Controllable power supply electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery

Abstract

The utility model relates to a controllable power supply electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery, a furnace body comprises a furnace shell and a furnace cover fixedly arranged at the top end of the furnace shell, an electrode assembly comprises a graphite electrode and a bottom electrode, the graphite electrode is arranged above the furnace cover, the bottom electrode is arranged at the bottom in the furnace shell, and the graphite electrode is arranged above the furnace cover. The bottom electrode is insulated from the furnace shell, and a conducting circuit of the bottom electrode is connected to the short net system. The power supply is an ultralow-frequency controllable polarity power supply device, the input of the power supply is at the primary end of the transformer system, the output of the power supply is the output ends of the power supply cabinet system and the reactor system, and the power supply is output to the short network system. The device can be used for the technical process of gathering valuable metals in the melting smelting of solid waste residues, can deeply recover the valuable metals, improves the recovery rate of the metals, reasonably utilizes the heat of high-temperature liquid slag, directly reduces the metals in the slag, improves the recovery ratio and purity of the metals in the solid waste residues, and reduces the production cost. And meanwhile, solid waste residues obtained after metal extraction are subjected to slag system reconstruction, so that the activity is improved, and the quality is stable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to metallurgical solid waste residue processing technical field especially, relates to a kind of controllable power supply electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solid waste refers to the solid waste generated in social life or industrial production, according to different standards of composition, form, source, etc., solid waste can be divided into multiple categories. Among them, smelting slag is a solid waste type with high recycling value rich in valuable metal elements, and the valuable metals in solid waste slag are recycled, and the depleted slag after recycling can be used as raw material for thermal insulation materials or building materials.

[0003] For example, steelmaking solid waste slag, i.e. steel slag, is a metallurgical slag that must be disposed of by each steel plant. In the steel slag discarded by electric furnace steelmaking and converter steelmaking, there are about 20% iron oxides and about 10% free iron elements, which are of great recycling value; at the same time, the reaction activity of steel slag is very low and basically cannot be utilized.

[0004] The existing equipment and method for disposing oxidized slag solid waste are usually wet refining, solid state roasting and electric furnace melting.

[0005] Wet refining is a method of extracting reducible or elemental metal elements from solid waste slag by chemical solution reaction, which is carried out by using the principle and technology of chemical wet metallurgy; therefore, such disposal method will cause secondary pollution of wastewater, and due to the low content of recyclable elements in solid waste slag, the disposal cost is often high, and it is only suitable for a few solid wastes with high recycling value and light secondary pollution.

[0006] Solid state roasting is to mix oxidized slag solid waste and reducing agent and other auxiliary materials, and then to carry out calcination through roasting kiln equipment or high temperature and high pressure disposal, so that part of the metal oxides in the solid waste will be reduced to single element, and then the reduced metal elements are extracted by magnetic separation or wet leaching; therefore, such disposal method requires the recovered metal to have magnetic property, or needs to be combined with wet refining for final valuable metal recovery, which has low recovery efficiency, high cost and narrow application range.

[0007] Electric furnace melting is to melt oxidized slag solid waste in electric arc furnace at high temperature, so as to separate metal elements or carry out liquid phase reduction, and obtain valuable metal liquid and depleted slag; this disposal method is the most widely used solid waste disposal method, and almost all solid waste slag containing high value metals can be recovered by electric furnace melting. Through electric furnace melting disposal, most of the metal elements in solid waste slag have been extracted, and it is a depleted slag melt containing a small amount of free metal with high reaction activity.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a controllable power electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery, which is a new type of electric furnace device for deep treatment of the poor slag melt, which can provide a heat source for the heat preservation and reconstruction of the poor slag, and can more thoroughly recover the free metal in the poor slag. Content of the utility model

[0009] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing a controllable power electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery, which can change the power supply structure of the electric furnace under the condition of uninterrupted power supply in the smelting process by configuring an ultralow-frequency controllable polarity power device, and realize two modes of furnace bottom anode or furnace bottom cathode.

[0010] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0011] A controllable power electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery, comprising a furnace body, an electrode assembly, a power supply and a short net system, the furnace body comprises a furnace shell and a furnace cover fixedly arranged at the top end of the furnace shell, the furnace cover is provided with a feeding port and an electrode port; the electrode assembly comprises a graphite electrode and a bottom electrode, the graphite electrode is arranged above the furnace cover, the graphite electrode is provided with an electrode lifting device, the bottom electrode is arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell, the bottom electrode is insulated from the furnace shell, the conductive circuit of the bottom electrode is connected to the short net system, and the structure of the bottom electrode is designed according to the structure of the furnace body. The power supply is an ultralow-frequency controllable polarity power device, the power supply comprises a transformer system, a power supply cabinet system and a reactor system, the input of the power supply is at the primary end of the transformer system, the output of the power supply is the output end of the power supply cabinet system and the reactor system, and the power supply is output to the short net system.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply further comprises a control system, the control system controls the power supply to output ultralow-frequency two-pole controllable polarity power supply or output single-phase direct current power supply, and realizes two modes of furnace bottom anode or furnace bottom cathode. The power supply can change the power supply structure of the electric furnace under the condition of uninterrupted power supply in the smelting process.

