Instrument panel assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an instrument panel assembly and a vehicle and relates to the technical field of automobiles, the instrument panel assembly is applied to the vehicle, the vehicle comprises a vehicle body, the vehicle body is provided with a central plane in the width direction, and the instrument panel assembly comprises a framework used for being connected with the vehicle body, the framework is provided with a top deviating from the ground and a bottom facing the bottom face. The outer covering part is arranged at the top of the framework, and the outer covering part and the framework are symmetrically arranged about the central plane; and the air duct assembly is arranged at the bottom of the framework, the air duct assembly is provided with air outlets, and the air outlets are symmetrically arranged relative to the central surface. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the instrument panel can be matched with a left-rudder vehicle model and a right-rudder vehicle model at the same time, the universality of the instrument panel is improved, and the design cost and the manufacturing cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to an instrument panel assembly and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive industry, due to differences in driving habits, cars can be divided into left-hand drive and right-hand drive models. For example, most countries and regions, such as Russia and the United States, use left-hand drive (i.e., the driver is on the left side of the vehicle), while countries such as the United Kingdom, Japan, and Australia use right-hand drive (the driver is on the right side of the vehicle). To adapt to this diversity, automakers need to design and produce corresponding model versions for the specific requirements of different markets. This means that even for the same model, two independent dashboard layout schemes need to be developed to match the respective driving positions. This leads to increased costs and the dispersion of technical resources. How to reduce the additional development costs caused by regional differences while maintaining a high-quality user experience has become one of the common problems that automakers need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide an instrument panel assembly and vehicle, which aims to improve the versatility of the instrument panel.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the instrument panel assembly proposed in this utility model is applied to a vehicle, the vehicle including a body having a central surface in the width direction, and the instrument panel assembly including:

[0005] A frame for connection to the vehicle body, the frame having a top facing away from the ground and a bottom facing the ground;

[0006] An outer cover is disposed on the top of the frame, and both the outer cover and the frame are symmetrically arranged about the central plane;

[0007] An air duct assembly is located at the bottom of the frame, and the air duct assembly has an air outlet that is symmetrically arranged about the center plane.

[0008] In one embodiment, the air outlet includes a first defrost port and a second defrost port, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly includes a defrost air duct, which is connected to the frame. The first defrost port and the second defrost port are disposed on the defrost air duct.

[0009] In one embodiment, the defrosting duct includes side defrosting pipes, with one side defrosting pipe disposed on each side of the central surface, one side defrosting pipe having a first defrosting port and the other side defrosting pipe having a second defrosting port; and / or,

[0010] The vehicle body has a windshield, and the defrosting air duct also includes a front defrosting pipe. The front defrosting pipe is provided with a third defrosting port, which is positioned facing the windshield and is symmetrical about the center plane.

[0011] In one embodiment, the air outlet further includes a first blowing port and a second blowing port, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly further includes a blowing air duct, which is connected to the frame. The first blowing port and the second blowing port are disposed on the blowing air duct.

[0012] In one embodiment, the blowing air duct includes side blowing pipes, with one side blowing pipe disposed on each side of the central surface, one side blowing pipe having a first blowing port and the other side blowing pipe having a second blowing port; and / or,

[0013] The blowing air duct also includes a central duct, which is provided with a third blowing port. The third blowing port is positioned facing the rear of the vehicle body and is symmetrical about the central surface.

[0014] In one embodiment, the outer covering includes a front dashboard and a rear dashboard, the front dashboard and the rear dashboard being arranged side by side and joined together along the length of the vehicle body; and / or, the air duct assembly is detachably connected to the frame.

[0015] In one embodiment, the top of the frame is provided with at least two mounting ports, and the two mounting ports are respectively located on both sides of the central surface, the mounting ports being used to install airbags.

[0016] In one embodiment, the instrument panel assembly further includes a detachable panel disposed within the mounting opening and detachably connected to the frame.

