Tail shield capable of measuring shield tail gap, heading machine main machine and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a tail shield capable of measuring a shield tail gap, a heading machine main machine and a heading machine, and belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment. A telescopic mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the tail shield, the telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic rod used for stretching out towards the duct piece in the direction perpendicular to the front-back tunneling direction so as to abut against the outer wall of the duct piece or retracting away from the outer wall of the duct piece, the telescopic mechanism is connected with a pipeline or a line, and the telescopic mechanism is provided with a detection module used for detecting the extension amount of the telescopic rod. The shield wall of the tail shield is provided with a passing hole or a passing groove for a pipeline or a line to pass through, the rear end of the passing hole or the passing groove extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end of the passing hole or the passing groove extends to the front side of a pipe piece at the foremost end in the tunnel. According to the utility model, a pipeline or a line is arranged in a built-in manner instead of being tightly attached to the inner wall of the tail shield, so that the pipeline or the line can be protected, even if the tail shield rubs with a duct piece in the moving process, the pipeline or the line cannot be damaged, the normal measurement function is ensured, and the normal tunneling construction efficiency is prevented from being influenced by shutdown replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap, a tunnel boring machine host and a tunnel boring machine, belonging to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. Background Art

[0002] During shield / TBM (tunnel boring machine) tunneling, the shield tail gap (the gap between the shield tail and the segments) is constantly changing. When this gap exceeds the allowable range, friction between the shield and the segments can occur, potentially leading to segment fracture, increased propulsion resistance, reduced tunneling speed, and even damage to the shield tail sealing system. In severe cases, this can cause segment misalignment, tunnel leakage, and ground collapse. Therefore, it is essential to measure this gap in real time. This, combined with data such as propulsion cylinder stroke difference and tunneling posture, allows for optimal segment selection and posture adjustment to ensure smooth shield / TBM construction.

[0003] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217155349U discloses an automatic shield tail gap measuring device, which includes a hydraulic cylinder, which includes a piston and a cylinder body. The cylinder body is embedded in the inner wall of the shield tail and placed between the inner wall of the shield tail and the pipe segment. The piston can be extended and retracted toward the pipe segment. A flow meter is provided at the oil inlet of the cylinder. The flow meter is connected to the controller to transmit the measured flow value to the controller. The controller is connected to the shield machine host system signal to form data interaction. The shield machine host system calculates the elongation of the piston according to the flow value measured by the flow meter, which is the shield tail gap value.

[0004] The aforementioned hydraulic cylinder (i.e., the telescopic mechanism) is fixed to the inner wall of the tail shield and can only measure the gap value at a specific point, but cannot reflect the gap between the tail shield and the pipe segment along its entire circumference. Furthermore, the flowmeter is connected to the oil inlet of the cylinder. Due to the limited thickness of the tail shield wall and the limited gap between the tail shield and the pipe segment, improper placement of the flowmeter can easily cause friction with the pipe segment during movement, resulting in damage to the flowmeter. Furthermore, the oil inlet and return lines connected to the hydraulic cylinder should be installed close to the inner wall of the tail shield. Even so, there is a risk of friction with the pipe segment during movement, which could lead to pipe damage, affecting normal measurement, necessitating downtime for replacement, and affecting normal tunneling efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a tail shield that can measure the shield tail gap, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that although the pipeline connected to the telescopic mechanism is arranged close to the inner wall of the tail shield, there is still a risk of friction with the pipe segment during the movement of the tail shield, which may cause damage to the pipeline, affect normal measurement, require shutdown for replacement, and affect the normal tunneling construction efficiency; the purpose of the present utility model is also to provide a tunneling machine main unit and a tunneling machine to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap has an inner wall of the tail shield mounted with a pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism comprising a telescopic rod for extending toward a pipe segment perpendicular to the forward and backward excavation direction to abut against the outer wall of the pipe segment or for retracting away from the outer wall of the pipe segment, the telescopic mechanism being connected to a pipeline for providing a power medium for the movement of the telescopic rod or a circuit for providing electrical energy, the telescopic mechanism being equipped with a detection module for detecting the elongation of the telescopic rod, and a through hole or through slot for the passage of the pipeline or circuit being provided on the shield wall of the tail shield, the through hole or through slot having a rear end extending to the position of the telescopic mechanism and a front end for extending to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel.

