Energy storage device and energy storage system
By integrating the positive electrode and negative electrode of the energy storage module in parallel into the control circuit in the same housing, the problem of large space occupancy of control circuits in the energy storage device is solved and the energy density is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422356401.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing energy storage modules are usually equipped with separate control circuits, which causes high-voltage control boxes to occupy more space and reduce the energy density of the energy storage device.
The positive electrodes and negative electrodes of multiple energy storage modules are connected in parallel through corresponding paths and integrated into the same shell to form a control loop, which integrates the control loop in the shell to reduce the number of control boxes.
The electrical layout of the energy storage device is achieved to save space, and improve the energy density of the energy storage device.
Smart Images
Figure CN223309128U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage electrical control technology, and in particular to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. Background Art
[0002] In the energy storage field, existing energy storage modules such as battery clusters are usually equipped with separate control circuits, that is, forming separate high-voltage control boxes. When multiple energy storage modules are used in combination, the large number of high-voltage control boxes takes up more space, which is not conducive to improving the energy density of the energy storage device. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, the present application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system, the purpose of which is to solve the above technical problems to a certain extent.
[0004] A first aspect of the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising:
[0005] A plurality of energy storage modules, each comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode;
[0006] a control mechanism, the control mechanism including a control loop, the control loop including a plurality of first paths and a plurality of second paths, the plurality of first paths being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second paths, the plurality of first paths being electrically connected to the positive electrodes of the plurality of energy storage modules, and the plurality of second paths being electrically connected to the negative electrodes of the plurality of energy storage modules;
[0007] A total positive interface and a total negative interface, the multiple first paths are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total positive interface, the multiple second paths are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total negative interface, and the positive interface and the total negative interface are jointly used to establish an electrical connection between the multiple energy storage modules and an external circuit;
[0008] Wherein, the control mechanism further includes a shell, the control circuit is arranged in the shell, and the total positive interface and the total negative interface are arranged on the shell.
[0009] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a plurality of first control units provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively, and the first control units are used to collect voltages and currents of the first paths and the second paths;
[0010] The energy storage module includes an energy storage module and a second control unit electrically connected to the energy storage module, wherein the second control unit is used to collect at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and state of the energy storage module;
[0011] The first control unit is communicatively connected to the second control unit in the corresponding energy storage module.
[0012] Preferably, the control circuit further includes a plurality of first contactors and a plurality of second contactors, wherein the plurality of first contactors are respectively arranged on the first paths, and the plurality of second contactors are respectively arranged on the second paths;
[0013] In which, at least one of the first control units is configured to: cut off the corresponding first contactor and / or the second contactor in response to at least one of the voltage and current of the first path and the voltage and current of the second path collected by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal, and / or in response to at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and health status of the corresponding energy storage module received by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal.
[0014] Preferably, the control circuit includes a plurality of first control units arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively.
[0015] The control circuit further includes a plurality of first contactors and a plurality of second contactors, wherein the plurality of first contactors are respectively arranged on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second contactors are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths;
[0016] The first control unit is used to control the on and off of the corresponding first contactor and the corresponding second contactor.
[0017] Preferably, the control loop further comprises a plurality of pre-charging modules, the plurality of pre-charging modules being provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first contactors, and the pre-charging modules being connected in parallel to both ends of the corresponding first contactors;
[0018] The pre-charging module includes a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging contactor connected in series, and the pre-charging contactor is communicatively connected to the corresponding first control unit so as to be controlled on and off by the corresponding first control unit.
[0019] Preferably, the control circuit includes a plurality of first fuses and a plurality of second fuses, the plurality of first fuses are respectively arranged on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second fuses are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths.
[0020] Preferably, the control circuit includes a plurality of first isolating switches and a plurality of second isolating switches, the plurality of first isolating switches are respectively provided on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second isolating switches are also respectively provided on the plurality of second paths.
