Heading machine cutter head and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and particularly provides a tunneling machine cutter head and a tunneling machine. The heading machine cutterhead comprises a cutterhead body, an overbreak cutter box is hinged to the cutterhead body, the hinge axis is parallel to the tangent line of the cutterhead body, an overbreak cutter is installed on the overbreak cutter box, and a driving device for driving the overbreak cutter box to swing around the hinge axis is connected between the overbreak cutter box and the cutterhead body. The swinging stroke of the over-excavation cutter box has an over-excavation working position for the over-excavation cutter to carry out over-excavation on a soil body and a cutter replacing working position for replacing the over-excavation cutter, and the back of the over-excavation cutter box is provided with an opening for the over-excavation cutter to pass through when the over-excavation cutter is replaced; and the disc body is provided with a tool changing channel through which the overexcavation tool can pass when the overexcavation tool box is located at the tool changing working position. The heading machine comprises the heading machine cutterhead. According to the cutterhead of the heading machine, the overexcavation cutter can be directly replaced under the condition that the overexcavation cutter box is not disassembled, and the cutterhead is convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and in particular relates to a tunneling machine cutterhead and a tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] A full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a rotatable cutterhead, which is typically equipped with over-digging cutters to extend beyond the cutterhead circumference and over-dig the soil beyond the excavation diameter (GB / T 34651-2017). Once the over-digging cutters wear out or are damaged, they need to be replaced promptly; otherwise, it will significantly impact the TBM's operation. It is easy to understand that the efficiency of over-digging cutter replacement is related to the overall construction progress. Therefore, in limited construction environments, it is essential to provide a cutterhead that allows for easy replacement of over-digging cutters.

[0003] Patent document CN108825257A discloses a tunneling machine and its over-digging cutter head. The cutter head of the tunneling machine is equipped with a guide sleeve and a retractable driver. One end of the driver is detachably connected to a cutter bar (i.e., a cutter holder), on which a cutting tool is mounted. The cutter bar and the guide sleeve are guided together, and under the drive of the driver, the cutter bar can move along the guide sleeve. When changing the cutting tool, the driver pulls the cutter bar backward, then the driver is removed, and the cutter bar and cutting tool are taken out, completing the tool replacement.

[0004] When changing tools, the aforementioned cutter head requires the driver and tool holder to be completely removed from the cutter head, which is a cumbersome and inefficient process. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunneling machine cutterhead to solve the technical problem of inconvenient replacement of over-digging cutters in existing tunneling machine cutterheads. Another purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunneling machine to solve the same technical problem.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the tunneling machine cutterhead provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A tunneling machine cutterhead includes a disc body, an over-digging cutter box hinged to the disc body with the hinge axis parallel to the tangent of the disc body, an over-digging cutter box equipped with over-digging cutters, and a drive device connecting the over-digging cutter box and the disc body to drive the over-digging cutter box to swing around the hinge axis. The swing stroke of the over-digging cutter box has an over-digging working position for over-digging the soil by the over-digging cutters and a cutter changing working position for changing the over-digging cutters. The back of the over-digging cutter box has an opening for the over-digging cutters to pass through when changing the over-digging cutters, and the disc body is provided with a cutter changing channel for the over-digging cutters to pass through when the over-digging cutter box is in the cutter changing working position.

[0008] As a further improvement, the drive device includes a telescopic driver, the telescopic output end of which is hinged to the over-digging toolbox, and the fixed length end of which is hinged to the disc body.

[0009] As a further improvement, the hinge position between the over-digging toolbox and the telescopic drive is located inside the hinge position between the over-digging toolbox and the disc body.

[0010] As a further improvement, the disk body is provided with a drive mounting base. The fixed-length end of the telescopic driver is hinged to the drive mounting base on the disk body. The drive mounting base has a split structure, including a first split base and a second split base that are interlocked with each other. A portion of the telescopic driver is located in the space formed by the first split base and the second split base.

[0011] As a further improvement, the first and second half-seats each have a semi-circular groove, and the semi-circular grooves of the first and second half-seats interlock to form a hinge mounting hole, in which the hinge shaft of the telescopic driver and the drive mounting seat is located.

[0012] As a further improvement, the hinge position of the telescopic driver and the drive mount is located in the center of the length direction of the fixed end.

