Drilling device for roadbed construction

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drilling device for roadbed construction, which belongs to the technical field of roadbed construction and comprises a protective baffle, one end of the protective baffle is slidably connected with a sliding bent plate, and the bottom of an inner cavity of the sliding bent plate is rotatably connected with a drill bit for drilling a soil layer or rock. A hydraulic cylinder used for driving the drill bit to move downwards is fixedly installed at the end, away from the drill bit, of the protective baffle, the drilling depth is adjusted through stretching and retracting of the hydraulic cylinder, and the end, away from the sliding bent plate, of the protective baffle is fixedly connected with a connecting shell. The drill bit is made to be perpendicular to the ground, the angle of the drill bit is monitored in cooperation with a gradienter, the angle of the drill bit in the drilling process is judged, and it is ensured that the drill bit drills strictly in the vertical direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of roadbed construction, in particular to a roadbed construction drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of infrastructure construction such as roads and railways and geotechnical engineering, roadbed construction drilling operations are a key link in geological survey, foundation treatment and construction assistance.

[0003] A Chinese patent discloses a drilling device for roadbed construction (publication number CN221400472U). The patent includes two fixed columns, a first mounting plate is fixedly installed at the top between the two fixed columns, a cylinder is installed at the top of the first mounting plate, a second mounting plate is installed at the bottom between the two fixed columns, a reset mechanism is installed on one side of the two fixed columns, and the two ends of the second mounting plate are fixedly connected to one end of the two reset mechanisms respectively, a measuring mechanism is installed at the bottom end of the second mounting plate, a drilling mechanism is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the second mounting plate, and the bottom end of the drilling mechanism is set through the middle of the bottom end of the measuring mechanism. During roadbed construction, the drilling angle is adjusted. The requirements are very strict, so it is necessary to ensure the verticality of the drilling angle, especially in projects such as oil and gas exploration, geological sampling, and subway pile foundations. Every 0.1° error in the verticality of the wellbore may lead to serious consequences such as failure to properly lower the subsequent casing, distortion of the sampling data, or insufficient bearing capacity of the pile foundation. However, some drilling equipment of the above-mentioned device cannot adjust the angle of the drill bit before drilling, and can only adjust the angle of the entire device by adjusting the road conditions. However, this method is not only unstable, but also difficult to achieve foundation leveling in complex terrain. As a result, the vibration generated during the drilling process may cause the drilling angle to deviate, thereby affecting the drilling accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a roadbed construction drilling device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A roadbed construction drilling device includes a protective baffle, one end of the protective baffle is slidably connected to a sliding bent plate, the bottom of the inner cavity of the sliding bent plate is rotatably connected to a drill bit for drilling soil or rock, and the drill bit is used to drill into the soil or rock to facilitate the extraction of oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable substances or mineral mud in the well, the end of the protective baffle away from the drill bit is fixedly mounted with a hydraulic cylinder for driving the drill bit to move downward, and the drilling depth is adjusted by the extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, and the end of the protective baffle away from the sliding bent plate is fixedly connected to a connecting shell;

[0007] The end of the connecting shell away from the protective baffle is fixedly connected to a support shell, and the inner cavity of the support shell is rotatably connected to an adjustment structure for fine-tuning the angle of the drill bit, and the angle of the drill bit is adjusted to vertical through the adjustment structure, and the angle of the drill bit is corrected to ensure that the wellbore extends in the vertical direction. A self-locking structure for locking the angle of the drill bit is also fixedly installed inside the support shell, and the adjusted drill bit is locked through the self-locking structure to ensure that the wellbore extends strictly in the vertical direction.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the adjustment structure includes a base rod, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the support shell. The outer wall of the support shell is rotatably connected to a sleeve shaft through a bearing. A hydraulic rod for adjusting the drill bit angle is rotatably connected to the bottom of the sleeve shaft, and the sleeve shaft is pushed to rotate by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod. The angle of the drill bit can be adjusted with high precision by utilizing the hydraulic fine-tuning mechanism.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the self-locking structure includes a two-way ratchet, which is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shell close to the support shell. The inner cavity of the two-way ratchet is rotatably connected to a semicircular shell. The top and bottom of the semicircular shell are both slidably connected to plug blocks for locking the two-way ratchet, and the directions of the two plug blocks are opposite. The positions of the two plug blocks correspond to the two groups of protrusions inside the two-way ratchet.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the top and bottom of the semicircular shell are fixedly connected to a limit clamp, and the inner cavity of the limit clamp is fixedly connected to a spring for pushing the plug to slide outward.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a fixed bent plate for positioning the drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support shell, and the fixed bent plate is bent toward the drill bit end.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the outer wall of the protective baffle is fixedly connected with a limit rod for limiting the sliding path of the drill bit. There are two limit rods in total, and the two limit rods are respectively located on both sides of the sliding bent plate to form a rigid guide rail.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. When the utility model is used, the angle of the drill bit is adjusted before drilling by setting the adjustment structure so that the drill bit is perpendicular to the ground, and the angle of the drill bit is monitored with a level meter to judge the angle of the drill bit during the drilling process to ensure that the drill bit drills strictly in the vertical direction.

