Vertical milling and turning combined machine tool and turning shaft thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a vertical milling and turning combined machine tool and a turning shaft thereof, the turning shaft comprises a fixed seat, a sliding plate and a turning tool position, and further comprises a linear motor used for driving the sliding plate to move along a sliding rail, a grating ruler used for detecting the displacement of the sliding plate and a locking assembly, the locking assembly can move on the sliding rail in a first state; in the second state, the locking assembly can be self-locked on the sliding rail; the fixing seat comprises a fixing seat body, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are vertically arranged and connected in an L shape, and a plurality of mounting holes used for being fixedly connected with a stand column of the machine tool body are distributed in the first mounting plate. By adopting the turning shaft in the embodiment of the invention, the response speed and the positioning precision during turning can be improved to a certain extent, and the occupied area is not increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machine tool, specifically, relate to a kind of turning shaft and vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool for vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool currently in use has lower working efficiency in milling the light surface of the five-axis linkage than in turning the light surface when machining the rotary curved surface parts. In this type of application scenario, the main shaft for turning is required to have fast response speed and high positioning accuracy. In addition, this type of composite machine tool for machining workpieces in certain industries is also required to have as small floor area as possible.

[0003] However, the main shaft of the conventional vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool is relatively bulky, has slow response speed, and is difficult to meet the requirements in terms of positioning accuracy, so it is difficult to efficiently and accurately machine the rotary curved surface parts. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model aims to provide a turning shaft for vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool and vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool, which can improve the response speed and positioning accuracy of the vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool to a certain extent without increasing the floor area.

[0005] The utility model aims to achieve the following technical solutions:

[0006] One aspect of the utility model embodiment provides a turning shaft for vertical milling-lathe composite machine tool, which comprises:

[0007] A fixed seat is used to connect with the machine tool body, and a vertical slide rail is arranged on the fixed seat;

[0008] A sliding plate is slidably arranged on the slide rail;

[0009] A turning tool position is arranged at the lower end of the sliding plate and is used to mount a tool for turning workpieces;

[0010] A linear motor is arranged on the fixed seat, and the linear motor is used to drive the sliding plate to move along the slide rail and is connected with the control system of the machine tool body;

[0011] A grating ruler is used to detect the displacement of the sliding plate and is connected with the control system of the machine tool body; and

[0012] A locking assembly is arranged on the sliding plate; in a first state, the locking assembly can move on the slide rail, and in a second state, the locking assembly can be self-locked on the slide rail;

[0013] The fixing base comprises a fixing base body, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are vertically arranged and in L-shaped connection, the fixing base body is provided with vertically arranged sliding rails, the fixing base body is mounted on the second mounting plate, and the first mounting plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for fixed connection with the stand of the machine tool body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the grating ruler comprises a scale provided on the side of the fixing base and a reading head provided on the side of the sliding plate, and the reading head and the scale are located on the same side of the fixing base.

[0015] In some embodiments, the locking assembly is a pneumatic clamp or a hydraulic clamp.

[0016] In some embodiments, the linear motor comprises a linear stator and a linear mover, the linear stator is vertically arranged on the fixing base, one side of the linear mover is slidably arranged on the linear stator, and the other side of the linear mover is connected with the sliding plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the turning shaft further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the sliding stroke range of the sliding plate on the sliding rails.

[0018] In some embodiments, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting block, a second limiting block and an abutting structure, the first limiting block and the second limiting block are arranged in an up-down manner on the fixing base, the abutting structure is arranged on the sliding plate, and the sliding plate moves up and down along the sliding rails to make the abutting structure abut on the first limiting block and the second limiting block in a corresponding up-down manner.

[0019] In some embodiments, the turning shaft further comprises a pulling structure, the pulling structure comprises a first pulling member and a second pulling member, the first pulling member comprises a vertical structure arranged on one side along the direction of the sliding rails, one end of the first pulling member away from the vertical structure is fixed on the fixing base, one end of the second pulling member is connected with the sliding plate, and the other end of the second pulling member is slidably connected with the end of the vertical structure away from the fixing base.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first pulling member is internally provided with a through wiring channel.

[0021] In some embodiments, two limiting columns are arranged at intervals on one end of the first pulling member close to the vertical structure, and the two limiting columns are located on the inner side of the end; one end of a second pulling member is fixed to a sliding plate, and the other end of the second pulling member is provided with a stop block, so that the second pulling member as a whole presents a T-shaped structure; the second pulling member is located between the two limiting columns, and the stop block forms two right angles with the two sides of the second pulling member.

