Throttling nozzle for laser processing device and laser processing head

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a throttling nozzle for a laser processing device and a laser processing head. The throttling nozzle comprises a first channel and a second channel which are independently arranged, and the first channel and the second channel are used for blowing straight main airflow and auxiliary airflow to the machining surface so that the main airflow and the auxiliary airflow can accurately cover the designated area of the machining surface. According to the invention, the protection gas flow is accurately conveyed to the designated area, so that unnecessary consumption and waste of the protection gas flow are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a throttling nozzle and a laser processing head for a laser processing device. Background Art

[0002] Welding is a common manufacturing process, widely used in product manufacturing. Welding is performed by welding equipment. During the welding process, the user manipulates the equipment to weld the joint.

[0003] Among them, in order to improve welding quality, laser welding equipment usually sets protective gases such as nitrogen and argon near the weld pool to shield the plasma cloud and air generated by metal melting, further protect the molten pool, and achieve high-quality welding.

[0004] There are two common shielding gas delivery methods in existing technology: one in which the shielding gas and the laser beam are coaxially distributed; the other in which the shielding gas is delivered from the side of the nozzle to the vicinity of the weld pool. However, both methods suffer from high shielding gas consumption, resulting in high costs for laser welding equipment and poor weld protection. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a throttling nozzle and a laser processing head for a laser processing device, aiming to solve the problem of large consumption of protective gas due to structural limitations of laser processing equipment in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a throttling nozzle for a laser processing device, the nozzle comprising:

[0007] First channel;

[0008] The second channel, the first channel and the second channel are independently arranged, and are used to blow straight main airflow and auxiliary airflow to the processing surface respectively, so that the main airflow and the auxiliary airflow accurately cover the specified area of the processing surface.

[0009] Furthermore, the first channel is also used to emit the processing light beam, and the cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the first channel is closely adapted to the spot shape of the processing light beam passing through.

[0010] Furthermore, the second channel and the first channel are arranged independently of each other, and the auxiliary airflow acts on the front area and / or the rear area of the light spot action position on the processing surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the light spot action position and the area behind it form a designated area;

[0012] Alternatively, the light spot action position and the area in front of it form a designated area.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary airflow and the main airflow are respectively composed of a plurality of micro-protective airflows, and the outlet shapes and spacings of the second channels and the first channels are adjustable.

[0014] Furthermore, the first channel is located on one side of the first channel or is arranged at intervals around the first channel and extends through the nozzle at a preset angle to the axis of the nozzle;

[0015] Alternatively, the second channel is arranged in a spiral shape around the first channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the first channel and the second channel are at least partially:

[0017] Straight channel;

[0018] Alternatively, the channels are tapered and arranged to gradually contract along the respective airflow delivery directions.

[0019] Furthermore, the projected area of the airflows of the first channel and the second channel covered on the processing surface is greater than or equal to the area of the designated area.

[0020] Furthermore, the nozzle further includes a fourth channel, and the inner diameter of the fourth channel is adjustable.

[0021] On the other hand, a laser processing head is proposed, which includes the nozzle in the above technical solution.

[0022] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The throttling nozzle of the present invention includes a first channel and a second channel, and the first channel and the second channel are used to blow out straight main airflow and auxiliary airflow to the processing surface respectively, so that the main airflow and the auxiliary airflow accurately cover the specified area of the processing surface. By accurately delivering the protective airflow to the specified area, unnecessary consumption and waste of airflow are avoided; at the same time, the quality of laser processing is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram between the air film, the workpiece processing surface and the light spot action position O;

[0026] Figure 2is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a nozzle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one of the light-emitting end faces of the nozzle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nozzle;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one of the light-emitting end faces of the nozzle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nozzle;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of one of the light-emitting end faces of the nozzle;

[0032] Figure 8 This is another schematic diagram of the light-emitting end face of the nozzle;

[0033] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of a nozzle;

[0034] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of a nozzle;

[0035] Figure 11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of a nozzle;

[0036] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a nozzle, a workpiece and an air flow;

[0037] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Detail enlargement in the image.

[0038] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0039] X, welding movement direction; O, spot action position; Y, laser transmission direction; Z, weld; 10, first channel; 20, auxiliary air outlet channel group; 21, second channel; 22, third channel; 210, micro channel; 31, main airflow; 32, auxiliary airflow; 321, first auxiliary airflow; 322, second auxiliary airflow; 33, laser processing beam; 34, secondary airflow; 40, avoidance part; 50, fourth channel; 613, pressure transfer chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0044] During the laser processing process, the shielding gas can effectively prevent the focusing lens, protective mirror and other lenses from being contaminated by metal vapor and liquid droplets. Secondly, the metal vapor absorbs the laser processing beam and ionizes to form a plasma cloud. The shielding gas is very effective in dispersing the plasma shielding generated during high-power laser welding. Finally, the use of shielding gas can prevent the product from oxidizing during the welding process, thereby ensuring the welding effect. However, the cost of shielding gas is relatively high, and due to the limitations of the processing head structure in the existing technology, the amount of shielding gas used is large, and the protective effect is poor, which in turn causes the cost of using the processing head to remain high.