[0013] Preferably, the graphite electrode is a three-phase lifting electrode system, the lifting control of the three-phase lifting electrode is independent of each other, the power supply polarity of the three-phase lifting electrode is the same and consistent, and the shape of the graphite electrode is matched with the electrode port on the furnace cover. The electrode lifting device of the graphite electrode can adjust the height of the graphite electrode, so as to adjust the depth of the graphite electrode inserted into the furnace shell.

[0014] The utility model discloses a three -phase electrode system is inserted into the power supply cathode in the three -phase lifting electrode system common access power supply cathode, the furnace bottom electrode is accessed power supply anode, forms three hot spot's direct current melting effect in the heating and heat preservation stage of the electric furnace disposal of steel slag, and the power supply device is switched to the three -phase electrode system, and the furnace bottom electrode is accessed power supply cathode, forms three hot spot's direct current refining effect, and the molten pool forms direct current electrolysis structure from top to bottom, and the metal cation gathers to the furnace bottom, and the metal recovery rate is improved.

[0015] Preferably, the side wall of the furnace shell is provided with a slag inlet at the upper portion. The high-temperature liquid slag is poured into the furnace shell through the slag inlet.

[0016] Preferably, the furnace cover is provided with a feeding pipe above, which is matched with a feeding port on the furnace cover. The reducing agent and the reconstituting agent are added into the furnace shell through the feeding pipe. The feeding pipe is provided with a winch. When feeding into the furnace shell, the feeding pipe is inserted into the furnace shell through the feeding port by the winch to a position close to the surface of the molten pool for discharging. When the feeding is completed, the feeding pipe is pulled out of the furnace shell by the winch to avoid deformation of the feeding pipe due to high-temperature baking in the furnace shell for a long time.

[0017] Preferably, the side wall of the furnace shell is further provided with a tapping hole and a slag outlet, and the position of the slag outlet is higher than that of the tapping hole. The furnace body is fixed on the foundation and is not tilted during use. The molten pool in the furnace is discharged by opening the tapping hole and the slag outlet. The flow discharge type can make the slag liquid and the molten iron in the furnace stratify and be discharged separately.

[0018] Preferably, the furnace cover is of a tubular water cooling structure, and the furnace shell is of a double-layer water cooling structure. The water cooling structure can isolate the high temperature of smelting and has a long service life, so that the refractory material is not overheated and the consumption of the refractory material is reduced.

[0019] The working process of the controllable power supply electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery is as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Pour the high-temperature liquid slag into the furnace shell through the slag inlet.

[0021] Step 2: Lower the graphite electrode through the electrode lifting device, and insert the graphite electrode into the liquid slag in the furnace shell through the electrode port of the furnace cover. The graphite electrode and the bottom electrode cooperate to heat. When the electric furnace disposal of solid waste slag is carried out, the control system of the power supply is controlled to realize the power supply of the graphite electrode three-phase cathode and the bottom electrode furnace bottom anode, or the power supply of the graphite electrode three-phase anode and the bottom electrode furnace bottom cathode.

[0022] Step 3, the feeding pipe is inserted into the furnace shell through the feeding port of the furnace cover, the reducing agent is added to reduce the metal in the slag, and the reconstituting agent is used to reconstitute the original slag system into the raw material of cement clinker, slag powder, mineral wool and microcrystalline glass, and after the feeding is completed, the feeding pipe is pulled out by the winch to the outside of the furnace shell;

[0023] Step 4, after the reaction is completed, the upper slag liquid is discharged through the slag outlet, and then the lower metal liquid is discharged through the tapping hole;

[0024] Step 5, during the heating treatment of the solid waste slag, cooling water continuously flows through the water cooling structure of the furnace cover and the furnace shell to cool the furnace cover and the furnace shell, so that the service life of the furnace cover and the furnace shell is longer;

[0025] Step 6, the furnace shell discharging the slag liquid and the metal liquid continues to feed the slag through the slag inlet, and the next working cycle is carried out.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0027] The utility model discloses a controllable power electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery adopts the method that high-temperature liquid slag is directly put into the furnace and handled, saves the electrode heating power consumption of solid waste slag melting treatment device, and saves electricity. It can be used for the process of gathering valuable metals in the solid waste slag smelting, can deeply recover valuable metals, improve the recovery rate of metals, reasonably utilize the heat of high-temperature liquid slag, directly reduce the metal in the slag, improve the recovery ratio and purity of the metal in the solid waste slag, and carry out slag system reconstruction to the solid waste slag after extracting the metal, so that the activity is improved, the quality is stable, and the waste is changed into treasure.

