Electric driving system with six forward gears

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy power, and discloses an electric drive system with six forward gears, which comprises a power output and transmission assembly, a first planetary reduction assembly, a first gear selection assembly, a second gear selection assembly, a third gear selection assembly and a second planetary reduction assembly. The power output and transmission assembly comprises a motor stator, a motor rotor, a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft, the motor stator is fixed, and the motor rotor is used for driving. The first gear selecting assembly, the second gear selecting assembly and the third gear selecting assembly comprise driving pieces, driven pieces and locking pieces, and the locking pieces are connected with the shell. The first gear selecting assembly and the second gear selecting assembly are located on the two sides of the motor stator and the motor rotor. The third gear selecting assembly is located between the first planetary speed reduction assembly and the second planetary speed reduction assembly. The electric driving system is provided with six forward gears, and the comprehensive performance of the vehicle can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of new energy power technology, specifically relating to an electric drive system with six forward gears. Background Technology

[0002] New energy vehicle technology has developed rapidly in recent years, gaining widespread attention and recognition globally due to its environmental friendliness, high efficiency, and low operating costs. Electric heavy-duty trucks, in particular, require more gears to handle the diverse driving demands under heavy loads. For example, lower gears provide high torque output, enabling smooth starts and hill climbing when fully loaded. Higher gears, on the other hand, offer lower engine speeds, suitable for high-speed cruising and reducing the burden on the electric motor.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly uses multi-stage transmissions for gear switching. Multi-stage transmissions refer to transmission systems with multiple gears. Their design purpose is to improve energy efficiency, enhance the driving experience, and adapt to various driving conditions and road conditions.

[0004] How to design a vehicle that offers more gears to adapt to frequent starts and stops in urban traffic, continuous high-speed driving on highways, smooth starts and hill climbs when fully loaded, while reducing shift shock and improving driving smoothness and ride comfort, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to solve the problem that current electric drive systems suffer from numerous gear sets, complex structures, large size, and high cost. This invention provides an electric drive system with six forward gears, employing two sets of mating planetary gear sets, resulting in a more compact structure and more reliable operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an electric drive system with six forward gears, comprising: a power output and transmission assembly, a first planetary reduction gear assembly, a first gear selection assembly, a second gear selection assembly, a third gear selection assembly, and a second planetary reduction gear assembly.

[0007] The power output and transmission assembly includes a motor stator, a motor rotor, a first drive shaft, and a second drive shaft. The motor stator is fixed, and the motor rotor is driven.

[0008] The first gear selection component includes a first driving member, a first driven member, and a first locking member. The first driving member is connected to the motor rotor. The first driven member is connected to the first driving member or the first locking member according to the gear selection requirement, or it may not be connected to either the first driving member or the first locking member. The first locking member is connected to the housing.

[0009] The second gear selection component includes a second driving member, a second driven member, and a second locking member. The second driving member is connected to the motor rotor. The second driven member is connected to the second driving member or the second locking member according to the gear selection requirement, or it may not be connected to either the second driving member or the second locking member. The second locking member is connected to the housing.

[0010] The third gear selection component includes a third driving member, a third driven member, and a third locking member. The third driving member is connected to the first planetary carrier of the first planetary reduction assembly. The third driven member is connected to the third driving member or the third locking member according to the gear position requirement, or neither the third driving member nor the third locking member is connected. The third locking member is connected to the housing.

[0011] The first planetary reduction gear assembly includes a first sun gear, a first ring gear, a first planet carrier, and a first planet gear. The first ring gear is connected to a second driven member, and the first sun gear is connected to the first driven member through a first transmission shaft.

