Water electrolysis hydrogen production and methanol preparation coupling system

Abstract

The utility model provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production and methanol preparation coupling system which is characterized in that the outlet end of a biomass gasification device is communicated with the first gas inlet end of a first desulfurization and decarburization assembly and is communicated with the gas inlet of a carbon monoxide water vapor converter at the same time; a gas outlet of the carbon monoxide water vapor converter is communicated with a second gas inlet end of the second desulfurization and decarbonization assembly; the exhaust end of the first desulfurization and decarburization assembly is communicated with the third gas inlet end of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor through a synthetic gas pipeline, the synthetic gas pipeline is further communicated with one end of a first hydrogen supplementing pipeline, and the other end of the first hydrogen supplementing pipeline is communicated with the exhaust end of the second desulfurization and decarburization assembly; the synthetic gas pipeline is further communicated with one end of a second hydrogen supplementing pipeline, and the other end of the second hydrogen supplementing pipeline is communicated with a finished gas exhaust end of the renewable energy source water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy utilization technology, specifically to a coupled system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and methanol preparation. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of global energy transition and environmental protection, green chemistry has become an important direction for promoting the sustainable development of the chemical industry. Among these technologies, the production of green hydrogen (hydrogen generated through clean energy processes) via water electrolysis using renewable energy is considered a key technology for reducing carbon emissions and achieving a low-carbon transition in the chemical industry. Due to its zero-carbon emission characteristics during production, green hydrogen has significant environmental advantages compared to traditional gray hydrogen (mainly produced through fossil fuel steam reforming, accompanied by large amounts of carbon dioxide emissions), thus possessing enormous application potential in promoting the green development of the chemical industry.

[0003] For the emerging green methanol industry, using syngas (mainly composed of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide) produced by biomass gasification as a raw material for downstream methanol synthesis is one of the main approaches. However, because the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in syngas is low, it cannot meet the 2:1 hydrogen-to-carbon ratio requirement for methanol synthesis. Therefore, a carbon monoxide-water conversion section is needed to convert carbon monoxide and water vapor into hydrogen and carbon dioxide to increase the hydrogen content. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coupled system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and methanol preparation. By coupling the hydrogen production system by water electrolysis with the methanol preparation system, the green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis can be rationally utilized to supply hydrogen in the methanol preparation process to adjust the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the syngas, thereby effectively utilizing the green hydrogen.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a coupled system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and methanol preparation, including a biomass gasification device, a carbon monoxide steam converter, a first desulfurization and decarbonization component, a second desulfurization and decarbonization component, a carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor, and a renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0006] The outlet end of the biomass gasification device is connected to the first air inlet end of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component and at the same time to the air inlet of the carbon monoxide steam converter. The outlet of the carbon monoxide steam converter is connected to the second air inlet end of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component.

[0007] The exhaust end of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component is connected to the third inlet end of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor via a syngas pipeline. The syngas pipeline is also connected to one end of the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline, and the other end of the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline is connected to the exhaust end of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component. The syngas pipeline is also connected to one end of the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline, and the other end of the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline is connected to the exhaust end of the finished product gas of the renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0008] By adopting this method, the inlet of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor is connected to the exhaust ends of the first and second desulfurization and decarbonization components, and also to the exhaust end of the finished product gas from the renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system. This allows the hydrogen produced by the renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system to replenish the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor. When the green hydrogen energy supply is sufficient, the carbon monoxide steam converter can reduce its load, and the methanol production system mainly uses green hydrogen as the hydrogen source for adjusting the carbon-hydrogen ratio. During periods of low green hydrogen energy supply, the methanol production system mainly uses green hydrogen as the hydrogen source for adjusting the carbon-hydrogen ratio, primarily supplied by the carbon monoxide steam converter. This adapts to the fluctuations and intermittent nature of renewable energy green hydrogen production, thus enabling the rational use of green hydrogen energy.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor and a first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe, one end of which is connected to the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline, and the other end is connected to the feed gas inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor and a second hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe, one end of which is connected to the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline, and the other end is connected to the feed gas inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor.

