Shock wave generating structure and shock wave generating device

Abstract

The utility model provides a shock wave generating structure and a shock wave generating device. The shock wave generating structure comprises a tubular component and at least two electrodes arranged on the tubular component, the at least two electrodes form at least one electrode pair, and the two electrodes in each electrode pair respectively comprise at least two discharge parts; one electrode in each electrode pair is provided with at least two discharge parts which are respectively opposite to at least two discharge parts of the other electrode so as to form at least two discharge part pairs, and a gap for generating shock waves is formed between the opposite discharge parts in the discharge part pairs; wherein at least two gaps are formed between the at least two discharge part pairs, and an included angle is formed between the at least two gaps. At least two discharge part pairs can bear ablation for a longer time, and each discharge part can be designed to be longer in the respective ablation direction, so that each discharge part pair can bear ablation for a longer time, and the service life of the whole structure can be longer naturally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a shock wave generating structure and a shock wave generating device. Background Art

[0002] The electrohydraulic effect has very wide applications in the industrial and medical device industries. Currently in the medical device industry, especially in interventional treatment, the shock waves generated by the electrohydraulic effect can have a cracking effect on hard crystalline tissues in the body without harming the body's soft tissues, thereby having a very good therapeutic effect on lesions such as stones and calcifications in the body. Therefore, it has a very broad development prospect.

[0003] Shock waves can usually be generated by utilizing the hydroelectric effect through a shock wave generating device. The shock wave generating device usually has a catheter and a shock wave generating structure thereon, and the shock wave generating structure can include an electrode pair. The shock wave generating structure usually requires a small gap between the two electrodes in the electrode pair. In a liquid environment, such a small gap can cause breakdown discharge to generate shock waves. When the shock wave generating structure is in use, a voltage is applied to the electrode pair, which can break down the gap between the two electrodes in the electrode pair, thereby discharging and generating shock waves in the liquid environment. However, during the use of the shock wave generating structure, the electrodes will be ablated, resulting in the existing shock wave generating structure generally having a short service life. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shock wave generating structure with a longer service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] To at least partially address the problems existing in the prior art, according to one aspect of the present invention, a shock wave generating structure is provided. The shock wave generating structure includes a tubular member and at least two electrodes disposed on the tubular member, the at least two electrodes forming at least one electrode pair, the two electrodes in each electrode pair each including at least two discharge portions, and one electrode in each electrode pair having at least two discharge portions that oppose the at least two discharge portions of the other electrode to form at least two discharge portion pairs, with gaps for generating shock waves formed between the opposing discharge portions in the discharge portion pairs; wherein the at least two discharge portion pairs form at least two gaps, and the at least two gaps have an angle between them.

[0005] In the shock wave generating structure provided by the present application, each electrode pair can form at least two discharge portion pairs, each discharge portion pair having a gap formed therein for generating shock waves. At least two discharge portion pairs in each electrode pair can participate in generating shock waves, and each discharge portion pair will experience ablation when participating in generating shock waves. Compared to a single discharge portion pair, at least two discharge portion pairs can withstand ablation for a longer period of time, thereby extending the service life of the overall structure. Furthermore, an angle is formed between the at least two gaps formed by the at least two discharge portion pairs, so that the directions of ablation on each of the at least two discharge portion pairs participating in generating shock waves have an angle between them. On this basis, each discharge portion can be designed to have a longer length in its respective ablation direction. This allows each discharge portion pair to withstand ablation for a longer period of time, and each electrode can also withstand ablation for a longer period of time, naturally extending the service life of the overall structure.

[0006] Illustratively, the at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair, and two opposing discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tubular member.

[0007] Exemplarily, the at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one axial discharge portion pair, and two opposing discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular member.

[0008] Exemplarily, the at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair and at least one axial discharge portion pair, the two discharge portions opposite to each other in the circumferential discharge portion pair are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tubular member and a first spacing is provided between the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair in the circumferential direction, and the two discharge portions opposite to each other in the axial discharge portion pair are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular member and a second spacing is provided between the two discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair in the axial direction; wherein the first spacing is not equal to the second spacing.

[0009] Exemplarily, the first spacing is smaller than the second spacing.

[0010] Exemplarily, the at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a first discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction of the tubular member and a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member, and the first discharge portion is connected to the second discharge portion and there is an angle between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion.

[0011] Exemplarily, the second discharge portion extends along the circumferential direction.

[0012] Exemplarily, the discharge portion surrounds the tubular member in a circumferential direction.

[0013] Illustratively, the discharge portion extends helically around the central axis of the tubular member.

[0014] Illustratively, along the radial direction of the tubular member, the second discharge part is connected to the outer side of the first discharge part.

[0015] Illustratively, at least one electrode pair includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and each of the first electrode and the second electrode includes two discharge parts.

[0016] Exemplarily, at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction of the tubular member; the at least two electrodes include a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, the first electrode includes a first discharge portion, the second electrode includes a second discharge portion, the third electrode includes a third discharge portion, the third discharge portion is located between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion, the first discharge portion has a first end face, the second discharge portion has a second end face, the third discharge portion has a third end face opposite to the first end face and a fourth end face opposite to the second end face, a gap is formed between the first end face and the third end face, and / or a gap is formed between the second end face and the fourth end face.

[0017] Illustratively, the first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the same side of the third electrode along the axial direction of the tubular member.

[0018] Illustratively, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located on both sides of the third electrode along the axial direction of the tubular member.

[0019] Illustratively, at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member; the third electrode includes a second third discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction, the first third discharge portion includes a first sub-discharge portion and a second sub-discharge portion, the first sub-discharge portion and the second sub-discharge portion are respectively located on both sides of the third second discharge portion along the axial direction, wherein the first sub-discharge portion is close to the first discharge portion and the third end face is formed on the first sub-discharge portion, and the second sub-discharge portion is close to the second discharge portion and the fourth end face is formed on the second sub-discharge portion.

[0020] Exemplarily, the third electrode includes a third discharge portion 2 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member, and the third discharge portion 1 is connected to the third discharge portion 2, wherein the third discharge portion 2 includes a first sub-discharge portion 2 and a second sub-discharge portion 2, and the third discharge portion 1 is located between the first sub-discharge portion 2 and the second sub-discharge portion 2.

[0021] Illustratively, at least two electrodes include at least one electrode group, each electrode group includes a second electrode, two first electrodes and two third electrodes, each electrode group includes two discharge groups, each discharge group includes a first discharge portion, a second discharge portion and a third discharge portion, in each electrode group, the second electrode includes two second discharge portions and a second discharge portion extending spirally around the central axis of the tubular member, the two second discharge portions are respectively connected to both ends of the second discharge portion along the axial direction of the tubular member, each of the two second discharge portions forms a discharge group with a first discharge portion and a third discharge portion, and the two discharge groups are located on both sides of the second discharge portion along the axial direction.

[0022] Exemplarily, at least one insulating protrusion is provided on the tubular body of the tubular member protruding outward in the radial direction of the tubular member, and the opposite discharge parts of at least one discharge part pair are respectively located on opposite sides of the insulating protrusion and are separated by the insulating protrusion to form a gap for generating shock waves.

[0023] Exemplarily, the tubular body of the tubular member has an outer side wall, the insulating protrusion is arranged on the outer side wall, and the electrode pair is arranged on the outer side wall.

[0024] Exemplarily, the cross-sectional shape of the tubular member is circular or polygonal.

[0025] Exemplarily, the insulating protrusion is formed by a tube extrusion integral molding process.

[0026] Exemplarily, a breakdown portion is provided on the insulating protrusion, and the gap is formed on the breakdown portion.

[0027] Exemplarily, at least one electrode pair includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode includes a first discharge portion, the second electrode includes a second discharge portion, the first discharge portion has a first end face, the second discharge portion has a second end face opposite to the first end face, and a gap is formed between the first end face and the second end face.

[0028] Exemplarily, a first protrusion protruding toward the second end surface is provided on the first end surface, and at least a portion of the gap is formed between the first protrusion and the second end surface.

[0029] Exemplarily, a second protrusion protruding toward the first end surface is provided on the second end surface, and at least a portion of the gap is formed between the second protrusion and the first end surface.

[0030] Exemplarily, the gap includes multiple sub-gaps arranged in a first direction, each of the multiple sub-gaps has a discharge interval in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the multiple discharge intervals are also arranged along the first direction, and the multiple discharge intervals decrease one by one along the first direction.

[0031] Exemplarily, the gap includes a plurality of sub-gaps arranged in a first direction, at least two of the plurality of sub-gaps are offset in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0032] According to another aspect of the present invention, a shock wave generating device is provided, which includes a conduit and any one of the shock wave generating structures described above, wherein the tubular component is formed on the conduit.

