Throttling blowing device for laser processing head and laser processing head

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a throttling blowing device for a laser processing head and the laser processing head. The throttling blowing device of the laser processing head comprises an auxiliary gas flow channel and an optical gas flow channel which are arranged independently. Wherein the auxiliary gas flow channel is used for conveying auxiliary gas flow; the optical gas flow channel is used for transmitting laser and main gas flow; the main airflow and the auxiliary airflow can be configured to be protective airflow of the same type or different types so as to jointly act on different positions in front of or / and behind the light spot acting position on the weld joint, an anti-oxidation protective layer is formed in a specific area of the machining face (the to-be-machined area), and anti-oxidation isolation is conducted on the inner temperature area and the outer temperature area of a molten pool. The effect of isolating plasma clouds and air is ensured, and meanwhile, the gas flow consumption of the protective gas is saved to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a throttling air blowing device for a laser processing head and the laser processing head. Background Art

[0002] Welding is a common process used in the manufacturing industry. During the welding process, a shielding gas is usually set to process the molten pool.

[0003] However, existing welding equipment has two gas circuit configurations. The first utilizes the same channel for both the gas circuit and the laser output. Because the laser must oscillate, the inner diameter of the laser channel cannot be too small. This results in a high amount of shielding gas used during operation, resulting in a waste of resources. The second configuration utilizes a separate gas circuit external to the welding equipment through a separate pipe. This external pipe reduces the operational flexibility of the entire welding equipment. Therefore, a gas blowing device that conserves shielding gas is necessary. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a throttling air blowing device for a laser processing head and a laser processing head, aiming to solve the problem of a large amount of protective gas used in the air blowing device in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a throttling air blowing device for a laser processing head, the throttling air blowing device comprising:

[0006] Auxiliary gas flow channel, used for auxiliary gas flow transmission;

[0007] The phosgene flow channel is used for transmitting the laser and the main gas flow; the phosgene flow channel and the auxiliary gas flow channel are independent of each other, and the main gas flow and the auxiliary gas flow can be configured as the same type or different types of protective gas flows to act together at different positions before and / or after the light spot action position on the weld.

[0008] In one embodiment, the throttled air blowing device includes an outer tube and an inner tube, the outer tube and the inner tube are coaxially sleeved with each other to form an auxiliary gas flow channel, and the inner tube has a phosgene flow channel arranged axially therethrough; wherein the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged in an annular manner around the phosgene flow channel;

[0009] Alternatively, the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged as a plurality of micro channels arranged around the phosgene flow channel;

[0010] Alternatively, the auxiliary gas flow channel is located adjacent to the phosgene flow channel.

[0011] In one embodiment, the radial cross-section of the auxiliary gas flow channel is a regular or irregular ring shape, or a regular or irregular geometric shape;

[0012] The radial cross section of the phosgene flow channel is a regular or irregular geometric shape, and the inner diameter size and shape of the auxiliary gas flow channel and the inner diameter size and shape of the phosgene flow channel are adjustable.

[0013] In one embodiment, the extension path of the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged in a spiral shape around the phosgene flow channel.

[0014] In one embodiment, the light incident end of the outer tube has a transition portion, the end face of the transition portion forms a first air pipe interface interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel, and the side inner wall of the inner tube close to the light incident end is provided with at least one first diversion port interconnected with the light flow channel, for diverting the protective air flow output from the first air pipe interface.

[0015] In one embodiment, the light incident end of the outer tube has a transition portion, and an end surface of the transition portion forms a first air pipe interface interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel and a second air pipe interface interconnected with the phosgene flow channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, the light-emitting end of the outer tube is provided with an annular pressure transfer chamber connected to the auxiliary gas flow channel for pressurizing the auxiliary gas.

[0017] In one embodiment, the outlet connecting the auxiliary gas flow channel and the pressure transfer chamber or the outlet of the pressure transfer chamber is a plurality of micropores arranged at intervals from each other, each micropore forming a different micropore area, and the size, number and arrangement of each micropore in each micropore area are adjustable.

[0018] In one embodiment, the photoemission channel has at least one direct current section, at least one tapered section and at least one buffer section, the tapered section is arranged to taper along the laser transmission direction, the radial cross-sections of the direct current section and the buffer section along the inner tube are rectangular, and the radial cross-section width of the direct current section along the inner tube is smaller than the corresponding cross-section width of the buffer section.

