Rapid hydrogen charging device for steel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of gas-phase hydrogen filling of steel, and provides a rapid hydrogen filling device for steel, which comprises a hydrogen filling chamber and hydrogen filling equipment, the hydrogen filling chamber is a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen filling chamber is connected with the hydrogen filling equipment through a gas guide pipe, a first needle valve is mounted at the joint of the gas guide pipe and the hydrogen filling equipment, and a first tee joint is mounted on the gas guide pipe. One end of the first tee joint is connected with the hydrogen charging chamber, the other end of the first tee joint is connected with the first needle valve, and the third end of the first tee joint is connected with the pressure gauge; the hydrogen filling equipment comprises a vacuum pump and a hydrogen tank, the vacuum pump is connected with a first ventilation pipeline, the hydrogen tank is connected with a second ventilation pipeline, a second tee joint is installed at the joint of the first ventilation pipeline and the second ventilation pipeline, the third end of the second tee joint is connected with a first needle valve, and a second needle valve is installed on the first ventilation pipeline. And a third needle valve is mounted on the second ventilation pipeline. According to the rapid hydrogen charging device for the steel, rapid hydrogen charging of materials can be achieved, and the rapid hydrogen charging device is safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas-phase hydrogen charging of steel, in particular to a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel. Background Art

[0002] Dissolved hydrogen in steel can significantly impact the steel. High levels can cause defects such as hydrogen embrittlement and white spots, which in turn affect the steel's mechanical properties and the safe use of equipment. For example, in high-strength steel used in marine environments, hydrogen atoms can enter the steel through electrochemical corrosion and over-protection, interacting with internal microscopic defects and causing performance degradation, reducing service life and reliability. For this reason, high-strength steel is often pre-charged with hydrogen before use to assess its susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement. This prevents hydrogen embrittlement during application, which could impact the safe use of equipment.

[0003] To evaluate the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of materials, numerous pre-hydrogenation testing methods have been developed, using either electrochemical charging or direct exposure of the sample to a hydrogen atmosphere. However, electrochemical charging is slow, and poisoning agents are often added to the solution to accelerate charging, which is highly hazardous. Furthermore, the hydrogen content in the charged samples is less consistent.

[0004] In gas-phase hydrogen charging, the patent application number CN202010490434.X in the prior art discloses a high-pressure gas-phase thermal hydrogen charging method for austenitic alloys. Based on a high-pressure and high-purity gas-phase thermal hydrogen charging device, the experimental device adopts multiple high-temperature and high-pressure autoclaves. Although the volume is large, the manufacturing cost is high and the hydrogen charging cost is also high.

[0005] The patent application number CN202010490434.X in the prior art discloses a simple high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen filling device, which includes a stainless steel pipe, two plugs made of the same material, a thermocouple, a pressure gauge, an air inlet pipe, a diaphragm valve and connecting accessories. The two plugs have a hole in the middle, a thermocouple is welded in the middle, and an air inlet pipe is welded in the middle. After the experimental material is filled inside the stainless steel pipe, the two plugs are brazed to the two ends of the stainless steel pipe. One end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the diaphragm valve and the pressure gauge. Although the hydrogen filling cost of this patent is low, the hydrogen filling process of the hydrogen filling chamber requires multiple vacuuming-hydrogen filling-vacuuming operations. The operation process is complicated, the hydrogen filling test cycle is long, and it is difficult to ensure the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen filling chamber. The hydrogen filling chamber in the device is a non-standard pressure vessel. When subjected to a high hydrogen pressure, it is difficult to ensure airtightness and safety, and the hydrogen filling device is not reliable. Moreover, the hydrogen filling device is destroyed after the hydrogen filling is completed, and the utilization rate is low.

[0006] In view of this, the present utility model is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel to solve the problems in the prior art of long hydrogen charging test cycle, difficulty in ensuring hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber, poor reliability of the hydrogen charging device due to difficulty in ensuring airtightness and safety when subjected to high hydrogen pressure, and low utilization rate due to damage to the hydrogen charging device after hydrogen charging is completed.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is achieved as follows:

[0009] A rapid hydrogen filling device for steel, the rapid hydrogen filling device for steel comprising a hydrogen filling chamber and a hydrogen filling device, the hydrogen filling chamber being a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen filling chamber and the hydrogen filling device being connected via an air duct, a first needle valve being installed at the connection between the air duct and the hydrogen filling device, a first tee being installed on the air duct, one end of the first tee being connected to the hydrogen filling chamber, the other end of the first tee being connected to the first needle valve, and a third end of the first tee being connected to a pressure gauge; the hydrogen filling device comprising a vacuum pump and a hydrogen tank, the vacuum pump being connected to a first ventilation pipe, the hydrogen tank being connected to a second ventilation pipe, a second tee being installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe, the third end of the second tee being connected to the first needle valve, a second needle valve being installed on the first ventilation pipe, and a third needle valve being installed on the second ventilation pipe.

