminal of the motor.

3. The switching circuit according to claim 2, wherein The AC input circuit includes: A fuse, the first terminal of the fuse is connected to the live wire; A first resistor, a second resistor is connected between the first terminal of the first resistor and the second terminal of the fuse, and the second terminal of the first resistor is connected to the neutral wire; The motor switch circuit includes: A second switch element, the first conducting end of the second switch element is connected to the neutral wire, and the second conducting end of the second switch element is connected to the second power supply terminal of the motor; A third resistor, the second terminal of the third resistor is connected to the control end of the second switch element.

4. The switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein The rectification circuit includes: A fourth resistor, a first capacitor is connected between the first terminal of the fourth resistor and the second terminal of the fuse; A first diode, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor, and the negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the neutral wire; A second diode, the negative electrode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the fourth resistor, a second capacitor is connected between the positive electrode of the second diode and the negative electrode of the first diode, and a fifth resistor is connected between the positive electrode of the second diode and the ground; The buck - down circuit includes: A sixth resistor, the first terminal of the sixth resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode, the second terminal of the sixth resistor is grounded, a third diode is connected in parallel across the two ends of the sixth resistor, and at least one or more capacitors are connected in parallel across the two ends of the sixth resistor.

5. The switching circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that It further includes: A detection circuit, the detection circuit is used to detect the zero - crossing signal and the rotation signal of the motor; A control circuit, the first input end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the detection circuit, and the second input end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the adjustment circuit.

6. The switching circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment circuit includes: Adjusting element, the second fixed end of the adjusting element is grounded, and a third capacitor is connected between the adjusting end of the adjusting element and the ground; Seventh resistor, the second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the adjusting end of the adjusting element, and the first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the second input terminal of the control circuit.

7. The switching circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detection circuit includes: Rotation speed detection circuit, the output terminal of the rotation speed detection circuit is connected to the first input terminal of the control circuit, and the rotation speed detection circuit is used to detect the rotation speed of the motor; The rotation speed detection circuit includes: Rotation speed sensor, the second end of the rotation speed sensor is grounded, and an eighth resistor is connected between the first end and the third end of the rotation speed sensor; Ninth resistor, the first end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the control circuit, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the first end of the rotation speed sensor.

8. The switching circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that The detection circuit includes: Zero-crossing detection circuit, the input terminal of the zero-crossing detection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the power supply circuit, the output terminal of the zero-crossing detection circuit is connected to the third input terminal of the control circuit, and the zero-crossing detection circuit is used to detect the zero-crossing signal of the power supply circuit; Gear position detection circuit, the input terminal of the gear position detection circuit is connected to the second end of the first switching element, the output terminal of the gear position detection circuit is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control circuit, and the gear position detection circuit is used for the on-off state of the first switching element.

9. The switching circuit according to claim 8, wherein The zero-crossing detection circuit includes: Third switching element, a tenth resistor is connected between the control terminal of the third switching element and the first output terminal of the power supply circuit, an eleventh resistor is connected between the control terminal and the second conducting end of the third switching element, and the second conducting end of the third switching element is grounded; The gear position detection circuit includes: Twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor is connected between the second end of the twelfth resistor and the first power supply terminal of the motor, and a fourteenth resistor is connected between the first end of the twelfth resistor and the fourth input terminal of the control circuit; Fourth diode, a fifth diode is connected between the negative electrode of the fourth diode and the ground, the common node of the fourth diode and the fifth diode is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control circuit, and a fifteenth resistor is connected between the common node of the twelfth resistor and the fourteenth resistor and the ground.

10. A motor, characterized in that, The motor includes the switching circuit according to any one of claims 1-9.

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