[0019] On the other hand, a laser processing head is proposed, which adopts the throttling air blowing device in the above embodiment.

[0020] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The throttling blowing device of the laser processing head of the present invention includes an auxiliary gas flow channel and a phosgene flow channel which are independently arranged, wherein the auxiliary gas flow channel is used for supplying auxiliary gas flow transmission; the phosgene flow channel is used for supplying laser and main gas flow transmission; the main gas flow and the auxiliary gas flow can be configured as protective gas flows of the same type or different types, so as to act together at different positions before or / and after the action position of the light spot on the weld, forming an anti-oxidation protective layer in a specific area of the processing surface (area to be processed) to isolate the internal and external temperature areas of the molten pool from oxidation, while ensuring the effect of isolating the plasma cloud and air, saving the airflow usage of the protective gas to the greatest extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the nozzle;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a throttle blow device and a nozzle assembly;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified detail view of an embodiment near the middle light input end;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified detail view of an embodiment near the middle light input end;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an inner tube and an outer tube;

[0028] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another embodiment of the inner tube and the outer tube;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the outlet of the auxiliary gas flow channel;

[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment structure from one viewing angle;

[0031] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective of the adjustment structure.

[0032] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0033] 10. First flow channel; 21. Second flow channel; 22. Third flow channel; 23. Adjustment structure; 231. First part; 2310. First micro flow channel; 232. Second part; 2320. Second micro flow channel; 31. Main airflow; 32. Auxiliary airflow; 321. First auxiliary airflow; 33. Laser; 60. Outer tube; 61. Inner tube; 600. Auxiliary gas flow channel; 601. Microchannel; 610. Photogas flow channel; 612. First diversion port; 62. Adapter; 613. Pressure adapter chamber; 63. First air pipe interface; 70. Direct current section; 71. Conical section; 72. Buffer section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0038] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0042] During the laser processing process, the shielding gas can effectively prevent the focusing lens, protective mirror and other lenses from being contaminated by metal vapor and liquid droplets. Secondly, the metal vapor absorbs the laser and ionizes to form a plasma cloud. The shielding gas is very effective in dispersing the plasma shielding generated during high-power laser welding. Finally, the use of shielding gas can prevent the product from oxidizing during the welding process, thereby ensuring the welding effect. However, the cost of shielding gas is relatively high, and due to the limitations of the processing head structure in the existing technology, the amount of shielding gas used is large and the protection effect is poor, which in turn causes the cost of using the processing head to remain high.

[0043] This application proposes a laser processing head, which can be used in common laser processing scenarios; in which this application uses laser welding as an example for explanation.

[0044] In one embodiment, a laser processing head includes a processing head body, a nozzle, a distance detection module, a safety detection module, and a throttled air blowing device. The throttled air blowing device has a light input end connected to the processing head body, and a light output end coaxially connected to the light input end of the nozzle, for outputting a primary airflow 31, an auxiliary airflow 32, and a laser beam 33 at the light output end of the nozzle.

[0045] Among them, the distance detection module is arranged on the nozzle or the processing head body to detect the real-time distance between the light-emitting end face of the nozzle and the processing surface of the workpiece. It can monitor in real time whether the nozzle, wire feeding structure and gas supply structure interfere with the workpiece and components in the surrounding space to ensure the consistency of welding quality.

[0046] The safety detection module is located within the nozzle or processing head, with its output facing the workpiece. This module detects whether the nozzle's light-emitting end faces the workpiece. When the nozzle's light-emitting end faces the workpiece, the module controls the laser's emission, mitigating the risk of laser beams being directed toward people due to misoperation. Alternatively, the safety detection module can be a material recognition sensor or a marking module (marking the weld seam and using a camera to identify areas to be processed and those not to be processed).

[0047] The processing head body is provided with a QBH module or a QCS module for emitting laser light 33. The laser light 33 is emitted from the processing head body toward the nozzle. The laser light 33 is emitted from the nozzle toward the area to be processed of the workpiece.

[0048] The laser processing head also includes a visible light emission module located within the processing head body. This module emits a visible light beam coaxial with the laser beam, allowing the user to observe the beam spot's location O and facilitate focusing. Furthermore, the defocus of the visible light beam and the laser beam can be adjusted using a focusing lens or focusing mechanism.

