Omnidirectional floating clamping jaw

Abstract

The utility model relates to a clamp, in particular to an omni-directional floating clamping jaw which is used for solving the technical problems that when a rotary part is clamped by a clamp, the existing precision of taper, ellipse and the like of the part can be forcibly corrected, the clamping deformation of the part is easily caused, and after finish machining is completed, the deformation of finish machining characteristics is out of tolerance due to rebounding of the part. The clamping device comprises a plurality of clamping jaw mechanisms and a shape limiting ring. Each clamping jaw mechanism comprises an adapter claw, a connecting shaft, an outer spherical surface connecting ring, an inner spherical surface connecting ring and a floating claw; the connecting shaft is sleeved with the outer spherical surface connecting ring, and the inner spherical surface connecting ring is arranged on the inner wall of the first mounting hole; the connecting shaft movably connects the upper end of the adapter claw with one end of the floating claw through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; the other ends of the floating claws are connected with the shape limiting ring, the clamped part is surrounded and clamped, and the floating claws of the multiple clamping claw mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shape limiting ring and used for being matched with one another.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a clamp, in particular to an omnidirectional floating clamping claw. Background Art

[0002] Gear hub parts are used for the axial connection and separation guidance of planetary friction plates and coupling plates, and for circumferential rotation to transmit torque, and do not participate in high-precision meshing transmission. They adopt the spinning process, and the cross-sectional roundness and outer cylindricity are both within 1mm to meet the use requirements. Gear hub parts are usually equipped with piston stops and welding stops. The requirements for the accuracy of the characteristic dimensions and the form and position tolerances of these two places are extremely strict. The use of ordinary external or internal support fixtures to clamp the gear hub parts will cause them to deform. After the processing is completed, the fixture is released, and the deformation rebounds, causing the piston stops and welding stops of the high-precision gear hub parts to deform beyond the tolerance. The commonly used fan-shaped floating three-jaw can solve the problem of elliptical follow-up clamping with the same cross-section, but it cannot solve the problem of axial taper follow-up clamping, which will also cause deformation or unstable clamping of the gear hub parts. The above phenomenon has long restricted the processing efficiency and product qualification rate of gear hub parts.

[0003] Automatic transmission gear hubs are typically thin-walled, easily deformed, rotating parts. The splines of these parts are spun, resulting in a considerable drop in precision compared to machined parts, with significant rebound from spinning. After machining and finishing, the parts often exhibit large tooth and minor diameter runout, as well as significant taper along the axis. While the spun tooth precision meets the requirements for axial guidance of the friction plate and circumferential torque transmission during use, certain machining requirements are more stringent. Due to the part's poor rigidity, deformation during positioning and clamping is unavoidable, and even rebound after machining is complete, making it difficult to guarantee the final finishing feature tolerances.

[0004] Chinese patent CN213350871U discloses "a workpiece clamping device", which includes a three-jaw chuck body, a No. 1 jaw main seat is provided at the upper end of the three-jaw chuck body, a No. 2 jaw main seat is provided on one side of the No. 1 jaw main seat, a No. 3 jaw main seat is provided on one side of the No. 2 jaw main seat, a floating connecting core shaft is provided inside the No. 1 jaw main seat, a workpiece clamping block is provided on the outer surface of one side of the No. 2 jaw main seat, an alloy block locking bolt block is provided on the outer surface of the lower end of the workpiece clamping block, and a workpiece support column is provided on one side of the alloy block locking bolt block. Chinese patent CN216730756U discloses a "centering floating clamp" comprising a centering structure and a tensioning structure. The centering structure includes a centering rod connected to a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed centering jaws, which drive radial movement of the centering jaws. The tensioning structure includes a tensioning rod connected to a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed tensioning jaws, which drive radial movement of the tensioning jaws. This document is not suitable for gear hub parts, and its three-jaw chuck rigidly clamps the parts, making them susceptible to deformation under stress.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a fixture that can clamp according to the shape of the part to ensure that the existing precision of the part's taper, ellipse, etc. will not be forcibly corrected after clamping, and to minimize the deformation of the part during clamping, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive deformation of the finishing features due to part rebound after finishing is completed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problems that when a fixture clamps rotating parts, the existing precision of the taper, ellipse, etc. of the parts will be forcibly corrected, which may easily lead to deformation of the parts during clamping, and the deformation of the finishing features will exceed the tolerance due to the rebound of the parts after the finishing is completed. An omnidirectional floating clamping claw is provided.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An omnidirectional floating claw, which is special in that it includes multiple claw mechanisms and limiting rings;

[0009] Each claw mechanism includes a transfer claw, a connecting shaft, an outer spherical connecting ring, an inner spherical connecting ring and a floating claw;

[0010] A first mounting hole is axially provided at one end of the floating claw;