[0033] Exemplarily, the catheter includes at least two sections, and the tubular member is connected between the at least two sections of the catheter.

[0034] The Summary of the Utility Model introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further described in detail in the Detailed Description of the Utility Model. This Summary of the Utility Model does not intend to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor does it intend to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0035] The advantages and features of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The following drawings of the present invention are used as part of the present invention for understanding the present invention. The drawings show the embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions, and are used to explain the principles of the present invention. In the drawings,

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a shock wave generating device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2A It is a front perspective view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2B for Figure 2A A rear perspective view of the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0040] Figure 2C for Figure 2A A perspective view of the first electrode in the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0041] Figure 2D for Figure 2A A perspective view of the second electrode in the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0042] Figure 2E for Figure 2A A perspective view of the third electrode in the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0043] Figure 3AIt is a front perspective view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3B for Figure 3A A rear perspective view of the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0045] Figure 4A It is a front perspective view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4B for Figure 4A A rear perspective view of the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0047] Figure 4C for Figure 4A A perspective view of the third electrode in the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0048] Figure 5A It is a front perspective view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5B for Figure 5A A rear perspective view of the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0050] Figure 5C for Figure 5A A perspective view of the third electrode in the shock wave generating structure shown;

[0051] Figure 6A 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6B for Figure 6A Cross-sectional view of the shock wave generating structure shown (II);

[0053] Figure 7A is a perspective view of a tubular member according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7B is a perspective view of a tubular member according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8A is a cross-sectional view of a tubular member according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8B is a cross-sectional view of a tubular member according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 is a front view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 is a front view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 11 is a front view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

[0060] Figure 12 It is a front view of a shock wave generating structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0062] 10. Shock wave generating device; 11. Shock wave generating structure; 100. Electrode; 110, 110', first electrode; 111, 111', first end surface; 1111, first protrusion; 112, 112', first discharge portion 1; 113, 113', first discharge portion 2; 120. Second electrode; 121, 121', second end surface; 1211, second protrusion; 122, 122', second discharge portion 1; 123, second discharge portion 2; 130, 130', third electrode; 131, 131', third end face; 132, 132', fourth end face; 133, 133', third discharge part; 1331, first sub-discharge part; 1332, second sub-discharge part; 134, 134', third discharge part 2; 1341, first sub-discharge part 2; 1342, second sub-discharge part 2; 141, insulating protrusion; 1411, breakdown portion; 200, tubular member; 300, gap; 310, sub-gap; 12, catheter; 13, balloon; 14, wire; 15, shock wave controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In the following description, numerous details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following description merely illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention, and that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features well known in the art have not been described in detail.

[0064] According to one aspect of the present invention, a shock wave generating structure is provided. The shock wave generating structure can be applied to any suitable device or equipment, including but not limited to a shock wave generating device. Therefore, according to another aspect of the present invention, see Figure 1A shock wave generating device 10 is provided. The shock wave generating device 10 may include a catheter 12, a balloon 13, and any shock wave generating structure 11 described below. The shock wave generating device 10 may be connected to a shock wave controller 15, which may be a high-voltage pulse generator. The shock wave controller 15 may have a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The shock wave generating structure 11 may be connected to the shock wave controller 15 via a wire 14.

[0065] See also Figure 2A and Figure 2B The shock wave generating structure 11 may include a tubular member 200. Typically, the shock wave generating device 10 may further include a balloon 13 surrounding the outer periphery of the shock wave generating structure 11. The shock wave generating structure 11 may be connected to the catheter 12 via the tubular member 200 and located within the balloon 13. The tubular member 200 may be integrally formed and connected to the catheter 12. In this case, the tubular member 200 may be considered to be formed on the catheter 12. For example, the tubular member 200 may be a longer tubular section. In particular, in some embodiments, the tubular member 200 in the form of a longer tubular section may replace the catheter 12. The tubular member 200 may also be formed on the catheter 12 by being sheathed over the catheter 12. The tubular member 200 can also be formed separately from the conduit 12, wherein the conduit 12 can include at least two sections. The tubular member 200 can be connected between the at least two sections of the conduit 12 by various means such as welding, clamping, or threading. For example, the tubular member 200 can be a shorter section, and there can be one or more tubular members 200. One or more tubular members 200 in the form of shorter sections can be connected between the at least two sections of the conduit 12. The two sections of the conduit 12 can be connected at both ends of a tubular member 200, or multiple tubular members 200 can be connected together first, with the two sections of the conduit 12 connected at both ends of the whole. The tubular member 200 can be made of a flexible material such as polyamide, polyether block polyamide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone, or a rigid plastic such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyethylene, or polymaleic anhydride ester. When the shock wave generating structure is used in a shock wave generating device, the tubular member 200 is preferably made of a flexible material.

[0066] It is agreed that the axial direction of the tubular member 200 (XX direction in the figure) is a direction parallel to the central axis, the circumferential direction of the tubular member 200 (YY direction in the figure) is a direction of rotation around the center of the circle along the outer circumference on the cross section of the tubular member 200, and the radial direction of the tubular member 200 is a direction perpendicular to the circumferential direction YY on the cross section of the tubular member 200, that is, a direction extending along any diameter on the cross section of the tubular member 200.

[0067] See also Figure 2C 、 Figure 2D and Figure 2EThe shock wave generating structure 11 may further include at least two electrodes 100 disposed on the tubular member 200. The at least two electrodes 100 may form at least one electrode pair. The electrode pair may include a first electrode 110 and a second electrode 120. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 herein are merely distinguished for ease of description and are not intended to be limiting. The electrode 100 may be a conductor in various forms. For example, the electrode 100 may be made of metal materials such as stainless steel, platinum-iridium alloy, nickel-titanium alloy, gold, silver, copper, and aluminum. Preferably, the electrode 100 may be made of a metal tube by cutting or the like, or may be made of a metal material by forging, casting, or the like. The electrode 100 may also be made of non-metallic materials such as graphite. Preferably, the electrode 100 may be made of flexible materials such as graphite by rolling, cutting, and curling, which may enhance the flexibility of the shock wave generating structure 11. In particular, when the electrode 100 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel, platinum-iridium alloy, or gold, such an electrode 100 can have a developing effect during interventional clinical surgery. In this case, the electrode 100 can replace the developing ring on a conventional catheter. When the object being observed is irradiated with X-rays or the catheter 12 is positioned by various other means, the position of the electrode 100 having a developing effect will be very clear in the imaging result. It is only necessary to find the position of the electrode 100 to position the catheter 12. Therefore, a developing ring does not need to be set on the catheter 12 equipped with such an electrode 100, and the rigid components set on the catheter 12 can be fewer, and the flexibility of the catheter 12 can also be better. The electrode 100 can be connected to an external shock wave controller 15. The shock wave controller 15 can be a high-voltage pulse generating host. The shock wave controller 15 can have a positive pole and a negative pole. The electrode 100 can be connected to the positive pole or the negative pole of the external shock wave controller 15 respectively. The electrode 100 can be attached to the tubular member 200. For example, the electrode 100 can be provided with a discharge portion, which can be arranged in an arc around the tubular member 200 or an annular sleeve around the tubular member 200. This will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The electrode 100 can also be connected to the tubular member 200 by forging, gluing, welding, or other various methods. When the electrode is welded to the tubular member 200, it can be heat-melt welding or laser welding. The at least two electrodes 100 can also be three electrodes 100 forming two electrode pairs. For example, if the three electrodes 100 include a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, and a third electrode 130, the first electrode 110 and the third electrode 130 can be considered to form one electrode pair, and the second electrode 120 and the third electrode 130 can be considered to form another electrode pair. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be connected to an external shock wave controller 15, and the third electrode 130 can be understood as a common electrode between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120. This will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0068] Each of the two electrodes 100 in each electrode pair may include at least two discharge portions, and one electrode 100 in each electrode pair may have at least two discharge portions that are opposite to the at least two discharge portions of the other electrode 100, thereby forming at least two discharge portion pairs. The discharge portion may be a portion of the electrode 100 that participates in the discharge and generates the shock wave. The discharge portion may be a block-shaped portion of the electrode 100 or may be formed on the end surface of the electrode 100. Figure 2A As shown, the second electrode 120 and the third electrode 130 can form an electrode pair. The second electrode 120 can have two discharge sections, which can be a first second discharge section 122 and a second second discharge section 123. The first second discharge section 122 and the second second discharge section 123 can each be a block-shaped portion of the second electrode 120. The third electrode 130 can have two discharge sections, which can be a third third discharge section 135 and a fourth third discharge section 136. The third third discharge section 135 and the fourth third discharge section 136 can be formed on the end surface of the third electrode 130. The first second discharge section 122 can be opposite the third third discharge section 135, and the second second discharge section 123 can be opposite the third fourth discharge section 136. Thus, the first second discharge section 122 and the third third discharge section 135 form a discharge section pair, and the second second discharge section 123 and the third fourth discharge section 136 form a discharge section pair. Thus, the electrode pair formed by the second electrode 120 and the third electrode 130 can have two discharge section pairs.