[0049] In an optional scenario, the processing head body is provided with a handheld portion for the user to hold; in an optional scenario, the processing head body is provided with a connection end for connecting to a robotic arm.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the nozzle includes at least two air flow channels for outputting protective airflow, wherein at least one air flow channel is used to emit laser 33 to the area to be processed of the workpiece, and the other air flow channel is used to output auxiliary airflow 32.

[0051] Specifically, the nozzle includes a first flow channel 10 and an auxiliary flow channel group disposed thereon. Both the first flow channel 10 and the auxiliary flow channel group are interconnected at both ends, with the first flow channel 10 extending along the nozzle's axial direction (i.e., the direction of laser emission) to simultaneously output a primary airflow 31 and a laser beam 33 for processing the workpiece weld. The auxiliary flow channel group includes at least one flow channel for outputting an auxiliary airflow 32 (which may include a second flow channel 21 and a third flow channel 22). The auxiliary airflow 32 outputted by the auxiliary flow channel group can selectively act on the weld seam at the front or rear end of the laser spot's application location. The laser spot's application location and its rear end region form a designated area, i.e., a specific temperature zone or field; alternatively, the laser spot's application location and its front region form a designated area, i.e., a specific temperature zone or field. The auxiliary airflow 32 and the primary airflow 31 form an anti-oxidation protective layer on the temperature field surface of the workpiece (the area to be processed).

[0052] Throttling air blowing device

[0053] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , the throttling air blowing device is explained in detail.

[0054] The throttled air blowing device includes a hollow outer tube 60 and an inner tube 61 that are coaxially nested. The inner tube 61 is nested within the inner cavity of the outer tube 60 to form an auxiliary gas flow channel 600 for the auxiliary gas flow 32. In other embodiments, the outer tube 60 and the inner tube 61 may be nested within each other, rather than being coaxial.

[0055] Specifically, the inner tube 61 has a phosgene flow channel 610 extending axially therethrough. The auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is connected to each flow channel of the auxiliary outlet flow channel group (i.e., the aforementioned first flow channel 10, second flow channel 21, and third flow channel 22). This means that the gas flow output from the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is split at the nozzle to form at least one first auxiliary gas flow 321 and at least one second auxiliary gas flow; or it can be output as multiple first auxiliary gas flows 321 arranged side by side or adjacent to each other. The phosgene flow channel 610 is coaxially connected to the first flow channel 10 to simultaneously output the laser beam 33 and the main gas flow 31. The auxiliary gas flow 32 and the main gas flow 31 act on different locations on the weld seam.

[0056] In summary, this technical solution aims to provide the aforementioned structure to deliver an anti-oxidation protective layer tailored to the surface being machined (the machined surface) and the designated area. This provides oxidation isolation between the inner and outer temperature zones of the molten pool, while ensuring isolation from the plasma cloud and air, while minimizing shielding gas flow, resulting in aesthetically pleasing welds and significant economic benefits.

[0057] Auxiliary gas flow channel and phosgene flow channel

[0058] In one embodiment, the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is configured as a straight-through pipe and is arranged spirally around the phosgene flow channel 610. Figure 2 As shown, at the positions of the outer tube 60 and the inner tube 61 , the auxiliary airflow 32 is arranged around the main airflow 31 in the phosgene flow channel 610 , which helps to cool the inner tube 61 and the outer tube 60 to a certain extent.

[0059] In one embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the extension path of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is arranged in a spiral shape around the phosgene flow channel 610 to form a spiral auxiliary gas flow 32 .

[0060] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is arranged as a plurality of micro channels 601 arranged around the phosgene flow channel 610 , which can be arranged in a spiral manner or as straight micro channels 601 , and each micro channel 601 is arranged at intervals around the phosgene flow channel 610 .

[0061] In one embodiment, the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is located adjacent to the phosgene flow channel 610 , and both are straight-through channels.

[0062] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 (including the cross-section of the microchannel 601) can be a regular circular ring (with at least partially circular inner and outer contours) or an irregular geometric shape, which will not be described in detail here. The radial cross-section of the phosgene flow channel 610 can be a regular shape such as a circle or rectangle, or an irregular geometric shape such as a plum blossom. Users can select the radial cross-sectional shape of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 and the phosgene flow channel 610 to achieve primary control over the auxiliary and primary airflow parameters.