[0011] The outer spherical connecting ring and the inner spherical connecting ring are both located in the first mounting hole, and the outer spherical connecting ring is sleeved on the connecting shaft, and the inner spherical connecting ring is arranged on the inner wall of the first mounting hole;

[0012] The upper end of the adapter claw is provided with a second mounting hole along the axial direction, and the lower end is used for connection with an external machine tool chuck;

[0013] The connecting shaft movably connects the upper end of the transfer claw with one end of the floating claw through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole;

[0014] The other end of the floating claw is connected to the limiting ring to embrace and clamp the clamped part, and the floating claws of multiple clamping claw mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the limiting ring to cooperate with each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the adapter claw includes a claw seat and a claw wall connected to the outer side of the upper end of the claw seat;

[0016] The claw seat and the claw wall form an L-shaped structure; a positioning step is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the claw seat, which is adapted to the external shape of the clamped part and is used to install and place the clamped part; the lower end of the claw seat is used to connect to the external machine tool chuck;

[0017] The second mounting hole is arranged at the upper end of the claw wall, and a connecting hole communicating with the second mounting hole is arranged radially on the claw wall; the floating claw is located on the inner side of the claw wall.

[0018] Furthermore, the floating claw includes a floating connector and a floating clamp connected to the floating connector; the floating connector and the floating clamp form a T-shaped structure; the floating connector extends into the connecting hole on the claw wall, and makes the first mounting hole correspond to the second mounting hole; the connecting shaft passes through the second mounting hole and the first mounting hole in sequence and is connected to the claw wall, which is used to connect the floating connector to the claw wall; the side of the floating clamp close to the floating connector is connected to the limiting ring, and the other side is used to abut against the outer wall of the clamped part when clamping.

[0019] Furthermore, a first limiting step that is adapted to the inner diameter of the outer spherical connecting ring is provided on the connecting shaft, and the first limiting step is used to limit the axial upward movement of the outer spherical connecting ring; a second limiting step that is adapted to the outer diameter of the inner spherical connecting ring is provided on the inner wall of the floating connecting member, and the second limiting step is used to limit the axial downward movement of the inner spherical connecting ring.

[0020] Furthermore, an interference fit is formed between the inner cylindrical surface of the outer spherical connecting ring and the connecting shaft; and an interference fit is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner spherical connecting ring and the floating connecting piece.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of contact blocks are provided on the other side wall of the floating clamp, and the contact blocks are used to abut against the outer wall of the clamped part when clamping.

[0022] Furthermore, the contact block is a ball joint contact block.

[0023] Furthermore, there are three claw mechanisms;

[0024] There are two limiting rings, and they are made of elastic material.

[0025] Furthermore, an interference fit is formed between the inner cylindrical surface of the outer spherical connecting ring and the connecting shaft; and the inner spherical connecting ring is connected to the floating connecting piece via a retaining spring.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0027] 1. The utility model provides an omnidirectional floating clamping claw, which can effectively solve the technical problem that the axial cone of the gear hub parts formed by the spinning process is difficult to effectively fit after the circumferential shape is an ellipse; it can achieve clamping without causing the gear hub of the gear hub parts to be deformed and forced to be corrected, avoiding the deformation rebound after the processing is completed, affecting the high-precision piston stop and welding stop of the gear hub parts, causing them to deform beyond the tolerance.

[0028] 2. In the omnidirectional floating clamping jaw of the utility model, the floating jaw can be designed according to the material, size and shape of the clamped part, and the contact area, shape and number of contact points between the floating jaw and the clamped part can be adjusted; multi-point rigid contact or elastic contact with the clamped part can be selected to ensure sufficient and reliable contact between the floating jaw and the clamped part.

[0029] 3. The limiting ring in this omnidirectional floating jaw allows for optimal clamping force based on the characteristics of the clamped part. The clamping point is determined by the part's characteristics, making this omnidirectional floating jaw suitable for machining cylindrical surfaces with poor cylindricity and surface quality. The omnidirectional floating jaw, in conjunction with the limiting ring, achieves excellent grip and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an omnidirectional floating claw of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 sectional view of