[0013] As a further improvement, the drive unit includes a telescopic driver, and the hinge position of the telescopic driver with the over-digging toolbox is located at the center of the over-digging toolbox axial direction.

[0014] As a further improvement, the disc body is provided with a limit block that supports and holds the over-digging toolbox in the tool changing position when the over-digging toolbox is in the tool changing position.

[0015] As a further improvement, the disc body is provided with a back-top structure that pushes the over-digging cutter box to withstand the propulsion reaction force when the over-digging cutter box is in the over-digging working position.

[0016] This invention is a pioneering creation, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The tunneling machine cutterhead of this invention is equipped with an articulated over-digging cutter. During forward tunneling, the control drive device can swing the over-digging cutter box to the over-digging working position. When it is necessary to replace the over-digging cutter, the control drive device can swing the over-digging cutter box to the cutter changing position, and the old over-digging cutter can be removed from the opening on the back of the over-digging cutter box and taken out from the cutter changing channel. The new over-digging cutter can be installed through the same path. Compared with the prior art, the tunneling machine cutterhead of this invention can directly complete the replacement of over-digging cutters without disassembling the over-digging cutter box, which is convenient and efficient.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the tunneling machine provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0018] A tunneling machine includes a cutterhead, which includes a disc body. An over-digging cutter box is hinged to the disc body with the hinge axis parallel to the tangent of the disc body. Over-digging cutters are mounted on the over-digging cutter box. A drive device is connected between the over-digging cutter box and the disc body to drive the over-digging cutter box to swing around the hinge axis. The swing stroke of the over-digging cutter box has an over-digging working position for over-digging the soil by the over-digging cutters and a cutter changing working position for changing the over-digging cutters. The back of the over-digging cutter box has an opening for the over-digging cutters to pass through when changing the over-digging cutters. The disc body is provided with a cutter changing channel for the over-digging cutters to pass through when the over-digging cutter box is in the cutter changing working position.

[0019] As a further improvement, the drive device includes a telescopic driver, the telescopic output end of which is hinged to the over-digging toolbox, and the fixed length end of which is hinged to the disc body.

[0020] As a further improvement, the hinge position between the over-digging toolbox and the telescopic drive is located inside the hinge position between the over-digging toolbox and the disc body.

[0021] As a further improvement, the disk body is provided with a drive mounting base. The fixed-length end of the telescopic driver is hinged to the drive mounting base on the disk body. The drive mounting base has a split structure, including a first split base and a second split base that are interlocked with each other. A portion of the telescopic driver is located in the space formed by the first split base and the second split base.

[0022] As a further improvement, the first and second half-seats each have a semi-circular groove, and the semi-circular grooves of the first and second half-seats interlock to form a hinge mounting hole, in which the hinge shaft of the telescopic driver and the drive mounting seat is located.

[0023] As a further improvement, the hinge position of the telescopic driver and the drive mount is located in the center of the length direction of the fixed end.

[0024] As a further improvement, the drive unit includes a telescopic driver, and the hinge position of the telescopic driver with the over-digging toolbox is located at the center of the over-digging toolbox axial direction.

[0025] As a further improvement, the disc body is provided with a limit block that supports and holds the over-digging toolbox in the tool changing position when the over-digging toolbox is in the tool changing position.

[0026] As a further improvement, the disc body is provided with a back-top structure that pushes the over-digging cutter box to withstand the propulsion reaction force when the over-digging cutter box is in the over-digging working position.

[0027] This invention is a pioneering creation, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The tunneling machine cutterhead of this invention is equipped with an articulated over-digging cutter. During forward tunneling, the control drive device can swing the over-digging cutter box to the over-digging working position. When it is necessary to replace the over-digging cutter, the control drive device can swing the over-digging cutter box to the cutter changing position, and the old over-digging cutter can be removed from the opening on the back of the over-digging cutter box and taken out from the cutter changing channel. The new over-digging cutter can be installed through the same path. Compared with the prior art, the tunneling machine cutterhead of this invention can directly complete the replacement of over-digging cutters without disassembling the over-digging cutter box, which is convenient and efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of the over-digging cutter installation position (over-digging working position) in an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the installation position of the over-digging cutter in an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead of this utility model (cutter changing position).