[0010] The utility model discloses a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel. First, the operation is simple, the hydrogen charging test cycle is short, the rapid hydrogen charging of materials can be achieved, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber can be guaranteed, the hydrogen content of the same batch of hydrogen-charged samples is highly consistent, and it has a good effect on evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of the material; second, the hydrogen charging chamber is a hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder is a standard pressure vessel, which is very reliable in terms of air tightness and safety; third, the hydrogen charging device does not need to be destroyed after the hydrogen charging is completed, and the utilization rate is high.

[0011] Furthermore, the first needle valve is threadedly connected to the hydrogen charging equipment.

[0012] Furthermore, a safety valve is installed between the hydrogen tank and the third needle valve.

[0013] Furthermore, a track sample rack is provided in the hydrogen charging chamber, and the track sample rack is used for placing samples.

[0014] Furthermore, a heating belt is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber, and the heating belt can heat the hydrogen charging chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, a thermocouple is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber, and the thermocouple can monitor the temperature inside the hydrogen charging chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydrogen charging chamber is made of stainless steel.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen cylinder includes a seamless steel pipe and a head assembly, and the head assembly is welded at both ends of the seamless steel pipe for sealing, and the head assembly includes a first head and a second head.

[0018] Furthermore, the head assembly is hemispherical.

[0019] Furthermore, the air guide pipe is threadedly connected to the first three-way connection.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in the utility model is simple to operate and has a short hydrogen charging test cycle. It can realize rapid hydrogen charging of materials and ensure the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber. The hydrogen content of the same batch of hydrogenated samples is highly consistent, which has a good effect on evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of materials.

[0022] 2) The utility model discloses a rapid hydrogen filling device for steel, wherein the hydrogen filling chamber is a hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder is a standard pressure vessel, and has very reliable airtightness and safety.

[0023] 3) The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in the utility model does not need to be destroyed after hydrogen charging is completed. The hydrogen charging device can be recycled, with high utilization rate and reduced cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen charging chamber of a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing of the head of the hydrogen charging chamber of a steel rapid hydrogen charging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the processing of a seamless steel pipe in a hydrogen charging chamber of a steel rapid hydrogen charging device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Hydrogen charging chamber; 101. Seamless steel pipe; 102. Head assembly; 1021. First head; 1022. Second head; 2. Track sample rack; 3. Heating belt; 4. Thermocouple; 5. Gas guide tube; 6. First tee; 7. Pressure gauge; 8. First needle valve; 9. Second tee; 10. Second needle valve; 11. Vacuum pump; 12. Third needle valve; 13. Safety valve; 14. Hydrogen tank; 51. First ventilation pipe; 52. Second ventilation pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The descriptions of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In the prior art, the hydrogen charging test cycle is long, and it is difficult to ensure the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber 1. The hydrogen charging chamber in the device is a non-standard pressure vessel. When subjected to high hydrogen pressure, it is difficult to ensure airtightness and safety, and the hydrogen charging device has poor reliability. Moreover, the hydrogen charging device is destroyed after the hydrogen charging is completed, resulting in low utilization rate.

[0034] In order to solve the above problems, Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment proposes a rapid hydrogen charging device for the steel, including a hydrogen charging chamber 1 and a hydrogen charging device. The hydrogen charging chamber 1 uses a hydrogen cylinder. The hydrogen charging chamber 1 is connected to the hydrogen charging device through an air guide pipe 5. A first needle valve 8 is installed at the connection between the air guide pipe 5 and the hydrogen charging device. A first tee 6 is installed on the air guide pipe 5. One end of the first tee 6 is connected to the hydrogen charging chamber 1, the other end of the first tee 6 is connected to the first needle valve 8, and the third end of the first tee 6 is connected to the pressure gauge 7; the hydrogen charging device includes a vacuum pump 11 and a hydrogen tank 14. The vacuum pump 11 is connected to the first ventilation pipe 51, and the hydrogen tank 14 is connected to the second ventilation pipe 52. A second tee 9 is installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe 51 and the second ventilation pipe 52, and the third end of the second tee 9 is connected to the first needle valve 8. A second needle valve 10 is installed on the first ventilation pipe 51, and a third needle valve 12 is installed on the second ventilation pipe 52.

[0035] The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in the utility model has the following advantages: 1. It is simple to operate and has a short hydrogen charging test cycle. It can realize rapid hydrogen charging of materials and can ensure the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber 1. The hydrogen content of hydrogen-charged samples in the same batch is highly consistent, which has a good effect on evaluating the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of the material; 2. The hydrogen charging chamber 1 is a hydrogen cylinder, which is a standard pressure vessel with strong pressure bearing capacity, high safety, and very reliable air tightness and safety; 3. After the hydrogen charging is completed, there is no need to destroy the hydrogen charging device, and the hydrogen charging device can be recycled, with high utilization rate and reduced cost.