[0015] 2. When the utility model is used, through the cooperation between the bidirectional ratchet and the two plugs, when the drill bit angle is adjusted, the two sets of plugs in opposite directions are automatically embedded in the ratchet protrusions under the action of the spring, forming a rigid locking state. During the drilling process, even if the device vibrates due to formation changes or continuous rotation, the engagement of the plugs and the ratchet can effectively limit the deviation of the connecting shell and the drill bit, avoiding the deviation of the wellbore trajectory due to angle fluctuations, ensuring that the angle accuracy can be maintained under dynamic working conditions. It is particularly suitable for deep hole drilling operations in high vibration environments, greatly reducing the risk of rework and equipment loss caused by angle deviation.

[0016] 3. When the utility model is used, the hydraulic cylinder output rod is protected by setting a protective baffle to block stones flying during drilling, avoid potholes on the output rod surface, ensure the stability of the hydraulic cylinder during extension and contraction, and prevent drilling depth deviation caused by component damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a structural diagram of a drilling device for roadbed construction.

[0018] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drill bit for a roadbed construction drilling device.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting shell of a roadbed construction drilling device.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a hydraulic rod of a roadbed construction drilling device.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the self-locking structure of a roadbed construction drilling device.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bidirectional ratchet for a roadbed construction drilling device.

[0023] In the figure: 1. protective baffle; 2. connecting shell; 3. sliding bent plate; 4. drill bit; 5. hydraulic cylinder; 6. support shell; 7. adjustment structure; 8. self-locking structure; 101. spirit level; 201. fixed block; 401. limiting rod; 402. sliding sleeve; 403. fixed shaft; 404. connecting block; 405. connecting shaft; 406. vertical slot; 407. motor; 601. fixed bent plate; 701. base rod; 702. sleeve shaft; 703. hydraulic rod; 704. fixed column; 801. two-way ratchet; 802. semicircular shell; 803. insert block; 804. limiting splint; 805. spring; 806. push block; 807. triangular guide plate; 808. push rod; 809. arc slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 6 A roadbed construction drilling device includes a protective baffle 1, one end of the protective baffle 1 is slidably connected to a sliding bent plate 3, the bottom of the inner cavity of the sliding bent plate 3 is rotatably connected to a drill bit 4 for drilling soil or rock, and the drill bit 4 is used to drill into the soil or rock to facilitate the extraction of oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable substances or mineral mud in the well, the top of the sliding bent plate 3 is fixedly connected to a motor 407 for driving the drill bit 4, and the output shaft of the motor 407 is fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit 4, so that the motor 407 drives the drill bit 4 to rotate for drilling, and the protective baffle 1 is away from the drill bit 4 One end of the well is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder 5 for driving the drill bit 4 to move downward, and the drilling depth is adjusted by extending and retracting the hydraulic cylinder 5. The end of the protective baffle 1 away from the sliding bent plate 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting shell 2. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is located between the protective baffle 1 and the connecting shell 2. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixed to the inner cavity of the connecting shell 2 through an extension block fixedly connected to the bottom. When the protective baffle 1 is actually in use, the outer wall of the output rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is protected to prevent stones from flying and bouncing during the drilling process, causing pits on the output rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, affecting the stability during extension and retraction, resulting in a decrease in the drilling positioning accuracy and a feed depth deviation of the drill bit 4.