[0063] Tracheal interface + shunt

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the light-entering end of the outer tube 60 has a connecting portion 62, and the end surface of the connecting portion 62 forms a first gas pipe interface 63 that is interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 for the entry of the protective gas. In addition, the inner wall of the inner tube 61 near the light-entering end is provided with a first diversion port 612 ( Figure 3 As shown, the airflow flowing from the first air pipe interface 63 into the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is split. Part of the gas flows along the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 toward the nozzle, while the other part of the gas enters the phosgene flow channel 610 through the first diversion port 612 and is output along the phosgene flow channel 610, that is, the inner cavity of the inner tube 61, toward the first flow channel 10 of the nozzle.

[0065] In this way, while reducing costs, a single gas source can be used to achieve the output of multiple airflows. Furthermore, the size, position, shape, and other parameters of the first diversion opening 612 can be rationally arranged. By controlling the flow rate, flow rate, and other parameters of a single gas source, the parameters of the two airflows diverted through the first diversion opening 612 can be controlled, thereby achieving a streamlined structure. Furthermore, there is no limit to the number of first air pipe interfaces 63; they can be one or multiple, evenly arranged around the central axis of the inner tube 61.

[0066] Of course, in other embodiments, two gas sources may be provided without structural limitations. The end surface of the adapter portion 62 forms a first gas pipe interface 63 interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 and a second gas pipe interface interconnected with the phosgene flow channel 610. One gas source is used to supply gas to the auxiliary gas flow channel 600, and the other gas source is used to supply gas to the phosgene flow channel 610. The two gas sources respectively control the airflow parameters of the phosgene flow channel 610 and the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 (for example, gas circulation speed, cooling temperature, or protective gas type, etc.). In other words, based on the premise of providing two gas sources, the types of the auxiliary gas flow 32 and the main gas flow 31 outputted from the light outlet of the nozzle can be different, that is, the auxiliary gas flow 32 and the main gas flow 31 can be the same type of protective gas, or two different types of protective gases.

[0067] In one embodiment, the light input end of the nozzle or the light output end of the outer tube 60 is provided with a pressure transfer chamber 613 connected to the auxiliary gas flow channel 600, and each of the flow channels of the auxiliary outlet flow channel group is simultaneously connected to the pressure transfer chamber 613. The pressure transfer chamber 613 is arranged in a ring shape around the axial direction of the nozzle. At the nozzle, the annular pressure transfer chamber 613 is arranged circumferentially around the first flow channel 10. The radial cross-section of the annular pressure transfer chamber 613 has a larger projected area along the axial direction than the radial cross-section of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600. After the protective gas from the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 reaches the annular pressure transfer chamber 613, it is briefly buffered, and then a beam of auxiliary airflow 32 is simultaneously diverted to form at least one high-speed second auxiliary airflow and at least one high-speed third auxiliary airflow 32, thereby accelerating the second auxiliary airflow and the third auxiliary airflow 32.

[0068] Alternatively, as Figure 2 As shown, the outlet (annular) of the auxiliary gas channel 600 is facing each channel, namely the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 , so that the auxiliary gas flow 32 can flow into the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 evenly and synchronously.

[0069] Micropore arrangement of the outlet of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 at the throttling blowing device

[0070] Alternatively, as Figure 7As shown, the outlet of the auxiliary gas flow channel 600 is set as micropores (not numbered) in different areas. The nozzle and the light outlet end of the outer tube 60 are set to be relatively rotatable. The nozzle rotates before and after a predetermined angle relative to the outer tube 60, corresponding to the micropore areas in different areas. There are differences in micropore size, number, distribution form, etc. between different micropore areas, thereby achieving the adjustment of the gas flow rate of each flow channel, namely the second flow channel 21 and the third flow channel 22. For the specific adjustment structure, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The adjustment structure 23 is connected between the nozzle and the light output end of the outer tube 60.

[0071] Specifically, the regulatory structure 23 is as follows Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the regulating structure comprises a first portion 231 and a second portion 232 that are rotatably connected and coaxial, and can rotate relative to each other about their central axis. One end of the first portion 231 is connected to the light entrance of the nozzle, while one end of the second portion 232 is connected to the light exit of the throttling air blowing device (i.e., the pressure transfer chamber 613). The first portion 231 comprises a first regulating air chamber that communicates with the pressure transfer chamber 613 or the outlets of each flow channel of the auxiliary outlet flow channel group. The second portion 232 comprises a second regulating air chamber that communicates with the nozzle. The bottom wall of the first regulating air chamber is provided with a first microchannel 2310, and the bottom wall of the second regulating air chamber is also provided with a second microchannel 2320. The first microchannel 2310 and the second microchannel 2320 are interconnected. When the first portion 231 and the second portion 232 rotate relative to each other, the first microchannel 2310 and the second microchannel 2320 can be partially offset, completely offset, or directly opposite each other. By means of the above adjustment method, the volume of the auxiliary airflow 32 flowing through the first micro channel 2310 and the second micro channel 2320 is controlled, so as to further control the volume of the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 .