[0011] Optionally, the feed gas inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component through a first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe; and / or, the feed gas inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component through a second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a buffer tank, wherein the first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor through the buffer tank; and / or, the second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor through the buffer tank.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a first methanol separator and a methanol distillation unit, wherein the first inlet of the first methanol separator is connected to the first reaction gas outlet of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor;

[0014] The first separation gas outlet of the first methanol separator is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit, and is also connected to the third gas inlet of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor through the first circulating gas pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a second methanol separator and a methanol distillation unit, wherein the second inlet of the second methanol separator is connected to the second reaction gas outlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor;

[0016] The second separation gas outlet of the second methanol separator is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit, and is also connected to the feed gas inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor through the second circulating gas pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system further includes an oxygen exhaust pipe, which is connected to the fourth air inlet of the biomass gasification device.

[0018] Optionally, both the first and second desulfurization and decarbonization components include desulfurization units and decarbonization units sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction, with the desulfurization unit located upstream of the decarbonization unit. Other features and advantages of this specification will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of this specification and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of this specification.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and methanol preparation in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 middle:

[0022] 1-Biomass gasification unit; 11-Fourth air inlet; 12-Outlet of biomass gasification unit; 1a-First branch; 1b-Second branch; 2-Carbon monoxide steam converter; 21-Air inlet of carbon monoxide steam converter; 22-Air outlet of carbon monoxide steam converter; 3-First desulfurization and decarbonization assembly; 31-First air inlet; 3a-First carbon dioxide exhaust pipe; 3b-Synthesis gas pipe; 4-Second desulfurization and decarbonization assembly; 41-Second air inlet; 4a-Second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe; 4b-First hydrogen replenishment pipe; 5a-Desulfurization unit; 5b-Decarbonization unit; 6-Carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor; 6a-Third air inlet; 6b-First reactant gas outlet; 7-Renewable energy electrolysis water to hydrogen production system; 71-Product gas exhaust end; 7a-Second hydrogen replenishment pipeline; 7b-Oxygen exhaust pipeline; 8-Carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor; 8a-First hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe; 81-Feed gas inlet of carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor; 8b-Second hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe; 82-Second reactant gas outlet; 91-Buffer tank; 92-First methanol separator; 921-First inlet; 922-First separated gas outlet; 92a-First circulating gas pipeline; 93-Second methanol separator; 931-Second inlet; 932-Second separated gas outlet; 93a-Second circulating gas pipeline; 10-Methanol distillation unit. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation. By coupling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system with the methanol preparation system, the green hydrogen produced by water electrolysis can be rationally utilized to supply hydrogen in the methanol preparation process to adjust the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the syngas, thereby effectively utilizing the green hydrogen.

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between the components.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coupling system for hydrogen production by water electrolysis and methanol preparation in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] This invention provides a coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation, comprising a biomass gasification unit 1, a carbon monoxide steam converter 2, a first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3, a second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4, a carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6, and a renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system 7. The biomass gasification unit 1 is a device that converts solid biomass feedstock into combustible gases (such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen). The carbon monoxide steam converter 2 is a device that uses a catalyst to react carbon monoxide with water vapor to convert it into carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Its main function is to remove carbon monoxide from the gas while simultaneously generating syngas (mainly composed of carbon dioxide and hydrogen). The two desulfurization and decarbonization components each include a desulfurization unit 5a and a decarbonization unit 5b, sequentially distributed along the gas flow direction. The desulfurization unit 5a is located upstream of the decarbonization unit 5b and desulfurizes and decarbonizes the gas from the biomass gasification unit 1, thereby preventing impurities from contaminating the methanol. The carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 is used to perform a hydrogenation reaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

[0028] The outlet end 12 of the biomass gasification device 1 is connected to the first inlet end 31 of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 via the first branch 1a, so as to supply carbon monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide to the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3; the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 has an exhaust end, which includes a carbon dioxide exhaust port and a syngas exhaust port. The carbon dioxide exhaust port of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 outputs carbon dioxide to the outside through the first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 3a, and the syngas exhaust port is connected to the third inlet end 6a of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 via the syngas pipe 3b, thereby providing syngas to the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6.