[0012] The second planetary reduction assembly includes a second sun gear, a second ring gear, a second planet carrier, and a second planet gear. The second ring gear is connected to a third driven member, and the second sun gear is connected to the first planet carrier of the first planetary reduction assembly via a second transmission shaft.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the electric drive system mechanism further includes a differential, wherein the input shaft of the differential is poweredly connected to the second planetary carrier, and the first output shaft and the second output shaft of the differential are parallel to the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft; the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft are hollow shafts, and the first output shaft of the differential passes through the first drive shaft and the second drive shaft.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the electric drive system wherein the first gear selection component, the second gear selection component, and the third gear selection component are synchronizers.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the electric drive system, the first gear selection component and the second gear selection component are located on both sides of the motor stator and the motor rotor; the third gear selection component is located in the middle of the first planetary reduction component and the second planetary reduction component.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments of the electric drive system, the first driving component and the motor rotor are combined into one part, and the second driving component and the motor rotor are combined into one part.

[0017] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, in the electric drive system, the first drive shaft and the first sun gear are combined into one part, and the second drive shaft and the second sun gear are combined into one part.

[0018] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the foregoing embodiments, the electric drive system wherein the first drive shaft and the first driven member are combined into one part, and the first gear ring and the second driven member are combined into one part.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] The electric drive system with six forward gears described in this invention combines the high efficiency of an electric motor with the flexibility of a multi-speed transmission, thereby further enhancing vehicle performance. With its six forward gears, the electric motor can maintain its optimal operating range under different speed and load conditions, providing stronger power performance during start-up, acceleration, and high-speed driving. Simultaneously, it optimizes power transmission, improves energy efficiency, enhances the driving experience, and extends driving range, thus improving the performance of new energy vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric drive system with six forward gears described in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the electric drive system with six forward gears in first gear mode according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route in the second gear mode of the electric drive system with six forward gears described in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the electric drive system with six forward gears in three-speed mode according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the electric drive system with six forward gears in four-gear mode according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the electric drive system with six forward gears in five-speed mode according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission route of the electric drive system with six forward gears in six-gear mode according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the electric drive system with a differential and six forward gears described in this utility model.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 10. Power output and transmission assembly; 11. Motor stator; 12. Motor rotor; 13. First drive shaft; 14. Second drive shaft;

[0031] 20. First planetary reduction gear assembly; 21. First sun gear; 22. First ring gear; 23. First planet carrier; 24. First planet gear;

[0032] 30. Shell;

[0033] 40. First gear selection component; 41. First driving component; 42. First driven component; 43. First locking component;

[0034] 50. Second gear selection assembly; 51. Second driving member; 52. Second driven member; 53. Second locking member;

[0035] 60. Third gear selection component; 61. Third driving component; 62. Third driven component; 63. Third locking component;

[0036] 70. Second planetary reduction gear assembly; 71. Second sun gear; 72. Second ring gear; 73. Second planet carrier; 74. Second planet gear;

[0037] 80. Differential; 81. First output shaft; 82. Second output shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an electric drive system with six forward gears includes: a power output and transmission assembly 10, a first planetary reduction assembly 20, a first gear selection assembly 40, a second gear selection assembly 50, a third gear selection assembly 60, and a second planetary reduction assembly 70.

[0041] The power output and transmission assembly 10 includes a motor stator 11, a motor rotor 12, a first transmission shaft 13, and a second transmission shaft 14. The motor stator 11 is fixed, and the motor rotor 12 is driven.

[0042] The first gear selection component 40 includes a first driving member 41, a first driven member 42, and a first locking member 43. The first driving member 41 is connected to the motor rotor 12. The first driven member 42 is connected to the first driving member 41 or the first locking member 43 according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the first driving member 41 or the first locking member 43. The first locking member 43 is connected to the housing 30.

[0043] The second gear selection component 50 includes a second driving member 51, a second driven member 52, and a second locking member 53. The second driving member 51 is connected to the motor rotor 12. The second driven member 52 is connected to the second driving member 51 or the second locking member 53 according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the second driving member 51 or the second locking member 53. The second locking member 53 is connected to the housing 30.

[0044] The third gear selection component 60 includes a third driving member 61, a third driven member 62, and a third locking member 63. The third driving member 61 is connected to the first planetary carrier 23 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20. The third driven member 62 is connected to the third driving member 61 or the third locking member 63 according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the third driving member 61 or the third locking member 63. The third locking member 63 is connected to the housing 30.

