High-chromium brick for high-temperature melting furnace for harmless treatment of nuclear waste

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of high-chromium bricks, and discloses a high-chromium brick for a nuclear waste harmless treatment high-temperature melting furnace, which comprises a brick body, an upper convex block is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the brick body, a lower convex block is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom end of the brick body, an inserting groove is formed in the left end of the brick body, and an inserting block is fixedly connected to the middle of the right end of the brick body. And grooves are formed in the top end and the bottom end of the insertion block. According to the utility model, the bricks can be quickly positioned, so that each brick can be accurately and quickly placed at a preset position, the construction period of the smelting furnace is obviously shortened, errors in the construction process are effectively reduced, and the time and the labor cost are further saved; the brick body is made of particles with different diameters, so that a closely-packed microstructure can be formed in the brick body, the porosity in the brick body is remarkably reduced, the overall strength of the brick body is enhanced, and the brick body can better bear acting force such as pressure at high temperature and slag erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-chromium bricks, and in particular to high-chromium bricks for high-temperature melting furnaces used in the harmless disposal of nuclear waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of nuclear energy, the safe disposal of nuclear waste has become a critical issue. Nuclear waste contains large amounts of radioactive materials that release harmful radiation over a long period, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. High-temperature furnaces are one of the key pieces of equipment for the harmless treatment of nuclear waste. Their main objective is to fix the radioactive nuclides in the nuclear waste within a stable matrix or to alter its chemical and physical properties through high-temperature treatment, reducing its radioactive hazard to below safe standards. High-chromium bricks are an important refractory material, primarily composed of chromium trioxide, with a chromium content generally greater than 30%. Chromium oxides endow high-chromium bricks with excellent refractory properties. At high temperatures, high-chromium bricks maintain stable physical and chemical properties, have a high melting point, and can withstand the high-temperature environment of nuclear waste processing furnaces.

[0003] Currently, during the construction of the melting furnace, after placing high-chromium bricks, construction workers cannot accurately determine their position. They may only discover the positioning error after stacking multiple bricks, requiring rework and significantly reducing construction efficiency. To address this technical problem, this application proposes high-chromium bricks for high-temperature melting furnaces used in the harmless disposal of nuclear waste. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing high-chromium bricks for high-temperature melting furnaces used in the harmless disposal of nuclear waste. By enabling rapid positioning of the bricks, each brick can be accurately and quickly placed in its predetermined position, significantly shortening the furnace construction cycle and effectively reducing errors during construction, further saving time and labor costs. By using particles of different diameters to make the bricks, a tightly packed microstructure can be formed inside the bricks, significantly reducing the porosity inside the bricks, thereby enhancing the overall strength of the bricks and enabling them to better withstand the pressure and slag erosion forces at high temperatures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-chromium brick for a high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste includes a brick body, an upper protrusion fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the brick body, a lower protrusion fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the brick body, a slot opened at the left end of the brick body, and an insert fixedly connected to the middle of the right end of the brick body, with grooves opened at both the top and bottom ends of the insert.

[0007] Furthermore, the outer layer of the brick is provided with a surface layer, the surface layer being made of silicon carbide. Silicon carbide has a high melting point and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, enabling it to maintain good dimensional stability in high-temperature environments.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner layer of the brick body is provided with an inner layer one and an inner layer two. The inner layer one consists of coarse chromium ore particles with a diameter of 1-3 mm, and the inner layer two consists of medium chromium ore particles with a diameter of 0.1-1 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the dimensions of the groove are adapted to the dimensions of the left ends of the upper and lower protrusions.

[0010] Furthermore, the dimensions of the slot are adapted to the dimensions of the upper protrusion and the right end of the lower protrusion.

[0011] Furthermore, the size of the insert is adapted to the size of the slot, and the height of the insert is less than the height of the slot.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner layer one and the inner layer two are arranged alternately.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. In this utility model, by achieving rapid positioning of the bricks, it is possible to ensure that each brick can be accurately and quickly placed in the predetermined position, which significantly shortens the construction cycle of the furnace and effectively reduces errors in the construction process, further saving time and labor costs.

[0015] 2. In this utility model, by using particles of different diameters to make the brick body, a tightly packed microstructure can be formed inside the brick body, which significantly reduces the porosity inside the brick body, thereby enhancing the overall strength of the brick body and enabling it to better withstand the pressure and slag erosion forces under high temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the high-chromium bricks used in the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste proposed in this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block for the high-chromium brick used in the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste proposed in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-chromium brick used in the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste proposed in this utility model.

