Pretreatment device for biological raw materials

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of pretreatment, in particular to a pretreatment device for biological raw materials, which comprises a grinding barrel, a screening component for screening the biological raw materials and a pressing plate for pressing the crushed raw materials, the screening assembly comprises a rotating shaft and a screening plate fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a rotating motor is installed at the top end of the rotating shaft. And a cleaning plate is arranged at the bottom of the screening plate. According to the pretreatment device for the biological raw materials, when the rotating shaft drives the screening plate to rotate, the polisher can rotate along with the screening plate under the action of centrifugal force to move on the screening plate, at the moment, the polishing ball can collide with the fixing rod and grind and smash the plant raw materials, meanwhile, the screening plate vibrates, and therefore the plant raw materials can be ground and smashed. And the ground plant raw materials pass through the screening plate more smoothly, and the ground plant powder is extruded and discharged through the pressing plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pretreatment technology, specifically to a pretreatment device for biological raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the materials industry, the application of bio-based raw materials is driving the green transformation of the industry. By utilizing microorganisms or plant-based raw materials, low-carbon and environmentally friendly bio-based materials, such as bioplastics and biofibers, can be produced. These materials are not only biodegradable and biocompatible, but can also replace traditional petroleum-based materials, reducing their environmental impact.

[0003] In the processing of plant materials, the materials need to be pulverized to break the plant fibers and weaken or even separate the bond between cellulose and lignin. This increases the specific surface area of ​​lignocellulose, reduces particle size, lowers the degree of polymerization, and enhances its reactivity with biological enzymes.

[0004] Utility model application CN201821788743.X discloses a pulverizing device for bio-fertilizer production, comprising a main shell, a pretreatment body, an operation button, and a first observation window. A support frame is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the main shell. A second observation window is opened at the bottom of the front of the main shell. An operation button is fixedly embedded on the front of the main shell at the top of the second observation window. The pretreatment body is fixedly installed at the top of the main shell, and the first observation window is opened on the front of the pretreatment body. A feed inlet is opened on the right side inside the pretreatment body, and a second motor is fixedly installed inside the pretreatment body on the left side of the feed inlet. This pulverizing device for bio-fertilizer production can pre-crush raw materials, introduce nutrients to reduce the hardness of the raw materials, and simultaneously cool the main body of the device. It has a simple structure, reasonable design, and is easy to operate, thus facilitating its widespread adoption.

[0005] During the pre-treatment process of crushing plant raw materials, the sieve plate cannot be kept unobstructed after sieving, and the sieved plant powder cannot be compacted to increase the output per batch.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pretreatment device for biological raw materials that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0009] A pretreatment device for biological raw materials includes: a grinding barrel, a screening component for screening the biological raw materials, and a pressing plate for pressing the crushed raw materials.

[0010] The screening assembly includes a rotating shaft, a screening plate fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a rotating motor installed at the top of the rotating shaft;

[0011] The bottom of the screening plate is provided with a cleaning plate, and the cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the grinding barrel, and the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the rotating shaft;

[0012] The pressing plate consists of a semi-circular plate, a first spring installed in the middle of the semi-circular plate, and an inner retaining plate installed on the inner side of the semi-circular plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner clamping plate includes a second spring, a moving block, and a positioning rod; the second spring is fixedly connected to the moving block and to the semi-circular plate, and a positioning rod is provided at the horizontal center of the moving block.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressing plate is provided in two sets.