[0008] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the utility model is an improved invention, and the main improvement is to provide a through hole or a through groove on the shield wall of the tail shield for the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism to pass through. The rear end of the through hole or the through groove extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel, so that the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism is changed from being close to the inner wall of the tail shield to being an internal setting, thereby forming protection for the pipeline or line. In this way, even if the tail shield rubs against the pipe segment during movement, it will not damage the pipeline or line, ensuring normal measurement function and avoiding shutdown for replacement to affect normal excavation construction efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, a through hole for the pipeline or line to pass through is provided in the shield wall of the tail shield. The through hole includes a straight hole section extending in the front-to-back direction and an inclined hole section connected to the front end of the straight hole section and forming an obtuse angle with the straight hole section. The rear end of the straight hole section extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, at least three telescopic mechanisms are evenly spaced along the same circumferential direction of the tail shield, and the shield wall of the tail shield is provided with through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipelines or lines connected to each telescopic mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is provided with at least two circles along the front-to-back direction, and each circle includes at least three telescopic mechanisms evenly spaced in the same circumferential direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle is equal and the telescopic mechanisms in each circle are arranged one by one in the front-to-back direction, and the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the rear telescopic mechanism partially overlap with the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the front telescopic mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline, and the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same solenoid valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is an electric telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a circuit, and the circuits of the telescopic mechanisms in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same switch.

[0015] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, which is connected to a pipeline. The detection module is a flow meter connected to the pipeline, which is located in front of the through hole or through slot and on the inner side of the shield wall of the tail shield.

[0016] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of the tail shield, which is connected to the through hole or the through groove and is used to install the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism includes a shell accommodated in the mounting hole, and a flange is provided at the end of the shell. The flange is located outside the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tail shield by screws.

[0017] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a multi-stage telescopic mechanism.

[0018] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main machine of the tunnel boring machine in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0019] A tunnel boring machine main body includes a shield body, which includes a tail shield. A pneumatic, hydraulic or electric telescopic mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the tail shield. The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic rod for extending toward a pipe segment perpendicular to the front and rear excavation direction to abut against the outer wall of the pipe segment or retracting away from the outer wall of the pipe segment. The telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline for providing a power medium for the movement of the telescopic rod or a circuit for providing electrical energy. The telescopic mechanism is equipped with a detection module for detecting the elongation of the telescopic rod. A through hole or a through slot for the passage of the pipeline or the circuit is provided on the shield wall of the tail shield. The rear end of the through hole or the through slot extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the utility model is an improved invention, and the main improvement is to provide a through hole or a through groove on the shield wall of the tail shield for the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism to pass through. The rear end of the through hole or the through groove extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel, so that the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism is changed from being close to the inner wall of the tail shield to being an internal setting, thereby forming protection for the pipeline or line. In this way, even if the tail shield rubs against the pipe segment during movement, it will not damage the pipeline or line, ensuring normal measurement function and avoiding shutdown for replacement to affect normal excavation construction efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, a through hole for the pipeline or line to pass through is provided in the shield wall of the tail shield. The through hole includes a straight hole section extending in the front-to-back direction and an inclined hole section connected to the front end of the straight hole section and forming an obtuse angle with the straight hole section. The rear end of the straight hole section extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism.

[0022] Furthermore, at least three telescopic mechanisms are evenly spaced along the same circumferential direction of the tail shield, and the shield wall of the tail shield is provided with through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipelines or lines connected to each telescopic mechanism.