[0017] In one embodiment, the instrument panel assembly further includes connectors, a plurality of which are spaced apart around the removable panel, and the removable panel is connected to the periphery of the mounting port via the connectors.

[0018] This utility model also proposes a vehicle, comprising:

[0019] The vehicle body includes a driver's cab;

[0020] The instrument panel assembly is the instrument panel assembly described above, and the instrument panel assembly is located in the driver's cab on the side near the head of the vehicle.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the instrument panel assembly includes a frame, which serves as the load-bearing main body of the instrument panel assembly and as a connector to connect the instrument panel assembly to the vehicle body. An outer cover is provided on the top of the frame, and an air duct assembly is provided at the bottom of the frame. Both the frame and the outer cover are symmetrically arranged about the center plane of the vehicle body in the width direction. Furthermore, the air duct assembly has air outlets, which are also symmetrically arranged about the center plane of the vehicle body in the width direction. Therefore, the instrument panel assembly is symmetrical whether installed on a left-hand drive or right-hand drive vehicle, avoiding any mismatch in shape and appearance when installed on either vehicle. This achieves compatibility with both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles. The instrument panel is universally compatible with right-hand drive vehicles. Furthermore, the symmetrical arrangement of the air vents in the air duct assembly ensures consistent airflow throughout the vehicle in both left-hand and right-hand drive models, eliminating the need for separate air duct systems for each vehicle. Additionally, all components of the instrument panel assembly are mounted on a frame and connected to the vehicle body via the frame. This means the instrument panel assembly can be installed as a single module, eliminating the need to install each component individually. This reduces the complexity of the connection structure between the instrument panel assembly and the vehicle body. Left-hand and right-hand drive models only require a connection structure compatible with the frame, improving the ease of installation and reducing R&D and manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the instrument panel assembly provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the instrument panel assembly provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 An exploded view of the instrument panel assembly provided by this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the skeleton in the instrument panel assembly provided by this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0029] 100. Frame; 200. Outer covering; 210. Front instrument panel; 220. Rear instrument panel; 300. Air duct assembly; 310. Defrosting air duct; 311. Side defrosting duct; 312. Front defrosting duct; 320. Air blowing duct; 321. Side air blowing duct; 322. Central duct; 330. Air outlet; 331. First defrosting port; 332. Second defrosting port; 333. Third defrosting port; 334. First air blowing port; 335. Second air blowing port; 336. Third air blowing port; 400. Removable panel; 500. Connector.