[0045] The first gear selection component 40, the second gear selection component 50, and the third gear selection component 60 are preferably synchronizers.

[0046] The first planetary reduction gear assembly 20 includes a first sun gear 21, a first ring gear 22, a first planet carrier 23, and a first planet gear 24. The first ring gear 22 is connected to the second driven member 52, and the first sun gear 21 is connected to the first driven member 42 through the first drive shaft 13.

[0047] The second planetary reduction assembly 70 includes a second sun gear 71, a second ring gear 72, a second planet carrier 73, and a second planet gear 74. The second ring gear 72 is connected to the third driven member 62, and the second sun gear 71 is connected to the first planet carrier 23 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 through the second transmission shaft 14.

[0048] The first gear selection assembly 40 and the second gear selection assembly 50 are preferably located on both sides of the motor stator 11 and the motor rotor 12; the third gear selection assembly 60 is located in the middle of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 and the second planetary reduction assembly 70. This structure is more compact.

[0049] To facilitate processing, save space, and enhance structural strength, the first driving component 41 and the motor rotor 12 are combined into one part, and the second driving component 51 and the motor rotor 12 are combined into one part. The first drive shaft 13 and the first sun gear 21 are combined into one part, and the second drive shaft 14 and the second sun gear 71 are combined into one part. The first drive shaft 13 and the first driven component 42 are combined into one part, and the first gear ring 22 and the second driven component 52 are combined into one part.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the other structures are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that it also includes a differential 80. The input shaft of the differential 80 is connected to the second planetary carrier 73. The first output shaft 81 and the second output shaft 82 of the differential 80 are parallel to the first drive shaft 13 and the second drive shaft 14. The first drive shaft 13 and the second drive shaft 14 are hollow shafts. The first output shaft 81 of the differential 80 passes through the first drive shaft 13 and the second drive shaft 14.

[0052] The working principle of this utility model:

[0053] This invention comprises a first planetary reduction gear assembly 20 and a second planetary reduction gear assembly 70, which enable multi-level switching of speed and torque. The electric drive system uses its own electric motor as power, and shifting operations are performed through three synchronizers, controlling the locking of the ring gear or sun gear of the first planetary reduction gear assembly 20 and the second planetary reduction gear assembly 70. The first planetary reduction gear assembly 20 and the second planetary reduction gear assembly 70, through combinations of their respective transmission ratios, form six forward gears. This multi-level design allows the electric motor to maintain its optimal operating range under different speed and load conditions.

[0054] Electric vehicles, especially heavy-duty trucks, require low gears to provide high torque output when driving on steep mountain roads or under heavy loads; when cruising on highways without a load, they need high speed and low torque output. High gears can reduce the speed of the electric motor, reduce energy loss, and extend the driving range; in the frequent start-stop in the city and the low speed driving on rural roads, this electric drive system can provide a smoother acceleration and deceleration experience, reduce the jerkiness of direct electric motor drive, and improve ride comfort.

[0055] As per the instruction manual Figure 2-7 As shown, the synchronizer connection method and power transmission route for each gear are as follows:

[0056] Neutral: At this time, the first driven member 42 of the first gear selection assembly 40 is neither connected to the first driving member 41 nor to the housing 30; or the second driven member 52 of the second gear selection assembly 50 is neither connected to the second driving member 51 nor to the housing 30; or the driven members of both the first gear selection assembly 40 and the second gear selection assembly 50 are not connected to the driving member or the housing 30. At this time, power cannot be output from the drive motor to the first planetary reduction assembly 20, and therefore cannot be output to the second planetary reduction assembly 70. The second planetary carrier 73 of the second planetary reduction assembly 70 can rotate freely.

[0057] First block: such as Figure 2 As shown, the first driving member 41 of the first gear selection assembly 40 is connected to the first driven member 42. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission assembly 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the first driving member 41, the first driven member 42, and the first transmission shaft 13 to drive the first sun gear 21 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20. The second driving member 51 of the second gear selection assembly 50 is locked to the housing 30 through the second locking member 53, thereby locking the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20. At this time, the speed ratio of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 is at its maximum, and the power is transmitted from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction assembly 70.

