Self-expanding type expanded head anchor rod for supporting broken surrounding rock roadway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fractured surrounding rock roadway support self-expanding type expanded head anchor rod which comprises an anchor rod body, a corresponding installation hole is formed in the front end of the anchor rod body in the radial direction, and the size of the installation hole in the axial length direction of the anchor rod is larger than that of the installation hole in the radial direction of the anchor rod body. A pin shaft penetrates through the mounting hole in the radial direction of the anchor rod, the two ends of the pin shaft extend out of the anchor rod body, the two ends of the pin shaft are fixedly connected with a left expansion piece located on the left side of the anchor rod body and a right expansion piece located on the right side of the anchor rod body, and the pin shaft is sleeved with a torsion spring used for driving the pin shaft to rotate. And an expansion switch between the left expansion piece and the outer circle of the anchor rod body is arranged on the left expansion piece. The requirement for the diameter of the anchoring hole is not high, the size of the expansion piece can be designed fully according to the reaming size of the expanded-base filling bottom, the function of expanded-base filling reaming anchoring is fully played, the rated anchoring force of an anchoring system is improved, the stability of the anchoring system is enhanced, and the expansion piece has important significance on safe and efficient mining and supporting of a mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mine roadway support technology, specifically relating to a self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, bolt support has become one of the most commonly used support methods for coal mine roadways due to its advantages such as low cost, high efficiency, and low labor intensity. Especially in difficult-to-maintain roadways such as coal mine roadways and soft rock roadways, resin anchoring is typically used to control the stability of the surrounding rock. However, because ordinary anchor holes in coal mine roadways and soft rock roadways are prone to slippage failure, multiple support and renovation operations for such roadways consume significant manpower, material resources, and financial resources. This greatly increases the drilling time for resin anchor holes, reduces the efficiency of bolt support, and affects the mining speed of coal mines. Enlarged-base anchoring is an effective support method to solve the problem of bolt slippage failure. However, in enlarged-base anchoring, the diameter of the enlarged head of the ordinary enlarged-head anchor is greatly affected by the diameter of the anchor hole, making it difficult to fully utilize the function of the enlarged-head anchor and achieve the enhanced support effect of enlarged-base anchoring.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the anchoring performance of current resin anchor bolts, there is an urgent need for a self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for use in the support of fractured surrounding rock roadways for bottom filling and anchoring. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways, which is easy to construct, has high construction efficiency, high support strength, and strong safety and reliability.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways, comprising an anchor bolt body with a central channel, a corresponding mounting hole being provided at the front end of the anchor bolt body in the radial direction, the size of the mounting hole in the axial length direction of the anchor bolt being larger than the size of the mounting hole in the radial direction of the anchor bolt body, a pin being inserted into the mounting hole in the radial direction of the anchor bolt, both ends of the pin extending out of the anchor bolt body, a left extension member located on the left side of the anchor bolt body and a right extension member located on the right side of the anchor bolt body being fixedly connected to both ends of the pin, a torsion spring for driving the pin to rotate being sleeved on the pin, and an unfolding switch between the left extension member and the outer circle of the anchor bolt body being provided.

[0006] The unfolding switch includes a convex inclined block fixed on the left extension piece. The outer circle of the anchor rod body is provided with an inclined groove that cooperates with the convex inclined block. The angle between the bottom of the groove and the opening of the groove and the center line of the anchor rod body is an acute angle. The direction of the bottom of the groove and the opening of the groove is from front to back. When the convex inclined block is assembled in the inclined groove, the pin is located at the front end of the mounting hole.

[0007] The pin has a radial insertion hole, one end of the torsion spring is inserted into the insertion hole, and the other end of the torsion spring presses against the inner wall of the central channel of the anchor body.