[0021] Preferably, the control loop includes a plurality of shunts, and the plurality of shunts are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths, and the shunts are used to collect currents of the second paths.
[0022] A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system, which includes the energy storage device as described above.
[0023] Preferably, the energy storage system includes a management unit;
[0024] The control mechanism includes a plurality of first control units provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively, and the first control units being configured to collect voltages and currents of the first paths and the second paths;
[0025] The plurality of first control units are communicatively connected to the management unit, and the management unit is configured to transmit the abnormality signal to other first control units in response to receiving the abnormality signal transmitted by the first control unit.
[0026] According to the energy storage device provided by the present application, compared to the prior art, which provides a separate control box for each energy storage module, the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application connects the positive and negative electrodes of the aforementioned multiple energy storage modules in parallel using corresponding paths and integrates them into the same housing. As a result, the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates the multiple control circuits corresponding to the multiple energy storage modules into a single control circuit and independently integrates them into the housing. This makes the electrical layout of the energy storage device more compact, saves space, and thus improves the energy density of the energy storage device as a whole.
[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a circuit diagram of an energy storage device provided according to the first aspect of an embodiment of the present application is shown.
[0030] Reference numerals:
[0031] 1-Energy storage module; 2-First path; 3-Second path; 4-Casing; KM1-First contactor; KM2-Second contactor; K-Pre-charge contactor; R-Pre-charge resistor; QS1-First disconnector; QS2-Second disconnector; FU1-First fuse; FU2-Second fuse; RS1-First shunt; RS2-Second shunt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0033] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0035] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.
[0036] According to a first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, an energy storage device is provided. Figure 1 The structure and working principle of the energy storage device are described in detail.
[0037] According to the energy storage device provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, the energy storage device includes a plurality of energy storage modules 1 and a control mechanism. In the embodiment, among the aforementioned plurality of energy storage modules 1, each energy storage module 1 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. In the embodiment, the control mechanism includes a control loop, and the control loop includes a plurality of first paths 2 and a plurality of second paths 3. The aforementioned plurality of first paths 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the aforementioned plurality of second paths 3. The aforementioned plurality of first paths 2 are respectively electrically connected to the positive electrodes of the aforementioned plurality of energy storage modules 1, and the aforementioned plurality of second paths 3 are respectively electrically connected to the negative electrodes of the aforementioned plurality of energy storage modules 1.
[0038] In an embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a total positive interface and a total negative interface. The plurality of first paths 2 are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total positive interface. The plurality of second paths 3 are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total negative interface. The plurality of first paths 2 and the plurality of second paths 3 are collectively used to establish an electrical connection between the plurality of energy storage modules 1 and an external circuit. In an embodiment, the control mechanism further includes a housing 4, the control circuit is disposed within the housing 4, and the total positive interface and the total negative interface are disposed on the housing 4.
[0039] Thus, in the energy storage device provided in accordance with the embodiment of the present application, compared to the prior art, which separately provides an independent control box for each energy storage module 1, the energy storage device provided in accordance with the embodiment of the present application connects the positive and negative electrodes of the aforementioned multiple energy storage modules 1 in parallel using corresponding paths and integrates them within the same housing 4. Thus, the energy storage device provided in accordance with the embodiment of the present application integrates the multiple control circuits corresponding to the multiple energy storage modules 1 into a single control circuit, which is independently integrated within the housing 4. This makes the electrical layout of the energy storage device more compact, saves space, and thereby improves the overall energy density of the energy storage device.
[0040] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the energy storage module 1 can be, for example, a battery cluster. In practice, a battery cluster can be an independently operated battery assembly formed by connecting battery cells in series, parallel, or both. The battery cluster can also include a battery management unit (BMU), which will be described in detail below. Furthermore, as examples, the number of energy storage modules can be, for example, two, three, or four, and the corresponding number of first and second paths can also be the same.