[0069] A gap 300 for generating shock waves can be formed between the discharge parts relative to each other in the discharge part pair. That is to say, a gap 300 for generating shock waves can be formed in a discharge part pair. One electrode 100 in an electrode pair has two discharge parts, and the other electrode 100 has two discharge parts respectively opposite to the two discharge parts. In this way, two discharge part pairs are formed in one electrode pair, and two gaps 300 for generating shock waves can also be formed. It is worth noting that the gap 300 mentioned here for generating shock waves means that the gap 300 can undergo breakdown under the action of a strong voltage. In such a case Figure 2AIn the illustrated embodiment, the second discharge section 122 may be opposite the third discharge section 135, and together they may form a discharge section pair. Within the discharge section pair formed by the second discharge section 122 and the third discharge section 135, a gap 300 for generating a shock wave is formed between the second discharge section 122 and the third discharge section 135. The second discharge section 123 may be opposite the third discharge section 136, and together they may form a discharge section pair. Within the discharge section pair formed by the second discharge section 123 and the third discharge section 136, a gap 300 for generating a shock wave is formed between the second discharge section 123 and the third discharge section 136.

[0070] In such Figure 2B In the illustrated embodiment, the first electrode 110 and the third electrode 130 may form an electrode pair. The first electrode 110 may have two discharge sections, namely, a first discharge section 112 and a second discharge section 113. The first discharge section 112 and the second discharge section 113 may be formed on the end surfaces of the first electrode 110. The third electrode 130 may have two discharge sections, namely, a third discharge section 133 and a third discharge section 134. The third discharge section 133 may be formed on the end surface of the third electrode 130, and the third discharge section 134 may be block-shaped. The first discharge section 112 can be opposite the third discharge section 133, and the first second discharge section 113 can be opposite the third discharge section 134. Thus, the first discharge section 112 and the third discharge section 133 form a discharge section pair, and the first second discharge section 113 and the third discharge section 134 form a discharge section pair. Thus, two discharge section pairs are formed in the electrode pair formed by the first electrode 110 and the third electrode 130. A gap 300 for generating a shock wave can be formed between the first discharge section 112 and the third discharge section 133, and a gap 300 for generating a shock wave can be formed between the first discharge section 113 and the third discharge section 134. Thus, two discharge section pairs are formed in the electrode pair formed by the first electrode 110 and the third electrode 130, and two gaps 300 corresponding to the two discharge section pairs are formed.

[0071] See also Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the third electrode 130 may actually have four discharge parts, namely, a third discharge part 133, a third discharge part 2 134, a third discharge part 3 135 and a third discharge part 4 136. This application does not limit the corresponding relationship between the electrode pairs and the electrodes 100. Figure 2A and Figure 2BThe illustrated embodiment shows an embodiment in which three electrodes form two electrode pairs, wherein the third electrode 130 forms an electrode pair with both the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120. In other words, one electrode 100 in an electrode pair can also form a new electrode pair with the other electrodes 100. Similarly, one discharge portion in a discharge portion pair can also form a new discharge portion pair with the other discharge portions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] It can be understood that, since the discharge portion always participates in the discharge on the end face when discharging, even for a discharge portion in the form of a block, the discharge portion can be understood as being formed on the end face. It is just that in the process of the electrode 100 discharging to generate a shock wave, the discharge portion will be ablated, and the ablation will cause the end face of the discharge to change continuously. For a discharge portion in the form of a block, it can be considered that the discharge portion is ablated and the discharge portion gradually becomes smaller; for a discharge portion formed on the end face, it can be considered that the end face forming the discharge portion is dynamic, and as ablation occurs, the end face forming the discharge portion always remains an end face that can participate in the discharge and generate a shock wave. It can be considered that the discharge portion mentioned here can refer to the part of the electrode 100 that participates in the discharge and generates a shock wave, and the specific form of the discharge portion is not limited. Based on this, it can be considered that the discharge portion is formed on the end face of the electrode 100, see Figure 2A and Figure 2B It can be considered that the first discharge part 112 and the first discharge part 2 113 are respectively formed on the end surface of the first electrode 110, the second discharge part 122 and the second discharge part 2 123 are respectively formed on the end surface of the second electrode 120, and the third discharge part 133, the third discharge part 2 134, the third discharge part 3 135 and the third discharge part 4 136 are respectively formed on the end surface of the third electrode 130.

[0073] At least two discharge portion pairs are formed with at least two gaps 300, and an angle is formed between the at least two gaps 300. In an embodiment not shown, taking the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 forming an electrode pair as an example, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can each have a first discharge portion and a second discharge portion. The first electrode 110 can have a first discharge portion 112 and a first discharge portion 113, and the second electrode 120 can include a second discharge portion 122 and a second discharge portion 123. Based on this, the first discharge portion 112 can be opposite the second discharge portion 122, and the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 can form a discharge portion pair; the first discharge portion 113 can be opposite the second discharge portion 123, and the first discharge portion 113 and the second discharge portion 123 can form a discharge portion pair. Furthermore, the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 113 may form an angle between them, meaning that their extension directions may differ. Similarly, the second discharge portion 122 and the second discharge portion 123 may form an angle between them, meaning that their extension directions may differ. Thus, the gap 300 formed between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122, as well as the gap 300 formed between the first discharge portion 113 and the second discharge portion 123, may form an angle between them.

[0074] When the conditions for generating a shock wave are met, a shock wave will be generated at the smallest gap 300. The sizes of the gaps 300 formed by at least two different discharge portion pairs can be different. In this case, the shock wave will be generated first at the smaller gap 300. As the shock wave is generated at the smaller gap 300, the two discharge portions in the discharge portion pair that forms the smaller gap 300 will be ablated, causing the gap 300 between the two discharge portions to become larger and larger, until the gap 300 formed in the other discharge portion pair becomes a smaller gap 300. The location where the shock wave is generated will change, and a shock wave will be generated at the gap 300 formed in the other discharge portion pair. This process repeats itself, and at least two discharge portion pairs can alternately switch to participate in the generation of shock waves. At least two discharge portion pairs in each electrode pair alternately switch to participate in the generation of shock waves. Each discharge portion pair will ablate when participating in the generation of shock waves. By alternating at least two discharge portion pairs, the electrode pair as a whole can withstand ablation for a longer period of time, and the service life of the overall structure can also be extended. The sizes of the gaps 300 formed by the at least two discharge portion pairs can also be the same. In this case, discharges can be simultaneously performed at the at least two gaps 300, or discharges can be randomly performed at the at least two gaps 300. In this way, at least two discharge portion pairs in each electrode pair can participate in generating shock waves, and ablation will occur when each discharge portion pair participates in generating shock waves. Compared with one discharge portion pair, at least two discharge portion pairs can withstand ablation for a longer time, and the service life of the overall structure can also be longer. In other words, the sizes of the gaps 300 formed by at least two different discharge portion pairs can be different or the same, and both can extend the service life of the overall structure. On this basis, since there is an angle between the at least two gaps 300 formed by the at least two discharge portion pairs, it can be considered that the directions in which ablation occurs in the at least two discharge portion pairs are different. Through reasonable structural design, the two electrodes 100 in an electrode pair can withstand ablation for a longer time, which further greatly extends the service life.

[0075] Compared to existing shock wave generating structures, the discharge portion of the electrodes involved in generating shock waves is typically arranged in a circular or arc-shaped manner along the circumference of a tubular member. The longest length of this discharge portion is the circumference of the tubular member. However, the tubular member has a smaller diameter and its circumference is often shorter. After prolonged ablation of such an electrode pair, due to excessive ablation of the discharge portions of the two electrodes, a gap cannot be formed between the discharge portions of the two electrodes to generate shock waves. Consequently, the service life of such shock wave generating structures is generally short.

[0076] In the shock wave generating structure 11 provided in the present application, each electrode pair can form at least two discharge portion pairs, each of which has a gap 300 formed therein for generating shock waves. At least two discharge portion pairs in each electrode pair can participate in generating shock waves, and each discharge portion pair will experience ablation when participating in the generation of shock waves. Compared to a single discharge portion pair, at least two discharge portion pairs can withstand ablation for a longer period of time, thereby extending the service life of the overall structure. Furthermore, the at least two gaps 300 formed by the at least two discharge portion pairs have an angle therebetween, so that the directions of ablation occurring in each of the at least two discharge portion pairs participating in generating shock waves have an angle therebetween. Based on this, each discharge portion can be designed to have a longer length in its respective ablation direction. This allows each discharge portion pair to withstand ablation for a longer period of time, and each electrode 100 can also withstand ablation for a longer period of time, naturally extending the service life of the overall structure.