[0008] The left and right extension components have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the pin. Both the left and right extension components are semi-circular tubes. The inner diameter of the left and right extension components is equal to the outer diameter of the anchor rod body. The rear end of the left extension component is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin rod through a left connecting plate. The front end of the right extension component is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin rod through a right connecting plate. The length of the left extension component is greater than the distance from the front end of the anchor rod body to the pin rod.

[0009] The left extension, right extension, left connecting plate and right connecting plate are made of a single round tube. A through hole is provided between the left connecting plate and the right connecting plate. Both ends of the pin extend into the pin hole, and limit caps are fixed at both ends of the pin.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following technical effects:

[0011] (1) When this utility model is being constructed, the hole is first drilled and then enlarged. Then the self-expanding enlarged head anchor rod is installed into the anchoring hole. The left and right extension parts are extended outward by axial thrust to form a T-shaped structure with the anchor rod body. After grouting and anchoring, the T-shaped stress state is finally achieved, thereby increasing the anchoring force of the anchoring system and improving the control effect of the surrounding rock of the roadway.

[0012] (2) Both the left and right extension pieces are made of semi-circular tubes, so that during the installation into the anchoring hole, the left and right extension pieces can fit against the outer circle of the anchor rod body, making it convenient to extend into the anchoring hole. A torsion spring is installed on the pin, and the two ends of the torsion spring form a torque between the pin and the anchor rod body, respectively. When the left and right extension pieces fit against the outer circle of the anchor rod body, the torsion spring stores force, and the mounting hole is designed as an elongated hole structure. When the pin moves to the front end of the mounting hole, the convex wedge block extends into the inclined groove, keeping the left and right extension pieces in a coaxial state with the anchor rod body. When the left extension piece is subjected to axial thrust, the pin moves backward along the mounting hole, causing the convex wedge block to disengage from the inclined groove. The torque of the torsion spring causes the left and right extension pieces to rotate to a state perpendicular to the anchor rod body.

[0013] (3) In the use of this utility model in roadways with fractured surrounding rock, the left extension part and the right extension part are both semi-circular tubes. When the two are combined, they form a complete circle. The force-bearing areas of the two are the same. After grouting and anchoring, the force-bearing position of the left extension part is on the concave surface, and the force-bearing position of the right extension part is on the convex surface. The two-dimensional planes of the force are the same. When the anchor rod body is pulled out under force, the left and right extension parts open and work together with the contact parts of the anchor rod body and the connection parts with the pin shaft to achieve a "T" shaped force state, thereby increasing the anchoring force of the anchoring system and improving the control effect of the surrounding rock in the roadway.

[0014] In summary, this invention is simple to operate, low in cost, and provides high anchoring strength. It effectively solves the problem that the diameter of the enlarged head of ordinary enlarged head anchors in bottom-filling anchoring is greatly affected by the diameter of the anchoring hole, making it difficult to fully utilize the function of the enlarged head anchors and the enhanced support effect of bottom-filling anchoring. This invention has low requirements for the diameter of the anchoring hole, and the size of the extension part can be designed according to the size of the enlarged hole at the bottom of the bottom-filling, giving full play to the function of bottom-filling and enlarged hole anchoring, improving the anchoring force of the anchoring system, and enhancing the stability of the anchoring system. This is of great significance for achieving safe and efficient mining and support in mines. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the left and right extension members of this utility model in their closed state;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the left and right extension parts of this utility model in their unfolded state;

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the anchor body at the pin and torsion spring;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement of the convex inclined block and the inclined groove on the left extension piece, and the pin at the top of the mounting hole;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the pin moving to the lower part of the mounting hole after the convex inclined block on the left extension part disengages from the inclined groove;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a construction flowchart for this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways of this utility model includes an anchor bolt body 4 with a central channel 3. The front end of the anchor bolt body 4 has a corresponding mounting hole 11 in the radial direction. The size of the mounting hole 11 in the axial length direction of the anchor bolt is larger than the size of the mounting hole 11 in the radial direction of the anchor bolt body 4. A pin 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 11 in the radial direction of the anchor bolt. Both ends of the pin 5 extend out of the anchor bolt body 4. The two ends of the pin 5 are fixedly connected to a left extension member 6 located on the left side of the anchor bolt body 4 and a right extension member 7 located on the right side of the anchor bolt body 4. Two torsion springs 8 are sleeved on the pin 5 for driving the pin 5 to rotate. The left extension member 6 is provided with an unfolding switch between the left extension member 6 and the outer circle of the anchor bolt body 4.