[0015] Furthermore, the cleaning plate is provided with a brush, and the length of the brush is slightly longer than the depth of the holes opened in the screening plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a reciprocating threaded groove is provided at the bottom end of the rotating shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the grinding barrel has multiple sets of vertically downward fixing rods on its inner top wall, and multiple grinding balls are arranged on the screening plate.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is a pretreatment device for biological raw materials. While the rotating shaft drives the sieve plate to rotate, its grinder will move on the sieve plate under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the grinding ball will hit the fixed rod and grind and crush the plant raw materials. At the same time, the sieve plate vibrates, so that the ground plant raw materials can pass through the sieve plate more smoothly, and the ground plant powder is squeezed and discharged by the pressing plate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pretreatment device for biological raw materials according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a pretreatment device for biological raw materials according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a pretreatment device for biological raw materials according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a pretreatment device for biological raw materials. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing plate of a pretreatment device for biological raw materials according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressing plate of a pretreatment device for biological raw materials according to this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Rotating motor; 2. Grinding barrel; 3. Controller; 4. Screening assembly; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Screening plate; 5. Fixing rod; 6. Cleaning plate; 7. Pressing plate; 71. Semicircular plate; 72. First spring; 73. Inner clamping plate; 731. Second spring; 732. Moving block; 733. Positioning rod. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. When a mechanism is referred to as being "fixed to" another mechanism, it can be directly on the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism. When a mechanism is considered to be "connected" to another mechanism, it can be directly connected to the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism at the same time. When a mechanism is considered to be "set on" another mechanism, it can be directly set on the other mechanism or there may be an intervening mechanism at the same time. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a pretreatment device for biological raw materials includes: a grinding barrel 2, a screening component 4 for screening the biological raw materials, and a pressing plate 7 for pressing the crushed raw materials.

[0030] In the processing of plant materials, the materials need to be pulverized to break the plant fibers and weaken or even separate the bond between cellulose and lignin. This increases the specific surface area of ​​lignocellulose, reduces particle size, lowers the degree of polymerization, and enhances its reactivity with biological enzymes, making it easier to mix and absorb.

[0031] The screening assembly 4 includes a rotating shaft 41 and a screening plate 42 fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft 41, and a rotating motor 1 is installed at the top of the rotating shaft 41. When plant materials are added into the grinding barrel 2, the motor is started to drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, and the screening plate 42 rotates in the same direction to mix the plant materials, which serves as the driving source for crushing the plant materials.

[0032] The bottom of the sieve plate 42 is provided with a cleaning plate 6, and the cleaning plate 6 is fixedly connected to the grinding barrel 2, and the cleaning plate 6 is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 41. When the rotating shaft 41 drives the sieve plate 42 to rotate, the bottom of the sieve plate 42 will come into contact with the cleaning plate 6. The cleaning plate 6 cleans the bottom of the sieve plate 42 to prevent the powder after the plant raw materials are ground from clogging the holes of the sieve plate 42.

[0033] As a supplement: the cleaning plate 6 is equipped with a brush, and the length of the brush is slightly longer than the depth of the holes opened in the sieve plate 42. This allows the brush on the cleaning plate 6 to penetrate deep into the holes opened in the sieve plate 42 while the sieve plate 42 is rotating, so as to better unclog the holes on the surface of the sieve plate 42 and prevent blockage. At the same time, some of the plant material being ground will get stuck in the holes on the surface of the sieve plate 42. Through the cleaning of the cleaning plate 6, the brush bristles will press down on the plant material. At this time, the stuck plant material will fall to the bottom of the cleaning plate 6 as the sieve plate 42 rotates.

[0034] The grinding barrel 2 has multiple sets of vertically downward fixed rods 5 on its inner top wall, and multiple grinding balls are arranged on the sieve plate 42. When the rotating shaft 41 drives the sieve plate 42 to rotate, its grinder will rotate with the sieve plate 42 under the action of centrifugal force and move on the sieve plate 42. At this time, the grinding balls will hit the fixed rods 5 and grind and crush the plant raw materials. At the same time, the sieve plate 42 vibrates, so that the ground plant raw materials can pass through the sieve plate 42 more smoothly, and the ground plant powder is squeezed and discharged by the pressing plate 7.

[0035] As a supplement: at this time, the collision between the grinding ball and the plant material causes the plant material to be torn into finer fibrous material. At the same time, due to the irregular movement and collision of the grinding ball, some plant material is squeezed between the fixed rod 5 and the grinding ball, and some material falls onto the screening plate 42. As the grinding ball rolls, it is crushed into finer material, which makes it easier to mix with other biological enzymes or nutrients.