[0022] Another aspect of the embodiment of the utility model provides a vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool, the vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool includes machine tool body and the technical scheme of the lathe of any one of preceding embodiments, the machine tool body includes base, stand, worktable and milling main shaft for installing cutter,

[0023] The stand is arranged on the base, the worktable can move along X axis and Y axis respectively relative to the base, the milling main shaft is arranged on the stand and can move up and down, the fixing seat of the lathe is arranged on the stand, and the lathe is vertically arranged on one side of the milling main shaft.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the utility model include: the separately arranged lathe is smaller in overall volume compared with the composite main shaft and is no longer bulky. The linear motor is configured as a driving component, and the sliding plate and the sliding rail are in sliding fit, so that the response speed of the lathe is faster. The grating ruler detects the displacement of the sliding plate, cooperates with the control system of the vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool, and has high positioning accuracy and can be corrected to the target position specified by the program. In addition, the mounting structure on the fixing seat in the embodiment of the application enables the lathe to be conveniently mounted on the stand of the machine tool body, thereby minimizing the floor area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the utility model and constitute a part of the application, the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and the description thereof are used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute undue limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is the structure diagram of the lathe in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the structure diagram of another view of the lathe in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the partial sectional view of the lathe in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the partial schematic view of the lathe in some embodiments of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 Fig. 1 is a structure schematic diagram of a vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool with a turning shaft installed on a machine tool body in some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 Fig. 2 is another structure schematic diagram of a vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool with a turning shaft installed on a machine tool body in some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows:

[0033] 1-fixed seat, 11-slideway, 12-third mounting plate, 13-fixed seat body, 14-first mounting plate, 15-second mounting plate, 16-strengthening structure, 2-slideway plate, 3-lathe position, 4-grating ruler, 41-ruler, 42-reading head, 5-air pressure assembly, 6-linear motor, 61-linear stator, 62-linear rotor, 7-limiting structure, 71-first limiting block, 72-second limiting block, 73-abutting structure, 8-pulling structure, 81-first pulling piece, 82-second pulling piece, 83-limiting column, 84-stop block, 9-protection assembly, 10-cooling structure;

[0034] 100-stand, 200-workbench, 300-milling main shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the present application scheme, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 An aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a turning shaft for a vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool, which comprises a fixed seat 1, a slideway plate 2, a lathe position 3, a grating ruler 4, a linear motor 6 and an air pressure assembly 5.

[0037] The fixed seat 1 is used to be connected with the machine tool body of the vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool, and the fixed seat 1 is provided with a slideway 11 arranged vertically. The slideway plate 2 is slidably arranged on the slideway 11. The lathe position 3 is arranged at the lower end of the slideway plate 2 and is used to install the cutter for turning workpieces.

[0038] The linear motor 6 is arranged on the fixed base 1, and is used to drive the slide plate 2 to move along the slide rail 11; the grating ruler 4 is used to detect the displacement of the slide plate 2. The linear motor 6 and the grating ruler 4 are both connected with the control system of the machine tool body, so that the control system of the machine tool body can receive the displacement signal of the slide plate 2 detected by the grating ruler 4, and control the action of the linear motor 6 according to the displacement signal.

[0039] The locking assembly 5 is arranged on the slide plate 2, and in the first state, the locking assembly 5 can move on the slide rail 11; in the second state, the locking assembly 5 can be self-locked on the slide rail 11. The first state of the locking assembly 5 includes the cases of power-on, air circuit closure or hydraulic circuit closure, and the second state of the locking assembly 5 includes the cases of power-off, air circuit disconnection or hydraulic circuit disconnection. In the first state, the locking assembly 5 can loosen the clamping of the slide rail 11, so that the slide plate 2 can slide relative to the slide rail 11; in the second state, the locking assembly 5 can clamp the slide rail 11, so that the slide plate 2 cannot slide relative to the slide rail 11, thereby preventing the slide plate 2 from uncontrollably falling and colliding with other components in the case of sudden power-off, air circuit disconnection or other emergencies.

