IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Translator) radiating fin structure of automobile electric compressor
By optimizing the fin structure and utilizing the refrigerant flow characteristics, the heat dissipation effect of the IGBT is enhanced, solving the problem of insufficient heat exchange in the existing technology and achieving more efficient heat exchange.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422206451.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing IGBT heat sink fin design of automotive electric compressors fails to fully utilize the refrigerant flow characteristics, resulting in insufficient heat exchange in the center area and affecting the heat dissipation effect of the IGBT.
A heat dissipation fin structure for an IGBT in an automotive electric compressor is designed. By utilizing the arrangement of a fixed plate and heat dissipation fins, the refrigerant airflow rotating close to the shell edge is intercepted and directed toward the center, thereby increasing the heat exchange area and volume.
By optimizing the fin structure, the heat exchange capacity in the center is increased, the overall heat exchange effect is enhanced, and the IGBT is ensured to operate within a safe temperature range.
Smart Images
Figure CN223344328U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a heat dissipation fin structure of an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) of an automobile electric compressor, belonging to the technical field of electric compressors. Background Art
[0002] New energy vehicle electric compressors all feature a compressor controller. The IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) within the controller switch on and off at a constant frequency, transmitting electrical power to the compressor motor, thereby driving the compressor. Because the IGBTs themselves generate heat during this process, heat dissipation is essential to ensure they operate within a safe operating temperature range. Currently, the industry generally removes heat from the IGBTs by circulating refrigerant through the metal casing in contact with the IGBTs, cooling them. The contact pattern and area between the refrigerant and the metal casing significantly influence the amount of heat exchange.
[0003] The first shape of the heat dissipation fins of other products on the market is designed with outward-radiating fins (or ribs), which increases the heat exchange area in contact with the refrigerant; the second shape of the heat dissipation fins of other products on the market is designed with fan-shaped heat dissipation fins in two areas, which increases the heat exchange area in contact with the refrigerant.
[0004] Although the above design increases the heat exchange area between the metal shell and the refrigerant, it does not take into account the flow characteristics of the refrigerant in the shell and use this characteristic to design the fins so that they are in more complete contact with the refrigerant to increase the heat exchange capacity.
[0005] The rotor of the compressor motor rotates at high speed, usually in the range of 1000-8000rpm. At such a high speed, the rotor will drive the refrigerant to rotate and generate centrifugal force. Most of the refrigerant airflow will rotate in the area close to the edge of the shell. That is, during operation, the refrigerant amount is the largest at the edge, and the refrigerant amount is less as it approaches the center, resulting in low heat exchange near the center and poor heat dissipation conditions for the IGBT near the center. Figure 1 As shown in the figure (where A is the rotation direction of the motor rotor; B is the flow direction of the refrigerant airflow at the edge; and D is the flow direction of the refrigerant airflow at the center). The designs of existing products on the market do not take advantage of this flow characteristic. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to make the fins more fully contact with the refrigerant to improve the heat exchange capacity.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present utility model is to provide an automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure, including a shell, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, one end of the fixing plate and the inner wall of the shell form a vent hole for ventilation on both sides of the fixing plate, a motor rotor hole is provided on the fixing plate at the center position of the shell, and a bottom bearing bracket is fixed on the fixing plate around the motor rotor hole. It is characterized in that a plurality of heat dissipation fins that intercept airflow from the edge of the inner wall of the shell and guide it to the edge of the outer wall of the bottom bearing bracket are fixedly connected on one side of the fixing plate and at a position between the bottom bearing bracket and the inner wall of the shell.
[0008] Preferably, the two ends of each heat dissipating fin are respectively a fin head close to the intercepted air flow inlet and a fin tail close to the intercepted air flow outlet, there is a distance between the fin head and the edge of the shell, and there is a distance between the fin tail and the bottom bearing bracket.
[0009] Preferably, the order of the fin head and the fin tail of the heat dissipating fin is along the rotation direction of the motor rotor; the fin head of the heat dissipating fin is located upstream of the fin tail.