[0023] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is provided with at least two circles along the front-to-back direction, and each circle includes at least three telescopic mechanisms evenly spaced in the same circumferential direction.

[0024] Furthermore, the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle is equal and the telescopic mechanisms in each circle are arranged one by one in the front-to-back direction, and the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the rear telescopic mechanism partially overlap with the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the front telescopic mechanism.

[0025] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline, and the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same solenoid valve.

[0026] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is an electric telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a circuit, and the circuits of the telescopic mechanisms in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same switch.

[0027] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, which is connected to a pipeline. The detection module is a flow meter connected to the pipeline, which is located in front of the through hole or through slot and on the inner side of the shield wall of the tail shield.

[0028] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of the tail shield, which is connected to the through hole or the through groove and is used to install the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism includes a shell accommodated in the mounting hole, and a flange is provided at the end of the shell. The flange is located outside the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tail shield by screws.

[0029] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a multi-stage telescopic mechanism.

[0030] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the tunnel boring machine in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0031] A tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and rear supporting equipment. The main machine includes a shield body, which includes a tail shield. A pneumatic, hydraulic or electric telescopic mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the tail shield. The telescopic mechanism includes a telescopic rod for extending toward a pipe segment perpendicular to the front and rear excavation direction to abut against the outer wall of the pipe segment or retracting away from the outer wall of the pipe segment. The telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline for providing a power medium for the movement of the telescopic rod or a line for providing electrical energy. The telescopic mechanism is equipped with a detection module for detecting the elongation of the telescopic rod. A through hole or a through slot for the passage of the pipeline or the line is provided on the shield wall of the tail shield. The rear end of the through hole or the through slot extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel.

[0032] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the utility model is an improved invention, and the main improvement is to provide a through hole or a through groove on the shield wall of the tail shield for the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism to pass through. The rear end of the through hole or the through groove extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel, so that the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism is changed from being close to the inner wall of the tail shield to being an internal setting, thereby forming protection for the pipeline or line. In this way, even if the tail shield rubs against the pipe segment during movement, it will not damage the pipeline or line, ensuring normal measurement function and avoiding shutdown for replacement to affect normal excavation construction efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, a through hole for the pipeline or line to pass through is provided in the shield wall of the tail shield. The through hole includes a straight hole section extending in the front-to-back direction and an inclined hole section connected to the front end of the straight hole section and forming an obtuse angle with the straight hole section. The rear end of the straight hole section extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism.

[0034] Furthermore, at least three telescopic mechanisms are evenly spaced along the same circumferential direction of the tail shield, and the shield wall of the tail shield is provided with through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipelines or lines connected to each telescopic mechanism.

[0035] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is provided with at least two circles along the front-to-back direction, and each circle includes at least three telescopic mechanisms evenly spaced in the same circumferential direction.

[0036] Furthermore, the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle is equal and the telescopic mechanisms in each circle are arranged one by one in the front-to-back direction, and the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the rear telescopic mechanism partially overlap with the through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipes or lines of the front telescopic mechanism.

[0037] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline, and the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same solenoid valve.

[0038] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is an electric telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a circuit, and the circuits of the telescopic mechanisms in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same switch.

[0039] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, which is connected to a pipeline. The detection module is a flow meter connected to the pipeline, which is located in front of the through hole or through slot and on the inner side of the shield wall of the tail shield.

[0040] Furthermore, a mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of the tail shield, which is connected to the through hole or the through groove and is used to install the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism includes a shell accommodated in the mounting hole, and a flange is provided at the end of the shell. The flange is located outside the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tail shield by screws.