[0036] This embodiment proposes a rapid hydrogen charging device for steel, which pre-charges the material with hydrogen to assess the material's hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity, predict the material's application reliability in advance, and improve application safety.

[0037] The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in this embodiment specifically adopts a hydrogen charging device with high hydrogen charging efficiency, high safety and reliability, so that the hydrogen-charged sample can be rapidly charged with hydrogen under high temperature and high pressure conditions.

[0038] Specifically, the first needle valve 8 is threadedly connected to the hydrogen charging device.

[0039] Specifically, a safety valve 13 is installed between the hydrogen tank 14 and the third needle valve 12 , and the safety valve 13 ensures the safety and reliability of the hydrogen charging equipment.

[0040] Specifically, a track sample rack 2 is provided in the hydrogen charging chamber 1 , and the track sample rack 2 is used for placing samples.

[0041] Specifically, a heating belt 3 is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber 1, and the heating belt 3 can heat the hydrogen charging chamber 1. This arrangement facilitates installation and removal of the heating belt 3.

[0042] Specifically, a thermocouple 4 is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber 1, and the thermocouple 4 can monitor the temperature inside the hydrogen charging chamber 1. This arrangement facilitates installation and removal of the thermocouple 4.

[0043] Specifically, the hydrogen charging chamber 1 is made of stainless steel.

[0044] Preferably, in this embodiment, the hydrogen charging chamber 1 is made of S31608 stainless steel.

[0045] Specifically, the air guide tube 5 is threadedly connected to the first tee 6 ; the hydrogen charging chamber 1 is connected to the air guide tube 5 by welding, and the sample can be placed or taken out at will through the air guide tube 5 .

[0046] Specifically, the first tee 6 and the second tee 9 are both threaded tees with a higher pressure resistance grade, which are easy to disassemble and ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0047] Specifically, the hydrogen cylinder includes a seamless steel pipe 101 and a head assembly 102. The head assembly 102 is welded at both ends of the seamless steel pipe 101 for sealing. The head assembly 102 is hemispherical.

[0048] Specifically, the head assembly 102 includes a first head 1021 and a second head 1022 .

[0049] Specifically, the head assembly 102 is formed by hydraulic molding.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the head assembly 102 is welded to both ends of the seamless steel pipe 101. During welding, the angle of the butt joint on the head assembly 102 is α, with a root of 2 mm, and α = 60°; the angle of the butt joint on the seamless steel pipe 101 is β, with a root of 2 mm, and β = 60°.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer diameter of the seamless steel pipe 101 is D, the inner diameter of the seamless steel pipe 101 is d, and the length of the straight side section of the seamless steel pipe 101 is L.

[0052] Specifically, the hydrogen cylinder has a volume of 2 to 5 liters and can be used at high temperatures (≤500°C) without repeated charging and discharging. A single use time of up to 100 hours is possible. The cylinder's thickness and dimensions are designed and calculated based on the GB / T150.3-2024 pressure vessel design standard and safety factor. The wall thickness is increased to ensure safety. See Table 1 for the hydrogen cylinder's dimensions.

[0053] Table 1 Hydrogen cylinder size design table

[0054]

[0055] Specifically, the application steps of the rapid hydrogen charging device for steel in this embodiment are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Prepare the hydrogen charging chamber 1. Select a seamless steel tube 101 of appropriate size according to the test requirements. Place the track specimen holder 2 inside the seamless steel tube 101. Hydroform the hemispherical first and second heads 1021, 1022 at both ends of the seamless steel tube 101. Connect the first and second heads 1021, 1022 to the ends of the seamless steel tube 101 by welding. The hydrogen charging chamber 1 is now complete.

[0057] Step 2: Place the sample. Drill a hole in the middle of the second end cap 1022 and weld it to the air guide tube 5. Place the sample in the hydrogen charging chamber 1 via the track sample rack 2.

[0058] Step 3: Complete the assembly of the hydrogen charging device. Install a thermocouple 4 and a heating tape 3 on the outer surface of the hydrogen charging chamber 1 to facilitate heating and monitoring the temperature of the hydrogen charging chamber 1. The air guide tube 5 is connected to the first tee 6 via a thread to facilitate the placement and removal of samples. The first needle valve 8 is connected to the hydrogen charging device via a thread. Except for the vacuum pump 11 and the second needle valve 10, and the hydrogen tank 14 and the third needle valve 12, the rest of the hydrogen charging device is connected by welding. The hydrogen charging device is now assembled.