[0030] Figure 3 This is a front view of the over-digging cutter box of an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a side view of the over-digging cutter box of an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram (back view) of the installation position of the over-digging cutter in an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the over-digging cutter in an embodiment of the tunneling machine cutterhead of this utility model.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Over-digging tool; 2. Over-digging tool box; 3. Large ring; 4. First ear plate; 5. Limiting block; 6. Telescopic driver; 7. Disc body; 8. Driver mounting base; 9. Second ear plate; 10. Wedge block; 11. Pad block; 12. Tensioning block; 13. Tool tensioning bolt; 14. Pad tensioning bolt; 801. First half-seat; 802. Second half-seat. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To improve the efficiency of over-digging cutter replacement, the basic technical concept of this utility model is to provide a tunneling machine cutterhead with over-digging cutters hinged to the cutterhead body. Specifically, the over-digging cutter box, which houses the over-digging cutters, is hinged to the cutterhead body. The cutter box allows the over-digging cutters to be directly removed from the back, and a cutter replacement channel is provided on the cutterhead body for the over-digging cutters to pass through during installation and removal. During normal forward tunneling, the over-digging cutter box can be controlled to swing to the normal over-digging (expanding) state. When a cutter replacement is needed, the over-digging cutter box can be controlled to swing to a state where it aligns with the cutter replacement channel on the cutterhead body, thus facilitating the installation and removal of the over-digging cutters. Throughout the entire cutter replacement process, no other components besides the over-digging cutters need to be removed, making it convenient and efficient.

[0037] Based on the above concept, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0038] Specific embodiments of the tunneling machine cutterhead provided by this utility model:

[0039] As a most basic implementation example, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the tunneling machine cutterhead includes a disc body 7. In essence, the disc body 7 is mounted on the main drive of the tunneling machine and rotates on a fixed axis under the action of the main drive. The specific form of the disc body 7 is not specifically limited here, and the disc body 7 of the TBM cutterhead or shield machine cutterhead in the prior art can be directly adopted.

[0040] The disc body 7 is equipped with a hinged over-digging cutter box 2. Specifically, the over-digging cutter box 2 is hinged to the disc body 7, and the hinge axis is parallel to the tangential direction of the disc body 7. In this way, the over-digging cutter box 2 can achieve inward rotation relative to the rotation center axis of the disc body 7. Figure 1 (below) and outward ( Figure 1 (Above) it swings. Of course, to facilitate the hinge connection between the over-digging cutter box 2 and the disc body 7, a hinge lug can be installed on the over-digging cutter box 2, i.e. Figure 1 The first ear plate 4 is shown in the figure. The over-digging cutter box 2 is equipped with an over-digging cutter 1. Specifically, the over-digging cutter 1 can be a disc cutter, a ripper, a toothed cutter, a scraper, etc., which can be flexibly selected according to different strata. The figure shows an example of an implementation of a disc cutter.

[0041] To enable active control of the swing of the over-digging cutter box 2, a drive device is connected between the over-digging cutter box 2 and the disc body 7 to drive the over-digging cutter box 2 to swing around the hinge axis. The drive device can take various forms; the figure exemplifies a preferred method, namely, using a telescopic actuator 6. Specifically, the telescopic actuator 6 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder, etc. The telescopic actuator 6 has a telescopic output end and a fixed-length end (the end with a constant length). For a hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic output end is generally the piston rod end, and the fixed-length end is generally the cylinder barrel end. The telescopic output end is hinged to the over-digging cutter box 2, and the fixed-length end is hinged to the disc body 7. Correspondingly, a lug plate, i.e., the second lug plate 9 shown in the figure, can be provided on the over-digging cutter box 2. Of course, the hinge axes at both ends of the telescopic actuator 6 are parallel to the hinge axes between the over-digging cutter box 2 and the disc body 7. In this case, the telescopic actuator 6, the disc body 7, and the over-digging cutter box 2 can form a stable triangular structure, which can improve the stability of the over-digging cutter box 2. However, it should be noted that in other embodiments, the drive unit can also be a rotary power unit, such as an electric motor or a hydraulic motor. The power output shaft of the rotary power unit is parallel or coaxial with the hinge axis of the over-digging cutter box 2 and the disc body 7. The pipeline for supplying power or oil to the drive unit can be connected to the central rotary joint (conventional means) located at the center of the disc body 7.

