Self-adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of microwaves, in particular to a self-adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device. Comprising a protection assembly and a metal frame, the protection assembly comprises a gas discharge tube and a metal structure, the metal frame is externally connected with a grounding wire, the gas discharge tube is electrically connected with the metal structure and located on the outer side of the metal structure, and the gas discharge tube is further electrically connected with the metal frame and located on the inner wall of the metal frame. A metal structure of copper nanoparticles and a gas discharge tube are adopted in the structure; the device has a self-adaptive capability, can automatically shield destructive high-power microwave signals and protect rear-end sensitive electronic equipment, and is ingenious in structural design, complete in function and free of redundancy; and the capability of protecting high-power microwaves is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of microwaves, in particular to an adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device. Background Art

[0002] High-power microwaves (HPM) refer to microwave signals with an average power exceeding 1 kilowatts or a peak power exceeding several hundred kilowatts. They are characterized by high peak power, narrow pulse width, and low repetition frequency. These characteristics make HPM widely used in military and scientific research fields, but they also pose a serious threat to sensitive electronic equipment such as radio receivers. Due to the high power characteristics of HPM, when it acts on electronic equipment such as radio receivers, it may cause damage to the equipment or performance degradation. Therefore, the need for HPM protection is very urgent. Protection devices need to be able to effectively attenuate or shield HPM signals to protect sensitive electronic equipment from their influence. In existing technologies, high-power microwave protection mainly relies on components such as filters, transient suppression devices, and limiters.

[0003] However, filters are difficult to effectively attenuate high-power microwave signals within the band; transient suppression devices have limited protection against high-power microwave signals; at the same time, the response speed and protection capabilities of limiters in high-power microwave environments may not meet the requirements. In addition, existing microwave protection devices lack adaptive adjustment capabilities and are prone to increasing usage and maintenance costs, which also increases the complexity and instability of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device, aiming to solve the technical problems that the filter in the existing technology is difficult to effectively attenuate the high-power microwave signal within the band; the transient suppression device has a limited protection effect on the high-power microwave signal; at the same time, the response speed and protection capability of the limiter in a high-power microwave environment may not meet the requirements, and the existing microwave protection device has no adaptive adjustment capability and is likely to increase the use cost and maintenance cost, and also increases the complexity and instability of the system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts an adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device, including a protection component and a metal frame. The protection component includes a gas discharge tube and a metal structure. A grounding wire is connected to the outside of the metal frame. The gas discharge tube is electrically connected to the metal structure and is located on the outside of the metal structure. The gas discharge tube is also electrically connected to the metal frame and is located on the inner wall of the metal frame.

[0006] Wherein, there are multiple protective components.

[0007] Wherein, a plurality of the protective components are arranged in an array.

[0008] Wherein, the number of the gas discharge tubes is four.

[0009] The four gas discharge tubes are respectively arranged on the outside of the metal structure in a cross-symmetrical manner.

[0010] Wherein, the metal frame is arranged in a quadrilateral.

[0011] Wherein, the metal structure is arranged in a quadrilateral.

[0012] Among the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes close to the inner wall of the metal frame are electrically connected to the metal frame respectively.

[0013] Among the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes away from the inner wall of the metal frame are electrically connected to the metal structure.

[0014] The utility model discloses an adaptive high-power microwave energy selective protection device, comprising a protection assembly and a metal frame. The protection assembly includes a gas discharge tube and a metal structure. The metal frame is externally connected to a ground wire. The gas discharge tube is electrically connected to the metal structure and is located on the outer side of the metal structure. The gas discharge tube is also electrically connected to the metal frame and is located on the inner wall of the metal frame. The device has a unique design and function, and the metal structure and the gas discharge tube are structurally made of copper nanoparticles. The device has adaptive capabilities and can automatically shield destructive high-power microwave signals to protect sensitive electronic equipment at the back end. The structure is ingeniously designed and fully functional without redundancy. The device achieves the ability to protect high-power microwaves, thereby effectively solving the problem that filters cannot effectively attenuate high-power microwave signals within the band. The transient suppression device has limited protection effect on high-power microwave signals. At the same time, the limiter's response speed and protection capability may not meet the requirements in a high-power microwave environment. In addition, existing microwave protection devices lack adaptive adjustment capabilities, which easily increases the use and maintenance costs, and also increases the complexity and instability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a curve diagram of the present invention when electromagnetic waves are incident.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the middle protection component of the utility model.

[0019] 1-Gas discharge tube, 2-Metal structure, 3-Metal frame, 4-Ground wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 3 The utility model provides an adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device, including a protection component and a metal frame 3, the protection component includes a gas discharge tube 1 and a metal structure 2, the metal frame 3 is externally connected to a grounding wire 4, the gas discharge tube 1 is electrically connected to the metal structure 2 and is located on the outside of the metal structure 2, the gas discharge tube 1 is also electrically connected to the metal frame 3 and is located on the inner wall of the metal frame 3.

