Turning tool

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cutters, and discloses a turning cutter which is characterized in that after the turning cutter is mounted on a machine tool, due to the fact that a mounting through hole and a mounting hole are coaxially arranged, the mounting hole and a clamping body are coaxially arranged, and the mounting through hole and a turning blade are coaxially arranged, the clamping body and the turning blade are coaxially arranged; the machine tool drives the turning tool to rotate around the central axis of the turning tool, only one-time clamping is needed, the turning tool can be driven by controlling the machine tool to rotate around the central axis of the turning tool, the tool cutting edge angle of the turning blade is adjusted so as to meet cutting machining of different contour surfaces, and particularly follow-up cutting can be conducted on the machined surface with the large curvature. Any tool nose is aligned with a workpiece at a proper tool cutting edge angle to be used for turning the workpiece, the situation that the tool noses are switched by manually disassembling the locking screws can be effectively avoided, the clamping frequency and the tool changing frequency of the blade are reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a turning cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] When turning parts, for some parts with complex structures, high precision requirements, and great processing difficulty, the turning process is relatively complicated. Currently, the turning of such parts has the following defects:

[0003] 1. Once the tool is installed on the machine tool, the tool's lead angle is fixed. However, for workpiece surfaces with complex contours, such as parts with many corners, interference between the workpiece and the tool may occur during machining, or the workpiece may be overcut. Multiple tools with different lead angles are required to complete the machining of a complex part.

[0004] 2. When an insert involves multiple indexing, after a tool tip is used up, the tool needs to be removed for indexing and then reinstalled before it can be used again. The tool indexing frequency is high, which affects the processing efficiency and indirectly increases the processing cost. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a turning tool, which can significantly reduce the number of tool changes and the frequency of tool replacement while ensuring processing accuracy, thereby improving processing efficiency and reducing processing costs.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Turning tools, including:

[0008] A clamping body, wherein one axial end of the clamping body forms a machine tool connecting portion for connecting to a machine tool spindle, and the other axial end of the clamping body forms a blade clamping portion, the blade clamping portion is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is coaxially arranged with the clamping body;

[0009] A turning insert, wherein the turning insert is provided with a mounting through hole coaxially arranged therewith, the turning insert comprising at least two cutting tips circumferentially spaced about a central axis of the mounting through hole, the cutting tips extending radially from the blade clamping portion of the mounting through hole; the mounting through hole and the mounting hole being coaxially arranged;

[0010] A locking screw is threadedly connected to the mounting hole after passing through the mounting through hole.

[0011] As an implementation plan for the above-mentioned turning tool, the end face of the blade clamping portion away from one end of the machine tool connection portion forms a blade positioning surface, and the axial end of the turning blade is formed with a blade mounting surface, and the blade positioning surface and the blade mounting surface are in surface contact along the axial direction of the mounting through hole.

[0012] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, one of the insert positioning surface and the insert mounting surface is provided with a positioning protrusion, and the other is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning groove.

[0013] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, a plurality of positioning protrusions are provided, each of the positioning protrusions corresponds to the positioning grooves one by one, and the plurality of positioning protrusions are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting through hole.

[0014] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, two positioning grooves are provided, and the two positioning protrusions are distributed at equal intervals around the circumference of the turning insert.

[0015] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, the projection of the positioning groove on the preset plane is a triangle, a rectangle, or a circle, and the preset plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting through hole.

[0016] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, two tool tips are provided, and the two tool tips are equally spaced around the circumference of the turning insert.

[0017] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, the head of the locking screw does not protrude from the axial end surface of the turning insert at one end facing away from the insert clamping portion.