[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are only high heat dissipation fins.
[0011] Preferably, the plurality of heat dissipation fins are formed by mixing tall heat dissipation fins and short heat dissipation fins, the height of the tall heat dissipation fins is higher than the height of the short heat dissipation fins; and at least one short heat dissipation fin is provided between every two adjacent tall heat dissipation fins.
[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are in the shape of an arc, an ellipse or a straight line.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0014] The utility model utilizes a heat dissipation fin structure to intercept most of the refrigerant airflow rotating close to the edge of the shell, and makes it flow to the part close to the center, so as to make the heat exchange in the center part more sufficient as much as possible, thereby enhancing the heat exchange capacity in the center part, and at the same time increasing the heat exchange area between the metal shell and the refrigerant, thereby improving the overall heat exchange capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distribution of refrigerant flow in the existing shell;
[0016] Figure 2 A plan view of the IGBT heat dissipation fin structure of an automotive electric compressor;
[0017] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the IGBT heat dissipation fin structure of an automotive electric compressor;
[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the axial space in which the refrigerant airflow rotates;
[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram comparing the back and front of the heat sink structure (comparing the positions of the heat sink and IGBT). DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to make the present invention more clear and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0021] Example 1
[0022] The utility model provides an IGBT heat dissipation fin structure for an automobile electric compressor, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, it includes a shell 1, an inner wall of the shell 1 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 4, one end of the fixing plate 4 and the inner wall of the shell 1 form a vent 2 for ventilation on both sides of the fixing plate 4, and other positions of the fixing plate 4 (except for the end with the vent 2) are connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and a motor rotor hole 6 is provided on the fixing plate 4 at the center position of the shell 1 for the motor rotor to pass through, and a bottom bearing bracket 3 is fixed on the fixing plate 4 around the motor rotor hole 6, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 5 are fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate 4 and at a position between the bottom bearing bracket 3 and the inner wall of the shell 1.
[0023] The two ends of each heat dissipating fin 5 are not connected to the outer wall of the bottom bearing bracket 3 and the inner wall of the shell 1 respectively, that is, the fin head 5a is at a certain distance from the edge of the shell 1, and the fin tail 5b is at a certain distance from the bottom bearing bracket 3.
[0024] The fin head 5a is located near the inlet of the intercepted airflow, and the fin tail 5b is located near the outlet of the intercepted airflow. Along the rotation direction A of the motor rotor, the fin head 5a of the heat dissipating fin 5 is located before the fin tail 5b. That is, the intercepted airflow first passes through the fin head 5a and enters the channel between two adjacent heat dissipating fins 5, and then exits through the channel formed by the heat dissipating fins 5 to the fin tail 5b.
[0025] The fin head 5a of the heat dissipating fin 5 needs to form an angle that is compatible with the refrigerant airflow direction B at the edge position (or the edge of the inner wall of the shell 1) so that the refrigerant airflow can smoothly enter the channel between the two adjacent heat dissipating fins 5, and the fin tail 5b needs to form an angle that is compatible with the refrigerant airflow direction D in the center part (or the edge of the outer wall of the bottom bearing bracket 3).
[0026] The shape of the heat dissipation fins 5 is an arc, an ellipse or other curves, and the shape of the heat dissipation fins 5 can also be a straight line.
[0027] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 5 are in an arc shape. The rotation direction A of the motor rotor is counterclockwise.
[0028] The overall arrangement of the heat dissipation fins 5 corresponds to the position of the IGBT, so that the heat transfer path is the shortest and the heat exchange capacity is improved. Figure 5 shown.