[0029] The outlet 12 of the biomass gasification unit 1 is connected to the inlet 21 of the carbon monoxide steam converter 2 via the second branch 1b. The outlet 22 of the carbon monoxide steam converter 2 is connected to the second inlet 41 of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4. The second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4 has an exhaust end, which includes a carbon dioxide exhaust port and a hydrogen exhaust port. The carbon dioxide exhaust port of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4 outputs carbon dioxide to the outside through the second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 4a. The hydrogen exhaust port is connected to the synthesis gas pipe 3b through the first hydrogen replenishment pipe 4b, thereby replenishing hydrogen to the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6.

[0030] In addition, the syngas pipeline 3b is also connected to the finished gas exhaust end 71 of the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7 via the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline 7a.

[0031] By adopting this method, the third inlet end 6a of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 is connected to the exhaust end of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 and the exhaust end of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4. In addition, it is also connected to the finished gas exhaust end 71 of the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7. Thus, the hydrogen produced by the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7 can be used to supplement the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6. When the green hydrogen energy supply is sufficient, the carbon monoxide steam converter 2 can reduce its load. At this time, the methanol production system mainly uses green hydrogen as the hydrogen source to adjust the carbon-hydrogen ratio. When the green hydrogen energy supply is low, the methanol production system mainly uses green hydrogen as the hydrogen source to adjust the carbon-hydrogen ratio, which is mainly provided by the carbon monoxide steam converter 2. This can adapt to the fluctuation and intermittency of renewable energy green hydrogen production and make reasonable use of green hydrogen energy.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the coupling system further includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 and a first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe 8a. One end of the first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe 8a is connected to a first hydrogen replenishment pipeline 4b, and the other end is connected to the feed gas inlet 81 of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8. Thus, hydrogen in the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline 4b can be transported to the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 through the first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe 8a. When the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 uses green hydrogen as a hydrogen replenishment source, excess hydrogen in the first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe 8a can be supplied to the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor. By setting up the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8, the carbon-hydrogen ratio of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 can be adjusted using hydrogen generated by the carbon monoxide steam converter 2, thereby further improving the methanol production efficiency of the methanol production system.

[0033] In another optional embodiment, the coupling system further includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 and a second hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe 8b, one end of which is connected to a second hydrogen replenishment pipeline 7a, and the other end is connected to the feed gas inlet 81 of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8. Thus, when the green hydrogen supply is large, both the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 can simultaneously use green hydrogen as a supplementary hydrogen source.

[0034] It is understandable that the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 can also be connected to both the first hydrogen supply sub-pipe 8a and the second hydrogen supply sub-pipe 8b, thus providing two hydrogen sources. This would further increase the adaptability of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8.

[0035] In the two embodiments described above, the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 through the first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 3a; and / or, the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4 through the second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 4a.

[0036] By adopting this method, the carbon dioxide produced by the first desulfurization and decarbonization component 3 and the second desulfurization and decarbonization component 4 can be utilized, making full use of green carbon energy, reducing waste, and also reducing the carbon emissions of the methanol production system.

[0037] Optionally, it also includes a buffer tank 91, through which a first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 3a is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8; and / or, through the buffer tank 91, a second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe 4a is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8. By providing the buffer tank 91, when the required amount of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 decreases, excess carbon dioxide can be stored in the buffer tank 91.

[0038] The working process of the coupling system in this application will be described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 is connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust ports of the two desulfurization and decarbonization components. At the same time, the hydrogen produced by the carbon monoxide steam conversion device and the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be used as hydrogen sources for supplementary hydrogen production.

[0039] When the amount of finished gas (hydrogen) provided by the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7 is sufficient, the carbon monoxide steam converter 2 operates at low load, and the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 use the hydrogen provided by the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7 as hydrogen sources to produce methanol.

[0040] When the amount of finished gas (hydrogen) provided by the renewable energy water electrolysis hydrogen production system 7 is low, the carbon monoxide steam converter 2 operates at high load to ensure the minimum operating load of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 and the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8. This allows the system to adapt to the large fluctuations in renewable energy supply while ensuring continuous, uninterrupted operation of the methanol production system.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, a first methanol separator 92 and a methanol distillation unit 10 are also included. The first inlet 921 of the first methanol separator 92 is connected to the reaction gas outlet 6b of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6. The first separated gas outlet 922 of the first methanol separator 92 is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit 10, and is also connected to the third gas inlet 6a of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor 6 through a first circulating gas pipeline 92a. This improves the circulating gas utilization efficiency of the methanol preparation system.