[0040] Figure 1 It is also shown that the fixed base 1 includes a fixed base body 13, a first mounting plate 14 and a second mounting plate 15, the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 15 are both vertically arranged and are in L-shaped connection, the fixed base body 13 is provided with the vertically arranged slide rail 11, the fixed base body 13 is mounted on the second mounting plate 15, and the first mounting plate 14 is distributed with a plurality of mounting holes for fixed connection with the column of the machine tool body. The first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 15 form an L-shaped mounting structure, the mounting surface of the L-shaped mounting structure extends vertically, and the L-shaped mounting structure has a plurality of mounting holes for fixed connection with the column of the machine tool body, so that the turning shaft can be more conveniently mounted on the column of the machine tool body. Further, the right-angle connection portion of the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 15 is also provided with a reinforcing structure 16.

[0041] The existing milling-turning compound machine tools usually adopt the following forms: (1) a single compound spindle is used to complete milling and turning. For turning, such a compound spindle is too heavy and slow in response; (2) a turning shaft is additionally arranged on the basis of the milling spindle, but the milling spindle is vertically arranged and the turning shaft is horizontally arranged; (3) a turning shaft is additionally arranged on the basis of the milling spindle, but the milling spindle is arranged on the column and the turning shaft is vertically arranged on the base. The latter two of the above-mentioned forms have arranged the turning shaft, but the layout form of the turning shaft is difficult to achieve the requirement of the smallest possible floor space. The cross slide layout, T-shaped layout or inverted T-shaped layout of some vertical milling-turning compound machine tools also makes it impossible to arrange other components (for example, a separately arranged turning shaft) on the base.

[0042] The embodiment of the present application additionally sets a turning shaft on the basis of the milling spindle, so that the spindle for turning (i.e. the turning shaft) is smaller in overall volume compared with the composite spindle and is no longer bulky. A linear motor is configured as the driving component, and the slide plate and the slide rail are in sliding fit, so that the turning shaft has a faster response speed. The grating ruler detects the displacement of the slide plate, and cooperates with the control system of the vertical milling and turning composite machine tool, so that the positioning accuracy is high and can be corrected to the target position specified by the program. In addition, the mounting structure on the fixed seat in the embodiment of the present application enables the turning shaft to be conveniently mounted on the column beam of the machine tool body, thereby minimizing the floor area.

[0043] In some embodiments, a cooling structure 10 is additionally provided at the lower end of the slide plate 2, which is used to be connected with an external cooling device. The cooling structure 10 can be air-cooled or liquid-cooled, and is used to cool the turning process.

[0044] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the linear motor includes a linear stator 61 and a linear mover 62. The linear stator 61 is vertically arranged on the third mounting plate 12 of the fixed seat 1, and the linear mover 62 is slidably arranged on one side of the linear stator 61 and connected with the slide plate 2 on the other side. Specifically, the slide rail 11 includes two vertically arranged slide rails, and the slide plate 2 is arranged on the two slide rails 11 and can slide up and down. The linear stator 61 is arranged along the direction of the slide rail 11 and located between the two slide rails 11. The side of the slide plate 2 close to the fixed seat 1 is provided with a groove, and the linear mover 62 is fastened in the groove by fasteners such as fastening screws. The linear mover 62 can move up and down along the linear stator 61 to drive the slide plate 2 to move up and down, thereby realizing reciprocating turning movement.

[0045] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , the locking assembly 5 is a pneumatic clamp or a hydraulic clamp. The clamping mechanism of the clamp is released when the gas path is open, and is self-locked on the slide rail 11 when the gas is off. The locking assembly 5 is used for protection in the case of unexpected situations such as power failure, gas path disconnection or hydraulic circuit disconnection, to prevent damage caused by free falling of the slide plate 2. It can be understood that in some embodiments, the locking assembly 5 has a magnetic spring instead of power failure protection.

[0046] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , in the process of moving the slide plate 2, the grating ruler 4 detects whether the displacement of the slide plate 2 moving reaches the required accuracy at all times. When the grating ruler 4 detects that the slide plate 2 has not moved to the target position, the detected displacement signal is fed back to the control system, and the control system controls the linear motor to drive the slide plate 2 to perform compensation movement, so that the slide plate 2 moves to the required position.

[0047] Specifically, the grating ruler 4 comprises a ruler 41 and a reading head 42, the ruler 41 is arranged on the side of the fixed seat 1, and the reading head 42 is arranged on the side of the sliding plate 2, and the reading head 42 is arranged in cooperation with the ruler 41 and is located on the same side of the fixed seat 1. The ruler 41 is arranged on the side of the fixed seat 1 in parallel with the sliding rail 11, and one side of the reading head 42 is fixed on the sliding plate 2 to move with the sliding plate 2, and the other side of the reading head 42 is opposite to the ruler 41 to read the ruler 41.