[0036] The pressing plate 7 consists of a semi-circular plate 71, a first spring 72 installed in the middle of the semi-circular plate 71, and an inner clamping plate 73 installed on the inner side of the semi-circular plate 71. Both the pressing plate 7 and the inner clamping plate 73 are provided in two sets. The plant raw materials passing through the sieve plate 42 will fall into the bottom of the pressing plate 7 through the side hole. At this time, the pressing plate 7 can be lowered to press the plant raw material powder, thereby increasing the amount of raw materials that can be discharged in one processing.

[0037] The inner clamping plate 73 includes a second spring 731, a moving block 732, and a positioning rod 733. The second spring 731 is fixedly connected to the moving block 732 and to the semicircular plate 71. The positioning rod 733 is provided at the horizontal center of the moving block 732. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 41 is provided with a reciprocating thread groove, which abuts against the positioning rod 733. The semicircular plate 71 is slidably connected to the grinding barrel 2. When the rotating shaft 41 rotates, the semicircular plate 71 moves up and down along the reciprocating thread groove on the rotating shaft 41. At this time, the semicircular plate 71 compresses the falling plant raw material powder. At this time, the two sets of semicircular plates 71 are connected by springs and can move closer or further apart. As the space at the bottom outlet of the grinding barrel 2 decreases, the two sets of semicircular plates 71 are gradually compressed. As the space at the bottom outlet of the grinding barrel 2 increases, the two sets of semicircular plates 71 are released by the springs and move away from each other to cover the bottom of the grinding barrel 2.

[0038] A positioning rod 733 is provided at the horizontal center of the moving block 732, which abuts against the reciprocating thread groove. The moving block 732 can move laterally inside the semi-circular plate 71 by means of the second spring 731, and the moving block 732 can be limited by the semi-circular plate 71, so that it can move up and down along the reciprocating thread groove to compress and discharge the ground plant raw material powder.

[0039] Working principle:

[0040] By adding plant materials into the grinding barrel 2, the motor is started, driving the rotating shaft 41 to rotate. The sieve plate 42 rotates in the same direction to mix the plant materials, which serves as the driving source for crushing the plant materials. While the rotating shaft 41 drives the sieve plate 42 to rotate, the bottom of the sieve plate 42 will contact the cleaning plate 6. The cleaning plate 6 cleans the bottom of the sieve plate 42 to prevent the powder from the ground plant materials from clogging the holes of the sieve plate 42. While the rotating shaft 41 drives the sieve plate 42 to rotate, its grinder will move on the sieve plate 42 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the grinding ball will hit the fixed rod 5 and grind the plant materials. At the same time, the sieve plate 42 vibrates, so that the ground plant materials can pass through the sieve plate 42 more smoothly. The grinding plant powder is squeezed and discharged by the pressing plate 7.

[0041] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A pretreatment device for biological raw materials, characterized in that, include: Grinding barrel, screening assembly for screening biological raw materials, and pressing plate for pressing the crushed raw materials; The screening assembly includes a rotating shaft, a screening plate fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a rotating motor installed at the top of the rotating shaft; The bottom of the screening plate is provided with a cleaning plate, and the cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the grinding barrel, and the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the rotating shaft; The pressing plate consists of a semi-circular plate, a first spring installed in the middle of the semi-circular plate, and an inner retaining plate installed on the inner side of the semi-circular plate.

2. The pretreatment device for biological raw materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner clamping plate includes a second spring, a moving block, and a positioning rod; the second spring is fixedly connected to the moving block and to the semi-circular plate, and a positioning rod is provided at the horizontal center of the moving block.

3. The pretreatment device for biological raw materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing plate is provided in two sets.

4. The pretreatment device for biological raw materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning plate is equipped with a brush, and the length of the brush is slightly longer than the depth of the holes in the sieve plate.

5. The pretreatment device for biological raw materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the rotating shaft is provided with a reciprocating thread groove.

6. The pretreatment apparatus for biological raw materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding barrel has multiple sets of vertically downward fixing rods on its inner top wall, and multiple grinding balls are arranged on the screening plate.

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