[0029] The working process of this utility model is as follows:
[0030] The rotation of the motor rotor drives the refrigerant gas in the compressor to rotate. Under the action of this centrifugal force, most of the refrigerant gas will move away from the center of rotation and close to the edge of the shell 1 to form a rotating airflow, such as Figure 2 The refrigerant airflow direction B is shown at the edge position;
[0031] By arranging the heat dissipation fins 5 in the present invention, it is possible to intercept more airflow, such as Figure 2 As shown in the flow direction C of the airflow intercepted by the fins, the intercepted airflow flows along the wall surface inside the heat dissipation fin 5 toward the rotation center (i.e. the position of the bottom bearing bracket 3, or the position of the motor rotor hole 6) due to the driving effect of the subsequent airflow.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] In this embodiment, the heat dissipation fins 5 are tall heat dissipation fins 51. The thickness, height, and length of the tall heat dissipation fins 51 are determined based on the results of heat dissipation tests, manufacturing process, and cost. The distance between two adjacent tall heat dissipation fins 51 is also determined based on the results of heat dissipation tests. There are no restrictions on the placement and angle of different tall heat dissipation fins 51; different fins can be placed in different positions and angles.
[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, if the high heat dissipation fins 51 are arranged too densely, they will squeeze the gas flow space of this layer (the gas flow space of this layer and the upper space F of the heat dissipation fins form the entire axial space E where the refrigerant airflow rotates), causing the gas to escape to the upper space F of the heat dissipation fins to flow, so the high heat dissipation fins 51 are arranged relatively loosely.
[0035] The rest is the same as Example 1.
[0036] Example 3
[0037] In this embodiment, the plurality of heat sinks 5 are composed of a mixture of tall heat sinks 51 and short heat sinks 52. The tall heat sinks 51 are taller than the short heat sinks 52. That is, the heat sinks 5 on the fixing plate 4 include both tall heat sinks 51 and short heat sinks 52. At least one short heat sink 52 is located between every two adjacent tall heat sinks 51.
[0038] The decision of whether to arrange the short heat dissipation fins 52 is made based on the heat dissipation test results. There is no limitation on the arrangement orientation and angle of the short heat dissipation fins 52. Different fins can be arranged in different orientations and angles.
[0039] In order to increase the heat exchange area, short heat dissipation fins 52 are arranged between the tall heat dissipation fins 51 to increase the heat exchange area.
[0040] The rest is the same as Example 2.
Claims
1. A heat dissipation fin structure for an IGBT of an automobile electric compressor, comprising a housing (1), a fixing plate (4) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1), one end of the fixing plate (4) and the inner wall of the housing (1) forming a vent hole (2) for ventilation on both sides of the fixing plate (4), a motor rotor hole (6) being provided on the fixing plate (4) at the center of the housing (1), and a bottom bearing bracket (3) being fixed on the fixing plate (4) around the motor rotor hole (6), characterized in that: A plurality of heat dissipation fins (5) are fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate (4) and located between the bottom bearing bracket (3) and the inner wall of the shell (1) and are configured to intercept airflow from the edge of the inner wall of the shell (1) and guide it to the outer wall edge of the bottom bearing bracket (3).
2. The automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of each heat dissipation fin (5) are respectively a fin head (5a) close to the intercepted air flow inlet and a fin tail (5b) close to the intercepted air flow outlet. There is a distance between the fin head (5a) and the edge of the shell (1), and there is a distance between the fin tail (5b) and the bottom bearing bracket (3).
3. The automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fin head (5a) and the fin tail (5b) of the heat dissipation fin (5) are arranged in the order of the rotation direction (A) of the motor rotor; the fin head (5a) of the heat dissipation fin (5) is located upstream of the fin tail (5b).
4. The automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation fins (5) are only high heat dissipation fins (51).
5. The automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of heat dissipation fins (5) are formed by mixing tall heat dissipation fins (51) and short heat dissipation fins (52), wherein the height of the tall heat dissipation fins (51) is higher than the height of the short heat dissipation fins (52); and at least one short heat dissipation fin (52) is provided between every two adjacent tall heat dissipation fins (51).
6. The automotive electric compressor IGBT heat dissipation fin structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the heat dissipation fins (5) is arc-shaped, elliptical or straight.