[0042] The over-digging cutter box 2 has two key working positions during its swing stroke: the over-digging working position, which satisfies the over-digging cutter 1 to over-dig the soil. Figure 2 ) and the tool change station for replacing the over-digging tool 1 ( Figure 1 The over-digging tool 1 adopts a back-mounted tool changer design, meaning that the back of the over-digging tool box 2 has an opening for the over-digging tool 1 to pass through when changing it. The over-digging tool 1 can be removed from the over-digging tool box 2 through the back opening, and a new over-digging tool 1 can be sent to the over-digging tool box 2. The disc body 7 is provided with a tool changing channel for the over-digging tool 1 to pass through when the over-digging tool box 2 is in the tool changing position. In other words, when the over-digging tool box 2 is in the tool changing position, the back of the over-digging tool 1 can be directly exposed on the back side of the cutter disc, allowing for direct tool changing.

[0043] For ease of understanding, the following provides a specific implementation method for back-mounted locking of the over-digging toolbox 2 and the over-digging tool 1, such as... Figure 6As shown, the over-digging cutter box 2 is equipped with a wedge block 10 and a pad block 11 that can lock the cutter shaft of the over-digging cutter 1 together with the cutter box body. The wedge block 10 is connected to the cutter box body through a cutter tension bolt 13, and the pad block 11 is connected to a tension block 12 through a pad block tension bolt 14. When disassembling the cutter, the tension bolt can be loosened first to separate the wedge block 10 from the cutter shaft, and then the tension block 12 and the pad block tension bolt 14 can be removed to remove the pad block 11. The over-digging cutter 1 can then be moved out from the back of the over-digging cutter box 2. The process of installing the over-digging cutter 1 is the reverse of the above. However, it should be emphasized that the locking method of the over-digging cutter box 2 and the over-digging cutter 1 is not limited to the form shown above. For example, the cutter box solutions provided in the applicant's utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN210460672U, invention patent application with application publication number CN110617076A, and utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN214787394U are also available.

[0044] As can be seen from the above analysis, unlike the existing technology, the tunneling machine cutterhead in this embodiment does not need to be removed from the over-digging cutter box 2 when changing cutters. The over-digging cutter 1 can be directly replaced from the back, which is more convenient and efficient.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hinge position between the over-digging cutterhead 2 and the telescopic drive 6 is located inside the hinge position between the over-digging cutterhead 2 and the disc body 7. Since the over-digging cutterhead 2 is basically installed at the outermost edge of the disc body 7, the space inside the over-digging cutterhead 2 is more ample, which makes it easier to install the telescopic drive 6. However, it should be noted that in some alternative embodiments, for some large-diameter tunneling machine cutterheads, it is not ruled out that the two hinge positions mentioned above may be interchanged.

[0046] In some preferred embodiments, to protect the telescopic driver 6, the disk body 7 is provided with a drive mounting base 8, and the fixed-length end of the telescopic driver 6 is hinged to the drive mounting base 8. Specifically, the drive mounting base 8 has a split structure, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive mounting base 8 includes a split first half-base 801 and a second half-base 802, which are interlocked (welded, bolted, etc.). A portion of the telescopic actuator is located within the space enclosed by the interlocking first half-base 801 and the second half-base 802. In this configuration, the drive mounting base 8 resembles a cylindrical structure, protecting the portion of the telescopic actuator located within this space. Compared to a solution where the telescopic actuator 6 is directly exposed, this type of drive mounting base 8 protects the telescopic actuator 6 and improves reliability.

[0047] In a further preferred embodiment, when using the aforementioned drive mounting base 8, to facilitate the hinged installation of the telescopic driver 6, the first half-base 801 and the second half-base 802 each have a semi-circular groove. The semi-circular grooves of the two half-bases interlock to form a hinge shaft mounting hole, in which the hinge shaft connecting the telescopic driver 6 and the drive mounting base 8 is located. In this case, when installing the telescopic driver 6, the second half-base 802 can be installed first, then the telescopic driver 6 can be placed into the second half-base 802, and then the first half-base 801 can be interlocked to achieve normal installation of the telescopic driver 6.