[0058] The third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 is connected to the housing 30 through the third locking member 63. At this time, the second gear ring 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 is locked, and the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is also at its maximum. At this time, the output speed is the lowest and the torque is the maximum.

[0059] Second gear: such as Figure 3 As shown, the first driven member 42 of the first gear selection assembly 40 is connected and locked to the housing 30 through the first locking member 43, thereby locking the first sun gear 21 through the first transmission shaft 13; the second driving member 51 of the second gear selection assembly 50 is connected to the second driven member 52, and the power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission assembly 10 is driven from the motor rotor 12 through the second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 to drive the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20; at this time, the speed ratio of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 is secondary, and the power is driven from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction assembly 70.

[0060] The third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 is connected to the housing 30 through the third locking member 63. At this time, the second gear ring 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 is locked. At this time, the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is at its maximum. At this time, the output speed ratio is the combination of the speed ratio of the first planetary reduction component 20 and the second planetary reduction component 70.

[0061] Third gear: such as Figure 4As shown, the first driving member 41 and the first driven member 42 of the first gear selection component 40 are connected. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission component 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the first driving member 41, the first driven member 42, and the first transmission shaft 13 to drive the first sun gear 21 of the first planetary reduction component 20. The second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 of the second gear selection component 50 are connected. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission component 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 to drive the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction component 20. At this time, both the first gear ring 22 and the first sun gear 21 are driven by the power output and transmission component 10. The speed ratio is 1:1, and the speed is directly output, which has high transmission efficiency. The power is transmitted from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction component 70.

[0062] The third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 is connected to the housing 30 through the third locking member 63. At this time, the second gear ring 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 is locked. At this time, the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is at its maximum, and the output speed ratio is the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70.

[0063] Fourth gear: such as Figure 5 As shown, the first driving member 41 of the first gear selection assembly 40 is connected to the first driven member 42. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission assembly 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the first driving member 41, the first driven member 42, and the first transmission shaft 13 to drive the first sun gear 21 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20. The second driving member 51 of the second gear selection assembly 50 is locked to the housing 30 through the second locking member 53, thereby locking the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20. At this time, the speed ratio of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 is at its maximum, and the power is transmitted from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction assembly 70.

[0064] The third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 are connected. The power of the first planetary carrier 23 drives the second ring gear 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 through the third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62. At this time, the second ring gear 72 and the second sun gear 71 are both driven by the first planetary carrier 23. At this time, the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is 1:1, and the output speed ratio is the same as that of the first planetary reduction component 20.

[0065] Fifth gear: such as Figure 6As shown, the first driven member 42 of the first gear selection assembly 40 is connected and locked to the housing 30 through the first locking member 43, thereby locking the first sun gear 21 through the first transmission shaft 13; the second driving member 51 of the second gear selection assembly 50 is connected to the second driven member 52, and the power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission assembly 10 is driven from the motor rotor 12 through the second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 to drive the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction assembly 20; at this time, the speed ratio of the first planetary reduction assembly 20 is secondary, and the power is driven from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction assembly 70.

[0066] The third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 are connected. The power of the first planetary carrier 23 drives the second ring gear 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 through the third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62. At this time, the second ring gear 72 and the second sun gear 71 are both driven by the first planetary carrier 23. At this time, the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is 1:1, and the output speed ratio is the same as that of the first planetary reduction component 20.

[0067] Sixth gear: such as Figure 7 As shown, the first driving member 41 and the first driven member 42 of the first gear selection component 40 are connected. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission component 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the first driving member 41, the first driven member 42, and the first transmission shaft 13 to drive the first sun gear 21 of the first planetary reduction component 20. The second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 of the second gear selection component 50 are connected. The power of the drive motor of the power output and transmission component 10 is transmitted from the motor rotor 12 through the second driving member 51 and the second driven member 52 to drive the first gear ring 22 of the first planetary reduction component 20. At this time, both the first gear ring 22 and the first sun gear 21 are driven by the power output and transmission component 10. The speed ratio is 1:1, and the speed is directly output, which has high transmission efficiency. The power is transmitted from the first planet carrier 23 through the second transmission shaft 14 to drive the second sun gear 71 of the second planetary reduction component 70.