[0018] As an implementation scheme of the above-mentioned turning tool, a tool holder interface is provided at one end of the machine tool connection portion away from the blade clamping portion for connecting to a machine tool.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: after the turning tool provided by the present invention is installed on the machine tool, since the mounting through hole and the mounting hole are coaxially arranged, the mounting hole and the clamping body are coaxially arranged, and the mounting through hole and the turning blade are coaxially arranged, the clamping body and the turning blade are coaxially arranged, and the machine tool drives the turning tool to rotate around its own center axis. Only one clamping is required, and the turning tool can be driven to rotate around its own center axis by controlling the machine tool to adjust the main deflection angle of the turning blade to meet the cutting processing of different contour surfaces, especially for the processing surface with larger curvature, it can be cut with the movement, so that any tool tip can be aligned with the workpiece with a suitable main deflection angle for turning the workpiece, which can effectively avoid the need to manually disassemble the locking screw to switch the tool tip, reduce the number of blade clamping times and tool changing frequency, and improve processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the turning tool provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a turning insert provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial end face of a turning tool provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Middle DD section view;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the machining process when a cylindrical part is formed by turning a turning tool provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the machining process when a turning tool provided by an embodiment of the utility model is used to turn a part having a groove on its surface;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a processing process diagram when using the turning tool provided by the embodiment of the utility model to turn a part with a spherical surface and an avoidance groove.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Clamping body; 11. Machine tool connection part; 12. Blade clamping part; 13. Mounting hole; 14. Blade positioning surface; 15. Positioning protrusion;

[0029] 2. Turning blade; 21. Mounting through hole; 22. Blade tip; 23. Blade mounting surface; 24. Positioning groove;

[0030] 3. Locking screw;

[0031] 41. Free end; 42. Clamping end;

[0032] 100, first category parts; 200, second category parts; 300, third category parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0037] An embodiment of the utility model provides a turning tool, which can significantly reduce the frequency of tool replacement, improve processing efficiency, and reduce processing costs while ensuring processing accuracy.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the turning tool includes a clamping body 1, a turning blade 2 and a locking screw 3, wherein one axial end of the clamping body 1 forms a machine tool connecting portion 11 for connecting to the machine tool spindle, and the other axial end of the clamping body 1 forms a blade clamping portion 12, and the blade clamping portion 12 is provided with a mounting hole 13 at one end away from the machine tool connecting portion 11, and the mounting hole 13 is coaxially arranged with the clamping body 1; the turning blade 2 is provided with a mounting through hole 21 coaxially arranged therewith, and the turning blade 2 includes at least two tool tips 22 circumferentially spaced around the central axis of the mounting through hole 21, and the tool tips 22 extend out of the blade clamping portion 12 along the radial direction of the mounting through hole 21; the mounting through hole 21 and the mounting hole 13 are coaxially arranged; the locking screw 3 passes through the mounting through hole 21 and is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 13.

[0039] It should be noted that the tip 22 is also called the blade tip. The turning insert 2 has a cutting edge, and the cutting edge includes a main cutting edge and a secondary cutting edge. The tip 22 refers to the structure connecting the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge of the same cutting edge. This is a concept well known to those skilled in the art and will not be introduced in detail here.

[0040] After the turning tool is installed on the machine tool, since the mounting through hole 21 and the mounting hole 13 are coaxially arranged, the mounting hole 13 and the clamping body 1 are coaxially arranged, and the mounting through hole 21 and the turning blade 2 are coaxially arranged, the clamping body 1 and the turning blade 2 are coaxially arranged, and the machine tool drives the turning tool to rotate around its own center axis. Only one clamping is required, and the turning tool can be driven to rotate around its own center axis by controlling the machine tool to adjust the main deflection angle of the turning blade 2 to meet the cutting processing of different contour surfaces, especially for the processing surface with larger curvature, it can be cut with the movement, so that any tool tip 22 can be aligned with the workpiece with a suitable main deflection angle for turning the workpiece, which can effectively avoid the need to manually disassemble the locking screw 3 to switch the tool tip 22, reduce the number of blade clamping and tool changing frequency, and improve processing efficiency.

[0041] In addition, the tool tip 22 extends out of the blade clamping portion 12 in the radial direction of the mounting through hole 21, which can prevent the blade clamping portion 12 from interfering with the turning work of the tool tip 22 and ensure that all tool tips 22 can perform the turning work normally.