[0045] In order to facilitate readers to deeply understand the technical solution of this application, now refer to Figure 1 Definitions and explanations of some terms in this application:

[0046] Welding movement direction X: Figure 1 As shown: the positive direction of arrow X is the moving direction of the machining head.

[0047] Spot action position O: During the laser irradiation process, the defocus amount will be appropriately selected according to factors such as the material type, reflectivity, and thickness of the workpiece. Therefore, the laser radiation on the weld surface of the workpiece is not necessarily at the focal plane position. Therefore, the point where the laser processing beam irradiates on the workpiece surface is defined here as: spot action position O. The spot action position O is the high temperature concentrated area, and: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, with the spot action position O as the origin, the weld behind the arrow X is the welded area, and the weld in front of the arrow X is the area to be welded. A temperature zone and a heat-affected zone with a certain temperature gradient are formed inside and outside the processed surface along the extension direction of the weld, which is called a "temperature field".

[0048] Length and width of the weld: Taking a straight weld as an example, the length of the weld along its extension direction is the length direction, and the distance between the workpieces is the width of the weld.

[0049] Laser transmission direction Y: positive direction of arrow Y in the figure.

[0050] The auxiliary materials used in the laser processing process are shielding gas or welding materials. The channels for outputting the auxiliary materials (such as the first channel 10, the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20, and the fourth channel 50) are collectively referred to as auxiliary material delivery channels.

[0051] This application designs a nozzle for a laser processing head. Figures 1 to 11 The specific structure of the nozzle is explained.

[0052] The nozzle includes at least two air flow channels for outputting protective air flow, wherein at least one air flow channel is used to emit a laser processing beam 33 to the area to be processed of the workpiece, and the other air flow channel is used to output an auxiliary air flow 32.

[0053] Specifically, the nozzle includes a first channel 10 and an auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 disposed thereon. Both the first channel 10 and the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 are through-connected at both ends, with the first channel 10 extending along the nozzle's axial direction (i.e., the laser transmission direction Y) to simultaneously output a primary airflow 31 and a laser processing beam 33 for processing the workpiece weld seam Z. The auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 includes at least one channel (described later as a second channel 21 and a third channel 22) for outputting an auxiliary airflow 32. The auxiliary airflow 32 outputted by the channels of the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 can selectively act on the front or rear end of the laser spot application location O on the weld seam Z. The laser spot application location O and its rearward region form a designated area, i.e., a specific temperature zone or temperature field; alternatively, the laser spot application location O and its forward region form a designated area, i.e., a specific temperature zone or temperature field. The auxiliary airflow 32 and the primary airflow 31 form an air film on the temperature field surface of the processing surface (the area to be processed).

[0054] To orient the airflow, the channels can be arranged in a direction that intersects the central axis of the nozzle, with the central axis of the first channel 10 coaxial with the central axis of the nozzle. Furthermore, to prevent interference between the primary airflow 31 and the auxiliary airflow 32, if there is only one channel in the auxiliary outlet channel group 20, it can be located on either side of the first channel 10. Alternatively, if there are multiple channels in the auxiliary outlet channel group 20, the channels can be spaced apart circumferentially around the first channel 10.

[0055] In summary, this technical solution aims to install the above-mentioned structure on the nozzle to achieve the goal of delivering an air film that is adapted to the designated area of the surface to be processed (machined surface). This prevents oxidation by isolating the inner and outer temperature zones of the molten pool. While ensuring the effective isolation of plasma clouds and air, it also minimizes the amount of shielding gas used, achieving a beautiful weld seam Z and achieving significant economic benefits.

[0056] Now combined Figures 2 to 13 The arrangement of each channel of the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 and the first channel 10 of the present application is explained in detail.

[0057] The specific area on the surface of the weld Z can be measured and selected with the aid of infrared temperature testing equipment.