[0077] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the at least two discharge portion pairs may include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair. The two opposite discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair may be arranged along the circumferential direction YY of the tubular member. Figure 2A As shown, the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 can form a circumferential discharge portion pair, and the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 can be considered to be arranged along the circumferential direction YY. Figure 2B As shown in FIG. 1 , the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 can form a circumferential discharge portion pair. The first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 can be considered to be arranged along the circumferential direction YY. The two discharge portions forming the circumferential discharge portion pair are arranged along the circumferential direction YY, which means that there is an arc line extending along the circumferential direction YY that can simultaneously pass through the two discharge portions. It is worth noting that, although Figure 2A As shown, the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 extend along the axial direction XX. Figure 2BAs shown, the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 extend along the axial direction XX, but the discharge portions arranged along the circumferential direction YY are not strictly limited to extending along the axial direction XX. The discharge portions arranged along the circumferential direction YY can each extend at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY. The discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY here means that the discharge portion can extend along the axial direction XX or extend obliquely around the central axis of the tubular member 200. Since the discharge portion extends at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY, the discharge portion can be set to a suitable length in its own extension direction, so that the length of the discharge portion that can participate in generating the shock wave can be sufficiently long. In existing shock wave generating structures, the discharge portion on the electrode that participates in generating the shock wave is usually arranged in a ring or arc shape along the circumferential direction on the tubular member. The longest length of such a discharge portion is also the circumference length of the tubular member. The discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY in the present application can obviously be designed to any suitable length, and the length of such a discharge portion in its own extension direction can be much greater than the cross-sectional circumference length of the tubular member 200. In addition, the discharge portion participating in the generation of shock waves is arranged along the circumferential direction YY. After ablation is formed on the discharge portion, it can be considered that the ablation direction is in the extension direction of the discharge portion. Therefore, on the basis that the discharge portion can be long enough in its own extension direction, such a discharge portion can be reasonably designed to still participate in the generation of shock waves after a long period of ablation. As a result, the service life of such a shock wave generating structure can be longer. For example, Figure 2A As shown, the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 can both extend to a sufficiently long length along the axial direction XX, so that the circumferential discharge portion pair formed by the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 can withstand ablation for a longer time; Figure 2B As shown, the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 can both extend to a sufficiently long length along the axial direction XX. In this way, the circumferential discharge portion pair formed by the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 can withstand ablation for a longer period of time.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the at least two discharge portion pairs may include at least one axial discharge portion pair, and the two opposite discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair may be arranged along the axial direction XX of the tubular member. Figure 2A As shown, the second discharge portion 123 and the third discharge portion 136 can form an axial discharge portion pair, and the second discharge portion 123 and the third discharge portion 136 can be considered to be arranged along the circumferential direction YY. Figure 2BAs shown, the first second discharge portion 113 and the third second discharge portion 134 can form an axial discharge portion pair. The first second discharge portion 113 and the third second discharge portion 134 can be considered to be arranged along the axial direction XX. The two discharge portions forming the axial discharge portion pair are arranged along the axial direction XX, which means that there is an arc line extending along the axial direction XX that can pass through the two discharge portions at the same time. It is worth noting that although Figure 2A As shown, the second discharge portion 123 and the third discharge portion 136 extend along the circumferential direction YY. Figure 2B As shown, the first second discharge portion 113 and the third second discharge portion 134 extend along the circumferential direction YY. However, this is not strictly limited to the discharge portions arranged along the axial direction XX. The discharge portions arranged along the axial direction XX may extend at a certain angle to the axial direction XX. The discharge portions extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX may be arc-shaped or annular and extend along the circumferential direction YY, or may extend obliquely or spirally around the central axis of the tubular member 200. Such discharge portions can stabilize the electrode 100 mounted on the tubular member 200. In particular, when such discharge portions are block-shaped, they can provide a more stable mounting of the electrode 100 on the tubular member 200.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2A and Figure 2BThe at least two discharge portion pairs may include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair and at least one axial discharge portion pair. The two opposing discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair may be arranged along the circumferential direction YY of the tubular member, and a first spacing (shown as spacing L1) may be provided between the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair along the circumferential direction YY. The two opposing discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair may be arranged along the axial direction XX of the tubular member, and a second spacing (shown as spacing L2) may be provided between the two discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair along the axial direction XX. The first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2 may not be equal; the first spacing L1 may be greater than the second spacing L2, or the first spacing L1 may be less than the second spacing L2. The first spacing L1 may be the minimum spacing between the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair along the circumferential direction YY; the second spacing may be the minimum spacing between the two discharge portions in each axial discharge portion pair along the axial direction XX. When a breakdown discharge in a liquid environment generates a shock wave, it tends to occur at the point where the spacing between the discharge portions of the two electrodes 100 is minimum. When the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2 are not equal, the shock wave will first be generated at the gap 300 of the smaller of the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2. Thus, through reasonable design, the location where the shock wave is first generated can be controlled. Furthermore, based on the size relationship between the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2, the ablation process occurring in the circumferential discharge portion pair and the axial discharge portion pair can be estimated. Based on this, the location where the shock wave is generated and the change in the location where the shock wave is generated can be estimated. In some embodiments, the first spacing L1 and the second spacing L2 can also be equal. In this case, discharge can occur simultaneously in the axial and circumferential directions, or axial and circumferential discharge can be random.

[0080] For example, the first spacing L1 can be smaller than the second spacing L2. The first spacing L1 is smaller than the second spacing L2, which ensures that the gap 300 between the discharge portions of the two electrodes 100 in the circumferential direction YY first participates in generating the shock wave, rather than the gap 300 between the discharge portions of the two electrodes 100 in the axial direction XX first participating in generating the shock wave. In other words, the gap 300 between the discharge portions of the two electrodes 100 that first participates in generating the shock wave can be the size of the first spacing L1. Because the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair can each extend at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY, the length of the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair along their own extension direction can be much greater than the length of the two discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair along their own extension direction. After the discharge portion is set to an appropriate length in its own extension direction, the discharge portion can withstand ablation for a longer time. In other words, the circumferential discharge portion pair can withstand ablation for a longer time than the axial discharge portion pair. The first spacing L1 is smaller than the second spacing L2, so that the shock wave generating structure 11 can continue to generate shock waves in a relatively stable area for a period of time after initial use, when the circumferential discharge portion participates in the discharge and generates shock waves. The difference between the first spacing and the second spacing can be relatively large, for example, the second spacing is 1.5 times or 2 times the first spacing, to further ensure that the gap 300 between the discharge portions of the two electrodes 100 in the circumferential direction YY first participates in generating shock waves.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 2C 、 Figure 2D and Figure 2E , the at least two discharge parts on the electrode 100 may include a discharge part 1 extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY of the tubular member 200 and a discharge part 2 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. The discharge part 1 may be connected to the discharge part 2 and there may be an angle between the discharge part 1 and the discharge part 2. The discharge part 1 extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY mentioned here means that the discharge part 1 may extend along the axial direction XX or may extend obliquely around the central axis of the tubular member 200. The discharge part 2 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200 mentioned here means that the discharge part 2 may extend along the circumferential direction YY. In this case, the discharge part 2 may be arranged in an arc shape or an annular shape extending along the circumferential direction YY. The discharge part 2 may also extend obliquely or spirally around the central axis of the tubular member 200. As Figure 2A As shown, the second electrode 120 may include a second discharge portion 122 and a second discharge portion 123. Figure 2BAs shown, the third electrode 130 may include a third discharge portion 133 and a third discharge portion 134, and the first electrode 110 may include a first discharge portion 112 and a first discharge portion 113. The opposing discharge portions 1 may form a circumferential discharge portion pair, for example, Figure 2B As shown, the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 can form a circumferential discharge portion pair; the two opposite discharge portions can form an axial discharge portion pair, for example, Figure 2B As shown, the first discharge portion 113 and the third discharge portion 134 can form an axial discharge portion pair. Figure 2A As shown, the third electrode 130 may further include a third discharge portion 3 135 and a third discharge portion 4 136. However, in fact, the third discharge portion 3 135 may also belong to the discharge portion 1, and the third discharge portion 4 136 may also belong to the discharge portion 2. Here, the "discharge portion 3" and "discharge portion 4" are only used for distinction and do not have any limitation. That is to say, in the example Figure 2A and Figure 2B In the illustrated embodiment, the third electrode 130 can be considered to have two first discharge sections and two second discharge sections. The first discharge section, which extends at an angle to the circumferential direction YY, can obviously be designed to any suitable length. The length of such a first discharge section in its own extension direction can be significantly greater than the cross-sectional circumference of the tubular member 200. After ablation occurs on the first discharge section, the ablation direction can be considered to be in the direction of the first discharge section's extension. Therefore, if the first discharge section is sufficiently long in its own extension direction, a properly designed first discharge section can still participate in generating shock waves even after prolonged ablation. This extends the service life of such a shock wave generating structure. The second discharge section, which extends at an angle to the axial direction XX, can stabilize the electrode 100 mounted on the tubular member 200. Especially when such a second discharge section is designed in a block-like shape, this can provide a more stable mounting of the electrode 100 on the tubular member 200. Clearly, an electrode 100 comprising both the first and second discharge sections can not only withstand prolonged ablation but also be more stably mounted on the tubular member 200. Such a shock wave generating structure 11 can not only achieve a longer service life, but also better overall stability.

