Esterification reaction tower for oil with high acid value

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high acid value oil esterification reaction tower which comprises a tower body, a heating jacket, a plurality of esterification reaction units and a nitrogen injection unit, each esterification reaction unit comprises a reaction chamber and a partition plate assembly, and the partition plate assembly comprises a closed partition plate, a first semi-closed partition plate and a second semi-closed partition plate. The reaction cavities positioned on the two sides of the closed partition plate are respectively a feeding cavity and an overflow cavity, a feeding hole is formed in the upper part of the feeding cavity, and an overflow pipe is arranged in the overflow cavity; the first semi-closed partition plate and the evaporation steam channel are arranged at intervals to form a first baffling opening, and the second semi-closed partition plate and the tower wall are arranged at intervals to form a second baffling opening. The internal cavity of the tower body is divided into a plurality of reaction chambers which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, mixed materials are promoted to be mixed by adopting sprayed nitrogen, the mixed materials flow in each reaction chamber in a baffling manner, the path is long, the reaction efficiency is improved, the mixed materials flow from top to bottom, continuous reaction and continuous production are realized, the small diameter of the reaction tower can also be realized, and the production efficiency is improved. The mounting space is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of high acid value oil processing, in particular to a high acid value oil esterification reaction tower. Background Art

[0002] Waste oils and fats primarily include recycled restaurant oil, waste swill, frying oil, and roast duck fat. The high free fatty acids in these oils often hinder further processing. There are two primary methods for treating these high-acid-value oils. The first involves reacting the free fatty acids (FFAs) in the oils and fats with methanol to produce crude methyl esters, commonly used as a feedstock for biodiesel. The second involves adding glycerol to the oils and reacting the FFAs with glycerol to produce glycerides. In practice, the production of crude methyl esters and glycerides often utilizes spiral stirred tanks, which are bulky, have poor stirring performance, and require long reaction times. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the utility model proposes a high acid value oil esterification reaction tower, which can realize the small diameter of the reaction tower and then the small volume, has a good mixing effect, and can also realize continuous production.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The high-acid-value oil esterification reaction tower of the present invention comprises a tower body and a heating jacket coated on the tower body, and further comprises a plurality of esterification reaction units arranged in the tower body and a nitrogen injection unit for performing airflow stirring on the materials in the esterification reaction units. The esterification reaction units comprise a reaction chamber surrounded by a top plate, a bottom plate and a tower wall, and a partition assembly dividing the reaction chamber into a plurality of reaction chambers. A vertical evaporation vapor channel is provided between the top plate and the bottom plate. The partition assembly comprises a closed partition, a first semi-closed partition and a second semi-closed partition, all of which are radially arranged. The reaction chambers located on both sides of the closed partition are respectively a feed chamber and an overflow chamber. The upper portion of the feed chamber has a feed port, and the overflow chamber is provided with an overflow pipe for allowing the materials to enter the esterification reaction units in the lower layer. The first semi-closed partition is spaced apart from the tube wall of the evaporation vapor channel to form a first deflection port, and the second semi-closed partition is spaced apart from the tower wall to form a second deflection port. The first deflection port and the second deflection port are alternately arranged. The beneficial effects are as follows: the utility model utilizes the ejected nitrogen to promote the mixing of the mixed materials in the reaction chamber, further promotes the reaction of oil and fat and methanol (or glycerol), and improves the reaction efficiency; the utility model arranges multiple groups of esterification reaction units from top to bottom in the tower body, so that the mixed materials flow from top to bottom, thereby realizing continuous reaction and continuous production, and can also realize the small diameter of the reaction tower, saving installation space; due to the unique structural design of the reaction chamber, the mixed materials in each reaction chamber are deflected from the feed chamber during the reaction process, thereby extending the path of the mixed materials and improving the esterification rate.

[0006] Preferably, the nitrogen injection unit includes a main line connected to the nitrogen source and multiple branches connected to the main line, and the branches correspond to the esterification reaction units one by one; each reaction chamber of the esterification reaction unit is provided with at least two nitrogen nozzles, and the multiple nitrogen nozzles of the esterification reaction unit are installed on the corresponding branches.