[0023] The unfolding switch includes a convex inclined block 9 fixedly mounted on the left extension member 6. The outer circle of the anchor rod body 4 is provided with an inclined groove 10 that cooperates with the convex inclined block 9. The angle between the bottom of the groove 10 and the opening of the groove and the center line of the anchor rod body 4 is an acute angle. The direction of the bottom of the groove 10 and the opening of the groove is from front to back. When the convex inclined block 9 is assembled in the inclined groove 10, the pin 5 is located at the front end of the mounting hole 11.

[0024] The pin 5 has a radial insertion hole 12. One end of the torsion spring 8 is inserted into the insertion hole 12, and the other end of the torsion spring 8 presses against the inner wall of the central channel 3 of the anchor body 4.

[0025] The left extension 6 and the right extension 7 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the pin 5. Both the left extension 6 and the right extension 7 are semi-circular tubes. The inner diameter of the left extension 6 and the right extension 7 is equal to the outer diameter of the anchor body 4. The rear end of the left extension 6 is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin 5 by a left connecting plate 13. The front end of the right extension 7 is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin 5 by a right connecting plate 14. The length of the left extension 6 is greater than the distance from the front end of the anchor body 4 to the pin 5.

[0026] The left extension 6, right extension 7, left connecting plate 13 and right connecting plate 14 are made of a single round tube. A through hole is provided between the left connecting plate 13 and the right connecting plate 14. Both ends of the pin 5 extend into the pin hole, and limit caps 15 are fixedly provided at both ends of the pin 5.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, the specific construction process of roadway support in fractured surrounding rock includes the following steps:

[0028] S1, Drilling operation of anchor hole 1;

[0029] S2. Enlarge the bottom of anchor hole 1;

[0030] S3. Insert the self-expanding enlarged head anchor rod 2 into the enlarged anchor hole 1;

[0031] S4. Grouting and sealing operation is carried out at the opening of anchor hole 1;

[0032] S5. Grouting and filling of anchor hole 1 is carried out for anchoring.

[0033] Step S1 is as follows: Use a drilling rig to connect a regular drill rod 16, connect a regular drill bit 17 to the front end of the regular drill rod 16, and start the drilling rig to drill into the surrounding rock at a specified position on the tunnel wall;

[0034] Step S2 is as follows: Remove the drill bit, remove the ordinary drill bit 17, connect the ordinary drill rod 16 to the reamer 18, and use the drilling machine to push the reamer 18 (using the mining anchor hole internal reamer disclosed in patent number 2017103893312) to the bottom of the anchor hole 1 to perform bottom reaming operation. After the operation is completed, a wedge-shaped reaming cavity 19 is formed at the bottom of the anchor hole 1.