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a transfer claw in an embodiment of an omnidirectional floating claw of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating claw in an omnidirectional floating claw embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating claw in an omnidirectional floating claw embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an environmentally friendly clamping standard part of an omnidirectional floating clamping claw embodiment of the utility model.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Adapter claw; 11. Claw seat; 12. Claw wall; 13. Second mounting hole; 14. Positioning step; 15. Connecting hole; 2. Limiting ring; 3. Connecting shaft; 4. Outer spherical connecting ring; 5. Inner spherical connecting ring; 6. Floating claw; 61. Floating connector; 62. Floating clamp; 63. First mounting hole; 64. Contact block; 7. Standard part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, an omnidirectional floating jaw comprises three jaw mechanisms and a limiting ring 2; each jaw mechanism comprises an adapter jaw 1, a connecting shaft 3, a floating jaw 6, an outer spherical connecting ring 4 and an inner spherical connecting ring 5; a first mounting hole 63 is axially provided at one end of the floating jaw 6; a second mounting hole 13 is axially provided at the upper end of the adapter jaw 1, and the lower end is used for connection to an external machine tool chuck; the connecting shaft 3 movably connects the upper end of the adapter jaw 1 with one end of the floating jaw 6 through the first mounting hole 63 and the second mounting hole 13, and the connecting shaft 3 and the adapter jaw 11 are threadedly connected to achieve axial positioning; the other end of the floating jaw 6 is connected to the limiting ring 2, and the floating jaws 6 of the three jaw mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the limiting ring 2, for cooperating with each other to embrace and clamp the clamped parts.

[0040] The outer spherical connecting ring 4 and the inner spherical connecting ring 5 are both located in the first mounting hole 63. The outer spherical connecting ring 4 and the inner spherical connecting ring 5 form an omnidirectional floating component similar to a joint bearing; the outer spherical connecting ring 4 is sleeved on the connecting shaft 3; the inner spherical connecting ring 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the first mounting hole 63.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the adapter claw 1 includes a claw seat 11 and a claw wall 12 connected to the outer side of the upper end of the claw seat 11; the claw seat 11 and the claw wall 12 form an L-shaped structure; a positioning step 14 is provided on the inner side of the claw seat 11, and the positioning step 14 is adapted to the outer shape of the clamped part and is used to place the clamped part; the lower end of the claw seat 11 is used to connect to the external machine tool chuck; a second mounting hole 13 is provided at the upper end of the claw wall 12, and a connecting hole 15 connected to the second mounting hole 13 is provided radially on the claw wall 12; the floating claw 6 is located on the inner side of the claw wall 12.

[0042] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the floating claw 6 is designed based on the characteristics of the clamped part and features an omnidirectional floating structure, ensuring flexible floating and a controllable range. It includes a floating connector 61 and a floating clamp 62 connected to the floating connector 61. The floating connector 61 and the floating clamp 62 form a T-shaped structure. A first mounting hole 63 is provided on the claw wall 12. The floating connector 61 extends into the connecting hole 15 on the claw wall 12, aligning the first mounting hole 63 with the second mounting hole 13. The connecting shaft 3 passes through the second mounting hole 13 and the first mounting hole 63, connecting the floating connector 61 to the claw wall 12. The floating clamp 62 is connected to the limiting ring 2 on one side near the floating connector 61, and the other side is used to abut the outer wall of the clamped part during clamping. To ensure stable clamping, two limiting rings 2 are used, made of elastic material, to ensure that the clamping surface formed by the three floating claws 6 remains substantially cylindrical in the non-clamped state, facilitating part placement and retrieval.

[0043] Preferably, the floating claw 6, consisting of the floating connector 61 and the floating clamp 62, can be designed based on the material, size, and shape of the clamped part. The contact area, shape, and number of contact points between the floating claw 6 and the clamped part can be adjusted. Rigid contact with the clamped part can be achieved at multiple points, or elastic contact can be achieved by bonding elastic material to the contact points. Alternatively, a spherical hinge contact block 64 can be installed on the floating claw 6 to ensure sufficient and reliable contact with the clamped part. In this embodiment, three spherical hinge contact blocks 64 are provided on the other side wall of the floating clamp 62. The other side of each contact block 64 is used to abut against the outer wall of the clamped part during clamping.

[0044] Connecting shaft 3 is provided with a first stop step that matches the inner diameter of outer spherical connecting ring 4. The first stop step faces upward, restricting the outer spherical connecting ring 4 from moving upward in the axial direction. The inner wall of floating connector 61 is provided with a second stop step that matches the outer diameter of inner spherical connecting ring 5. The first stop step faces downward, restricting the inner spherical connecting ring 5 from moving downward in the axial direction. These first and second stop steps ensure the axial position of floating connector 61 by limiting the outer and inner spherical connecting rings 4 and 5.

[0045] To achieve axial locking, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer spherical connecting ring 4 forms an interference fit with the connecting shaft 3; the outer cylindrical surface of the inner spherical connecting ring 5 forms an interference fit with the floating connector 61. In other embodiments, the inner spherical connecting ring 5 is connected to the floating connector 61 via a retaining spring. To ensure reliable clamping of the clamped part, the three sets of three-point floating jaws 6 in this example utilize the three-point positioning principle to effectively conform to ellipses and cylinders, clamping while minimizing deformation. Furthermore, the three-point clamping mechanism of the three-point floating jaws 6 can be designed as a removable structure, allowing for quick replacement according to varying clamping requirements.