[0026] The end of the connecting shell 2 away from the protective baffle 1 is fixedly connected to a support shell 6. The inner cavity of the support shell 6 is rotatably connected to an adjustment structure 7 for fine-tuning the angle of the drill bit 4. The angle of the drill bit 4 is adjusted to vertical through the adjustment structure 7, and the angle of the drill bit 4 is corrected to prevent the drill bit 4 from tilting due to the ruggedness of the ground, causing the drilling direction to deviate from the preset trajectory, ensuring that the wellbore extends in the vertical direction. A self-locking structure 8 for locking the angle of the drill bit 4 is also fixedly installed inside the support shell 6, and the adjusted drill bit 4 is locked by the self-locking structure 8 to ensure that the wellbore extends strictly in the vertical direction, avoiding the drill bit 4 from tilting due to vibration during the drilling process, reducing the probability of wellbore trajectory deviation, and meeting the engineering requirements of oil and gas extraction, geological exploration, etc. that have extremely high requirements for wellbore accuracy;

[0027] Specifically, a spirit level 101 for real-time monitoring of the angle of the drill bit 4 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the protective baffle 1 through threaded nails, and the spirit level 101 is located below the drill bit 4, so as to judge whether the drill bit 4 is in a vertical state when adjusting the angle of the drill bit 4 and when the drill bit 4 is working, and assist the operator to calibrate the angle of the drill bit 4 to vertical, and continuously monitor whether the drill bit 4 is tilted due to vibration, formation changes and other factors. The protective baffle 1 and the connecting shell 2 are both fixedly connected with fixed blocks 201 through threaded nails, and the protective baffle 1 and the connecting shell 2 are fixedly connected through the fixed blocks 201.

[0028] See also Figure 4 The adjustment structure 7 includes a base rod 701, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the support shell 6. The outer wall of the support shell 6 is rotatably connected to a sleeve shaft 702 through a bearing. The lower part of the sleeve shaft 702 is rotatably connected to a hydraulic rod 703 for adjusting the angle of the drill bit 4, and the sleeve shaft 702 is pushed to rotate by the extension and contraction of the hydraulic rod 703. The hydraulic fine-tuning mechanism is used to achieve high-precision angle adjustment of the drill bit 4, thereby realizing vertical drilling, ensuring uniform force on the drill bit 4, reducing wear on the drill bit 4, and improving drilling accuracy. Specifically, the inner cavity of the sleeve shaft 702 is rotatably connected to a fixed column 704 for providing rotation of the hydraulic rod 703. The top of the hydraulic rod 703 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed column 704 through a movable block, and the outer wall of the hydraulic rod 703 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support shell 6 through a bearing.

[0029] See also Figures 5 and 6 The self-locking structure 8 includes a two-way ratchet 801, which is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shell 2 near the support shell 6, and the two-way ratchet 801 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve shaft 702. The inner cavity of the two-way ratchet 801 is rotatably connected to a semicircular shell 802, and the semicircular shell 802 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the base rod 701. The top and bottom of the semicircular shell 802 are slidably connected with an insert block 803 for locking the two-way ratchet 801, and the two insert blocks 803 are in opposite directions. The positions of the two insert blocks 803 correspond to the two sets of protrusions inside the two-way ratchet 801, so that when the sleeve shaft 702 drives the two-way ratchet 801 to rotate to both sides and stop, the connecting shell 2 and the drill bit 4 are limited by any one of the insert blocks 803 and the two-way ratchet 801, thereby preventing the angle of the drill bit 4 from changing due to the continuous vibration of the drill bit 4 during the drilling process.