[0042] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the end face of the blade clamping portion 12 away from the machine tool connecting portion 11 forms a blade positioning surface 14, and the axial end of the turning blade 2 is formed with a blade mounting surface 23. The blade positioning surface 14 and the blade mounting surface 23 are abutted along the axial direction of the mounting through hole 21, and there is surface contact between the blade positioning surface 14 and the blade mounting surface 23, so that there is a sufficient contact area between the turning blade 2 and the blade clamping portion 12, which can improve the tool stability of the turning blade 2 during operation, and at the same time ensure the coaxiality between the turning blade 2 and the clamping body 1 after the turning blade 2 is installed.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, one of the blade positioning surface 14 and the blade mounting surface 23 is provided with a positioning protrusion 15, and the other is provided with a positioning groove 24, and the positioning protrusion 15 is embedded in the positioning groove 24. First, the positioning protrusion 15 is inserted into the corresponding positioning groove 24 so that the mounting through hole 21 and the mounting hole 13 are aligned, and then the locking screw 3 is passed through the mounting through hole 21 and threadedly connected to the mounting hole 13, so that the blade clamping part 12 and the turning blade 2 are connected by the locking screw 3, and the turning blade 2 is fixed, thereby improving the installation efficiency of the turning blade 2 and making the disassembly of the turning blade 2 convenient and quick; and it can also prevent the turning blade 2 from being subjected to force during the turning process and the turning blade 2 from shifting relative to the blade clamping part 12, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0044] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the central axis of the positioning groove 24 is parallel to the central axis of the mounting through hole 21 and is spaced apart. This arrangement can prevent the turning insert 2 from being subjected to force and rotating circumferentially relative to the insert clamping portion 12 during the turning process through the cooperation between the positioning groove 24 and the positioning protrusion 15, thereby improving the machining accuracy.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a plurality of positioning protrusions 15 are provided, each corresponding to a positioning groove 24. The plurality of positioning protrusions 15 are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting through hole 21. This arrangement can further improve the positioning accuracy between the insert clamping portion 12 and the turning insert 2, and is conducive to increasing the contact area between the insert clamping portion 12 and the turning insert 2, thereby improving the stability of the turning insert 2 during the turning process.

[0046] For example, the positioning groove 24 is provided on the blade mounting surface 23, and the positioning protrusion 15 is provided on the blade positioning surface 14. This simplifies the processing of the blade, reduces the amount of material used for the turning blade 2, and reduces processing costs. In other embodiments, the positioning groove 24 can also be provided on the blade positioning surface 14, and the positioning protrusion 15 can be provided on the blade mounting surface 23.

[0047] For example, there are two positioning grooves 24, which are evenly spaced around the circumference of the turning insert 2, which is beneficial for balancing the force on the turning insert 2. It should be noted that three, four or more positioning grooves 24 can also be provided.

[0048] For example, the projection of the positioning groove 24 on the preset plane is a triangle, and the preset plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting hole 21. In other embodiments, the projection of the positioning groove 24 on the preset plane can also be a rectangle, a circle, etc., which are not limited to examples one by one here.

[0049] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, at least two cutting edges 22 are equally spaced along the circumference of the mounting hole 21. By way of example, the turning insert 2 is provided with two cutting edges 22, which are equally spaced around the circumference of the turning insert 2. In other embodiments, three, four, or more cutting edges 22 may be provided, and these are not limited here.

[0050] Take two knife tips 22 as an example. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the length of the connecting line between the two cutting edges 22 is greater than the diameter of the blade clamping portion 12, so that after the turning blade 2 is installed in the blade clamping portion 12 by the locking screw 3, the cutting edge 22 is exposed from the blade clamping portion 12 when viewed from above in the axial direction of the turning blade 2, thereby achieving the cutting edge 22 extending out of the blade clamping portion 12 along the radial direction of the mounting through hole 21.

[0051] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the head of the locking screw 3 does not protrude from the axial end face of the turning blade 2 facing away from the blade clamping portion 12. This arrangement can prevent the locking screw 3 from touching the workpiece and affecting the turning effect. For example, the head of the locking screw 3 is flush with the axial end face of the turning blade 2 facing away from the blade clamping portion 12. Specifically, the mounting through hole 21 is a stepped hole, and the head of the locking screw 3 is located in the large diameter section of the mounting through hole 21. The rod of the locking screw 3 passes through the small diameter section of the mounting through hole 21 and is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 13. The head of the locking screw 3 abuts against the stepped surface of the mounting through hole 21 in the axial direction. In this way, the turning blade 2 can be clamped between the head of the locking screw 3 and the blade clamping portion 12 along the axial direction of the turning blade 2, thereby improving the stability of the turning blade 2.