[0072] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the phosgene flow channel 610 comprises at least one direct flow section 70, at least one tapered section 71, and at least one buffer section 72. The tapered section 71 is arranged to taper along the transmission direction of the laser 33. The radial cross-sections of the direct flow section 70 and the buffer section 72 along the inner tube 61 are rectangular, and the radial cross-sectional width of the direct flow section 70 along the inner tube 61 is smaller than the corresponding cross-sectional width of the buffer section 72. The shielding gas flowing in from the first tracheal port 63 is split into a primary flow and an auxiliary flow. The primary flow 31 undergoes a steady flow rate in the direct flow section 70, an acceleration process in the tapered section 71, and a deceleration process in the buffer section 72, thereby regulating the shielding gas flow shape and flow rate, thereby forming an optimal anti-oxidation protective layer.

[0073] The present application also proposes a laser processing device, which includes the nozzle, throttling air blowing device, laser processing head and laser in the above scheme; or, the laser processing device includes the throttling air blowing device, laser processing head and laser in the above scheme.

[0074] The above embodiments of the present invention focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different features of the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form more specific embodiments. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A throttling air blowing device for a laser processing head, characterized in that: The throttling air blowing device comprises: Auxiliary gas flow channel, used for auxiliary gas flow transmission; The phosgene flow channel is used for transmitting the laser and the main gas flow; the phosgene flow channel and the auxiliary gas flow channel are independent of each other, and the main gas flow and the auxiliary gas flow can be configured as the same type or different types of protective gas flows, so as to act on different positions before and / or after the light spot action position on the weld, respectively, to form an anti-oxidation protective layer for the weld.

2. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throttling blowing device includes an outer tube and an inner tube, the outer tube and the inner tube are coaxially sleeved with each other to form an auxiliary gas flow channel, and the inner tube has a phosgene flow channel arranged axially therethrough; wherein the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged in an annular manner around the phosgene flow channel; Alternatively, the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged as a plurality of micro channels arranged around the phosgene flow channel; Alternatively, the auxiliary gas flow channel is located adjacent to the phosgene flow channel.

3. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary gas flow channel has a radial cross-section that is annular, with at least partially circular inner and outer contours; The radial cross section of the phosgene flow channel is circular, rectangular or plum blossom-shaped, and the inner diameter size and shape of the auxiliary gas flow channel and the inner diameter size and shape of the phosgene flow channel are adjustable.

4. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension path of the auxiliary gas flow channel is arranged in a spiral shape around the phosgene flow channel.

5. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light incident end of the outer tube has a connecting portion, and the end face of the connecting portion forms a first air pipe interface interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel. The side inner wall of the inner tube close to the light incident end is provided with at least one first diversion port interconnected with the light flow channel, for diverting the protective air flow output from the first air pipe interface.

6. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light incident end of the outer tube has a transition portion, and the end surface of the transition portion forms a first air pipe interface interconnected with the auxiliary gas flow channel and a second air pipe interface interconnected with the phosgene flow channel.

7. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-emitting end of the outer tube is provided with an annular pressure transfer chamber which is in communication with the auxiliary gas flow channel and is used for pressurizing the auxiliary gas.

8. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outlet connecting the auxiliary gas flow channel and the pressure transfer chamber or the outlet of the pressure transfer chamber is a plurality of micropores arranged at intervals from each other, each of the micropores forming a different micropore area, and the size, number and arrangement of each micropore in each micropore area are adjustable.

9. The throttling air blowing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photoelectrode has at least one direct current section, at least one tapered section and at least one buffer section, the tapered section is arranged to taper along the laser transmission direction, the direct current section and the buffer section have rectangular radial cross-sections along the inner tube, and the radial cross-section width of the direct current section along the inner tube is smaller than the corresponding cross-section width of the buffer section.

10. A laser processing head, characterized in that: The throttling blowing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted.

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