[0041] In an embodiment, as an example, each battery cluster may include, for example, multiple battery packs connected in series with each other. As mentioned in the above description, the battery cluster has the positive electrode and negative electrode mentioned above, where the positive electrode and negative electrode are the positive electrode and negative electrode formed by connecting multiple battery packs in series.
[0042] However, according to the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the form of the energy storage module 1 is not limited to the battery cluster mentioned in the above description. In the embodiment, the energy storage module can be a module of other forms that stores electrical energy and can be charged and discharged.
[0043] In the embodiments, the "first path 2" and "second path 3" mentioned in the above description refer to conductive paths that can achieve electrical connection. The implementation of the conductive path includes, but is not limited to, a physical line or a conductive pattern. The conductive pattern here can be a metal or non-metal pattern printed on a carrier, such as a conductive pattern printed on a board. In other words, the first path 2 and the second path 3 can be conductive patterns on a circuit board.
[0044] As an example, in an embodiment, the first path 2 and the second path 3 can be conductive patterns provided on a printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). In addition, in an embodiment, a portion of the conductive pattern can be located on the PCB, and another portion can be located on the flexible printed circuit board.
[0045] In addition, in an embodiment, the first path and the second path can also be a combined connection structure of a physical line and a conductive pattern. In other words, the first path and the second path can include both a physical line and a conductive pattern. The physical line and the conductive pattern are electrically connected, and the setting basis of the conductive pattern can be the printed circuit board and / or flexible circuit board as described above.
[0046] In an embodiment, in addition to the conductive patterns as described above, which serve as part of the first path and part of the second path, the printed circuit board and / or flexible circuit board may also be provided with various electrical components as described below by integrated welding. For example, the first contactor, second contactor, pre-charge contactor, pre-charge resistor, first isolating switch, and second isolating switch described below may be provided. Thus, the energy storage device provided according to the embodiment of the present application substantially integrates most of the control circuit using the printed circuit board and / or flexible circuit board, facilitating the manufacture and installation of the control circuit.
[0047] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the control mechanism may include a plurality of first control units arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the above-mentioned multiple energy storage modules 1, the aforementioned multiple first control units may be respectively electrically connected to the above-mentioned multiple first paths 2, the aforementioned multiple first control units are respectively electrically connected to the above-mentioned multiple second paths 3, and the first control unit may be used to collect the voltage and current of the first path 2 and the second path 3. In an embodiment, the energy storage module 1 may further include an energy storage module and a second control unit electrically connected to the energy storage module, and the second control unit may be used to collect at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and health status of the energy storage module. In an embodiment, the first control unit may be communicatively connected to the second control unit in the corresponding energy storage module 1.
[0048] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first control unit actually collects information in the control loop, while the second control unit collects information in the energy storage device. Based on the information respectively collected by the first control unit and the second control unit, the first control unit and the second control unit communicate with each other, which can be more beneficial to the overall control of the energy storage device.
[0049] In an embodiment, the energy storage module mentioned above may be, for example, a battery module within each of the multiple battery packs included in a battery cluster. Accordingly, in an embodiment, the second control unit may be a BMU (battery management unit) within each battery pack, as will be described in detail later.
[0050] In an embodiment, as an example, the second control unit can collect the voltage, current, temperature and health status of the energy storage module. The "health status" here refers to the "SOX" (state of X) in the energy field, which indicates whether the energy storage module is stably charged and discharged.
[0051] In embodiments, as mentioned above, the energy storage device may be, for example, a battery cluster, in which multiple battery packs may be connected in series. Each battery pack includes a battery module, i.e., the energy storage module described above, and may also include the second control unit described above. In other words, a single energy storage device may include multiple second control units, the number of which equals the number of battery packs.
[0052] In an embodiment, the second control unit can be formed as a substantial BMU (battery management unit), and the first control unit can be formed as a substantial BCMU (battery cluster management unit). The manner in which the two can implement the above-mentioned collection functions and the manner in which they communicate are existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.