[0030] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0032] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0033] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0034] To achieve universality of the instrument panel in both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles, this technical solution proposes an instrument panel assembly for use in a vehicle. The vehicle includes a body having a central plane in the width direction. The instrument panel assembly includes: a frame 100 for connection to the body, the frame 100 having a top facing away from the ground and a bottom facing the ground, wherein the body has a chassis mounting position, the bottom being the side of the frame facing the chassis mounting position, and the top being the side of the frame facing away from the chassis mounting position; an outer cover 200 disposed on the top of the frame 100, both the outer cover 200 and the frame 100 being symmetrically arranged about the central plane; and an air duct assembly 300 disposed at the bottom of the frame 100, the air duct assembly 300 having an air outlet 330 symmetrically arranged about the central plane.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4 The instrument panel assembly in this solution is applicable to commercial vehicles such as heavy-duty trucks, specifically for the upper instrument panel section above the steering wheel in the cab. The frame 100 is the basic structure of the entire instrument panel assembly; all other components of the instrument panel assembly are mounted on the frame 100. The frame 100 is then mounted to the vehicle body, achieving the overall installation of the instrument panel assembly. This design simplifies the connection structure between the instrument panel assembly and the vehicle body and facilitates installation. The frame 100 has a symmetrical design, meaning its central plane is symmetrical about the width direction of the vehicle body, which is the direction from one door to the other on the vehicle body. Figure 1 and Figure 2As indicated by the middle arrow, this eliminates the need to distinguish between left and right sides for the frame 100 itself. Therefore, both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles can use the same frame 100, simplifying the production process and reducing costs associated with manufacturing different specifications of frame 100. To facilitate the assembly of the instrument panel assembly, the frame 100 can be fixed to the vehicle body via clips and screws. Specifically, connection holes and clips can be provided on the bottom of the frame 100 facing the ground and around its perimeter. Corresponding connection holes can also be provided on the vehicle body for the frame 100. The frame 100 is equipped with clips. During assembly, simply snap the clips on the vehicle body to the clips on the frame 100, and then fix the connecting holes on the vehicle body and the connecting holes on the frame 100 with screws to achieve installation. In the design process, it is only necessary to adjust the position of the mounting structure of the vehicle body for left-hand drive models or the mounting structure of the vehicle body for right-hand drive models to match the frame 100 to achieve universality. In addition, in order to ensure strength, the frame 100 can be made of high-strength engineering plastic materials, such as polypropylene and polycarbonate. Using these materials can help reduce the weight of the whole vehicle and improve fuel economy while ensuring good mechanical properties. In addition, an outer cover 200 is provided on the top of the side of the frame 100 facing away from the ground. The outer cover 200 is an exterior part of the dashboard assembly and a component of the interior of the vehicle's cab. The outer cover 200 has an overall arc-shaped plate structure. The outer cover 200 can be covered on the upper surface of the frame 100 by snap-fit ​​or adhesive. Similarly, the outer cover 200 is also symmetrically arranged about the center plane of the vehicle's width direction. Whether in left-hand drive or right-hand drive models, the outer cover 200 is symmetrical and will not be incompatible in shape or appearance due to changes in driving position, thus achieving universality in left-hand drive and right-hand drive models. Furthermore, a duct assembly 300 is installed at the bottom of the frame 100 facing the ground. This duct assembly 300 is part of the vehicle's air conditioning system piping. The duct assembly 300 has an air outlet 330 facing the driver's compartment. This air outlet 330 is also symmetrically arranged about the center plane of the vehicle's width. Therefore, the airflow output from the air outlet 330 remains constant regardless of whether the vehicle is left-hand drive or right-hand drive, ensuring that the airflow from the air outlet 330 reaches the driver regardless of which side they are sitting on. This avoids the need to design different duct systems for left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles. In this solution, by symmetrically designing the dashboard section above the steering wheel, both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles are simultaneously accommodated. All components of the dashboard assembly are mounted to the vehicle body via the frame 100, eliminating the need to connect each component to the body. This simplifies the connection structure between the dashboard assembly and the body, improving installation convenience. Only a connection structure compatible with the frame 100 needs to be designed on the vehicle body, omitting the structures on the vehicle body for individually mounting each component, thus helping to reduce vehicle design and manufacturing costs.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet 330 includes a first defrost port 331 and a second defrost port 332, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly 300 includes a defrost air duct 310, which is connected to the frame 100. The first defrost port 331 and the second defrost port 332 are disposed on the defrost air duct 310.

[0037] In this design, the air duct assembly 300 includes a defrost air duct 310, which is used to deliver the airflow required for defrosting the glass on the vehicle body. The defrost air duct 310 can be a pipe-like structure and is connected to the air conditioning system on the vehicle body. The defrost air duct 310 can be connected to the frame 100 by clips, screws, or other detachable connections to facilitate the assembly of the dashboard assembly and subsequent maintenance and replacement. The defrost air duct 310 is provided with a first defrost port 331 and a second defrost port 332, wherein the first defrost port 331 is located near the left side of the vehicle body. The second defrost vent 332 is positioned near the right-side door of the vehicle body, allowing the airflow from the defrost duct 310 to directly blow onto the door windows on both sides, preventing frost buildup and improving visibility for the driver and passengers. Furthermore, the first defrost vent 331 and the second defrost vent 332 are symmetrical about the center plane of the vehicle body in the width direction, ensuring that both doors receive the same defrosting effect regardless of whether the vehicle is left-hand drive or right-hand drive. This guarantees sufficient visibility for the driver on both the left and right sides, thereby improving the versatility of the instrument panel assembly.