[0030] See also Figures 5 and 6, the top and bottom of the semicircular shell 802 are fixedly connected to the limit splint 804, and the inner cavity of the limit splint 804 is fixedly connected to the spring 805 for pushing the plug block 803 to slide outward. Specifically, the inner cavities of the two sets of limit splints 804 are slidably connected to push blocks 806, and the push blocks 806 are respectively fixedly connected to the two plug blocks 803, and then the two push blocks 806 and the plug blocks 803 are respectively pushed outward by the two sets of springs 805, and the two push blocks 806 and the plug blocks 803 are inserted into the inside of the two-way ratchet 801 to limit the connection shell 2, so that the connection shell 2 cannot deviate to both sides, thereby ensuring the vertical angle of the drill bit 4;

[0031] More specifically, one end of the two push blocks 806 close to the two-way ratchet 801 is fixedly connected to a triangular guide plate 807, and one side of the two triangular guide plates 807 is fixedly connected to a push rod 808 for pushing the insert block 803 to slide and retract. The inner cavity of the two-way ratchet 801 is slidably connected to an arc groove 809 for providing sliding of the push rod 808, and the inside of the arc groove 809 is fixedly connected to a rubber strip for increasing resistance, and the sliding speed of the push rod 808 is reduced by the rubber strip, so that the push rod 808 slides slowly inside the arc groove 809 to achieve the movement of the triangular guide plate 807. The push rod 808 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the arc groove 809, so that when the connecting shell 2 drives the two-way ratchet 801 to rotate to one side, a group of insert blocks 803 follows the two-way ratchet 801 After the internal protrusion is squeezed and retracted, it is ejected again by the spring 805, and the other set of plug blocks 803 with opposite angles slide through the arc groove 809 during the rotation of the two-way ratchet 801, thereby pushing the push rod 808 to slide toward the end of the triangular guide plate 807 and squeezing the triangular guide plate 807, so that the triangular guide plate 807 drives the plug block 803 and the push block 806 to retract, and after the two-way ratchet 801 stops rotating and the triangular guide plate 807 loses the squeezing of the push rod 808, the spring 805 pushes the plug block 803 to pop out again, locking and fixing the connecting shell 2 to improve the angle stability of the drill bit 4, preventing the drill bit 4 from deviating in angle due to continuous vibration during drilling, and effectively reducing the vertical error of the drill bit 4.

[0032] See also Figures 1 and 2 The bottom of the support shell 6 is fixedly connected with a fixed bent plate 601 for positioning the drill bit 4, and the fixed bent plate 601 is bent toward the end of the drill bit 4, thereby forming a mechanical support point, directly offsetting the reaction force of the drill bit 4 during drilling, improving the anti-overturning ability of the drill bit 4, and ensuring that during the drilling process, the protective baffle 1 will not tilt due to the force generated by the drill bit 4.

[0033] See also Figure 3The outer wall of the protective baffle 1 is fixedly connected with a limit rod 401 for limiting the sliding path of the drill bit 4. There are two limit rods 401 in total. The two limit rods 401 are respectively located on both sides of the sliding bent plate 3 to form a rigid guide rail, forcing the sliding bent plate 3 and the drill bit 4 to slide downward at a preset angle to avoid path deviation caused by uneven force on the drill bit 4. Specifically, the top and bottom of the limit rod 401 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective baffle 1 by screw nails, and two sliding sleeves 402 are fixedly connected to both ends of the sliding bent plate 3, and the four sliding sleeves 402 are respectively slidably connected to the outer walls of the two limit rods 401. The internal shape of the sliding sleeve 402 is the same as the outer wall of the limit rod 401 to ensure that the sliding bent plate 3 does not shake and moves downward during sliding.

[0034] See also Figure 3 The end of the protective baffle 1 away from the limit rod 401 is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft rod 403 for sharing the weight of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The top and bottom of the fixed shaft rod 403 are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting shell 2 through an extension block. The outer wall of the fixed shaft rod 403 is slidably connected to a connecting block 404 for driving the sliding bent plate 3 to slide as the hydraulic cylinder 5 contracts. The fixed shaft rod 403 passes through the connecting block 404 and is fixed to form a rigid beam structure, which shares the cantilever load of the hydraulic cylinder 5 and delays the bending speed of the hydraulic cylinder 5. Specifically, a connecting shaft 405 is fixedly connected between the connecting block 404 and the sliding bent plate 3, and is fixedly connected through the connecting shaft 405. The inner cavity of the protective baffle 1 is provided with a vertical groove 406 for providing the sliding of the connecting shaft 405, and the connecting shaft 405 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the vertical groove 406.