[0007] Preferably, the tower body is provided with a plurality of steam inlets and condensed water outlets connected to the inner cavity of the heating jacket at intervals above and below. During production, steam can be introduced into the inner cavity of the heating jacket to heat the tower body and ensure the reaction temperature; an evaporation vapor outlet is provided at the top of the tower body, and the upper space of the tower body and the lower space of the tower body are connected through the evaporation vapor channel in the middle of the esterification reaction unit to ensure that the evaporation vapor can be discharged.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention divides the internal chamber of the tower body into multiple reaction chambers that are connected in sequence from top to bottom, and uses injected nitrogen in each reaction chamber to promote the mixing of the mixed materials, promote the reaction of oil and fat and methanol (or glycerin), and improve the reaction efficiency; and the mixed materials flow from top to bottom, thereby realizing continuous reaction and continuous production, and can also realize the small diameter of the reaction tower, saving installation space; due to the unique structural design of the reaction chamber, the mixed materials in each reaction chamber are diverted from the feed chamber during the reaction process, extending the path of the mixed materials and improving the esterification rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the esterification reaction unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0012] It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0013] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can mean mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can mean internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood based on specific circumstances.

[0014] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the high acid value oil esterification reaction tower described in the utility model includes a tower body 1, a heating jacket 2 coated on the tower body 1, a plurality of esterification reaction units arranged in the tower body 1, and a nitrogen injection unit for performing airflow stirring on the materials in the esterification reaction units. The heating jacket 2 has a steam inlet and a condensed water outlet. The steam inlet is connected to the steam source through a steam pipeline. The steam is used to heat the tower body to ensure the reaction temperature. During actual installation, the heating jacket can be divided into multiple sections, each section corresponding to a steam inlet and a condensed water outlet. The heating condition of each section of the heating jacket can be controlled separately to reduce heat loss.

[0015] The esterification reaction unit includes a reaction chamber enclosed by a top plate 3a, a bottom plate 3b, and a tower wall, and a partition assembly that divides the reaction chamber into multiple reaction chambers. The top plate 3a and the bottom plate 3b are connected by a vertical evaporation gas channel F4, giving the reaction chamber a circular ring structure. The partition assembly includes a closed partition 4a, a first semi-closed partition 4b, and a second semi-closed partition 4c. The closed partition 4a, the first semi-closed partition 4b, and the second semi-closed partition 4c are all arranged radially. The closed partition 4a completely separates two adjacent reaction chambers, which are respectively designated as a feed chamber 4d and an overflow chamber 4e. A feed port F1 is provided on the tower body 1 at the corresponding position of the feed chamber 4d to ensure that the mixed material can enter the reaction chamber.

[0016] An overflow pipe 4f is provided within the overflow chamber 4e, allowing the mixed material to enter the esterification reaction unit below. The overflow pipe 4f has a certain height, and overflow begins when the liquid level in the overflow chamber 4e is higher than the top of the overflow pipe 4f. The lower portion of the overflow pipe 4f is connected to the feed chamber 4d of the esterification reaction unit on the first layer. The first semi-enclosed partition 4b is spaced apart from the evaporation gas channel F4 to form a first deflection port F2, and the second semi-enclosed partition 4c is spaced apart from the tower wall to form a second deflection port F2. The first and second deflection ports F2 are alternately arranged, causing the mixed material in the reaction chamber to flow from the feed chamber 4d to the overflow chamber 4e, extending the flow path of the mixed material and promoting the reaction.

[0017] The nitrogen injection unit includes a main line 5a connected to the nitrogen source and multiple branch lines 5b connected to the main line 5a. The branch lines 5b correspond to the esterification reaction units one by one. At least two nitrogen nozzles 5c are installed in each reaction chamber of the esterification reaction unit. The multiple nitrogen nozzles 5c in the reaction chamber are installed on the corresponding branch lines 5b. Nitrogen passes through the main line 5a and the branch lines 5b and is finally ejected by the nitrogen nozzles 5c, causing disturbance of the mixture and promoting the reaction.