[0082] For example, see Figure 2A 、 Figure 2B 、 Figure 2C 、 Figure 2D and Figure 2E, the second discharge portion can extend along the circumferential direction YY. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the first electrode 110 may include a first second discharge portion 113, the second electrode 120 may include a second second discharge portion 123, and the third electrode 130 may include a third second discharge portion 134. The first second discharge portion 113, the second second discharge portion 123, and the third second discharge portion 134 may all extend along the circumferential direction YY. The second discharge portion extending along the circumferential direction YY can further improve the stability of the electrode 100 mounted on the tubular member 200, preventing the electrode 100 from falling off the tubular member 200 during use of the shock wave generating structure 11. Although the first second discharge portion 113 is considered to be formed on the end surface, it should be understood that the first second discharge portion 113 is not a single surface, but rather is formed by a portion of the first electrode 110 near the end surface. When the first second discharge portion 113 extends along the circumferential direction YY, at least a portion of the first electrode 110 extends along the circumferential direction YY. This portion of the first electrode 110 forming the first second discharge portion 113 can ensure a more stable placement of the first electrode 110 on the tubular member 200. The circumferential projection of the second discharge portion 113 can be no less than 1 / 3 of the circumference. In other words, the central angle corresponding to the circumferential projection of the second discharge portion can be no less than 120°. This can further improve the stability of the electrode 100 when placed on the tubular member 200. Furthermore, if the second discharge portion includes other electrode structures (e.g., the electrode portion of the first discharge portion in this direction), the combined circumferential projection of the second discharge portion and the other electrode structures can be no less than 1 / 3 of the circumference. This ensures the stability of the electrode 100 when placed on the tubular member 200. In addition, if the circumferential projection of the electrode structure in the extension direction of the second discharge part is less than 1 / 3 of the circumference, the second discharge part may not be fixed by the structure. In this case, the electrode can be fixed by welding, bonding or other various forms.

[0083] Further, see Figure 2A and Figure 2B The second discharge portion can surround the tubular member 200 along the circumferential direction YY. As shown in the figure, the third electrode 130 can include a second third discharge portion 134 that surrounds the tubular member 200 along the circumferential direction YY. The second third discharge portion 134 can be annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200. Such a second discharge portion can further ensure that the electrode 100 is more stably positioned on the tubular member 200. The annular second discharge portion can also provide a positioning function for the first discharge portion on the electrode 100. When the first discharge portion is connected to the second discharge portion annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200, it can be more stable and less likely to shake.

[0084] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 3A and Figure 3B At least a portion of the electrode 100 can extend spirally around the central axis of the tubular member 200. In the illustrated embodiment, a portion of the second electrode 120 extends spirally around the central axis of the tubular member 200. The second electrode 120 is connected to a second discharge portion 122 and a second discharge portion 122' at both ends along the axial direction XX, respectively. A gap 300 for generating shock waves is formed between the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 of the third electrode 130, and a gap 300 for generating shock waves is formed between the second discharge portion 122' and the third discharge portion 135' of the third electrode 130'. The second electrode 120 effectively forms an electrode pair with both the third electrode 130 and the third electrode 130'. The first electrode 110, the third electrode 130, the second electrode 120, the third electrode 130', and the first electrode 110' are actually five electrodes 100, forming four electrode pairs. The first electrode 110' can be connected to the positive electrode of the shock wave controller 15, and the first electrode 110 can be connected to the negative electrode of the shock wave controller 15. A voltage can exist between the first end surface 111' and the third end surface 131', so that a current can be generated on the third electrode 130' from the third end surface 131' toward the fourth end surface 132'. As the charge on the fourth end surface 132' accumulates, a voltage can also be formed between the fourth end surface 132' and the second end surface 121'. As a result, a current can be formed on the second electrode 120 from the second end surface 121' toward the second end surface 121. Similarly, a voltage can be formed between the second end surface 121 and the fourth end surface 132. Similarly, a voltage can also be formed between the third end surface 131 and the first end surface 111. Since the first electrode 110 is connected to the negative electrode of the shock wave controller 15, shock waves can be generated at each gap 300 in the shock wave generating structure 11. The three electrodes 100 forming two electrode pairs are considered a group of electrodes 100. Specifically, the first electrode 110, the second electrode 120, and the third electrode 130 constitute a group of electrodes 100, and the first electrode 110', the second electrode 120, and the third electrode 130' constitute a group of electrodes 100. The portion of the second electrode 120 that spirally extends around the central axis of the tubular member 200 can be understood as functioning as a conductor, and can be considered to connect the two groups of electrodes 100 in series. At least a portion of the electrode 100 spirally extends around the central axis of the tubular member 200, which improves the fixation of the electrode 100 and makes it less likely that the electrode 100 will fall off the tubular member 200.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second discharge part can be connected to the outside of the first discharge part along the radial direction of the tubular member 200. Such a second discharge part can press the first discharge part against the outer surface of the tubular member 200, thereby making the position of the first discharge part on the tubular member 200 more stable.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one electrode pair may include a first electrode 110 and a second electrode 120. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 may each include two discharge sections. For example, the first electrode 110 may include a first second discharge section 113, and the second electrode 120 may include a second second discharge section 123. For a shock wave generating structure 11 including two electrodes 100, each of the two electrodes 100 may include two discharge sections. Since the two discharge sections extending along the circumferential direction YY can further improve the stability of the electrodes 100 when disposed on the tubular member 200, both electrodes 100 can be more stably disposed on the tubular member 200.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present invention, the at least two discharge sections on each electrode in each electrode pair may include a first discharge section extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction YY of the tubular member 200. The at least two electrodes 100 may include a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, and a third electrode 130. The first, second, and third electrodes 110, 120, 130 are merely distinguishable and are not specifically limited. The number of first, second, and third electrodes 110, 120, 130 may be any number. The first electrode 110 may include a first discharge section 112, the second electrode 120 may include a second discharge section 122, and the third electrode 130 may include a third discharge section 133 and a third discharge section 135. The third discharge section 133 and the third discharge section 135 may both be considered the first discharge section on the third electrode 130. The third discharge section 135 is distinguished from the third discharge section 133 only and is not limited in any way. The third discharge section 135 may also be considered one discharge section. The third discharge portion 133 and / or the third discharge portion 135 can be located between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122. The first discharge portion 112 can have a first end surface 111, and the second discharge portion 122 can have a second end surface 121. The third discharge portion 133 can have a third end surface 131 opposite to the first end surface 111. The third discharge portion 135 can have a fourth end surface 132 opposite to the second end surface 121. A gap 300 can be formed between the first end surface 111 and the third end surface 131, and / or the gap 300 can be formed between the second end surface 121 and the fourth end surface 132. For example, the first electrode 110 can be connected to the positive electrode of the external shock wave controller 15, the second electrode 120 can be connected to the negative electrode of the external shock wave controller 15, and the third electrode 130 can be disconnected from the external shock wave controller 15. After the shock wave controller 15 is turned on, a voltage exists between the first end surface 111 of the first electrode 110 and the third end surface 131 of the third electrode 130. A current can flow from the third end surface 131 to the fourth end surface 132 on the third electrode 130, thereby also creating a voltage between the fourth end surface 132 of the third electrode 130 and the second end surface 121 of the second electrode 120. Consequently, a voltage exists across the gap 300 between the first end surface 111 of the first electrode 110 and the third end surface 131 of the third electrode 130, and a voltage also exists across the gap 300 between the fourth end surface 132 of the third electrode 130 and the second end surface 121 of the second electrode 120. Breakdown can occur in both gaps 300, thereby generating a shock wave. In such a shock wave generating structure 11 , the three electrodes 100 can form two electrode pairs, and shock waves can be generated at both gaps 300 . This way, the coverage range of the shock waves can be wider and the coverage angle can be larger.