[0035] Step S3 is as follows: After the hole reaming operation is completed, the reamer 18 is withdrawn. The left extension 6 and right extension 7 of the self-expanding reamer head anchor rod 2 are attached to the outer circle of the anchor rod body 4. The torsion spring 8 is charged, and then the limit cap 15 is driven to move forward, so that the pin 5 moves forward along the mounting hole 11 to the front end of the mounting hole 11. At this time, the protruding inclined block 9 on the left extension 6 extends into the inclined groove 10 on the outer circle of the anchor rod body 4. Then, the self-expanding reamer head anchor rod 2 is inserted into the anchor hole 1 from front to back until the bottom. When the front end of the left extension 6 contacts the rock at the bottom of the anchor hole 1, a certain axial thrust is applied forward to the self-expanding reamer head anchor rod 2, and the left extension... When the front end of the exhibit 6 is blocked by the rock at the bottom of the anchor hole 1, the left extension 6 moves backward, driving the pin 5 to move backward in the safety hole. The convex inclined block 9 also moves downward with the left extension 6. After the convex inclined block 9 disengages from the inclined groove 10, under the torque stored in the torsion spring 8, it drives the pin 5 to rotate. The pin 5 drives the left extension 6 and the right extension 7 to rotate until the lower end of the left extension 6 and the upper end of the right extension 7 are in contact with the outer circle of the anchor rod body 4 and stop rotating. At this time, the left extension 6 and the right extension 7 rotate until they are both perpendicular to the anchor rod body 4 to form a T-shaped structure. The left extension 6 and the right extension 7 extend into the wedge-shaped expansion cavity 19.

[0036] Step S4 is as follows: After the self-extension enlarged head anchor rod 2 is installed, a matching tray 20 and nut are installed at the rear end of the anchor rod body 4. The grouting hole reserved on the tray 20 is through which the grouting pipe 21 is inserted, and the grouting and sealing operation is carried out to the opening of the anchor hole 1 through the grouting pipe 21.

[0037] Step S5 is as follows: After the grouting and sealing of the hole is completed, grouting is performed into the anchor hole 1 through the rear port of the anchor body 4 of the self-expanding enlarged head anchor 2. The grout is injected into the wedge-shaped enlarged hole cavity 19 through the central channel 3 from the front port of the anchor body 4. The grouting and anchoring operation is completed according to the designed grouting time and grouting pressure.

[0038] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of this utility model. However, the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments and are not limited to these embodiments. Those skilled in the art, inspired by this patent, can make many modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, all of which fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the patent and its scope of protection should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting roadways in fractured surrounding rock, characterized in that: The anchor bolt body includes a central channel. A corresponding mounting hole is provided at the front end of the anchor bolt body in the radial direction. The size of the mounting hole in the axial length direction of the anchor bolt is larger than the size of the mounting hole in the radial direction of the anchor bolt body. A pin is inserted into the mounting hole in the radial direction of the anchor bolt. Both ends of the pin extend out of the anchor bolt body. A left extension piece located on the left side of the anchor bolt body and a right extension piece located on the right side of the anchor bolt body are fixedly connected to both ends of the pin. A torsion spring for driving the pin to rotate is sleeved on the pin. An unfolding switch between the left extension piece and the outer circle of the anchor bolt body is provided.

2. The self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unfolding switch includes a convex inclined block fixed on the left extension piece. The outer circle of the anchor rod body is provided with an inclined groove that cooperates with the convex inclined block. The angle between the bottom of the groove and the opening of the groove and the center line of the anchor rod body is an acute angle. The direction of the bottom of the groove and the opening of the groove is from front to back. When the convex inclined block is assembled in the inclined groove, the pin is located at the front end of the mounting hole.

3. The self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin has a radial insertion hole, one end of the torsion spring is inserted into the insertion hole, and the other end of the torsion spring presses against the inner wall of the central channel of the anchor body.

4. The self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The left and right extension components have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the pin. Both the left and right extension components are semi-circular tubes. The inner diameter of the left and right extension components is equal to the outer diameter of the anchor rod body. The rear end of the left extension component is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin rod through a left connecting plate. The front end of the right extension component is fixedly connected to both ends of the pin rod through a right connecting plate. The length of the left extension component is greater than the distance from the front end of the anchor rod body to the pin rod.

5. The self-expanding enlarged head anchor bolt for supporting fractured surrounding rock roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that: The left extension, right extension, left connecting plate and right connecting plate are made of a single round tube. A through hole is provided between the left connecting plate and the right connecting plate. Both ends of the pin extend into the pin hole, and limit caps are fixed at both ends of the pin.

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