[0048] Figure 1 It is also shown that the turning shaft further comprises a third mounting plate 12, the third mounting plate 12 is detachably arranged on the fixed seat body 13, and the sliding rail 11 is located on the third mounting plate 12. The ruler 41 is located on the side of the mounting plate 12.

[0049] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the turning shaft further comprises a limiting structure 7 for limiting the sliding range of the sliding block on the sliding rail 11. The limiting structure 7 comprises a first limiting block 71, a second limiting block 72 and a top abutting structure 73, the first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72 are arranged in an up-down manner on the fixed seat 1, and the top abutting structure 73 is arranged on the sliding plate 2, and the sliding plate 2 moves up and down along the sliding rail 11 to correspondingly abut the first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72.

[0050] Specifically, the distance between the first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72 is the limited range of the sliding of the sliding plate 2. When the sliding block moves up to a certain position, the top abutting structure 73 abuts against the first limiting block 71, and this position is the maximum position of the upward movement of the sliding plate 2; when the sliding block moves down to a certain position, the top abutting structure 73 abuts against the second limiting block 72, and this position is the maximum position of the downward movement of the sliding plate 2. The first limiting block 71 and the second limiting block 72 limit the upward and downward movement of the sliding plate 2, so as to prevent the sliding plate 2 from moving too much and colliding or interfering with other structures on the machine tool body.

[0051] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the turning shaft further comprises a pulling structure 8, the pulling structure 8 comprises a first pulling piece 81 and a second pulling piece 82, the first pulling piece 81 comprises a vertical structure arranged on one side along the direction of the sliding rail 11, and one end of the first pulling piece 81 away from the vertical structure is fixed on the fixed seat 1, and one end of the second pulling piece 82 is connected with the sliding plate 2, and the other end of the second pulling piece 82 is slidably connected with the end of the vertical structure away from the fixed seat 1. Specifically, the first pulling piece 81 is in the shape of n structure, one end of the first pulling piece 81 is fixedly connected to the fixed seat 1, and the first pulling piece can be a drag chain.

[0052] In some embodiments, two limiting posts 83 are arranged at the other end of the first pulling member 81 structure, and are located at the inner side of the end, so that the first pulling member 81 structure is simple. One end of the second pulling member 82 is fixed to the slide plate 2, and the other end of the second pulling member 82 is provided with a stop block 84, so that the second pulling member 82 as a whole presents a T-shaped structure. The second pulling member 82 is located between the two limiting posts 83, and the stop block 84 forms two right angles on both sides of the second pulling member 82. Through the downward movement of the slide plate 2, the two limiting posts 83 can correspondingly abut against the two right angles, so that the limiting posts 83 limit the slide plate 2, and the slide plate 2 cannot move downward any more.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a wire channel is arranged in the first pulling member 81. Two openings of the wire channel are located at one side of the slide plate 2 and the other side of the fixed base 1. The electric wire can enter from the opening of the wire channel at one side of the slide plate 2 and exit from the opening at the other side of the fixed base 1. The arrangement of the wire channel facilitates the wiring of the turning shaft, and makes the overall structure of the turning shaft more simple.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the turning shaft further comprises a protection assembly 9 covering the slide plate 2. The linear motor 6, the air pressure assembly 5, the limiting structure 7 and the pulling structure 8 are located in the protection assembly 9. The protection assembly 9 protects the structures located in it, and also makes the structure of the turning shaft more beautiful and simple.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , another aspect of the embodiment of the utility model provides a vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool, the vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool includes machine tool body and the turning shaft in any one of the above embodiments, the machine tool body includes base, stand 100, workbench 200 and milling main shaft 300 for installing cutter;

[0056] The stand 100 is arranged on the base, the workbench 200 can move along X-axis and Y-axis respectively relative to the base, the milling main shaft 300 is arranged on the stand 100 and can move up and down, the fixed base 1 of the turning shaft is arranged on the stand 100, and the turning shaft is vertically arranged on one side of the milling main shaft 300. It should be pointed out that the fixed base 1 of the turning shaft is arranged on the stand 100, including that the fixed base 1 of the turning shaft is arranged on the cross beam and is indirectly arranged on the stand 100.