[0038] Figure 3 A structural form of defrosting duct 310 is given, wherein the defrosting duct 310 includes a side defrosting pipe 311, and a side defrosting pipe 311 is provided on both sides of the center surface. One side defrosting pipe 311 is provided with a first defrosting port 331, and the other side defrosting pipe 311 is provided with a second defrosting port 332.

[0039] In this design, the side defrosting duct 311 is part of the defrosting air duct 310. There are two side defrosting ducts 311, located on opposite sides of the center plane in the width direction of the vehicle body. Each side defrosting air duct 310 is connected to the vehicle's air conditioning system. The first defrosting port 331 is located on the side defrosting duct 311 near the left door, and the second defrosting port 332 is located on the side defrosting duct 311 near the right door. The two side defrosting ducts 311 are independent of each other and are connected to the frame 100 respectively. In addition, the airflow of the two side defrosting ducts 311 is independent of each other and the flow rate can be the same, ensuring that the airflow blown to both sides is uniform and ensuring the consistency of the defrosting effect on both sides of the vehicle doors.

[0040] In addition, such as Figure 3 In one embodiment of this utility model, the vehicle body has a windshield, and the defrosting duct 310 further includes a front defrosting pipe 312. The front defrosting pipe 312 is provided with a third defrosting port 333, which faces the windshield and is symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The front defrosting pipe 312 is also part of the defrosting duct 310. The front defrosting pipe 312 is connected to the air conditioner, and two side defrosting pipes 311 are respectively connected to the two sides of the front defrosting pipe 312 along the width direction of the vehicle body. The airflow can be diverted through the front defrosting pipe 312 to the three defrosting ports. The third defrosting port 333 is provided on the front defrosting pipe 312 and faces the windshield. The third defrosting port 333 is symmetrically arranged about the center plane of the vehicle body to ensure that the windshield can obtain the same defrosting effect in both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles, ensuring that the driver has sufficient visibility.

[0041] like Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet 330 further includes a first blowing port 334 and a second blowing port 335, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly 300 further includes a blowing air duct 320, which is connected to the frame 100. The first blowing port 334 and the second blowing port 335 are disposed on the blowing air duct 320.

[0042] Figure 3 One structural form of the air blowing duct 320 is presented. In this solution, the air duct assembly 300 also includes the air blowing duct 320, which can be in the form of a pipe. The air blowing duct 320 is installed on the frame 100 and can be connected to the frame 100 by clips, screws, or other detachable connections to facilitate the assembly of the instrument panel assembly and subsequent maintenance and replacement. The air blowing duct 320 is provided with a first air blowing port 334 and a second air blowing port 335, which can blow airflow to the driver and passengers to improve the comfort of the ride. In addition, the first air blowing port 334 and the second air blowing port 335 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the instrument panel assembly along the width direction of the vehicle body, and are symmetrical about the center plane of the width direction of the vehicle body. The symmetrical design ensures that the driver can obtain the same airflow effect whether on the left or right side, ensuring the same comfort for left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles, further improving the versatility of the instrument panel assembly, and helping to further reduce design and manufacturing costs.

[0043] In one embodiment of this utility model, the blowing air duct 320 includes a side blowing air pipe 321. A side blowing air pipe 321 is respectively arranged on both sides of the center plane. One side blowing air pipe 321 is provided with a first blowing air outlet 334, and the other side blowing air pipe 321 is provided with a second blowing air outlet 335. The blowing air duct 320 includes two side blowing air pipes 321, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the center plane in the width direction of the vehicle body. Each side blowing air pipe 321 is connected to the frame 100. One side blowing air pipe 321 is provided with a first blowing air outlet 334, located near the left door, and the other side blowing air pipe 321 is provided with a second blowing air outlet 335, located near the right door. The two side blowing air pipes 321 are independent of each other and are respectively connected to the frame 100. In addition, the airflow of the two side blowing air pipes 321 is independent of each other and the flow rate can be the same, ensuring that the airflow blown to both sides is uniform, ensuring that the driver can receive a consistent airflow whether on the left or right side.