[0058] In other embodiments, the auxiliary gas outlet channel group comprises only a plurality of spaced and independently arranged second channels 21, such as the second channel 21a and the second channel 21b shown in Figure 2, which are used to output the first auxiliary gas flow 321a and the first auxiliary gas flow 321b, respectively. Therefore, the second channels 21a and 21b are symmetrically arranged about a line perpendicular to the center of the outlet of the first channel 10. The first auxiliary gas flows 321a and 321b act together on a specific area on the weld seam Z surface behind the spot application location O, i.e., behind the molten pool. In this embodiment, the first auxiliary gas flows 321a and 321b are blown side by side onto the weld seam Z surface. In this case, the main gas flow 31 can be considered to act on the front of the molten pool. The main gas flow 31, the first auxiliary gas flows 321a, and the first auxiliary gas flows 321b together cover the specific area on the weld seam Z surface behind the spot application location O, forming an insulating air film adapted to the specific area.

[0059] Compared to existing solutions that apply large-scale airflow to the entire weld surface Z, this solution precisely adapts to the temperature field, significantly reduces gas consumption, and effectively improves weld pool stability and processing quality. The figure only illustrates two schematic diagrams of the first auxiliary airflow 321 (first auxiliary airflow 321a and first auxiliary airflow 321b), and the actual solutions covered are not limited to these.

[0060] In one embodiment, the radial cross-sections of the respective channels (the second channel 21 and the third channel 22) and the first channel 10 along their respective corresponding gas outlet directions (or understood as outlet shapes) are regular geometric shapes or irregular shapes. Figure 1 The cross-sectional shapes of the first channel 10, the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 shown in the figure are at least partially single runway circles (or waist-shaped holes), and the output of airflow at different action points is achieved by setting the opening directions of each hole.

[0061] In other embodiments, the first channel 10, the second channel 21, and the third channel 22 may be in the shape of a circle, an arc, an ellipse, a rectangle, etc. Of course, the first channel 10, the second channel 21, and the third channel 22 may be in the shape of a plum blossom, a petal, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] Furthermore, the shapes of the first channel 10, the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 can be the same or different, and the air volume corresponding to each channel (the second channel 21 and the third channel 22) and the first channel 10 can be the same or different, which helps to save air and provide precise protection.

[0063] Micropore arrangement at the nozzle

[0064] In one embodiment, each channel (the second channel 21 and the third channel 22) is a channel group formed by a plurality of spaced-apart microchannels 210, and the outer contour of each channel group is a regular geometric shape or an irregular shape. Specifically, each channel (the second channel 21 and the third channel 22) is not a single channel, but a gas channel group of a certain shape composed of a plurality of microchannels 210. Each microchannel 210 outputs a micro-shielding gas flow. This structure can evenly refine the first auxiliary gas flow 32 and the second auxiliary gas flow 32, which helps to improve the protection effect and increase the aesthetics of the weld. For example Figure 3 As shown, the cross-section of the second channel 21 is a racetrack-shaped channel group formed by a plurality of circular, elliptical, or other shaped microchannels 210 arranged at intervals. Correspondingly, the outlet cross-section of the second channel 21 can also be a racetrack-shaped pore group formed by a plurality of circular, elliptical, or other shaped microopenings arranged at intervals. Similarly, the same applies to the third channel 22, and further description is omitted here.

[0065] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shapes of the microchannels 210 in the same channel, that is, the same channel group, may be the same or different.

[0066] In another embodiment, each channel (second channel 21 and third channel 22) is a single channel. By providing an adjustment structure at the light-entry end of the nozzle, the adjustment structure provides microchannels in different regions to adjust the airflow volume and direction, and even the corresponding airflow cross-sectional shape (cross-sectional shape of the air film) to accommodate non-linear weld seam Z trajectories (e.g., curved, annular, etc.), further reducing airflow consumption.

[0067] In summary, the shapes of each channel (the second channel 21 and the third channel 22) and the first channel 10 can be various. No matter what the air flow rate of the first channel 10, the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 (auxiliary air flow hole group) is set to, or how large the size is set, the projection area of the main air flow 31 output by the first channel 10 on the processing surface is larger than the area of the specific temperature zone (temperature field) of the processing surface to ensure that the molten pool near the weld Z can be covered by the above-mentioned air film.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the third channel 22 and the first channel 10 are arranged vertically and spaced apart, and the second channel 21 and the second channel 21 are provided above the third channel 22 and are arranged symmetrically along the vertical midline in the figure.

[0069] like Figure 7 As shown, when the outlets of each channel of the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 and the outlet of the first channel 10 are all arranged on one side of the light outlet end face of the nozzle, the first channel 10, the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 are arranged vertically in a straight line.

[0070] The above are only a few of the arrangements shown in this application. The positional arrangement of the first channel 10, each second channel 21, and each third channel 22 can be arranged arbitrarily, as long as the main airflow 31, each first auxiliary airflow 321, and each second auxiliary airflow 322 do not interfere with each other. The user can choose the arrangement of the first channel 10, second channel 21, and third channel 22 as long as the unit volume of shielding gas is less than 4L.

