Auxiliary distance adjusting device of laser cladding quenching machine

Abstract

The utility model provides an auxiliary distance adjusting device of a laser cladding quenching machine. The auxiliary distance adjusting device comprises a mounting bracket, a point laser generator, an image acquisition element and a microprocessor, the mounting bracket is fixedly arranged on a laser cladding head, and the point laser generator and the image acquisition element are rotatably arranged on the mounting bracket; the point laser generator is used for emitting a point laser beam; the microprocessor is electrically connected with the image acquisition unit and is used for acquiring position images of a spot laser beam spot emitted by the spot laser generator and a laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head laser on a part; and the microprocessor is used for detecting the position image acquired by the image acquisition element and analyzing and calculating position adjustment data of the laser cladding head. The distance adjusting device is used for accurately adjusting and controlling the position of the machined surface of the inverted part of the laser cladding head, so that the quenching effect and the quenching consistency of the part are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electrical automation, in particular to an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding quenching utilizes a laser to heat the material surface above the phase transition point. As the material cools, austenite transforms into martensite, hardening the surface. Laser cladding quenching relies on the metal's own thermal conductivity to cool, eliminating the need for cooling media such as water or oil. This makes for a clean and rapid quenching process. Compared to traditional quenching processes, laser cladding quenching offers a uniform, high-hardness hardened layer with minimal workpiece deformation. The depth of the heated layer and the heating trajectory are easily controlled, making it easy to automate and particularly suitable for localized quenching. However, during the programming and processing of laser cladding quenching machines, there is a certain deviation between the ideal digital model used in programming and the actual parts being processed. Consequently, the laser head controlled by the program written based on the digital model deviates from the processing position, causing the center of the laser spot emitted by the laser head to deviate from the workpiece's processing location. This results in poor quenching results and poor quenching consistency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine, comprising: a mounting bracket, a point laser generator, an image acquisition element and a microprocessor;

[0005] The mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the laser cladding head, and the point laser generator and the image acquisition element are rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket;

[0006] The point laser generator is used to emit a point laser beam;

[0007] The image acquisition element is used to acquire position images of the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator and the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head laser on the part;

[0008] The microprocessor is electrically connected to the image acquisition unit, and is used to detect the position image acquired by the image acquisition element and analyze and calculate the position adjustment data of the laser cladding head.

[0009] Furthermore, the image acquisition element is a camera.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting bracket is provided with a mounting plate, and the camera and the point laser generator are both fixedly arranged on the mounting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a first rotating seat is fixedly provided on a side of the mounting plate away from the camera, and the first rotating seat is rotatably provided at one end of a first rotating shaft, for driving the camera and the point laser generator to rotate around the first rotating shaft;

[0012] The first rotating shaft is arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0013] Preferably, a second rotating seat is fixedly provided at the other end of the first rotating shaft, and the second rotating seat is rotatably provided at one end of the second rotating shaft, for driving the camera and the point laser generator to rotate around the second rotating shaft;

[0014] The second rotating shaft is arranged along the vertical direction.

[0015] Furthermore, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on the other end of the second rotating shaft, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the laser cladding head.

[0016] Furthermore, a damping structure is provided between the first rotating shaft and the first rotating seat, and between the second rotating shaft and the second rotating seat, for achieving the hovering of the point laser generator and the camera during the rotation process.

[0017] There are many forms of damping structures, such as a friction plate arranged on the first rotating seat, the second rotating seat or the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, and the other end of the friction plate rests on the first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft or the first rotating seat, the second rotating seat, and the friction resistance is used to achieve the hovering of the point laser generator and the camera at any position.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a robot control cabinet, the microprocessor is fixedly arranged in the robot control cabinet; and the microprocessor is electrically connected to a control system arranged in the robot control cabinet, and the control system is used to adjust and control the spatial position of the laser cladding head.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] By setting a point laser generator on the laser cladding head, using camera shooting and microprocessor detection and analysis of the position relationship between the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator and the center of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head laser on the part surface, the position deviation of the laser cladding head is calculated, and the laser cladding head is adjusted to the optimal processing position through the robot control system, which solves the focus offset problem caused by the inconsistent distance between the laser cladding head and the workpiece, and also greatly improves the quenching quality of the part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram from another angle of an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a mounting bracket in an auxiliary distance adjustment device of a laser cladding quenching machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the optimal position of the laser cladding head of an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding and quenching machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding and quenching machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention, in which the laser cladding head is positioned upward;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding head positioned downward in an auxiliary distance adjustment device of a laser cladding quenching machine provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1-Mounting bracket; 11-Blocking base; 12-Mounting plate; 13-First rotating base; 14-First rotating shaft; 15-Second rotating base; 16-Second rotating shaft; 17-Connecting plate; 2-Point laser transmitter; 3-Camera; 4-Laser cladding head; 5-Parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0031] like Figure 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine, comprising: a mounting bracket 1, a point laser generator 2, an image acquisition element and a microprocessor;

[0032] The mounting bracket 1 is fixedly mounted on the laser cladding head 4, and the point laser generator 2 and the image acquisition element are rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 1;

[0033] The point laser generator 2 is used for emitting a point laser beam;

[0034] The image acquisition element is used to acquire the position images of the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator 2 and the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head 4 on the part 5;

[0035] The microprocessor is electrically connected to the image acquisition unit, and is used to detect the position image acquired by the image acquisition element and analyze and calculate the position adjustment data of the laser cladding head 4.

[0036] The image acquisition element is a camera 3 .

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the mounting bracket 1 is provided with a mounting plate 12 , and the camera 3 and the point laser generator 2 are both fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 12 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the camera 2 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 12 via the holder 11 .