[0088] For example, see Figure 2A and Figure 2B , the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 may be located on the same side of the third electrode 130 along the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. Figure 2A and 2B As shown, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be staggered in the circumferential direction YY, the third end face 131 and the fourth end face 132 can be two side faces of the third electrode 130 along the circumferential direction YY, the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 can be respectively located on both sides of the third electrode 130 along the circumferential direction YY, wherein the third electrode 130 can include a third discharge portion 133 and a third discharge portion 135, and the third discharge portion 133 and the third discharge portion 135 can be located between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122. It is understood that the spacing between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 along the circumferential direction YY can be greater than the spacing between the first discharge portion 112 and the third discharge portion 133 along the circumferential direction YY, and can be greater than the spacing between the second discharge portion 122 and the third discharge portion 135 along the circumferential direction YY. This ensures that the shock wave occurs between the first end face 111 and the third end face 131 and / or between the second end face 121 and the fourth end face 132. In addition, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can also be offset in the axial direction XX. In this way, the first discharge portion 113 and the second discharge portion 123 can both have a longer length along the circumferential direction YY, and the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be more stable when they are respectively disposed on the tubular member 200. In such a shock wave generating structure 11, the third discharge portion 134 of the third electrode 130 can be annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200, and the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 do not need to cross the third discharge portion 134. While the overall structure still maintains a small radial dimension, the third discharge portion 134 annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200 can make the third electrode 130 more stably set on the tubular member 200, thereby making the overall structure more stable.

[0089] For example, see Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B and Figure 4CThe first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be located on either side of the third electrode 130 along the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. Thus, the first discharge portion 113 of the first electrode 110 and the second discharge portion 123 of the second electrode 120 can both be configured in an arc or annular shape that circumscribes the central axis of the tubular member 200 by more than 180°. Such first discharge portion 113 can further stabilize the placement of the first electrode 110 within the tubular member 200, and such second discharge portion 123 can further stabilize the placement of the second electrode 120 within the tubular member 200. Furthermore, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be located on either side of the third electrode 130 along the axial direction XX. This simplifies the design of the spacing between the first electrode 110, the second electrode 120, and the third electrode 130, excluding the gap 300 where shock waves are generated. This makes it easier to avoid the generation of shock waves in the gaps outside the gap 300, and thus enhances the stability of shock wave generation by the shock wave generating structure 11.

[0090] For example, see Figure 4A 、 Figure 4B and Figure 4C The at least two discharge portions on each electrode 100 in each electrode pair may include a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. The third electrode 130 may include a second third discharge portion 134 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX. The first third discharge portion 133 may include a first sub-discharge portion 1331 and a second sub-discharge portion 1332. The first sub-discharge portion 1331 and the second sub-discharge portion 1332 may be located on either side of the second third discharge portion 134 along the axial direction XX. The first sub-discharge portion 1331 and the second sub-discharge portion 1332 may be located on either side of the second third discharge portion 134 along the axial direction XX. The first sub-discharge portion 1331 may be adjacent to the first discharge portion 112, and the third end surface 131 may be formed on the first sub-discharge portion 1331. The second sub-discharge portion 1332 may be adjacent to the second discharge portion 122, and the fourth end surface 132 may be formed on the second sub-discharge portion 1332. In such a shock wave generating structure 11, the third discharge portion 134 of the third electrode 130 can be annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200, and the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 do not need to cross the third discharge portion 134. While the overall structure still maintains a small radial dimension, the third discharge portion 134 annularly sleeved on the tubular member 200 can make the third electrode 130 more stably set on the tubular member 200, thereby making the overall structure more stable.

[0091] For example, see Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B and Figure 5CThe at least two discharge sections on each electrode 100 in each electrode pair may include a second discharge section extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. The third electrode 130 may include a second third discharge section 134 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction XX. A first third discharge section 133 and a third third discharge section 135 may be connected to the second third discharge section 134. The first third discharge section 133 and the third third discharge section 135 may both be the first discharge section on the third electrode 130. The first third discharge section 133 and the third third discharge section 135 are merely distinguishable and are not intended to be limiting. The second third discharge section 134 may include a first second sub-discharge section 1341 and a second second sub-discharge section 1342. The first discharge section on the third electrode 130 may be located between the first second sub-discharge section 1341 and the second second sub-discharge section 1342. That is, the first third discharge section 133 and the second third discharge section 135 may be located between the first second sub-discharge section 1341 and the second second sub-discharge section 1342. The third electrode 130 includes two discharge sections, namely a first sub-discharge section 1341 and a second sub-discharge section 1342. This allows the third electrode 130 to be more stably positioned on the tubular member 200. Furthermore, compared to the embodiment in which the first sub-discharge section 1331 and the second sub-discharge section 1332 are respectively provided on either side of the third discharge section 134 in the axial direction XX, the provision of the first sub-discharge section 1331 and the second sub-discharge section 1332 results in a longer length of the third electrode 130 in the axial direction XX. The provision of the first sub-discharge section 1341 and the second sub-discharge section 1342 ensures the third electrode 130 is stably positioned on the tubular member 200, thereby eliminating the need for the third electrode 130 to be excessively long in the axial direction XX, thereby enhancing the flexibility of the overall device in the axial direction XX.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 3A and Figure 3BAt least two electrodes 100 may include at least one electrode group, each of which may include a second electrode 120, two first electrodes, and two third electrodes. As shown in the figure, the two first electrodes may be the first electrode 110 and the first electrode 110', respectively, and the two third electrodes may be the third electrode 130 and the third electrode 130', respectively. Each electrode group may include two discharge groups, each of which may include a first discharge portion, a second discharge portion, and a third discharge portion. In each electrode group, the second electrode 120 may include two second discharge portions and a portion extending helically around the central axis of the tubular member 200. The two second discharge portions may be connected to opposite ends of the portion of the second electrode 120 extending helically around the central axis of the tubular member 200 along the axial direction XX of the tubular member 200. The two second discharge portions may be the second discharge portion 122 and the second discharge portion 122', respectively. Each of the two second discharge portions may form a discharge group with one first discharge portion and one third discharge portion. The two discharge groups may be located on either side of the portion of the second electrode 120 extending helically around the central axis of the tubular member 200 along the axial direction XX. The first discharge section 112, the second discharge section 122, and the third discharge section 11 can form a discharge group. Of course, the third discharge section 11 can include the third discharge section 133 and the third discharge section 135. The first discharge section 112', the second discharge section 122', and the third discharge section 11 can form another discharge group. Of course, the third discharge section 11 can include the third discharge section 133 and the third discharge section 135. A gap 300 for generating shock waves is formed between the second discharge section 122 and the third discharge section 135 of the third electrode 130. A gap 300 for generating shock waves is also formed between the second discharge section 122' and the third discharge section 135' of the third electrode 130'. The second electrode 120 effectively forms an electrode pair with both the third electrode 130 and the third electrode 130'. In this electrode group, the first electrode 110, the third electrode 130, the second electrode 120, the third electrode 130', and the first electrode 110' are actually five electrodes 100, forming four electrode pairs. The first electrode 110 ′ may be connected to a positive electrode of the shock wave controller 15 , and the first electrode 110 may be connected to a negative electrode of the shock wave controller 15 .A voltage may exist between the first end surface 111' and the third end surface 131', thereby generating a current on the third electrode 130' from the third end surface 131' toward the fourth end surface 132'. As charge accumulates on the fourth end surface 132', a voltage may also be generated between the fourth end surface 132' and the second end surface 121'. Consequently, a current may be generated on the second electrode 120 from the second end surface 121' toward the second end surface 121. Similarly, a voltage may be generated between the second end surface 121 and the fourth end surface 132. Similarly, a voltage may be generated between the third end surface 131 and the first end surface 111. Since the first electrode 110 is connected to the negative electrode of the shock wave controller 15, shock waves may be generated at each gap 300 in the shock wave generating structure 11. The three discharge portions of the three electrodes 100 forming the two electrode pairs are considered a discharge group. The second discharge portion 123 herein can be understood as functioning as a conductor, and the portion of the second electrode 120 that spirally extends around the central axis of the tubular member 200 can be considered to connect the two discharge groups in series. The second electrode 120 includes a portion that spirally extends around the central axis of the tubular member 200, which better secures the second electrode 120 and makes it less likely to fall off the tubular member 200. This results in more stable voltage transmission between the two discharge groups. With this shock wave generating structure 11, the two discharge groups within a single electrode assembly can work together to generate a shock wave that can affect a wider range of lesions, making it suitable for various applications.