[0052] In some other embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the head of the locking screw 3 can also be completely arranged in the large diameter hole of the mounting through hole 21, and the head of the locking screw 3 is spaced apart from the axial end face of the turning insert 2 facing away from the insert clamping portion 12.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a tool holder interface is provided at one end of the machine tool connection portion 11 away from the blade clamping portion 12, which is used to connect the machine tool connection portion 11 to the machine tool and secure the turning tool. It should be noted that the tool holder interface can be a BT tool holder interface, an HSK tool holder interface, an ISO tool holder interface, or a CAPTO tool holder interface. These tool holder interfaces are all existing technologies in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] The raw material used to prepare the part is recorded as a workpiece, one end of the workpiece is a clamping end 42, and the outer peripheral surface of the clamping end 42 is clamped by a clamping claw. The other end of the workpiece is a free end 41, and the turning insert 2 mainly turns the free end 41.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a process diagram for turning a cylindrical part using the above-mentioned turning tool. For ease of description, the cylindrical part is designated as a first-type part 100. The outer circumference of the clamping end 42 is clamped by the clamping jaws. The machine tool can drive the workpiece to rotate about the central axis n1. The machine tool can also drive the turning tool to rotate about the central axis n1′ by any angle α1 to adjust the main deflection angle γ1 of the turning tool installation. Figure 5 In FIG, the center axis n1 refers to the center axis of the first type of part 100, and the center axis n1′ refers to the center axis of the turning tool.

[0056] The clamp is connected to the spindle of the machine tool, and the machine tool connection part 11 of the turning tool is connected to the machine tool. The machine tool drives the turning tool to move along the outer surface of the workpiece, which is usually called feed. The feed direction is parallel to the center axis n1. After cutting is completed, a cylindrical surface is formed, that is, the first type of part 100 is processed and formed.

[0057] Figure 6 This is a process diagram for turning a part with grooves on its surface using the above-mentioned turning tool. For ease of description, the part with grooves on its surface is referred to as a second type of part 200. The outer peripheral surface of the clamping end 42 is clamped by the clamping jaws. The machine tool can drive the workpiece to rotate about the central axis n2. The machine tool can also drive the turning tool to rotate about the central axis n2′ by any angle α2 to adjust the main deflection angle γ2 of the turning tool installation. Figure 6 In FIG, the center axis n2 refers to the center axis of the second type part 200, and the center axis n2′ refers to the center axis of the turning tool.

[0058] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates an eight-step machining process. Step 1 involves the turning tool moving from the free end 41 toward the clamping end 42 to form a cylindrical surface. Step 2 involves a contour turning operation that simultaneously performs both axial and radial feeds to form a gradually expanding or converging conical surface. The turning steps shown in steps 1 through 8 are then performed sequentially. Steps 3, 5, and 7 are similar to step 1, differing only in the feed distance along the feed direction. Step 6 is similar to step 2, differing primarily in the radial and axial feed directions. Steps 1' through 8' correspond to steps 1 through 8, except that the feed direction is reversed. After these steps 1 through 8 and 1' through 8', the second type of part 200 is formed. Depending on the feed direction and the machining location, the machine tool can drive the turning tool to rotate by any angle α2 about the central axis n2 to adjust the tool's lead angle γ to meet the machining requirements of different locations.

[0059] Figure 7This is a process diagram for turning a part having a spherical surface and an avoidance groove using the above-mentioned turning tool. For ease of description, the part having a spherical surface and an avoidance groove is referred to as a third type of part 300. Figure 7 The five-step machining process is illustrated. By clamping the outer surface of the clamping end 42 with the clamping jaws, the machine tool can drive the workpiece to rotate around the central axis n3, and the machine tool can drive the turning tool to rotate around the central axis n3' by any angle α3 to adjust the main deflection angle γ3 of the turning tool installation. Figure 6 In FIG, the center axis n3 refers to the center axis of the third type part 300, and the center axis n3′ refers to the center axis of the turning tool.