[0018] During actual installation, two adjacent esterification reaction units are spaced apart from each other, and the gap between the two adjacent esterification reaction units is connected to the evaporation gas channel. The upper space of the tower body 1 and the lower space of the tower body 1 are connected through the evaporation gas channel F4. The top of the tower body 1 is provided with an evaporation gas outlet F5 to avoid excessive pressure inside the tower body.

[0019] The high acid value oil esterification reaction tower of the utility model can be used not only for the esterification reaction of high acid value oil and glycerol, but also for the esterification reaction of high acid value oil and methanol. The esterification reaction of free fatty acids and glycerol in high acid value oil is taken as an example to specifically illustrate its reaction process: the mixture of high acid value oil and glycerol is pumped into the feed chamber 4d of the uppermost reaction chamber, and then diverted through the first diversion port F2 and the second diversion port F2 to flow to the overflow chamber 4e; the nitrogen nozzle 5c in the upper reaction chamber is opened to spray nitrogen outward, and the sprayed nitrogen disturbs the mixture in each reaction chamber, thereby promoting the esterification reaction of free fatty acids and glycerol; during the continuous feeding process, the liquid level of the mixture in the upper reaction chamber gradually rises, and when the liquid level rises to the top pipe port of the overflow pipe 4f, it overflows from the overflow port into the feed chamber 4d of the reaction chamber below; the mixture diverts and flows in the second reaction chamber and is disturbed by nitrogen, thereby further promoting the esterification reaction of free fatty acids and glycerol; when the liquid level reaches a certain height, it overflows into the third reaction chamber below to continue diverting and reacting, and finally overflows from the overflow pipe 4f in the third reaction chamber to the bottom of the tower body 1.

[0020] The utility model installs three reaction chambers spaced apart from each other in the upper and lower parts of the tower body 1. The mixed material flows in a baffled manner in each reaction chamber, overflowing from the lowest reaction chamber to the reaction chambers below in sequence. The reaction path is long, and the multiple nitrogen nozzles 5c in each reaction chamber can fully mix the mixed material, improve the reaction efficiency, realize continuous reaction and continuous production, and realize the small diameter of the reaction tower, saving installation space.

[0021] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments without inventive effort, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high acid value oil esterification reaction tower, comprising a tower body and a heating jacket coated on the tower body, characterized in that: The tower body further comprises a plurality of esterification reaction units arranged in the tower body and a nitrogen injection unit for performing airflow stirring on the materials in the esterification reaction units. The esterification reaction units comprise a reaction chamber surrounded by a top plate, a bottom plate and a tower wall, and a partition assembly for dividing the reaction chamber into a plurality of reaction chambers. A vertical evaporation vapor channel is provided between the top plate and the bottom plate. The partition assembly comprises a closed partition, a first semi-closed partition and a second semi-closed partition, all of which are radially arranged. The reaction chambers located on both sides of the closed partition are respectively a feed chamber and an overflow chamber. The upper portion of the feed chamber has a feed port, and the overflow chamber is provided with an overflow pipe for allowing the materials to enter the esterification reaction units in the lower layer. The first semi-closed partition is spaced apart from the tube wall of the evaporation vapor channel to form a first deflection port, and the second semi-closed partition is spaced apart from the tower wall to form a second deflection port. The first deflection port and the second deflection port are alternately arranged.

2. The high acid value oil esterification reaction tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen injection unit includes a main line connected to a nitrogen source and multiple branches connected to the main line, and the branches correspond to the esterification reaction units one by one; each reaction chamber of the esterification reaction unit is provided with at least two nitrogen nozzles, and the multiple nitrogen nozzles of the esterification reaction unit are installed on the corresponding branches.

3. The high acid value oil esterification reaction tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower body is provided with a plurality of steam inlets and condensed water outlets communicated with the inner cavity of the heating jacket at intervals above and below; the top of the tower body is provided with an evaporation vapor outlet, and the upper space of the tower body and the lower space of the tower body are communicated through the evaporation vapor channel in the middle of the esterification reaction unit.

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