[0093] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 6A 、 Figure 6B and Figure 7AThe tubular body of the tubular member 200 may be provided with at least one insulating protrusion 141 protruding outwardly in the radial direction of the tubular member 200. The insulating protrusion 141 may be of any shape, for example, having a circular arc cross-section, a square-like cross-section, or various other shapes. Opposing discharge portions of at least one discharge portion pair may be located on opposite sides of the insulating protrusion 141 and separated by the insulating protrusion 141 to form a gap 300 for generating shock waves. The length of the two discharge portions located on opposite sides of the insulating protrusion 141 in the direction in which the insulating protrusion 141 extends may be greater than the length of the insulating protrusion 141 in its own direction of extension. Thus, the two discharge portions, being located on opposite sides of the insulating protrusion 141, are separated by the insulating protrusion 141. Furthermore, a gap 300 may be formed between the portions of the two discharge portions extending beyond the insulating protrusion 141 in the direction in which the insulating protrusion 141 extends. Of course, it is not limited here that the length of the discharge portion in the extension direction of the insulating protrusion 141 is greater than the length of the insulating protrusion 141 in its own extension direction. It is also possible that a plurality of insulating protrusions 141 are provided on the tubular member 200, and the plurality of insulating protrusions 141 are spaced apart between two discharge portions, so that a gap 300 for generating shock waves is formed between the two discharge portions. Figure 6A and Figure 6B In the embodiment shown, the first discharge portion 112 of the first electrode 110 and the second discharge portion 122 of the second electrode 120 are respectively disposed on both sides of the insulating protrusion 141. The first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 are separated by the insulating protrusion 141, and a gap 300 is formed therebetween. Figure 6A and Figure 6BIn the illustrated embodiment, the insulating protrusion 141 is parallel to the axial direction XX and perpendicular to the circumferential direction YY. In other embodiments not shown, the insulating protrusion 141 can extend in any direction on the tubular member 200. For example, the insulating protrusion 141 can extend obliquely around the central axis of the tubular member 200, or along the circumferential direction YY. This application does not limit the specific form of the insulating protrusion 141. Accordingly, the two discharge portions located on either side of the insulating protrusion 141 can also have any shape and size. The insulating protrusion 141 can be integrally formed with the tubular member 200, or it can be separately processed from the tubular member 200 and then connected by welding, bonding, or other various methods. For example, the insulating protrusion 141 can be formed by gluing. For example, in the case of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 forming an electrode pair, the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be fixedly connected to the tubular member by gluing, and the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be bonded together by glue. When the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 are bonded together using glue, the portion of glue between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 can be separated, and each portion of glue can be considered an insulating protrusion 141. For example, the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 can be separated by glue bonding, and the glue applied between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 can be applied at intervals, and each portion of glue between the first discharge portion 112 and the second discharge portion 122 can be considered an insulating protrusion 141. By providing an insulating protrusion 141 on the tubular member 200, the insulating protrusion 141 can be used to form a positioning effect on the discharge portion pair. The insulating protrusion 141 separates the two discharge portions in the discharge portion pair to form a gap 300. That is, the two discharge portions can each partially abut against the insulating protrusion 141, so the insulating protrusion 141 can fix the size of the gap 300 by positioning the two discharge portions. Since the gap 300 serves as the shock wave generating area, the size of the shock wave generating area can be fixed. No matter how the shock wave generating structure 11 moves or in what working environment, the insulating protrusion 141 can form a stable positioning for the two discharge portions, so that the size of the gap 300 remains unchanged. In this way, the shock wave generation is more stable and the efficiency of the shock wave generation is higher. Moreover, since the shock wave stably occurs at the gap 300, the shock wave generation position can be controlled, and the shock wave generation is also more stable.

[0094] For example, the tubular body of the tubular member 200 may have an outer wall, the insulating protrusion 141 may be disposed on the outer wall, and the electrode pair may be disposed on the outer wall. When the shock wave generating structure 11 is used in interventional therapy, for example, when the shock wave generating structure 11 is used in the shock wave generating device 10, interventional therapy has strict requirements on the inner diameter and radial thickness of the tubular member 200. The tubular member 200 only has the function of supporting the insulating protrusion 141 and the electrode 100. Therefore, the insulating protrusion 141 and the electrode 100 can be disposed on the outer wall of the tubular body of the tubular member 140 to minimize the radial size of the shock wave generating structure 11. A smaller shock wave generating structure 11 can be more suitable for interventional therapy.

[0095] In the above introduction, for the sake of convenience, the cross section of the tubular member 200 is taken as an example. In fact, the cross section of the tubular member 200 can be in various forms such as circular or polygonal. For example, the cross section of the tubular member 200 can be circular or polygonal. In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 8A , the cross-sectional shape of the tubular member 200 can be a polygon. In another embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 8B The cross-sectional shape of the tubular member 200 may also be polygonal. A polygonal tubular member 200 can be easier to transport and store. Furthermore, the shape of the electrodes disposed on the tubular member 200 can change along with the cross-sectional shape of the tubular member 200, so that the electrodes are closely attached to the surface of the tubular member 200, thereby minimizing the radial size of the shock wave generating structure 11. For example, if the tubular member 200 is circular, the circumferential projection of the electrodes may be an arc or a circular line; if the tubular member 200 is polygonal, the circumferential projection of the electrodes may be a broken line whose bending angle is consistent with a certain bending angle of the polygon.

[0096] For example, the insulating protrusion can be formed by a tubular extrusion process. This process is mature and highly precise. Using this process to form the insulating protrusion 141 on the tubular member 200 eliminates the need for welds or other connections to interfere with the mounting of the electrode 100. This eliminates the need for additional calibration equipment to facilitate production and improves efficiency.

[0097] For example, see Figure 7BThe insulating protrusion 141 may be provided with a penetration portion 1411, and the gap 300 may be formed in the penetration portion 1411. The penetration portion 1411 may be in the form of a window formed in the insulating protrusion 141, and the penetration portion 1411 may have any shape. In such a shock wave generating structure 11, the contact area between the insulating protrusion 141 and the electrode 100 can be larger, thereby improving the positioning effect of the electrode 100.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one electrode pair may include a first electrode 110 and a second electrode 120. The first electrode 110 may include a first discharge portion 112, and the second electrode 120 may include a second discharge portion 122. The first discharge portion 112 may have a first end surface 111, and the second discharge portion 122 may have a second end surface 121 opposite the first end surface 111. A gap 300 may be formed between the first end surface 111 and the second end surface 121. The first electrode 110 may be connected to the positive electrode of the external shock wave controller 15, so that the first electrode 110 can be considered a positive electrode, and the second electrode 120 may be connected to the negative electrode of the external shock wave controller 15, so that the second electrode 120 can be considered a negative electrode. During long-term use, the first electrode 110 can always be used as the positive electrode, and the second electrode 120 can always be used as the negative electrode, so that the shock wave generating structure 11 can be more stable.

[0099] For example, see Figure 9 The first end surface 111 may be provided with a first protrusion 1111 that protrudes toward the second end surface 121, and at least a portion of the gap 300 may be formed between the first protrusion 1111 and the second end surface 121. The first protrusion 1111 may have a tip discharge effect, so providing the first protrusion 1111 on the first end surface 111 that protrudes toward the second end surface 121 can increase the discharge efficiency of the shock wave generating structure 11, thereby increasing the efficiency of generating shock waves.

[0100] For example, see Figure 10 The second end surface 121 may be provided with a second protrusion 1211 protruding toward the first end surface 111, and at least a portion of the gap 300 may be formed between the second protrusion 1211 and the first end surface 111. The second protrusion 1211 may have a tip discharge effect, so providing the second protrusion 1211 protruding toward the first end surface 111 on the second end surface 121 may increase the discharge efficiency of the shock wave generating structure 11, thereby increasing the efficiency of generating shock waves.

[0101] In particular, see Figure 10The first end surface 111 may be provided with a first protrusion 1111 protruding toward the second end surface 121, and the second end surface 121 may also be provided with a second protrusion 1211 protruding toward the first end surface 111. As mentioned above, since there is a tip discharge effect at both the first protrusion 1111 and the second protrusion 1211, this can further improve the efficiency of generating shock waves in the shock wave generating structure 11.