[0041] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism is a multi-stage telescopic mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tail shield embodiment of the utility model capable of measuring the shield tail gap in use (only the bottom of the tail shield is shown);

[0043] Figure 2 This is a layout diagram of the telescopic mechanism on the same circumference in the embodiment of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pipelines connected to the telescopic mechanism in the tail shield embodiment of the utility model that can measure the shield tail gap.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Tail shield; 1-1. Straight hole section; 1-2. Inclined hole section; 1-3. Mounting hole; 2. Seal; 3. Pipe segment; 4. Telescopic mechanism; 4-1. Shell; 4-2. Flange; 5. Pipeline; 6. Flow meter; 7. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to provide a through hole or a through groove on the shield wall of the tail shield for the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism to pass through, so that the pipeline or line connected to the telescopic mechanism is changed from being set close to the inner wall of the tail shield to being set inside, thereby forming protection for the pipeline or line and preventing the pipeline or line from being damaged due to friction with the pipe segment during the movement of the tail shield.

[0047] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0048] Embodiment 1 of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap in the present invention:

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, a hydraulically operated telescopic mechanism 4 (i.e., a cylinder) is mounted on the inner wall of the tail shield 1. Also mounted on the inner wall of the tail shield 1 is a seal 2 for sealing between the tail shield 1 and the segment 3. The tunneling direction is defined as the forward-backward direction, and the telescopic mechanism 4 is located in front of the seal 2. The telescopic mechanism 4 includes a telescopic rod (i.e., the piston rod of the cylinder) that extends perpendicular to the forward-backward tunneling direction toward the segment 3 to abut against the outer wall of the segment 3, or retracts away from the outer wall. The telescopic mechanism 4 is connected to a pipeline 5 that provides the motive force for the movement of the telescopic rod. In this embodiment, the motive force is hydraulic oil. Two pipelines 5 are provided: one serving as the oil inlet and the other as the oil return line. The other end of the pipeline 5 is connected to the hydraulic system of the main engine of the tunneling machine.

[0050] The telescopic mechanism 4 is equipped with a detection module for detecting the extension of the telescopic rod. In this embodiment, the detection module is a flow meter 6 connected to one of the pipelines 5. The flow meter 6 is connected to the host computer system in the main control room of the tunnel boring machine and transmits the detected flow data to the host computer system. The host computer system directly calculates the extension of the telescopic rod based on the specific parameters of the cylinder, thereby obtaining the exact shield tail clearance value for the operator (shield / TBM driver) to directly view in the main control room. This part of the measurement principle is the same as that of the existing technology.

[0051] Different from the prior art, the shield wall of the tail shield 1 is provided with a through hole for the pipeline 5 to pass through, such as Figure 3 As shown, the through-hole includes a straight hole section 1-1 extending in the front-to-back direction, and an obtuse hole section 1-2 connected to the front end of straight hole section 1-1 and forming an obtuse angle with the straight hole section 1-1. The rear end of straight hole section 1-1 extends to the location of telescopic mechanism 4, facilitating the connection of pipeline 5 with the oil port on telescopic mechanism 4, or in other words, facilitating the layout of pipeline 5 within the through-hole. The opening of oblique hole section 1-2 is located in front of the frontmost segment 3 in the tunnel. This allows the portion of pipeline 5 corresponding to segment 3 to be completely internally positioned, thus protecting pipeline 5. Even if tail shield 1 rubs against segment 3 during movement, it will not damage pipeline 5, ensuring normal measurement function and avoiding downtime for replacement that would affect normal tunneling efficiency.

[0052] At the same time, there are at least three telescopic mechanisms 4 evenly spaced along the same circumference of the tail shield 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are eight of them, positioned on the upper, lower, left, right, upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right sides of the tail shield 1. The shield wall of the tail shield 1 is provided with through-holes corresponding to the pipelines connected to each telescopic mechanism 4. Each pipeline of the telescopic mechanism 4 is connected to a flow meter, enabling multi-point clearance detection between the tail shield and the pipe segments along the entire circumference, resulting in more comprehensive and reliable detection results.