[0071] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the first channel 10 is closely adapted to the spot shape of the passing laser processing beam in the plane where the outlet is located; further, the axial cross-sectional shape of the first channel 10 can closely correspond to the shape of the laser processing beam to achieve blocking of the returning welding slag and melt.

[0072] Cross-sectional shape of each channel

[0073] like Figure 9As shown, the nozzle has a light output end and a light input end, respectively. The light input end is used to receive the collimated laser processing beam 33. The first channel 10 is used to output the collimated laser processing beam 33. Therefore, the axial channel of the first channel 10 can be configured as a straight channel or a tapered channel, with its cross-sectional diameter gradually decreasing along the direction of emission of the laser processing beam 33 (the direction of transport of the primary airflow 31) to accelerate and buffer the primary airflow 31. Correspondingly, the second channel 21 and the third channel 22 of the auxiliary airflow channel group can be configured as straight channels or tapered channels, and their diameters gradually decrease along the directions of transport of the first auxiliary airflow 321 and the second auxiliary airflow 322, respectively.

[0074] like Figure 11 As shown, when the outlets of each channel of the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 and the outlet of the first channel 10 are not arranged on the side of the light-emitting end face of the nozzle at the same time, the outlets of each channel of the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20, that is, the outlets of the second channel 21 and the third channel 22, or the second channel 21a and the second channel b can be arranged on the circumferential side wall of the nozzle.

[0075] Nozzle end face structure

[0076] In one embodiment, in order to reduce the space occupied by the overall shape of the nozzle and realize processing in a narrow space, the outline of the nozzle is arranged in a tapered shape along the light output direction, and an avoidance portion 40 (such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 (as shown in the figure) to prevent the nozzle outer wall and the workpiece surface from getting stuck or interfering. In addition, the connecting contours of each side of the nozzle outer wall are rounded.

[0077] In one embodiment, the outlets of the first channel 10 and each channel of the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 are located at the same end surface or different end surfaces of the light outlet end of the nozzle.

[0078] In one case, Figure 5 As shown, the end face of the nozzle's light-emitting end is not a single plane, but is composed of at least two non-parallel (or non-coplanar) small planes. The outlets of the first channel 10 and each channel of the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 are located on the two small planes (or can be directly located on the avoidance portion 40). This can reduce the volume of the nozzle's light-emitting end; at the same time, the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 can be located on a plane relatively close to the weld seam Z to reduce the diffusion of the auxiliary gas. In addition, the outlets of the first channel 10 and each channel of the auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 are located on the same end face of the nozzle's light-emitting end, and the cross-section of the end face forms a Figure 2 Geometric shapes such as triangles, triangles or circles are shown.

[0079] In another case, if Figure 6As shown, the nozzle is formed by multiple sleeves that are nested together. The outlets of the first channel 10 and the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 are respectively located on the end faces of two adjacent sleeves, that is, the two are located on different end faces. Based on this, the side walls of the two adjacent sleeves are in close contact or there is a gap. The axial position distance between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can be adjusted so that the light-emitting end face of the inner sleeve is convex or concave relative to the light-emitting end of the outer sleeve. Figure 6 As shown, the light-emitting end faces of the outer sleeve are protruding relative to the light-emitting end face of the inner sleeve, so that when the welding head abuts against the surface of the workpiece, the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 on the outer sleeve outputs the auxiliary airflow 32 closer to the surface of the workpiece weld, ensuring that the output auxiliary airflow 32 is blown to the weld surface in a straight state as much as possible to isolate the plasma cloud close to the weld.

[0080] The above structures can deliver the auxiliary gas farther, closer to the workpiece's processing area, while conserving gas consumption. Because when the nozzle is some distance from the weld seam, the auxiliary gas disperses in the air, significantly reducing the amount of gas reaching the weld surface and thus reducing the insulation effect on the weld surface. Therefore, this solution further ensures that the airflow reaching the weld surface is concentrated and nearly straight, while also improving shielding gas utilization and saving shielding gas usage.

[0081] In one embodiment, at the nozzle position, the welding wire is internally or externally positioned relative to the nozzle. When the welding material is internally positioned relative to the nozzle, the nozzle has a fourth channel 50 extending therethrough at a predetermined angle. Alternatively, the fourth channel 50 can be located on either the inner or outer sleeve. Optionally, there can be multiple inner sleeves, with the fourth channel 50, first channel 10, and auxiliary gas outlet channel group 20 each located on a corresponding sleeve. Adjacent sleeves can be relatively telescopic along their axial direction, enabling primary telescopic adjustment of each channel and the fourth channel.