[0060] Steps 1 and 2 involve simultaneous axial and radial feeds for contour turning. The surface profile vector direction changes with the feed direction, forming a spherical or hemispherical surface centered on the central axis n3. During this turning process, the turning tool moves from position A to position B, rotating 90° as the cutting progresses. In step 3, the turning tool feeds along the workpiece's axial direction to form a cylindrical surface. Step 4 involves rotating the turning tool around the central axis n3′ to form a relief surface for the relief groove. Step 5 involves radial feed to form a plane perpendicular to the central axis n3. Depending on the feed direction and the machining location, the turning tool can rotate around the central axis n3′ by any angle α3 to adjust the tool's lead angle γ3 to meet the machining requirements of different locations, thereby producing parts with complex structures that meet specific requirements.

[0061] Processing Figure 6 and Figure 7 When machining the workpiece shown in FIG. 4 , the feed direction can be changed according to different workpieces, that is, the tool can be fed from the free end 41 to the clamping end 42 , or from the clamping end 42 to the free end 41 , making the machining flexible and varied.

[0062] It should be noted that, during the process of turning to form the first type of parts 100 , the second type of parts 200 and the third type of parts 300 , the central axis of the turning insert 2 is always perpendicular to the central axis of the workpiece.

[0063] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Turning tool, characterized in that, include: A clamping body (1), wherein one axial end of the clamping body (1) forms a machine tool connecting portion (11) for connecting to a machine tool spindle, and the other axial end of the clamping body (1) forms a blade clamping portion (12), wherein the blade clamping portion (12) is provided with a mounting hole (13), and the mounting hole (13) is coaxially arranged with the clamping body (1); A turning blade (2), wherein the turning blade (2) is provided with a mounting through hole (21) coaxially arranged therewith, the turning blade (2) comprising at least two cutting tips (22) circumferentially spaced around a central axis of the mounting through hole (21), the cutting tips (22) extending radially from the blade clamping portion (12) along the mounting through hole (21); the mounting through hole (21) and the mounting hole (13) being coaxially arranged; A locking screw (3) is threadedly connected to the mounting hole (13) after passing through the mounting through hole (21).

2. The turning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The end surface of the blade clamping portion (12) away from one end of the machine tool connecting portion (11) forms a blade positioning surface (14), and the axial end of the turning blade (2) forms a blade mounting surface (23), and the blade positioning surface (14) and the blade mounting surface (23) are in surface contact with each other along the axial direction of the mounting through hole (21).

3. The turning tool according to claim 2, characterized in that One of the blade positioning surface (14) and the blade mounting surface (23) is provided with a positioning protrusion (15), and the other is provided with a positioning groove (24), wherein the positioning protrusion (15) is embedded in the positioning groove (24).

4. The turning tool according to claim 3, characterized in that A plurality of positioning protrusions (15) are provided, and the positioning protrusions (15) correspond one-to-one to the positioning grooves (24). The plurality of positioning protrusions (15) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting through hole (21).

5. The turning tool according to claim 4, characterized in that Two positioning grooves (24) are provided, and the two positioning protrusions (15) are distributed at equal intervals around the circumference of the turning blade (2).

6. The turning tool according to claim 3, characterized in that The projection of the positioning groove (24) on a preset plane is a triangle, a rectangle, or a circle, and the preset plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting through hole (21).

7. The turning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that Two tool tips (22) are provided, and the two tool tips (22) are distributed at equal intervals around the circumference of the turning blade (2).

8. The turning tool according to claim 1, wherein The head of the locking screw (3) does not protrude from the axial end surface of the turning blade (2) at the end facing away from the blade clamping portion (12).

9. The turning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that One end of the machine tool connecting portion (11) away from the blade clamping portion (12) is provided with a tool holder interface for connecting to a machine tool spindle.

10. The turning tool according to claim 9, characterized in that The tool holder interface is a BT tool holder interface, or an HSK tool holder interface, or an ISO tool holder interface, or a CAPTO tool holder interface.

Images