[0028] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the utility model, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model and can be implemented according to the content of the specification, at the same time, in order to make the above and other purposes, technical features and advantages of the utility model more easy to understand, one or more preferred embodiments are listed as follows, and are described in detail as follows in cooperation with the drawings. DRAWINGS

[0029] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplary illustrations do not constitute the limitation of the embodiments, the elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the similar elements, unless specially stated, the drawings do not constitute the proportional limitation.

[0030] Figure 1 The whole structure schematic diagram of the utility model discloses a controllable power electric furnace equipment device for valuable metal recovery is shown.

[0031] Main drawing mark explanation:

[0032] 1-furnace cover, 2-furnace shell, 3-graphite electrode, 4-bottom electrode, 5-power supply, 6-slag inlet, 7-feed pipe, 8-iron outlet, 9-slag outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation.

[0034] Unless expressly stated otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term “comprise” or variations such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood to include the stated elements or components but not to exclude other elements or components.

[0035] In this document, for ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "below," "beneath," "down," "above," "above," etc. may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the object in the figure is turned over, the element described as being "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can include both below and above directions. Objects may also have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a controllable power supply electric furnace apparatus for valuable metal recovery comprises a furnace body, an electrode assembly, a power supply 5, and a short-circuit system. The furnace body comprises a furnace shell 2 and a furnace cover 1 fixedly mounted on the top of the furnace shell. The furnace cover 1 is provided with a feed inlet and an electrode port. The furnace cover 1 is a tubular water-cooled structure, while the furnace shell 2 is a double-layer water-cooled structure. The water-cooling structure not only isolates the smelting high temperature but also has a sufficiently long service life, preventing the refractory material from overheating, thereby reducing refractory consumption.

[0037] The electrode assembly includes a graphite electrode 3 and a bottom electrode 4. The graphite electrode 3 is arranged above the furnace cover 1. An electrode lifting device is provided on the graphite electrode 3. The bottom electrode 4 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell 2. The bottom electrode 4 is insulated from the furnace shell 2. The conductive line of the bottom electrode 4 is connected to the short-circuit system. The structure of the bottom electrode 4 is designed according to the structure of the furnace body.

[0038] The graphite electrode 3 is a three-phase lifting electrode system, the lifting control of the three-phase lifting electrode is independent of each other, the power supply polarity of the three-phase lifting electrode is the same, and the shape of the graphite electrode 3 is matched with the electrode port on the furnace cover 1. The electrode lifting device of the graphite electrode 3 can adjust the height of the graphite electrode 3, so as to adjust the depth of the graphite electrode 3 inserted into the furnace shell 2.

[0039] In use, the three-cathode single-phase direct current power supply structure is used in the heating and heat preservation stage when the electric furnace is disposed of the steel slag, so as to improve the heating speed. The power supply device is switched to the three-cathode single-phase direct current power supply structure, the three-phase lifting electrode system is commonly connected to the power supply cathode, the furnace bottom electrode is connected to the power supply anode, and the three hot spot direct current melting effect is formed. The three-anode single-phase direct current power supply structure is used in the free metal settlement stage, so as to deeply recover the valuable metal. The power supply device is switched to the three-anode single-phase direct current power supply structure, the three-phase lifting electrode system is commonly connected to the power supply anode, the furnace bottom electrode is connected to the power supply cathode, and the three hot spot direct current refining effect is formed. The molten pool forms a direct current electrolysis structure from top to bottom, the metal cations gather to the furnace bottom, and the metal recovery rate is improved.

[0040] The power supply 5 is an ultra-low frequency controllable polarity power supply device, the power supply 5 comprises a transformer system, a power supply cabinet system and a reactor system, the input of the power supply 5 is at the primary end of the transformer system, the output of the power supply 5 is the output end of the power supply cabinet system and the reactor system, and the power supply 5 outputs to the short network system. The power supply 5 further comprises a control system, the control system controls the power supply 5 to output the ultra-low frequency two-pole controllable polarity power supply or output the single-phase direct current power supply, and realizes two modes of the furnace bottom anode or the furnace bottom cathode. The power supply 5 can change the power supply structure of the electric furnace under the condition that the power supply is not interrupted during smelting.

[0041] The upper part of the side wall of the furnace shell 2 is provided with a slag inlet 6. The high-temperature liquid slag is poured into the furnace shell 2 through the slag inlet 6.