[0044] like Figure 3 In one embodiment of this utility model, the air duct 320 further includes a central duct 322, and the central duct 322 is provided with a third air outlet 336. The third air outlet 336 is positioned towards the rear of the vehicle body and is symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The central duct 322 is located in the middle of the vehicle body width direction, and the third air outlet 336 is located on the central duct 322 and blows airflow towards the rear seats of the vehicle. The symmetrical arrangement of the third air outlet 336 about the center plane ensures that the rear seats can receive a consistent airflow regardless of whether the vehicle is left-hand drive or right-hand drive, thereby improving the comfort of rear passengers.

[0045] like Figure 3In one embodiment of this utility model, the outer covering 200 includes a front instrument panel 210 and a rear instrument panel 220. The front instrument panel 210 and the rear instrument panel 220 are arranged side by side along the length of the vehicle body and are joined together. In this solution, the outer covering 200 includes a front instrument panel 210 and a rear instrument panel 220. The front instrument panel 210 and the rear instrument panel 220 form part of the interior of the vehicle's instrument panel area as exterior components. The front instrument panel 210 is located on the side of the rear instrument panel 220 facing the front of the vehicle body. The front instrument panel 210 and the rear instrument panel 220 are joined together to form a smooth top surface. The front instrument panel 210 and the rear instrument panel 220 together cover the top of the frame 100 and can be fixed by means of adhesive or other methods. In this solution, the outer covering 200 is divided into two parts, which can reduce the size of individual parts, facilitate processing, and also help reduce manufacturing costs. In addition, in order to improve the aesthetics of the interior, the rear instrument panel 220 can also be made of materials or textures such as imitation leather, while the front instrument panel 210 can be made of ordinary engineering plastic materials to reduce costs, thereby improving the design flexibility of the outer covering 200. In another embodiment of the present invention, the air duct assembly 300 is detachably connected to the frame 100. Specifically, the air duct assembly 300 can be fixed to the frame 100 by means of a snap-fit ​​and screw connection. This not only facilitates the assembly of the instrument panel assembly, but also facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the air duct assembly 300 during later maintenance.

[0046] In another embodiment of this utility model, the top of the frame 100 is provided with at least two mounting ports, and the two mounting ports are respectively located on both sides of the center plane. The mounting ports are used to install airbags. In this embodiment, the mounting ports are located on the top of the frame 100 and away from the front of the vehicle body. There are two mounting ports, and the two mounting ports are respectively located on both sides of the center plane in the width direction of the vehicle body. The size of the mounting ports can be adapted to the size of the airbag used in the passenger seat. The airbag can be inserted into the mounting port. The outer periphery of the airbag can be fixed to the periphery of the mounting port by snap-fit ​​or adhesive. During vehicle assembly, the airbag can also be pre-installed on the frame 100 and then assembled onto the vehicle body as a whole with the instrument panel assembly, which also facilitates the installation of the airbag. In this solution, mounting ports are provided on both the left and right sides of the frame 100, which allows the instrument panel assembly to be conveniently installed with the passenger seat airbag in both left-hand drive and right-hand drive vehicles, and also helps to further improve the versatility of the instrument panel assembly.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment of this utility model, the instrument panel assembly further includes a detachable plate 400, which is disposed within the mounting opening and detachably connected to the frame 100. The external dimensions of the detachable plate 400 are adapted to the shape and dimensions of the mounting opening. The detachable plate 400 can be installed in the mounting opening and close the mounting opening by means of snap-fit, adhesive, or screw connection. By setting the detachable plate 400, the structural strength of the mounting opening position on the frame 100 can be improved, thereby improving the overall structural strength of the frame 100 and improving the reliability of the instrument panel assembly structure. In addition, setting the detachable plate 400 can also improve noise reduction performance to a certain extent, reducing the transmission of noise from the vehicle bottom and engine from the mounting opening, which is beneficial to improving driving comfort.