[0035] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: first, the ground is compacted, and the device is placed at the position where drilling is required, and the drill bit 4 is aligned with the position to be drilled, and the angle of the drill bit 4 is judged by the level 101 to be vertical. When the angle of the drill bit 4 deviates, the hydraulic rod 703 can be driven to rotate the connecting shell 2 by telescoping to adjust the angle of the drill bit 4. At the same time, during the rotation, the two-way ratchet 801 is also driven to rotate to one side. At the same time, a group of plug blocks 803 with the same shape as the rotation angle of the two-way ratchet 801 are squeezed and retracted after following the internal protrusion of the two-way ratchet 801, and are ejected again by the spring 805, while the other group of plug blocks 803 with opposite angles are ejected through the arc during the rotation of the two-way ratchet 801. The sliding of the triangular groove 809 uses the resistance formed by the rubber strip to create a time difference, pushing the push rod 808 to slide toward the end of the triangular guide plate 807 and squeezing the triangular guide plate 807, so that the triangular guide plate 807 drives the plug block 803 and the push block 806 to retract, and after adjusting to the verticality of the drill bit 4, the two-way ratchet 801 stops rotating when the hydraulic rod 703 is closed. After the triangular guide plate 807 loses the squeezing of the push rod 808, the spring 805 pushes the plug block 803 to pop out again, and the plug block 803 with the same shape and rotation angle as the two-way ratchet 801 locks the connecting shell 2 and the drill bit 4, and drives the drill bit 4 to start rotating through the driving motor 407, and at the same time drives the hydraulic cylinder 5 to contract, driving the drill bit 4 to move down and drill through the connecting block 404 to drill to the required depth.

[0036] The above are only preferred specific implementation methods of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to them. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and they should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadbed construction drilling device, comprising a protective baffle (1), characterized in that: One end of the protective baffle (1) is slidably connected to a sliding bent plate (3), and the bottom of the inner cavity of the sliding bent plate (3) is rotatably connected to a drill bit (4) for drilling soil or rock. An end of the protective baffle (1) away from the drill bit (4) is fixedly mounted with a hydraulic cylinder (5) for driving the drill bit (4) downward, and the drilling depth is adjusted by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder (5). An end of the protective baffle (1) away from the sliding bent plate (3) is fixedly connected to a connecting shell (2); One end of the connecting shell (2) away from the protective baffle (1) is fixedly connected to a support shell (6); the inner cavity of the support shell (6) is rotatably connected to an adjustment structure (7) for fine-tuning the angle of the drill bit (4); and the angle of the drill bit (4) is adjusted to vertical through the adjustment structure (7), and the angle of the drill bit (4) is corrected to ensure that the wellbore extends in the vertical direction. A self-locking structure (8) for locking the angle of the drill bit (4) is also fixedly installed inside the support shell (6).

2. A roadbed construction drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment structure (7) comprises a base rod (701), the base rod (701) being fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the support shell (6), the outer wall of the support shell (6) being rotatably connected to a sleeve shaft (702) via a bearing, and a hydraulic rod (703) for adjusting the angle of the drill bit (4) being rotatably connected below the sleeve shaft (702).

3. A roadbed construction drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking structure (8) comprises a bidirectional ratchet (801), the bidirectional ratchet (801) being fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shell (2) close to the supporting shell (6), the inner cavity of the bidirectional ratchet (801) being rotatably connected to a semicircular shell (802), the top and bottom of the semicircular shell (802) being slidably connected to plug blocks (803) for locking the bidirectional ratchet (801), and the directions of the two plug blocks (803) being opposite, and the positions of the two plug blocks (803) respectively corresponding to the two groups of protrusions inside the bidirectional ratchet (801).

4. A roadbed construction drilling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the semicircular shell (802) are both fixedly connected to a limiting clamp (804), and the inner cavity of the limiting clamp (804) is fixedly connected to a spring (805) for pushing the insert (803) to slide outward.

5. A roadbed construction drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed bent plate (601) for positioning the drill bit (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support shell (6), and the fixed bent plate (601) is bent towards the end of the drill bit (4).

6. A roadbed construction drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting rod (401) for limiting the sliding path of the drill bit (4) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective baffle (1), and two limiting rods (401) are provided. The two limiting rods (401) are respectively located on both sides of the sliding bent plate (3) to form a rigid guide rail.

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