[0048] In a further preferred embodiment, similarly, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hinge position of the telescopic actuator 6 and the drive mounting base 8 is located at the center of the length direction of the fixed end. At this time, the space on both sides of the hinge shaft can allow the telescopic actuator 6 to swing. Compared with setting the hinge position at the end of the fixed end, this configuration allows the drive mounting base 8 to be controlled within a smaller range.

[0049] The aforementioned telescopic actuator 6 can be provided in a single configuration, and the hinge position between the telescopic actuator 6 and the over-digging toolbox 2 is located at the center of the axial direction of the over-digging toolbox 2, i.e. Figure 4 The positions of the two second ear plates 9. Compared with configuring more than two telescopic actuators 6, the overall cost can be controlled without affecting the swing of the over-digging toolbox 2.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the disc body 7 also has a limiting block 5. The limiting block 5 is used to support the over-digging cutter box 2 when it is in the over-digging working position so that the over-digging cutter box 2 is kept in the tool changing working position. This can prevent the over-digging cutter box 2 from swinging excessively and keep it in the appropriate optimal position. On the other hand, it can also play a supporting role and improve the force on the drive device (telescopic drive).

[0051] In some other preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the disc body 7 is equipped with a back-support structure that pushes the over-digging cutter box 2 to withstand the propulsion reaction force when the over-digging cutter box 2 is in the over-digging working position. The back-support structure can be a complete ring structure, i.e., a large circular ring 3. Alternatively, it can be a circumferentially spaced segmented structure, with each segmented structure corresponding to each over-digging cutter box 2. Taking the large circular ring 3 as an example, in the over-digging working position, the large circular ring 3 can support the over-digging cutter box 2, withstand the pushing reaction force, and ensure that the over-digging cutter 1 can stably advance forward.

[0052] Specific embodiments of the tunneling machine in this utility model:

[0053] The tunneling machine includes a cutterhead with the same structure as the cutterhead embodiment of the tunneling machine described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tunneling machine cutterhead, characterized in that, The device includes a disc body, on which an over-digging cutter box is hinged with the hinge axis parallel to the tangent of the disc body. The over-digging cutter box is equipped with over-digging cutters. A drive device is connected between the over-digging cutter box and the disc body to drive the over-digging cutter box to swing around the hinge axis. During the swing stroke of the over-digging cutter box, there is an over-digging working position that allows the over-digging cutters to over-dig the soil and a cutter changing working position for changing the over-digging cutters. The back of the over-digging cutter box has an opening for the over-digging cutters to pass through when changing the over-digging cutters. The disc body is provided with a cutter changing channel for the over-digging cutters to pass through when the over-digging cutter box is in the cutter changing working position.

2. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive device includes a telescopic driver, the telescopic output end of which is hinged to the over-digging toolbox, and the fixed length end of which is hinged to the disc body.

3. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hinge point between the over-digging toolbox and the telescopic drive is located inside the hinge point between the over-digging toolbox and the disc body.

4. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The disk body is provided with a drive mounting base. The fixed length end of the telescopic driver is hinged to the drive mounting base on the disk body. The drive mounting base has a split structure, including a first split base and a second split base that are interlocked with each other. A portion of the telescopic driver is located in the space formed by the first split base and the second split base.

5. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first and second half-seats each have a semi-circular groove. The semi-circular grooves of the first and second half-seats interlock to form a hinge mounting hole. The hinge shaft of the telescopic driver and the drive mounting seat is located in the hinge mounting hole.

6. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hinge position of the telescopic driver and the drive mount is located in the center of the length direction of the fixed end.

7. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The drive device includes a telescopic driver, and the hinge position between the telescopic driver and the over-digging cutter box is located at the center of the axial direction of the over-digging cutter box.

8. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The disc body is equipped with a limit block that supports and holds the over-digging toolbox in the tool changing position when the over-digging toolbox is in the tool changing position.

9. The tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The disc body is equipped with a back-top structure that pushes the over-digging cutter box to withstand the propulsion reaction force when the over-digging cutter box is in the over-digging working position.

10. A tunneling machine, comprising a cutterhead, characterized in that, The cutterhead is the tunneling machine cutterhead as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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