[0019] Legend:

[0020] 1. Brick body; 2. Upper protrusion; 3. Insert block; 4. Groove; 5. Lower protrusion; 6. Slot; 7. Surface layer; 8. Inner layer one; 9. Inner layer two. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-3 This utility model provides an embodiment of a high-chromium brick for a high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste, comprising a brick body 1, an upper protrusion 2 fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the brick body 1, and a lower protrusion 5 fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the brick body 1. By setting the upper protrusion 2 and the lower protrusion 5, the brick body 1 can be positioned to ensure the accuracy of the position of the brick body 1. A slot 6 is opened at the left end of the brick body 1, and an insert 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the right end of the brick body 1. By setting the insert 3 and the slot 6, multiple brick bodies 1 can be connected end to end. The top and bottom of the insert 3 are both provided with grooves 4. The lower protrusion 5 can be positioned by the grooves 4 cooperating with the top of the slot 6.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-3 The brick body 1 has an outer surface layer 7 made of silicon carbide. Silicon carbide has a high melting point and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which allows it to maintain good dimensional stability at high temperatures. It can withstand the high temperatures inside the furnace and will not crack due to thermal expansion and contraction during heating and cooling, thus extending the service life of the brick body 1. The inner layer of the brick body 1 consists of an inner layer 8 and an inner layer 9. Inner layer 8 is composed of coarse chromium ore particles with a diameter of 1-3 mm, and inner layer 9 is composed of medium chromium ore particles with a diameter of 0.1-1 mm. Mixing inner layers 8 and 9 allows the brick body 1 to gradually buffer thermal stress from the surface to the interior when facing rapid temperature changes, improving overall thermal shock stability. The dimensions of the groove 4 are adapted to the dimensions of the left ends of the upper protrusion 2 and lower protrusion 5. The dimensions of the slot 6 are adapted to the dimensions of the right ends of the upper protrusion 2 and lower protrusion 5. The size of the insert 3 is adapted to the size of the slot 6, and the height of the insert 3 is less than the height of the slot 6. When multiple bricks 1 are connected end to end, the insert 3 is located in the middle of the slot 6. The inner layer 1 8 and the inner layer 2 9 are arranged alternately.

[0024] Working principle: First, multiple bricks 1 are connected end to end, and the insert block 3 is inserted into the slot 6. After one layer is completed, the upper and lower layers are staggered, and the lower protrusion 5 is inserted into the groove 4 and cooperates with the top of the slot 6, thereby limiting the upper brick 1. This ensures that each brick can be accurately and quickly placed in the predetermined position, significantly shortening the furnace construction cycle, effectively reducing errors in the construction process, and improving the stability of the brick 1. By using chromium ore particles of different diameters, a tightly packed microstructure can be formed inside the brick, significantly reducing the porosity inside the brick and thus enhancing the overall strength of the brick.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. High-chromium bricks for high-temperature melting furnaces used in the harmless disposal of nuclear waste, characterized in that, The brick (1) includes an upper protrusion (2) fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the brick (1), a lower protrusion (5) fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom of the brick (1), a slot (6) opened at the left end of the brick (1), and an insert (3) fixedly connected to the middle of the right end of the brick (1). The top and bottom ends of the insert (3) are both provided with grooves (4).

2. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer of the brick (1) is provided with a surface layer (7), and the material of the surface layer (7) is silicon carbide. Silicon carbide has a high melting point and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and can maintain good dimensional stability in a high-temperature environment.

3. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner layer of the brick body (1) is provided with an inner layer one (8) and an inner layer two (9). The inner layer one (8) consists of coarse chromium ore particles with a diameter of 1-3 mm, and the inner layer two (9) consists of medium chromium ore particles with a diameter of 0.1-1 mm.

4. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the groove (4) are adapted to the dimensions of the left end of the upper protrusion (2) and the lower protrusion (5).

5. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the slot (6) are adapted to the dimensions of the right end of the upper protrusion (2) and the lower protrusion (5).

6. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the insert (3) is adapted to the size of the slot (6), and the height of the insert (3) is less than the height of the slot (6).

7. The high-chromium brick for the high-temperature melting furnace for the harmless disposal of nuclear waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner layer one (8) and the inner layer two (9) are arranged alternately.

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