[0068] The third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62 of the third gear selection component 60 are connected. The power of the first planetary carrier 23 drives the second ring gear 72 of the second planetary reduction component 70 through the third driving member 61 and the third driven member 62. At this time, the second ring gear 72 and the second sun gear 71 are both driven by the first planetary carrier 23. At this time, the speed ratio of the second planetary reduction component 70 is 1:1. At this time, the output speed ratio is the direct output of the rotational speed, which has the highest transmission efficiency.

[0069] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the content of this utility model. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electric drive system with six forward gears, characterized in that: It includes a power output and transmission assembly (10), a first planetary reduction assembly (20), a first gear selection assembly (40), a second gear selection assembly (50), a third gear selection assembly (60), and a second planetary reduction assembly (70). The power output and transmission assembly (10) includes a motor stator (11), a motor rotor (12), a first transmission shaft (13), and a second transmission shaft (14). The motor stator (11) is fixed, and the motor rotor (12) is driven. The first gear selection component (40) includes a first driving member (41), a first driven member (42), and a first locking member (43). The first driving member (41) is connected to the motor rotor (12). The first driven member (42) is connected to the first driving member (41) or the first locking member (43) according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the first driving member (41) or the first locking member (43). The first locking member (43) is connected to the housing (30). The second gear selection component (50) includes a second driving member (51), a second driven member (52), and a second locking member (53). The second driving member (51) is connected to the motor rotor (12). The second driven member (52) is connected to the second driving member (51) or the second locking member (53) according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the second driving member (51) or the second locking member (53). The second locking member (53) is connected to the housing (30). The third gear selection assembly (60) includes a third driving member (61), a third driven member (62), and a third locking member (63). The third driving member (61) is connected to the first planetary carrier (23) of the first planetary reduction assembly (20). The third driven member (62) is connected to the third driving member (61) or the third locking member (63) according to the gear position requirement, or it is not connected to either the third driving member (61) or the third locking member (63). The third locking member (63) is connected to the housing (30). The first planetary reduction assembly (20) includes a first sun gear (21), a first ring gear (22), a first planet carrier (23), and a first planet gear (24). The first ring gear (22) is connected to the second driven member (52), and the first sun gear (21) is connected to the first driven member (42) through the first drive shaft (13). The second planetary reduction assembly (70) includes a second sun gear (71), a second ring gear (72), a second planet carrier (73), and a second planet gear (74). The second ring gear (72) is connected to the third follower (62), and the second sun gear (71) is connected to the first planet carrier (23) of the first planetary reduction assembly (20) via the second drive shaft (14).

2. The electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a differential (80), the input shaft of which is connected to the second planetary carrier (73) for power connection. The first output shaft (81) and the second output shaft (82) of the differential (80) are parallel to the first drive shaft (13) and the second drive shaft (14). The first drive shaft (13) and the second drive shaft (14) are hollow shafts. The first output shaft (81) of the differential (80) passes through the first drive shaft (13) and the second drive shaft (14).

3. An electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear selection component (40), the second gear selection component (50), and the third gear selection component (60) are synchronizers.

4. An electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first gear selection component (40) and the second gear selection component (50) are located on both sides of the motor stator (11) and the motor rotor (12); the third gear selection component (60) is located in the middle of the first planetary reduction component (20) and the second planetary reduction component (70).

5. An electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first active component (41) and the motor rotor (12) are combined into one part, and the second active component (51) and the motor rotor (12) are combined into one part.

6. An electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first drive shaft (13) and the first sun gear (21) are combined into one part, and the second drive shaft (14) and the second sun gear (71) are combined into one part.

7. An electric drive system with six forward gears according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first drive shaft (13) and the first driven member (42) are combined into one part, and the first gear ring (22) and the second driven member (52) are combined into one part.

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