[0042] Optionally, the system also includes a second methanol separator 93 and a methanol distillation unit 10. The second inlet 931 of the second methanol separator 93 is connected to the second reaction gas outlet 82 of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8. While the second separated gas outlet 932 of the second methanol separator 93 is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit 10, it is also connected to the feed gas inlet 81 of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor 8 via a second circulating gas pipeline 93a. This improves the circulating gas utilization efficiency of the methanol production system.

[0043] In other embodiments, the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7 further includes an oxygen exhaust pipe 7b, which is connected to the fourth air inlet 11 of the biomass gasification device 1. This further utilizes the oxygen within the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7, thereby further improving the utilization rate of the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system 7.

[0044] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation, characterized in that, It includes a biomass gasification unit (1), a carbon monoxide steam converter (2), a first desulfurization and decarbonization component (3), a second desulfurization and decarbonization component (4), a carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor (6), and a renewable energy electrolysis water production system (7). The outlet end (12) of the biomass gasification device (1) is connected to the first inlet end (31) of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component (3) and at the same time, it is connected to the inlet (21) of the carbon monoxide steam converter (2). The outlet (22) of the carbon monoxide steam converter (2) is connected to the second inlet end (41) of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component (4). The exhaust end of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component (3) is connected to the third inlet end (6a) of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor (6) via a syngas pipeline (3b). The syngas pipeline (3b) is also connected to one end of the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline (4b), and the other end of the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline (4b) is connected to the exhaust end of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component (4). The syngas pipeline (3b) is also connected to one end of the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline (7a), and the other end of the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline (7a) is connected to the finished gas exhaust end (71) of the renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system (7).

2. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8) and a first hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe (8a), one end of which is connected to the first hydrogen replenishment pipeline (4b), and the other end is connected to the raw material gas inlet (81) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8).

3. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8) and a second hydrogen replenishment sub-pipe (8b), one end of which is connected to the second hydrogen replenishment pipeline (7a), and the other end is connected to the raw material gas inlet (81) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8).

4. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The raw material gas inlet (81) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8) is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the first desulfurization and decarbonization component (3) through the first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe (3a); and / or, the raw material gas inlet (81) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8) is directly or indirectly connected to the carbon dioxide exhaust port of the second desulfurization and decarbonization component (4) through the second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe (4a).

5. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer tank (91), through which the first carbon dioxide exhaust pipe (3a) is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8); and / or, through which the second carbon dioxide exhaust pipe (4a) is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8).

6. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first methanol separator (92) and a methanol distillation unit (10), wherein the first inlet (921) of the first methanol separator (92) is connected to the first reaction gas outlet (6b) of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor (6); The first separation gas outlet (922) of the first methanol separator (92) is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit (10), and is also connected to the third gas inlet (6a) of the carbon monoxide hydrogenation reactor (6) through the first circulating gas pipeline (92a).

7. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a second methanol separator (93) and a methanol distillation unit (10), wherein the second inlet (931) of the second methanol separator (93) is connected to the second reaction gas outlet (82) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8); The second separation gas outlet (932) of the second methanol separator (93) is connected to the inlet of the methanol distillation unit (10), and is also connected to the raw material gas inlet (81) of the carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactor (8) through the second circulating gas pipeline (93a).

8. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The renewable energy electrolysis water hydrogen production system (7) also includes an oxygen exhaust pipe (7b), which is connected to the fourth air inlet (11) of the biomass gasification device (1).

9. The coupled system for hydrogen production via water electrolysis and methanol preparation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first desulfurization and decarbonization component (3) and the second desulfurization and decarbonization component (4) both include a desulfurization unit (5a) and a decarbonization unit (5b) distributed sequentially along the gas flow direction, with the desulfurization unit (5a) located upstream of the decarbonization unit (5b).

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