[0039] A first rotating base 13 is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting plate 12 away from the camera 3. The first rotating base 13 is rotatably provided at one end of a first rotating shaft 14 and is used to drive the camera 3 and the point laser generator 2 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 14.

[0040] The first rotating shaft 14 is arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0041] The other end of the first rotating shaft 14 is fixedly provided with a second rotating base 15, and the second rotating base 15 is rotatably provided at one end of the second rotating shaft 16, and is used to drive the camera 3 and the point laser generator 2 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 16.

[0042] The second rotating shaft 16 is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0043] A connecting plate 17 is fixedly provided at the other end of the second rotating shaft 16 , and the connecting plate 17 is fixedly connected to the laser cladding head 4 .

[0044] Preferably, a damping structure is provided between the first rotating shaft 14 and the first rotating seat 13, and between the second rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating seat 15, for achieving the hovering of the point laser generator 2 and the camera 3 during the rotation process.

[0045] There are many forms of damping structures, such as a friction plate arranged on the first rotating seat 13, the second rotating seat 15 or the first rotating shaft 14, the second rotating shaft 16, and the other end of the friction plate rests on the first rotating shaft 14, the second rotating shaft 16 or the first rotating seat 13, the second rotating seat 15, and the friction resistance is used to achieve the hovering of the point laser generator 2 and the camera 3 at any position.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes a robot control cabinet (not shown), in which the microprocessor is fixedly arranged; and the microprocessor is electrically connected to a control system arranged in the robot control cabinet, and the control system is used to adjust and control the spatial position of the laser cladding head 4.

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the point laser beam emitted by the point laser generator 2 is 1 mm, and the laser beam generated by the laser cladding head 4 generates a circular spot with a diameter of about 9 mm on the surface of the part to be processed 5.

[0048] When the distance between the laser cladding head 4 and the workpiece is 15 mm, the processing effect is best. At this time, the spot of the point laser beam generated by the point laser generator 2 is exactly at the center of the spot of the laser beam emitted by the laser cladding head 4.

[0049] like Figure 5-6 As shown, when the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator 2 is located to the left of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head 4, the distance between the laser cladding head 4 and the workpiece is less than 15 mm; when the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator 2 is located to the right of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head 4, the distance between the laser cladding head 4 and the workpiece is greater than 15 mm.

[0050] Specifically, before processing, the laser cladding head 4 is first set at a position 15 mm away from the processing surface of the part 5, and then the first rotating seat 13 and the second rotating seat 15 are rotated to adjust the angle and position of the point laser generator 2 so that the spot of the point laser beam generated by the point laser generator 2 is exactly at the center of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head 4;

[0051] During the processing process, the camera 3 transmits the position images of the point laser beam spot generated by the point laser generator 2 and the center of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head 4 to the microprocessor in real time. When the microprocessor detects that the point laser beam spot deviates from the center of the laser beam spot generated by the laser cladding head 4, the microprocessor calculates the offset position of the point laser beam spot from the center of the laser beam spot of the laser cladding head 4 according to the offset position of the point laser beam spot from the center of the laser beam spot of the laser cladding head 4, and transmits the offset to the robot control system through an electrical signal. The robot control system adjusts the position of the laser cladding head 4 in time according to the electrical signal sent back by the microprocessor, so that the laser cladding head 4 is at the optimal processing distance, thereby ensuring the consistency of the quenching process of the part 5 and improving the quenching quality of the part 5.

[0052] The utility model provides an auxiliary distance adjustment device for a laser cladding quenching machine, which has the following advantages:

[0053] By setting a point laser generator on the laser cladding head, using camera shooting and microprocessor detection and analysis of the position relationship between the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator and the center of the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head laser on the part surface, the position deviation of the laser cladding head is calculated, and the laser cladding head is adjusted to the optimal processing position through the robot control system, which solves the focus offset problem caused by the inconsistent distance between the laser cladding head and the workpiece, and also greatly improves the quenching quality of the part.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding quenching machine auxiliary distance adjustment device, characterized in that , including: a mounting bracket, a point laser generator, an image acquisition element and a microprocessor; The mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the laser cladding head, and the point laser generator and the image acquisition element are rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket; The point laser generator is used to emit a point laser beam; The image acquisition element is used to acquire position images of the point laser beam spot emitted by the point laser generator and the laser beam spot emitted by the laser cladding head laser on the part; The microprocessor is electrically connected to the image acquisition element and is used to detect the position image acquired by the image acquisition element and analyze and calculate the position adjustment data of the laser cladding head.

2. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that , the image acquisition element is a camera.

3. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that The mounting bracket is provided with a mounting plate, and the camera and the point laser generator are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate.

4. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that A first rotating seat is fixedly provided on a side of the mounting plate away from the camera. The first rotating seat is rotatably provided at one end of a first rotating shaft, and is used to drive the camera and the point laser generator to rotate around the first rotating shaft; The first rotating shaft is arranged along the horizontal direction.

5. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that A second rotating seat is fixedly provided at the other end of the first rotating shaft, and the second rotating seat is rotatably provided at one end of the second rotating shaft for driving the camera and the point laser generator to rotate around the second rotating shaft; The second rotating shaft is arranged along the vertical direction.

6. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 5, characterized in that A connecting plate is fixedly provided at the other end of the second rotating shaft, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the laser cladding head.

7. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 5 is characterized in that A damping structure is provided between the first rotating shaft and the first rotating seat, and between the second rotating shaft and the second rotating seat, for achieving the hovering of the point laser generator and the camera during the rotation process.

8. The auxiliary distance adjustment device of the laser cladding quenching machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that , also includes a robot control cabinet, the microprocessor is fixedly arranged in the robot control cabinet; and the microprocessor is electrically connected to a control system arranged in the robot control cabinet, and the control system is used to control and adjust the spatial position of the laser cladding head.

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