[0102] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 11 The gap 300 may include multiple sub-gaps 310 arranged in a first direction. Each of the multiple sub-gaps 310 may have a discharge spacing in a second direction, and the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction. The multiple discharge spacings may also be arranged along the first direction, and the multiple discharge spacings may decrease one by one along the first direction. The first direction may be any suitable direction. For ease of explanation, the first direction is taken as the axial direction XX. In this case, the second direction may be the circumferential direction YY, and the discharge spacing in the second direction may be the circumferential spacing along the circumferential direction YY. In the illustrated embodiment, the gap 300 includes two sub-gaps 310 arranged in the axial direction XX, and the two sub-gaps 310 have a discharge spacing M and a discharge spacing N, respectively, wherein the discharge spacing M is greater than the discharge spacing N. When such a shock wave generating structure 11 generates a shock wave, it will preferentially generate a shock wave at the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing N, so that the end faces of the two electrodes at the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing N will first be ablated. After the ablation occurs, the discharge spacing N will continue to expand. When the discharge spacing N expands to be close to the discharge spacing M, a shock wave will also be generated at the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing M. Such a shock wave generating structure 11 generates shock waves in a segmented manner, wherein the voltage requirements for generating shock waves are also different. When only the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing N generates shock waves, the voltage required for the shock wave generating structure 11 to generate shock waves is small because the discharge spacing of the gap 300 generating shock waves is small. When the discharge spacing N is expanded to be close to the discharge spacing M, and the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing M also generates shock waves, the voltage required for the shock wave generating structure 11 to generate shock waves is large because the discharge spacing of the gap 300 generating shock waves is large. In this case, an external shock wave controller 15 with adjustable voltage can be used to meet the needs of the shock wave generating structure 11. Moreover, because the discharge spacing N is smaller than the discharge spacing M, when only the sub-gap 310 corresponding to the discharge spacing N generates shock waves, the shock wave generating structure 11 generates shock waves with higher efficiency. Such a shock wave generating structure 11 that generates shock waves in a segmented manner generates shock waves with initial high efficiency, but the efficiency of generating shock waves decreases after a period of time, which can meet the needs of specific occasions and has a wider range of applications.

[0103] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 12 The gap 300 may include a plurality of sub-gaps 310 arranged in a first direction, and at least two of the plurality of sub-gaps 310 may be misaligned in a second direction, and the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction. The first direction may be any suitable direction. For ease of explanation, the first direction is taken as the axial direction XX as an example, and the second direction may be the circumferential direction YY. In this way, when a shock wave is generated in the gap 300, the ablation occurring on the opposite end surfaces of the two electrodes 100 in the electrode pair may be divided into regions, and different regions on the two end surfaces corresponding to different sub-gaps 310 may experience different ablation. In this way, the parts with more severe ablation may be protected through reasonable design, thereby extending the service life of the shock wave generating structure 11.

[0104] For example, see Figure 12 Along the axial direction XX, each sub-gap 310 can be offset relative to the next sub-gap 310, and the offset direction of each sub-gap 310 relative to the next sub-gap 310 can be the same. Multiple sub-gaps 310 can be arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction XX. In such a shock wave generating structure 11, the ablation occurring on the opposing end faces of the two electrodes 100 in the electrode pair is not only regionalized, but also, because the multiple sub-gaps 310 are actually arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction XX, the ablation that occurs also has a certain regularity, thereby better and more targetedly protecting the end faces of the electrodes 100.

[0105] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0106] For ease of description, area-relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the regional positional relationship between one or more components or features shown in the figures and other components or features. It should be understood that area-relative terms include not only the orientation of the components as described in the figures, but also different orientations in use or operation. For example, if the components in the drawings are inverted as a whole, the situation where the components are "above other components or features" or "above other components or features" will include the situation where the components are "below other components or structures" or "below other components or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" may include both the orientations "above" and "below". In addition, these components or features may also be positioned at other different angles (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), and this document is intended to include all of these situations.

[0107] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, parts, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0108] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0109] The present invention has been described through the above embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shock wave generating structure, characterized in that: The device comprises a tubular member and at least two electrodes disposed on the tubular member, wherein the at least two electrodes form at least one electrode pair, wherein the two electrodes in each electrode pair respectively include at least two discharge portions, and wherein the at least two discharge portions of one electrode in each electrode pair are respectively opposed to the at least two discharge portions of the other electrode to form at least two discharge portion pairs, wherein a gap for generating shock waves is formed between the opposed discharge portions in the discharge portion pairs; At least two pairs of discharge portions form at least two gaps, and an angle is formed between at least two gaps.

2. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair, and two opposing discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tubular member.

3. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one axial discharge portion pair, and two opposing discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular member.

4. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portion pairs include at least one circumferential discharge portion pair and at least one axial discharge portion pair, wherein two opposing discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tubular member and a first spacing exists between the two discharge portions in the circumferential discharge portion pair along the circumferential direction, and two opposing discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular member and a second spacing exists between the two discharge portions in the axial discharge portion pair along the axial direction; The first spacing is not equal to the second spacing.

5. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first interval is smaller than the second interval.

6. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a first discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction of the tubular member and a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member, the first discharge portion being connected to the second discharge portion and an included angle being formed between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion.

7. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second discharge portion extends along the circumferential direction.

8. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second discharge portion surrounds the tubular member along the circumferential direction.

9. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second discharge portion extends spirally around the central axis of the tubular member.

10. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second discharge part is connected to the outer side of the first discharge part along the radial direction of the tubular member.

11. The shock wave generating structure according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that: At least one of the electrode pairs includes a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode each include the discharge second portion.

12. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the circumferential direction of the tubular member; At least two of the electrodes include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode, the first electrode includes a first discharge portion, the second electrode includes a second discharge portion, the third electrode includes a third discharge portion, the third discharge portion is located between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion, the first discharge portion has a first end surface, the second discharge portion has a second end surface, the third discharge portion has a third end surface opposite to the first end surface and a fourth end surface opposite to the second end surface, the gap is formed between the first end surface and the third end surface, and / or the gap is formed between the second end surface and the fourth end surface.

13. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the same side of the third electrode in the axial direction of the tubular member.

14. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively located on both sides of the third electrode in the axial direction of the tubular member.

15. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 14, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member; The third electrode includes a third discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction, the third discharge portion includes a first sub-discharge portion and a second sub-discharge portion, the first sub-discharge portion and the second sub-discharge portion are respectively located on both sides of the third discharge portion along the axial direction, wherein the first sub-discharge portion is close to the first discharge portion and the third end surface is formed on the first sub-discharge portion, and the second sub-discharge portion is close to the second discharge portion and the fourth end surface is formed on the second sub-discharge portion.

16. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: The at least two discharge portions on each electrode in each electrode pair include a second discharge portion extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member; The third electrode includes a third discharge portion 2 extending at a certain angle to the axial direction of the tubular member, and the third discharge portion 1 is connected to the third discharge portion 2, wherein the third discharge portion 2 includes a first sub-discharge portion 2 and a second sub-discharge portion 2, and the third discharge portion 1 is located between the first sub-discharge portion 2 and the second sub-discharge portion 2.

17. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 12, characterized in that: At least two of the electrodes include at least one electrode group, each of the electrode groups includes one second electrode, two first electrodes and two third electrodes, each of the electrode groups includes two discharge groups, each of the discharge groups includes the first discharge portion, the second discharge portion and the third discharge portion, in each of the electrode groups, the second electrode includes two second discharge portions and a second discharge portion extending spirally around the central axis of the tubular member, the two second discharge portions are respectively connected to the two ends of the second discharge portion along the axial direction of the tubular member, each of the two second discharge portions forms a discharge group with one first discharge portion and one third discharge portion, and the two discharge groups are located on both sides of the second discharge portion along the axial direction.

18. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one insulating protrusion is provided on the tubular body of the tubular member protruding outward in the radial direction of the tubular member, and the discharge parts opposite to each other in at least one discharge part pair are respectively located on opposite sides of the insulating protrusion and are separated by the insulating protrusion to form a gap for generating shock waves.

19. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 18, characterized in that: The tubular body of the tubular member has an outer side wall, the insulating protrusion is arranged on the outer side wall, and the electrode pair is arranged on the outer side wall.

20. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 18, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the tubular member is circular or polygonal.

21. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 18, characterized in that: The insulating protrusion is formed by a tube extrusion integral molding process.

22. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 18, characterized in that: A breakdown portion is provided on the insulating protrusion, and the gap is formed on the breakdown portion.

23. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the electrode pairs includes a first electrode and a second electrode, the first electrode includes a first discharge portion, the second electrode includes a second discharge portion, the first discharge portion has a first end surface, the second discharge portion has a second end surface opposite to the first end surface, and the gap is formed between the first end surface and the second end surface.

24. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 23, characterized in that: A first protrusion is provided on the first end surface and protrudes toward the second end surface, and at least a portion of the gap is formed between the first protrusion and the second end surface; And / or, a second protrusion protruding toward the first end surface is provided on the second end surface, and at least a portion of the gap is formed between the second protrusion and the first end surface.

25. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap includes a plurality of sub-gaps arranged in a first direction, each of the plurality of sub-gaps has a discharge interval in a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the plurality of discharge intervals are also arranged along the first direction, and the plurality of discharge intervals decrease one by one along the first direction.

26. The shock wave generating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap includes a plurality of sub-gaps arranged in a first direction, at least two of the plurality of sub-gaps are offset in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

27. A shock wave generating device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a catheter and a shock wave generating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the tubular member is formed on the catheter. And / or, the conduit includes at least two sections, and the tubular member is connected between the at least two sections of the conduit.

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