[0046] The use process of the utility model based on the above is as follows:

[0047] like Figure 6As shown, the corresponding external machine tool lathe chuck is selected based on the clamped part, especially confirming the chuck's three-jaw connection dimensions. The omnidirectional floating jaw is assembled, and the adapter jaw 1 is positioned downwardly to mate with the external machine tool lathe chuck, and upwardly to mate with the floating three-jaw. The taper of the specific clamped part can be simulated using the standard component 7 for design, or a theoretical cylinder can be used directly. During fixture trimming, the standard component 7 cooperates with the outer cylindrical surface of the floating jaw 6 to ensure the trimmed dimensions, shape, and position accuracy of the floating jaw 6's clamping contact area. The utility model's omnidirectional floating jaw adapts to the specific contours of the clamped part. After assembly, initial installation, or the first clamped part after replacement, requires three-jaw self-boring using the standard component 7 before clamping can begin. For each clamped part, the appropriate clamping force should be selected based on the characteristics of the clamped part, and the clamping point should be determined based on the characteristics of the clamped part. This omnidirectional floating jaw is also suitable for machining cylindrical surfaces with poor cylindricity and surface quality. The omnidirectional floating design combined with the targeted floating claw 6 design can achieve good clamping performance and clamping reliability for the clamped parts.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional floating claw, characterized by: It includes a plurality of claw mechanisms and a limiting ring (2); Each claw mechanism comprises a transfer claw (1), a connecting shaft (3), an outer spherical connecting ring (4), an inner spherical connecting ring (5) and a floating claw (6); One end of the floating claw (6) is provided with a first mounting hole (63) along the axial direction; The outer spherical connecting ring (4) and the inner spherical connecting ring (5) are both located in the first mounting hole (63), and the outer spherical connecting ring (4) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (3), and the inner spherical connecting ring (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the first mounting hole (63); The upper end of the adapter claw (1) is provided with a second mounting hole (13) along the axial direction, and the lower end is used for connection with an external machine tool chuck; The connecting shaft (3) movably connects the upper end of the adapter claw (1) to one end of the floating claw (6) through the first mounting hole (63) and the second mounting hole (13); the other end of the floating claw (6) is connected to the limiting ring (2) to embrace and clamp the clamped part, and the floating claws (6) of the multiple clamping claw mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the limiting ring (2) for mutual cooperation.

2. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter claw (1) comprises a claw seat (11) and a claw wall (12) connected to the outer side of the upper end of the claw seat (11); The claw seat (11) and the claw wall (12) form an L-shaped structure; a positioning step (14) is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the claw seat (11), and the positioning step (14) is adapted to the external shape of the clamped part and is used for installing and placing the clamped part; the lower end of the claw seat (11) is used to connect to an external machine tool chuck; The second mounting hole (13) is provided at the upper end of the claw wall (12); a connecting hole (15) communicating with the second mounting hole (13) is provided radially on the claw wall (12); and the floating claw (6) is located on the inner side of the claw wall (12).

3. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating claw (6) includes a floating connection piece (61) and a floating clamping piece (62) connected to the floating connection piece (61); the floating connection piece (61) and the floating clamping piece (62) form a T-shaped structure; The floating connection member (61) extends into the connection hole (15) on the claw wall (12), and makes the first mounting hole (63) correspond to the second mounting hole (13); The connecting shaft (3) passes through the second mounting hole (13) and the first mounting hole (63) in sequence and is connected to the claw wall (12), so as to connect the floating connecting member (61) to the claw wall (12); The floating clamping member (62) is connected to the limiting ring (2) on one side close to the floating connecting member (61), and the other side is used to abut against the outer wall of the clamped part when clamping.

4. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting shaft (3) is provided with a first limiting step adapted to the inner diameter of the outer spherical connecting ring (4), and the first limiting step is used to limit the outer spherical connecting ring (4) from moving upward in the axial direction; A second limiting step adapted to the outer diameter of the inner spherical connecting ring (5) is provided on the inner wall of the floating connecting member (61), and the second limiting step is used to limit the axial downward movement of the inner spherical connecting ring (5).

5. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 4, characterized in that: An interference fit is formed between the inner cylindrical surface of the outer spherical connecting ring (4) and the connecting shaft (3); An interference fit is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the inner spherical connecting ring (5) and the floating connecting piece (61).

6. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: A plurality of contact blocks (64) are provided on the other side wall of the floating clamp (62), and the contact blocks (64) are used to abut against the outer wall of the clamped part when clamping.

7. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contact block (64) is a ball joint contact block (64).

8. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are three claw mechanisms; There are two limiting rings (2) made of elastic material.

9. The omnidirectional floating claw according to claim 4, characterized in that: An interference fit is formed between the inner cylindrical surface of the outer spherical connecting ring (4) and the connecting shaft (3); The inner spherical connecting ring (5) is connected to the floating connecting piece (61) via a clamping spring.

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