[0059] Step 4: Calculate the hydrogen content. According to the ideal gas state equation PV = nRT, under the same volume, the gas pressure increases exponentially with the increase in gas temperature. Therefore, before charging the hydrogen charging chamber 1 with hydrogen, it is necessary to calculate the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen charging chamber 1 at room temperature (298K) based on the gas temperature and pressure requirements in the test plan to ensure that the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen charging chamber 1 is at an appropriate state after heating;

[0060] Step 5: Fill the hydrogen charging chamber 1 with hydrogen. Turn on the vacuum pump 11 to evacuate the hydrogen charging chamber 1. After the evacuation is completed, close the second needle valve 10, open the third needle valve 12 and the valve of the hydrogen tank 14, and fill the hydrogen charging chamber 1 with hydrogen according to the calculated results. When the pressure gauge 7 shows the calculated value, close the valve of the hydrogen tank 14, the third needle valve 12 and the first needle valve 8 to stabilize the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen charging chamber 1. After the hydrogen charging is completed, disassemble the first needle valve 8 and the threaded connection of the hydrogen charging equipment as a whole;

[0061] Step 6: Heating and hydrogen charging. Heat the hydrogen charging chamber 1 through the heating belt 3. When the temperature of the thermocouple 4 reaches the test temperature, observe whether the pressure gauge 7 reaches the specified pressure. If the pressure is too high, adjust it through the first needle valve 8.

[0062] Step 7: Sampling. After the sample is filled with hydrogen, wait for the temperature of the hydrogen filling chamber 1 to drop to room temperature, discharge the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen filling chamber 1 through the first needle valve 8, then remove the connection between the air guide tube 5 and the first three-way valve 6 through the thread, remove the sample, and complete the hydrogen filling test.

[0063] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hydrogen charging device with high hydrogen charging efficiency, large capacity, and high safety. This device addresses the problems of long hydrogen charging test cycles and poor reliability of existing hydrogen charging devices. It enables large quantities of hydrogen charging samples to be charged with a hydrogen content that meets test requirements in a relatively short period of time, thereby achieving higher hydrogen charging efficiency, shortening the charging time, and making the hydrogen charging device recyclable, thereby reducing costs.

[0064] Performance Testing

[0065] 10CrNi8MoV is a commonly used steel for ship fasteners. Assessing the material's hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity is crucial. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel described in Example 1 was used to conduct high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen charging tests on the material under the same conditions. The hydrogen charging test information is shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2 Hydrogen charging test information

[0067]

[0068] There were no abnormalities in the hydrogen charging process. As shown in Table 2, the hydrogen content in the samples was highly consistent, and the hydrogen charging results met the expected requirements. The hydrogen charging time was only 5 hours, and the hydrogen charging test cycle was short, which could achieve rapid hydrogen charging of the material.

[0069] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid hydrogen charging device for steel, characterized in that: The steel rapid hydrogen charging device comprises a hydrogen charging chamber (1) and a hydrogen charging device, wherein the hydrogen charging chamber (1) is a hydrogen cylinder, the hydrogen charging chamber (1) and the hydrogen charging device are connected via an air guide tube (5), a first needle valve (8) is installed at the connection between the air guide tube (5) and the hydrogen charging device, a first three-way valve (6) is installed on the air guide tube (5), one end of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to the hydrogen charging chamber (1), the other end of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to the first needle valve (8), and the third end of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to a pressure gauge (7). The hydrogen filling device includes a vacuum pump (11) and a hydrogen tank (14), wherein the vacuum pump (11) is connected to a first ventilation pipe (51), and the hydrogen tank (14) is connected to a second ventilation pipe (52). A second tee (9) is installed at the connection between the first ventilation pipe (51) and the second ventilation pipe (52), and a third end of the second tee (9) is connected to the first needle valve (8). A second needle valve (10) is installed on the first ventilation pipe (51), and a third needle valve (12) is installed on the second ventilation pipe (52).

2. A rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first needle valve (8) is threadedly connected to the hydrogen charging device.

3. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety valve (13) is installed between the hydrogen tank (14) and the third needle valve (12).

4. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A track sample rack (2) is provided in the hydrogen charging chamber (1), and the track sample rack (2) is used for placing samples.

5. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating belt (3) is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber (1), and the heating belt (3) is capable of heating the hydrogen charging chamber (1).

6. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thermocouple (4) is installed outside the hydrogen charging chamber (1), and the thermocouple (4) is capable of monitoring the temperature inside the hydrogen charging chamber (1).

7. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen charging chamber (1) is made of stainless steel.

8. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen cylinder comprises a seamless steel pipe (101) and a head assembly (102). The head assembly (102) is welded at both ends of the seamless steel pipe (101) for sealing. The head assembly (102) comprises a first head assembly (1021) and a second head assembly (1022).

9. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The head assembly (102) is hemispherical.

10. The rapid hydrogen charging device for steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide pipe (5) is threadedly connected to the first tee (6).

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