[0053] In an embodiment, when multiple battery clusters are used as units to form the energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application, the first control unit, acting as the BCMU, is a control unit at the energy storage device level. For a battery cluster, the second control unit, acting as the BMU corresponding to each battery pack, is a control unit at the battery pack level.
[0054] In the prior art, the control method of the first control unit is often based only on the overall energy storage device, and the information it collects is also based on the overall energy storage device. However, according to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first control unit and the second control unit are communicatively connected, so that the first control unit can control the energy storage device based on information at the battery pack level, that is, "local control of the whole", and at the same time, the second control unit can control the battery modules within the single battery pack in which it is located based on the overall energy storage device, that is, "global control of the part".
[0055] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the control circuit may further include a plurality of first contactors KM1 and a plurality of second contactors KM2. The aforementioned plurality of first contactors KM1 may be respectively arranged in the aforementioned plurality of first paths 2, and the aforementioned plurality of second contactors KM2 may be respectively arranged in the aforementioned second paths 3.
[0056] In an embodiment, for example, a contactor typically includes an energized coil, a stationary iron core, and a movable iron core. When the contactor coil is energized, the coil current generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field causes the stationary iron core to generate electromagnetic attraction, which attracts the movable iron core and drives the AC contactor to operate, causing the normally closed contact to open and the normally open contact to close. The normally closed and normally open contacts are linked. When the coil is de-energized, both the normally closed and normally open contacts reset.
[0057] In an embodiment, at least one first control unit can be configured to: cut off the corresponding first contactor KM1 and / or second contactor KM2 in response to at least one of the voltage and current of the first path 2 and the voltage and current of the second path 3 collected by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal, and / or in response to at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and state of the corresponding energy storage module received by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal.
[0058] In other words, when the first control unit detects an abnormality in the control circuit, it cuts off the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 corresponding to the first control unit, disconnecting the electrical connection between the control circuit and the corresponding energy storage device, thereby protecting the control circuit and the energy storage device.
[0059] Alternatively, as an alternative example to the above example, when the first control unit receives a message from the corresponding second control unit indicating that the corresponding energy storage device has an abnormality, the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 corresponding to the first control unit can be cut off, disconnecting the electrical connection between the control circuit and the corresponding energy storage device, thereby protecting the control circuit and the energy storage device.
[0060] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, based on the above example, when the first control unit receives a signal from the corresponding second control unit that the corresponding energy storage device has an abnormality, the first contactor KM1 and the second contactor KM2 corresponding to the first control unit can also be disconnected, disconnecting the electrical connection between the control circuit and the corresponding energy storage device, thereby protecting the control circuit and the energy storage device.
[0061] In an embodiment, when the first control unit detects an abnormality in the control circuit, it can be considered that there is a fault in the control circuit. When the first control unit receives an abnormal signal transmitted from the corresponding second control unit, it can be considered that there is a fault in the energy storage device where the second control unit is located. Therefore, whether there is a fault in the control circuit or the energy storage device, the electrical connection can be promptly cut off through the contactor. This forms information exchange between the battery pack level and the energy storage device level, so that the energy storage device can respond to faults occurring in the energy storage device in a timely manner, whether from a local position of the energy storage device or from the overall energy storage device, thereby realizing the fault linkage between the control circuit and the energy storage device.
[0062] In the embodiment, as an example, each first control unit may have the above configuration, and each other control unit may also have the above configuration. In addition, if one of the above collected quantities is abnormal, it can be regarded as a fault.
[0063] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the control circuit may further include multiple pre-charging modules. The aforementioned multiple pre-charging modules may be provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the aforementioned multiple first contactors KM1, and the pre-charging modules are connected in parallel across the corresponding first contactors KM1. In an embodiment, the pre-charging module may include a pre-charging resistor R and a pre-charging contactor K connected in series. The pre-charging contactor K is communicatively connected to the corresponding first control unit so as to be controlled on and off by the corresponding first control unit.