[0053] At the same time, combined Figure 1As shown, the telescopic mechanisms 4 are arranged in two circles along the fore-aft direction. Each circle includes at least three telescopic mechanisms 4 spaced evenly around the same circumference. This not only provides more comprehensive detection data, but also allows for determining whether the tail shield 1 is tilted relative to the segment 3, facilitating adjustment of the tunneling posture. Furthermore, the number of telescopic mechanisms 4 in each circle is equal, meaning each circle has eight telescopic mechanisms 4. The telescopic mechanisms 4 in each circle are aligned one by one in the fore-aft direction, meaning that the arrangement orientation of the telescopic mechanisms 4 in each circle is consistent. The through-holes corresponding to the pipelines of the rear telescopic mechanisms partially overlap with the through-holes corresponding to the pipelines of the front telescopic mechanisms. This reduces the machining of through-holes, facilitates manufacturing, and also facilitates pipeline layout.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, a solenoid valve 7 is connected to the pipeline 5. This solenoid valve 7 is a three-position, four-way solenoid valve that facilitates the switching between the oil inlet and oil return of the two pipelines 5. Furthermore, the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism 4 in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same solenoid valve 7. This solenoid valve 7 can control the movement of the telescopic rods of each telescopic mechanism 4 in the same circumferential direction, making control more convenient and measuring more efficient. Furthermore, the solenoid valve 7 and flowmeter 6 are located in front of the through hole and on the inner side of the shield wall of the tail shield 1. Compared to arranging them close to the telescopic mechanism 4, this arrangement is not only more convenient, but also prevents damage to the solenoid valve 7 and flowmeter 6 even if the tail shield 1 rubs against the pipe segment 3 during movement.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the tail shield 1 is provided with mounting holes 1-3 that communicate with through-holes and are used to mount the telescopic mechanism 4. For both the front and rear telescopic mechanisms 4, the through-holes corresponding to the pipelines of the rear telescopic mechanism communicate with the mounting holes 1-3 of the front telescopic mechanism, facilitating the pipelines of the rear telescopic mechanism to pass through the mounting holes 1-3 and into the corresponding through-holes of the pipelines of the front telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism 4 includes a housing 4-1 housed within the mounting holes 1-3. The end of the housing 4-1 is provided with a flange 4-2, which is located outside the mounting holes 1-3 and fixed to the inner wall of the tail shield 1 via screws. This facilitates the securing of the telescopic mechanism 4 and also facilitates its removal and replacement in the event of a malfunction. Furthermore, the number of mounting holes and through-holes along the same circumference can be greater than the number of telescopic mechanisms 4 currently arranged, allowing the installation position of the telescopic mechanism 4 to be changed as needed, providing greater measurement flexibility.

[0056] In addition, the telescopic mechanism 4 in this embodiment is a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, including multi-stage telescopic rods. When the telescopic rods at each stage are retracted, the overall size is small, and the size that extends into the gap between the tail shield 1 and the pipe segment 3 is small, which can avoid friction between the tail shield 1 and the pipe segment 3 during movement to the greatest extent, thereby ensuring the service life of the telescopic mechanism 4.

[0057] When the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap of the utility model is used, Figure 3 As shown, the operator can control the solenoid valve 7 in the main control room to operate, causing the pipeline connected to the rodless cavity of the telescopic mechanism 4 to flow oil in and the pipeline connected to the rod cavity to return oil, thereby controlling the telescopic rod to extend and abut against the outer wall of the pipe segment 3. The flow meter 6 on the pipeline 5 transmits the detection data to the host computer system, which directly displays the extension of the telescopic rod after processing, and the host computer system directly displays the extension of the telescopic rod, which the operator can measure and view at any time. Similarly, the operator can control the solenoid valve 7 in the main control room to switch the working position, causing the pipeline connected to the rodless cavity of the telescopic mechanism 4 to return oil and the pipeline connected to the rod cavity to flow oil, thereby controlling the telescopic rod to retract and move away from the outer wall of the pipe segment 3. After it is retracted into place, the flow meter 6 can be used to feedback to the host computer system.