[0022] In this embodiment, the device can effectively attenuate out-of-band signals while allowing signals within the working band to pass normally; this frequency selectivity helps to protect electronic equipment from high-power microwave interference without affecting its normal communication and signal transmission; the device can adaptively adjust according to the energy size of the microwave signal; when the microwave signal energy is low, the device is in the on state, allowing the signal to pass; and when the microwave signal energy exceeds a certain threshold, the device is switched to the cutoff state, automatically shielding the high-energy microwave signal; this energy adaptability enables the device to maintain effective protection under electromagnetic pulse attacks of different intensities.

[0023] In this embodiment, the device no longer uses components such as filters, transient suppression devices, and limiters, but instead uses passive devices. This design can ensure that the device can operate for a long time and maintain stable protection performance, with high reliability. In a complex and changeable electromagnetic environment, the device can continuously and effectively play a protective role to ensure the safe operation of electronic equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, there are multiple protective components.

[0025] Furthermore, a plurality of the protective components are arranged in an array.

[0026] Furthermore, the number of the gas discharge tubes 1 is four.

[0027] Furthermore, the four gas discharge tubes 1 are respectively arranged on the outside of the metal structure 2 in a cross-symmetrical manner.

[0028] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3 , where L=45mm, H1=45mm, H2=45mm; when electromagnetic wave energy is incident, the high-power electromagnetic protection behaves in a transmission state and has very low insertion loss; when high-power microwave is incident, the high-power electromagnetic protection behaves in a shielding state and has high protection performance.

[0029] Furthermore, the metal frame 3 is arranged in a quadrilateral.

[0030] Furthermore, the metal structure 2 is arranged in a quadrilateral.

[0031] In this embodiment, the metal structure 2 and the metal frame 3 are both made of copper nanoparticles; when the gas discharge tube 1 is in the off state, the entire energy selection device is in the transmission mode; when the gas discharge tube 1 is in the on state, the entire energy selection device is in the shielding mode.

[0032] Furthermore, in the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes 1 close to the inner wall of the metal frame 3 are electrically connected to the metal frame 3 respectively.

[0033] Furthermore, among the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes 1 away from the inner wall of the metal frame 3 are electrically connected to the metal structure 2 .

[0034] Furthermore, the metal structure 2 is an independent metal when the plurality of gas discharge tubes 1 are in a closed state.

[0035] In this embodiment, signals below the threshold are allowed to pass through; signals exceeding the threshold are completely absorbed by the metal frame 3 .

[0036] In the present invention, the metal structure 2 and the gas discharge tube 1 of this design use copper nanoparticles, which can effectively absorb high-power microwaves. When high-power microwaves are radiated to the square metal surface made of copper nanoparticles, the electromagnetic field of the microwaves will interact with the free electrons inside the nanoparticles. Since the size of the nanoparticles is much smaller than the wavelength of the microwaves, they can couple with the microwave field more effectively, resulting in stronger electromagnetic interaction. When the microwave radiation power does not exceed the threshold, the gas discharge tube 1 is in the off state, and the square metals each receive microwave radiation independently. After the square metal structure 2 receives the electric field, a voltage difference is formed between the metals. When the voltage difference exceeds the design threshold, the gas discharge tube 1 is triggered to turn on. The gas discharge tube 1 with a large pressure difference between the square metals is turned on, and the energy after conduction is finally discharged to the ground through the metal frame 3.

[0037] In this utility model, the design is tested, and the test results show that the protection performance is greater than 20db when the ultra-wideband low insertion loss is less than 1db on average in the L, S, and C bands; low insertion loss and high protection performance are achieved; combined with Figure 1 When electromagnetic waves are incident, the transmittance in the transmission state and the shielding state is calculated; it can be concluded that in the transmission state, the insertion loss is less than 1dB at 2GHz-7.5GHz; while in the shielding state, the transmittance is greater than 20dB at 2GHz-7.5GHz, achieving full shielding of high-power microwaves, thereby protecting the sensitive and vulnerable circuits at the back end and realizing high-performance protection for the subsequent circuits.

[0038] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiment and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device, characterized in that: It includes a protective component and a metal frame. The protective component includes a gas discharge tube and a metal structure. A grounding wire is connected to the outside of the metal frame. The gas discharge tube is electrically connected to the metal structure and is located on the outside of the metal structure. The gas discharge tube is also electrically connected to the metal frame and is located on the inner wall of the metal frame.

2. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple protective components.

3. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the protective components are arranged in an array.

4. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the gas discharge tubes is four.

5. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selection protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The four gas discharge tubes are respectively arranged on the outer side of the metal structure in a cross-symmetrical manner.

6. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selective protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal frame is arranged in a quadrilateral.

7. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selective protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The metal structure is arranged in a quadrilateral.

8. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selective protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes close to the inner wall of the metal frame are electrically connected to the metal frame respectively.

9. The adaptive high-power microwave energy selective protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the plurality of protection components, the plurality of gas discharge tubes away from the inner wall of the metal frame are electrically connected to the metal structure.

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