[0064] In an embodiment, before connecting the first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2 and the pre-charging contactor K can be connected first to perform a pre-charging operation on the energy storage module 1 in the energy storage device. During the pre-charging operation, if the above-mentioned abnormal situation does not occur, the pre-charging contactor K can be disconnected, and then the first contactor KM1 can be connected to perform a charging operation on the energy storage module 1 in the energy storage device. During the charging operation, whether the above-mentioned abnormal situation occurs is still monitored by collecting information.
[0065] In an embodiment, the pre-charging resistor can have the following functions. Specifically, the pre-charging resistor can protect the capacitor: the pre-charging resistor controls the charging current by limiting the current, avoiding damage to the capacitor caused by excessive instantaneous current. The pre-charging resistor can protect the DC contactor: the pre-charging resistor can prevent the instantaneous charging current from being too large when directly powered on, protecting switching devices such as DC contactors. The pre-charging resistor can also protect high-voltage electrical components: the pre-charging resistor ensures circuit safety and prevents instantaneous short circuits and excessive short-circuit currents caused by high voltage electricity being directly applied to the capacitor, which can damage the high-voltage electrical components.
[0066] In addition, the selection of pre-charging resistor is also related to factors such as power battery voltage, contactor rated current, capacitance C value, maximum ambient temperature, temperature rise of resistor, voltage after pre-charging, pre-charging time, insulation resistance value and pulse energy.
[0067] As an example, the pre-charging resistor can be an aluminum shell resistor (gold resistor), a thermistor (PTC resistor, Positive Temperature Coefficient, positive temperature coefficient), a power resistor or a cement resistor (ceramic resistor). In the embodiment of the present application, an aluminum shell resistor can be used.
[0068] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the control circuit may include multiple first fuses FU1 and multiple second fuses FU2. The multiple first fuses FU1 may be respectively set in the multiple first paths 2, and the multiple second fuses FU2 may be respectively set in the second paths 3. In this way, the fuses can provide protection for the control circuit.
[0069] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the control circuit may include multiple first isolating switches and multiple second isolating switches. The multiple first isolating switches may be respectively provided on the multiple first paths 2, and the multiple second isolating switches may be respectively provided on the multiple second paths 3. In this way, disconnecting the first isolating switches QS1 and the second isolating switches QS2 can isolate the energized parts of the first paths 2 and the second paths 3.
[0070] According to the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the control loop may include multiple shunts, each of which is provided on a plurality of second paths 3. The shunts may be used to collect current in the second paths 3. In the embodiments, as described below, the number of first paths 2 and second paths 3 may both be two. Therefore, two shunts may be provided corresponding to the two second paths 3. These two shunts may be a first shunt RS1 and a second shunt RS2.
[0071] As an example, in this embodiment, the number of energy storage modules 1, or battery clusters, can be two, and correspondingly, two first paths 2 and two second paths 3 can also be provided. In this embodiment, the first paths 2 are connected in parallel to form a DC+, and the second paths 3 are connected in parallel to form a DC-, thereby forming the input terminal. In this embodiment, the positive electrode of the first energy storage module 1 is BAT1+, and the negative electrode is BAT1-. The positive electrode of the second energy storage module 1 is BAT2+, and the negative electrode is BAT2-.
[0072] Therefore, in the example where the number of energy storage modules 1, that is, battery clusters, is two, in the embodiment, according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a two-in-one (two-in-one) solution of a high-voltage control box is essentially provided. According to the energy storage device provided by the present application, compared with the prior art, in which an independent control box is separately provided for each energy storage module, the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application connects the positive and negative electrodes of the above-mentioned multiple energy storage modules in parallel using corresponding paths, and integrates them in the same housing. Thus, the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application integrates the multiple control circuits corresponding to the multiple energy storage modules into one control circuit, and independently integrates them in the housing, thereby making the electrical layout of the energy storage device more compact, saving space, and thus improving the energy density of the energy storage device as a whole.