[0082] In one embodiment, Figure 10As shown, the nozzle also includes a channel or channel group for outputting a secondary airflow 34. The secondary airflow 34 acts on both sides of the weld seam Z (not in a specific area on the surface of the weld seam Z, i.e., the peripheral area of the temperature field, or limited to the heat-affected zone), thereby cooling and cleaning the area near the weld seam of the workpiece, and preventing splashing. For example, multiple spaced channels are provided around the periphery of the nozzle, with these channels opening toward the periphery of the nozzle. A secondary air film is formed around the periphery of the nozzle. These channels can also be configured as multiple microchannels, forming a fine secondary air film to provide a certain degree of shielding from splashing at the spot action position O (near the molten pool).

[0083] In one embodiment, a pressure transfer chamber 613 is provided at the light incident end of the nozzle. The pressure transfer chamber 613 is arranged in a ring shape around the axial direction of the nozzle and is used to connect the air flow channel from the nozzle.

[0084] The split flow nozzle of the present application has the following advantages over the nozzle of the prior art:

[0085] 1. Output at least one type of shielding gas to act on different areas before and after the spot action position O on the weld seam Z, forming at least one layer of gas film to isolate the air and plasma cloud on the workpiece processing surface, so as to protect the temperature field area covered by the gas film, maintain the stability of the molten pool and accurately control the temperature; at the same time, precise gas delivery can save gas consumption and reduce unnecessary gas consumption while ensuring the processing effect;

[0086] 2. The structural space is small, which can realize processing tasks in narrow scenes;

[0087] 3. The main airflow and laser processing beam are output in the same channel, which can also block smoke and dust overflow to a certain extent, protect the lens, and prevent channel blockage;

[0088] 4. It has strong versatility and can be applied to welding with or without filler wire.

[0089] Furthermore, when the primary airflow 31 of the present application is configured as a high-pressure jet, the nozzle scheme described above can be applied to laser cutting. The corresponding weld seam Z can be a cutting slit. The primary airflow 31 is used to blow the molten pool, while the auxiliary airflow 32 output by the auxiliary air outlet channel group 20 acts on the temperature field of the cutting slit, cooling the molten pool while promoting faster evaporation of the material, thereby improving cutting efficiency.

[0090] Secondly, the present application proposes a laser processing head, which can be used in common laser processing scenarios.

[0091] The laser processing head and nozzle can be used for processing in a narrow space scenario to solve the problem in the prior art that the laser processing head cannot weld workpieces with small angles or limited operating space.

[0092] In one embodiment, a laser processing head includes a processing head body, a nozzle, a distance detection module, a safety detection module, and a throttled air blowing device. The throttled air blowing device has a light input end connected to the processing head body, and a light output end coaxially connected to the light input end of the nozzle, for outputting a primary airflow 31, an auxiliary airflow 32, and a laser processing beam 33 at the light output end of the nozzle.

[0093] The above embodiments of the present invention focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different features of the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form more specific embodiments. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A throttling nozzle for a laser processing device, characterized in that: The nozzle comprises: First channel; The second channel, the first channel and the second channel are independently arranged, and are used to blow straight main airflow and auxiliary airflow respectively toward the processing surface, so that the main airflow and the auxiliary airflow accurately cover the specified area of the processing surface.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that The first channel is also used to emit a processing light beam, and the cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the first channel is closely adapted to the spot shape of the processing light beam passing through.

3. The nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that The second channel and the first channel are arranged independently of each other, and the auxiliary airflow acts on the front side area and / or the rear side area of the light spot action position on the processing surface.

4. The nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that The light spot action position and the area behind it form the designated area; Alternatively, the light spot action position and the front area thereof form the designated area.

5. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The auxiliary airflow and the main airflow are respectively composed of a plurality of micro-protective airflows, and the outlet shapes and spacings of each of the second channels and the first channels are adjustable.

6. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The first channel is located on one side of the first channel or is arranged at intervals around the first channel, and extends through the nozzle at a preset angle to the axis of the nozzle; Alternatively, the second channel is arranged in a spiral shape around the first channel.

7. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The first channel and the second channel are at least partially: Straight channel; Alternatively, the channels are tapered and arranged to gradually contract along the respective airflow delivery directions.

8. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The projected area of the airflows of the first channel and the second channel on the processing surface is greater than or equal to the area of the designated area.

9. The nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that The nozzle further includes a fourth channel, and the inner diameter of the fourth channel is adjustable.

10. A laser processing head, characterized in that: The laser processing head comprises the nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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