[0057] The worktable 200 can be moved along the X axis and the Y axis respectively relative to the base, and the turning shaft is arranged on the column 100, so that the movement of the turning shaft will not interfere with the worktable 200, and it is not necessary to expand the area of the base to reduce the floor space of the whole machine tool.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, can make a number of improvements and refinements, these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A turning spindle of a vertical milling-lathing combined machine tool, characterized in that, The turning shaft comprises a fixing base (1) for being connected with a machine tool body, a slide plate (2) slidably arranged on the fixing base (1), a turning tool position (3) arranged at a lower end of the slide plate (2) and used for mounting a turning tool for turning a workpiece, a linear motor (6) arranged on the fixing base (1) and used for driving the slide plate (2) to move along the slide rail (11) and for being connected with a control system of the machine tool body, an optical grating ruler (4) used for detecting displacement of the slide plate (2) and for being connected with the control system of the machine tool body, and a locking assembly (5) arranged on the slide plate (2) and capable of being self-locked on the slide rail (11) in a second state. The fixing base comprises a fixing base body (13), a first mounting plate (14) and a second mounting plate (15), the first mounting plate (14) and the second mounting plate (15) are vertically arranged and in L-shaped connection, the fixing base body (13) is arranged with the slide rail (11) vertically, the fixing base body (13) is mounted on the second mounting plate (15), and a plurality of mounting holes for fixedly connecting with a column of the machine tool body are distributed on the first mounting plate (14). The optical grating ruler (4) comprises a scale (41) arranged on a side of the fixing base (1) and a reading head (42) arranged on a side of the slide plate (2), and the reading head (42) and the scale (41) are located on the same side of the fixing base (1). The locking assembly (5) is a pneumatic clamp or a hydraulic clamp. The linear motor comprises a linear stator (61) and a linear mover (62), the linear stator (61) is vertically arranged on the fixing base (1), one side of the linear mover (62) is slidably arranged on the linear stator (61), and the other side of the linear mover (62) is connected with the slide plate (2). The turning shaft further comprises a limiting structure (7) for limiting sliding of the slide plate (2) within a sliding stroke range of the slide rail (11). The limiting structure (7) comprises a first limiting block (71), a second limiting block (72) and a top abutting structure (73), the first limiting block (71) and the second limiting block (72) are arranged on the fixing base (1) in a spaced-apart manner, the top abutting structure (73) is arranged on the slide plate (2), and the slide plate (2) moves up and down along the slide rail (11) to make the top abutting structure (73) abut on the first limiting block (71) and the second limiting block (72) in a corresponding manner. ​ ​ 2. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathe combined machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ 3. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathe combined machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, ​ 4. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathe combined machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, ​ 5. The turning spindle for a vertical milling-turning combined machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that ​ 6. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathing combined machine according to claim 5, wherein ​ 7. The turning spindle of the vertical milling-lathing combined machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pulling structure (8) comprises a first pulling piece (81) and a second pulling piece (82), the first pulling piece (81) comprises a vertical structure arranged along the direction of the slide rail (11) on one side, and one end of the first pulling piece (81) away from the vertical structure is fixed on the fixed seat (1), and one end of the second pulling piece (82) is connected with the slide plate (2), and the other end of the second pulling piece (82) is slidably connected with one end of the vertical structure away from the fixed seat (1).

8. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathing combined machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first pulling piece (81) is internally provided with a through wiring channel.

9. The turning axis of the vertical milling-lathing combined machine according to claim 7, wherein Two limiting columns (83) are arranged at intervals on one end of the first pulling piece (81) close to the vertical structure, and the two limiting columns (83) are located on the inner side of the end; one end of the second pulling piece (82) is fixed to the slide plate (2), the other end of the second pulling piece (82) is provided with a stop block (84), so that the second pulling piece (82) as a whole presents a T-shaped structure; the second pulling piece (82) is located between the two limiting columns (83), and the stop block (84) and the second pulling piece (82) form two right angles on both sides.

10. A vertical milling-turning combined machine tool, characterized by comprising: The turning shaft comprises a machine tool body and the vertical milling-lathe combined machine tool of any one of claims 1 to 9, the machine tool body comprises a base, a column (100), a workbench (200) and a milling spindle (300) for mounting a tool; The column (100) is arranged on the base, the workbench (200) can move along the X-axis and the Y-axis respectively relative to the base, the milling spindle (300) is arranged on the column (100) and can move up and down, the fixed seat of the turning shaft is arranged on the column (100), and the turning shaft is arranged vertically on one side of the milling spindle (300).

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