[0073] According to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, an energy storage system is provided, which includes the above energy storage device and the above beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here. According to the energy storage system provided in the present application, the energy storage system includes a management unit, and the above-mentioned multiple first control units can be communicatively connected to the management unit. The management unit is configured to respond to an abnormal signal transmitted by the first control unit and transmit the abnormal signal to other first control units, thereby further realizing fault linkage. In the embodiment, as an example, the management unit can be, for example, a BMS (battery management system).
[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the scope of protection of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made based on the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the innovative concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises: A plurality of energy storage modules, each comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a control mechanism, the control mechanism including a control loop, the control loop including a plurality of first paths and a plurality of second paths, the plurality of first paths being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second paths, the plurality of first paths being electrically connected to the positive electrodes of the plurality of energy storage modules, and the plurality of second paths being electrically connected to the negative electrodes of the plurality of energy storage modules; A total positive interface and a total negative interface, the multiple first paths are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total positive interface, the multiple second paths are connected in parallel and are all electrically connected to the total negative interface, and the total positive interface and the total negative interface are jointly used to establish an electrical connection between the multiple energy storage modules and an external circuit; Wherein, the control mechanism further includes a shell, the control circuit is arranged in the shell, and the total positive interface and the total negative interface are arranged on the shell.
2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control mechanism includes a plurality of first control units provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively, and the first control units being configured to collect voltages and currents of the first paths and the second paths; The energy storage module includes an energy storage module and a second control unit electrically connected to the energy storage module, wherein the second control unit is used to collect at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and health status of the energy storage module; The first control unit is communicatively connected to the second control unit in the corresponding energy storage module.
3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that The control circuit further includes a plurality of first contactors and a plurality of second contactors, wherein the plurality of first contactors are respectively arranged on the first paths, and the plurality of second contactors are respectively arranged on the second paths; In which, at least one of the first control units is configured to: cut off the corresponding first contactor and / or the second contactor in response to at least one of the voltage and current of the first path and the voltage and current of the second path collected by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal, and / or in response to at least one of the voltage, current, temperature and state of the corresponding energy storage module received by at least one of the other first control units being abnormal.
4. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control circuit includes a plurality of first control units arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units are electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively; The control circuit further includes a plurality of first contactors and a plurality of second contactors, wherein the plurality of first contactors are respectively arranged on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second contactors are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths; The first control unit is used to control the on and off of the corresponding first contactor and the corresponding second contactor.
5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that The control loop further includes a plurality of pre-charging modules, the plurality of pre-charging modules being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first contactors, and the pre-charging modules being connected in parallel to both ends of the corresponding first contactors; The pre-charging module includes a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging contactor connected in series, and the pre-charging contactor is communicatively connected to the corresponding first control unit so as to be controlled on and off by the corresponding first control unit.
6. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control circuit includes a plurality of first fuses and a plurality of second fuses. The plurality of first fuses are respectively arranged on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second fuses are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths.
7. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control loop includes a plurality of first isolating switches and a plurality of second isolating switches. The plurality of first isolating switches are respectively arranged on the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of second isolating switches are also respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths.
8. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that The control loop includes a plurality of shunts, which are respectively arranged on the plurality of second paths, and the shunts are used to collect currents of the second paths.
9. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system comprises the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The energy storage system includes a management unit; The control mechanism includes a plurality of first control units provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of energy storage modules, the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of first paths, and the plurality of first control units being electrically connected to the plurality of second paths, respectively, and the first control units being configured to collect voltages and currents of the first paths and the second paths; The plurality of first control units are communicatively connected to the management unit, and the management unit is configured to transmit the abnormality signal to other first control units in response to receiving the abnormality signal transmitted by the first control unit.