[0058] In summary, by adopting the tail shield of the utility model that can measure the shield tail gap, the extension amount of the telescopic mechanism 4 is fed back to the host computer in the main control room in real time, and the operator can control the extension, retraction and observe the measurement results at any time. It has a simple structure, low cost and high accuracy, and the position of the telescopic mechanism 4 can be arranged according to needs, and replacement is relatively convenient.

[0059] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap, the telescopic mechanism may also be a pneumatic telescopic mechanism, i.e., a cylinder. In this case, the specific structure of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, the main difference being that the power medium is gas.

[0060] In other embodiments of a tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap, the telescopic mechanism can also be an electric telescopic mechanism, i.e., an electric push rod. In this case, the telescopic mechanism is connected to a circuit for providing electrical energy for the movement of the telescopic rod. The circuit passes through a through hole and is connected to a switch. The switch can control whether the power is on and off, thereby controlling the operation of the telescopic mechanism. Furthermore, when the telescopic mechanism is provided with multiple turns along the front-to-back direction, the circuits of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction can be connected to the same switch, thereby controlling the simultaneous operation of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction. Of course, the circuits of each telescopic mechanism can also be connected to a switch, in which case each telescopic mechanism is independently controlled.

[0061] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: regardless of whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric, the through holes on the shield wall can be replaced with through slots, such as U-shaped or V-shaped slots, with the notches of the through slots facing the inside of the tail shield, which can also allow pipes or lines to pass through. As long as the pipes or lines do not protrude from the inner wall of the tail shield, a protective effect can be achieved. Of course, to prevent the pipes or lines from escaping from the through slots, adhesive can be applied at appropriate locations to secure the pipes or lines.

[0062] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: no matter whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic or electric, the telescopic mechanism may be a single-stage telescopic mechanism.

[0063] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: regardless of whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic or electric, the housing of the telescopic mechanism can be adhesively fixed in the mounting hole, and no flange is required.

[0064] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: when the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism and the telescopic mechanism is connected to a pipeline, the flow meter can also be arranged close to the telescopic mechanism. In this case, a larger mounting hole needs to be opened on the inner wall of the tail shield so that at least part of the flow meter can be accommodated in the mounting hole.

[0065] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: when the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the detection module for detecting the extension of the telescopic rod may not be a flow meter, but a displacement sensor installed at the end of the telescopic rod. The displacement sensor can detect the distance between the end of the telescopic rod and the cylinder of the telescopic mechanism, and the extension of the telescopic rod is obtained through the detected displacement change.

[0066] In other embodiments of the tail shield that can measure the gap between the shield tail: when the telescopic mechanism is an electric telescopic mechanism, an encoder and a controller can be configured for the electric push rod. The encoder can detect the movement state of the motor and feed back to the controller. The controller can judge the telescopic distance and telescopic speed of the push rod based on this, thereby knowing the gap between the shield tail and the pipe segment.

[0067] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: when the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction can be connected to a solenoid valve, and each telescopic mechanism is independently controlled.

[0068] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: regardless of whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric, depending on the specific dimensions of the tail shield, the telescopic mechanism can be provided in three or more circles in the fore-aft direction. Moreover, regardless of the number of circles ultimately provided, when the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle is equal, the telescopic mechanisms in each circle may not be arranged one-to-one in alignment in the fore-aft direction, but may be staggered. In this case, the through holes or through slots corresponding to the pipelines or lines of each telescopic mechanism are independent.

[0069] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: regardless of whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric, when the telescopic mechanism is provided with at least two circles along the front-to-back direction, the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle may not be equal, and the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle may be three, four, five, or any other number except eight.