[0048] Figure 5 A connection structure between the detachable plate 400 and the mounting port is provided. In one embodiment of this utility model, the instrument panel assembly further includes a connector 500. Multiple connectors 500 are spaced around the detachable plate 400, and the periphery of the detachable plate 400 and the mounting port are connected by the connectors 500. In this solution, the detachable plate 400, the connectors 500, and the frame 100 can be integrally formed by injection molding or other methods, thereby simplifying the processing technology and reducing manufacturing costs, while also ensuring the connection strength between the detachable plate 400 and the frame 100. In addition, the size of the detachable plate 400 is smaller than the size of the mounting port. The outer side wall of the detachable plate 400 is connected to the inner side wall of the mounting port by the connectors 500, and multiple connectors 500 are spaced around the detachable plate 400. When it is necessary to open the mounting port, the detachable plate 400 can be removed simply by cutting the connectors 500 by punching or other methods. This design facilitates the disassembly of the detachable plate 400 and also helps to simplify the assembly process.

[0049] This utility model also proposes a vehicle, which includes a body with a driver's cab; an instrument panel assembly, which is the instrument panel assembly described above, located in the driver's cab on the side near the front of the vehicle, wherein the front of the vehicle is the front part of the vehicle along the driving direction, and the instrument panel assembly is mounted on the vehicle body above the steering wheel in the driver's cab. The specific structure of the instrument panel assembly is as described in the above embodiments. Since this vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0050] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this utility model and the contents of the specification and drawings of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An instrument panel assembly applied to a vehicle, the vehicle including a body having a central surface in the width direction, characterized in that, The instrument panel assembly includes: A frame for connection to the vehicle body, the frame having a top facing away from the ground and a bottom facing the ground; An outer cover is disposed on the top of the frame, and both the outer cover and the frame are symmetrically arranged about the central plane; An air duct assembly is located at the bottom of the frame, and the air duct assembly has an air outlet that is symmetrically arranged about the center plane.

2. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet includes a first defrost port and a second defrost port, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly includes a defrost air duct, which is connected to the frame. The first defrost port and the second defrost port are located on the defrost air duct.

3. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The defrosting duct includes side defrosting pipes, with one side defrosting pipe on each side of the central surface, one side defrosting pipe having a first defrosting port and the other side defrosting pipe having a second defrosting port; and / or, The vehicle body has a windshield, and the defrosting air duct also includes a front defrosting pipe. The front defrosting pipe is provided with a third defrosting port, which is positioned facing the windshield and is symmetrical about the center plane.

4. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet further includes a first blowing port and a second blowing port, which are symmetrically arranged about the center plane. The air duct assembly also includes a blowing air duct, which is connected to the frame. The first blowing port and the second blowing port are located on the blowing air duct.

5. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The blowing air duct includes side blowing pipes, with one side blowing pipe on each side of the central surface, one side blowing pipe having the first blowing port and the other side blowing pipe having the second blowing port; and / or, The blowing air duct also includes a central duct, which is provided with a third blowing port. The third blowing port is positioned facing the rear of the vehicle body and is symmetrical about the central surface.

6. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer covering includes a front instrument panel and a rear instrument panel, the front instrument panel and the rear instrument panel being arranged side by side along the length of the vehicle body and being assembled with each other; and / or, the air duct assembly is detachably connected to the frame.

7. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the frame is provided with at least two mounting ports, and the two mounting ports are respectively located on both sides of the center surface. The mounting ports are used to install airbags.

8. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The instrument panel assembly also includes a detachable panel disposed within the mounting opening and detachably connected to the frame.

9. The instrument panel assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The instrument panel assembly also includes connectors, a plurality of which are spaced apart around the detachable panel, and the detachable panel is connected to the periphery of the mounting port via the connectors.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body includes a driver's cab; The instrument panel assembly is the instrument panel assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the instrument panel assembly being disposed in the driver's cab on the side near the head of the vehicle.

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