[0042] The upper part of the furnace cover 1 is provided with a feeding pipe 7, the feeding pipe 7 is matched with the feeding port on the furnace cover 1, and the reducing agent and the reconstituting agent are added into the furnace shell 2 through the feeding pipe 7. The feeding pipe 7 is provided with a winch, when feeding into the furnace shell 2, the feeding pipe 7 is inserted into the furnace shell 2 through the feeding port to a position close to the surface of the molten pool by the winch to discharge, and when the feeding is completed, the feeding pipe 7 is pulled out of the furnace shell 2 by the winch, so that the feeding pipe 7 is prevented from being deformed by high-temperature baking in the furnace shell 2 for a long time.

[0043] The side wall of the furnace shell 2 is further provided with a tapping hole 8 and a slag outlet 9, and the position of the slag outlet 9 is higher than that of the tapping hole 8. The furnace body is fixed on the foundation and is not tilted during use, and the molten pool in the furnace is discharged by opening the tapping hole 8 and the slag outlet 9; the flow discharge type can make the slag liquid and the molten iron in the furnace stratified in the upper and lower parts discharged respectively more easily.

[0044] The working process of the controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery is as follows:

[0045] Step 1, pour the high-temperature liquid slag into the furnace shell 2 through the slag inlet 6;

[0046] Step 2, lower the graphite electrode 3 through the electrode lifting device, insert it into the liquid slag in the furnace shell 2 through the electrode port of the furnace cover 1, and cooperate with the bottom electrode 4 for heating, so that when the electric furnace disposal of solid waste slag is performed, the control system of the power supply 5 can be controlled to realize the power supply of the graphite electrode 3 three-phase cathode and the bottom electrode 4 furnace bottom anode, or the power supply of the graphite electrode 3 three-phase anode and the bottom electrode 4 furnace bottom cathode;

[0047] Step 3, insert the feeding pipe 7 into the furnace shell 2 through the feeding port of the furnace cover 1, add the reducing agent to reduce the metal in the slag and the reconstituting agent to reconstitute the original slag into the raw materials of cement clinker, slag powder, mineral wool, microcrystalline glass and other products, and after the feeding is completed, the feeding pipe 7 is pulled out of the furnace shell 2 by the winch;

[0048] Step 4, after the reaction is completed, open the slag outlet 9 to discharge the upper slag liquid, and then open the tapping hole 8 to discharge the lower metal liquid;

[0049] Step 5, during the heating treatment of the solid waste slag, cooling water flows through the water cooling structure of the furnace cover 1 and the furnace shell 2 to cool the furnace cover 1 and the furnace shell 2, so as to ensure a longer service life;

[0050] Step 6, the furnace shell 2 discharging slag liquid and metal liquid continues to feed slag through the slag inlet 6 to perform the next working cycle.

[0051] The foregoing description of the specific exemplary embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of explanation and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present application to the precise forms disclosed, and many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the principles of the present application and its practical application and to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present application and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modification, equivalent replacement, and modification of the above-described exemplary embodiments should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a furnace body, an electrode assembly, a power supply (5) and a short-circuit system, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace shell (2) and a furnace cover (1) fixedly arranged on the top of the furnace shell, and the furnace cover (1) is provided with a feed port and an electrode port; The electrode assembly comprises a graphite electrode (3) and a bottom electrode (4); the graphite electrode (3) is arranged above the furnace cover (1); an electrode lifting device is provided on the graphite electrode (3); the bottom electrode (4) is arranged at the bottom of the furnace shell (2); the bottom electrode (4) is insulated from the furnace shell (2); and a conductive line of the bottom electrode (4) is connected to a short-circuit system; The power supply (5) is an ultra-low frequency controllable polarity power supply device, comprising a transformer system, a power cabinet system, and a reactor system. The input of the power supply (5) is at the primary end of the transformer system, the output of the power supply (5) is at the output end of the power cabinet system and the reactor system, and the power supply (5) is output to the short-circuit network system.

2. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply (5) further comprises a control system, wherein the control system controls the power supply (5) to output ultra-low frequency bipolar controllable polarity power supply or output single-phase DC power supply, thereby realizing two modes: furnace bottom anode or furnace bottom cathode.

3. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The graphite electrode (3) is a three-phase lifting electrode system, the lifting control of the three-phase lifting electrodes is independent of each other, the supply polarity of the three-phase lifting electrodes is the same, and the shape of the graphite electrode (3) matches the electrode opening on the furnace cover (1).

4. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slag inlet (6) is provided on the upper portion of the side wall of the furnace shell (2).

5. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 4, characterized in that: A feed pipe (7) is provided above the furnace cover (1), and the feed pipe (7) matches the feed port on the furnace cover (1).

6. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: An iron outlet (8) and a slag outlet (9) are also provided on the side wall of the furnace shell (2), and the position of the slag outlet (9) is higher than that of the iron outlet (8).

7. The controllable power supply electric furnace device for valuable metal recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace cover (1) is a tubular water-cooling structure, and the furnace shell (2) is a double-layer water-cooling structure.

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