[0070] In other embodiments of a tail shield capable of measuring shield tail gap: regardless of whether the telescopic mechanism is pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric, the telescopic mechanism may be provided in only one circle, and the number of telescopic mechanisms in one circle may be three, four, five, or more. Of course, in other embodiments, regardless of the number of circles of the telescopic mechanism, the number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle may also be two. In this case, if the telescopic mechanism is provided in two circles, the two telescopic mechanisms in the front circle may be arranged vertically, and the two telescopic mechanisms in the rear circle may be arranged horizontally.

[0071] In other embodiments of the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap: when a through hole for a pipeline or line to pass through is provided in the shield wall of the tail shield, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole may also be L-shaped, including a straight hole section extending in the front-to-back direction and a vertical section connected to the front end of the straight hole section and perpendicular to the straight hole section.

[0072] The embodiment of the tunnel boring machine main body in the present invention is as follows: the tunnel boring machine main body includes a shield body, the shield body includes a tail shield, and the specific structure of the tail shield is the same as the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap in any of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0073] An embodiment of a tunnel boring machine in the present invention is as follows: the tunnel boring machine includes a main machine and rear supporting equipment, the main machine includes a shield body, the shield body includes a tail shield, and the specific structure of the tail shield is the same as the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be based on the claims. Any equivalent structural changes made using the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tail shield capable of measuring the tail gap, wherein a pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric telescopic mechanism is mounted on the inner wall of the tail shield, the telescopic mechanism comprising a telescopic rod for extending toward a segment perpendicular to the forward and backward excavation direction to abut against the outer wall of the segment or for retracting away from the outer wall of the segment, the telescopic mechanism being connected to a pipeline or circuit for providing power for the movement of the telescopic rod, and a detection module for detecting the extension of the telescopic rod, characterized in that: The shield wall of the tail shield is provided with a through hole or a through slot for the pipeline or line to pass through, the rear end of the through hole or the through slot extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism, and the front end is used to extend to the front side of the frontmost pipe segment in the tunnel.

2. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole for the pipeline or line to pass through is provided in the shield wall of the tail shield. The through hole includes a straight hole section extending in the front-to-back direction and an inclined hole section connected to the front end of the straight hole section and forming an obtuse angle with the straight hole section. The rear end of the straight hole section extends to the position of the telescopic mechanism.

3. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least three telescopic mechanisms are evenly spaced along the same circumferential direction of the tail shield, and the shield wall of the tail shield is provided with through holes or through grooves corresponding to the pipelines or lines connected to each telescopic mechanism.

4. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is provided with at least two circles along the front-back direction, and each circle includes at least three telescopic mechanisms evenly spaced in the same circumferential direction.

5. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of telescopic mechanisms in each circle is equal and the telescopic mechanisms in each circle are arranged one by one in the front-to-back direction, and the through holes or through slots corresponding to the pipes or lines of the rear telescopic mechanisms partially overlap with the through holes or through slots corresponding to the pipes or lines of the front telescopic mechanisms.

6. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected with a pipeline, and the pipelines of each telescopic mechanism in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same solenoid valve.

7. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is an electric telescopic mechanism, which is connected to a circuit, and the circuits of the telescopic mechanisms in the same circumferential direction are all connected to the same switch.

8. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic or hydraulic telescopic mechanism connected to a pipeline. The detection module is a flow meter connected to the pipeline. The flow meter is located in front of the through hole or through slot and inside the shield wall of the tail shield.

9. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tail shield is provided with a mounting hole that is connected to the through hole or the through slot and is used to install the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism includes a shell accommodated in the mounting hole, and a flange is provided at the end of the shell. The flange is located outside the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tail shield by screws.

10. The tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism is a multi-stage telescopic mechanism.

11. A tunnel boring machine mainframe, comprising a shield body, the shield body including a tail shield, characterized in that: The tail shield is the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a main machine and rear supporting equipment, wherein the main machine comprises a shield body, and the shield body comprises a tail shield, characterized in that: The tail shield is the tail shield capable of measuring the shield tail gap as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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