Vehicle control system of sleigh vehicle
By controlling the heating relay and reverse gear relay with the ECU, the problem of battery depletion caused by the heating system in the snowmobile in cold environments is solved, ensuring stable battery power supply and vehicle reliability, and extending battery life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520591668.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-31
AI Technical Summary
In extremely cold environments, the batteries of sleds may become depleted due to the continuous operation of the heating system, affecting critical functions such as engine starting and potentially causing irreversible damage to the batteries.
The vehicle control system uses the ECU to intelligently control the operating timing of the heating relay, ensuring that the handlebar heating function is activated only when the engine speed reaches the set value. Combined with the reverse gear control module, the reverse gear relay uses a copper wire contact mechanical structure to prevent battery depletion in low-temperature environments.
It effectively solved the problem of power supply failure in extremely cold environments, extended the service life of the battery, improved the reliability and stability of the whole vehicle, and ensured the normal operation of key systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN223870984U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sleds, and particularly relates to a whole vehicle control system of a sled. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the popularity of winter sports and the continuous development of sled technology, the functions of modern sleds are increasingly rich, gradually evolving from the initial simple walking tool to high-end sports equipment integrating comfort, safety and entertainment. In the early development stage of sleds, the circuit system design is relatively simple, and the main function is limited to basic lighting and signal indication. These circuits are usually composed of a small amount of wires, mechanical switches and incandescent bulbs, and the system structure is simple and the function is single, only meeting the most basic driving needs.
[0003] With the vigorous development of skiing and the continuous improvement of user requirements for driving experience, the electronic and intelligent degree of sleds has been significantly improved. Among them, the heating function as an important configuration to improve comfort, especially the handlebar cover heating system has become a standard function of modern sleds. This heating system usually adopts the design of built-in resistance heating wire, which converts electrical energy into heat energy to maintain the comfortable temperature of the driver's hands. However, the introduction of this function also brings new technical challenges.
[0004] Sleds are mainly used in cold environments, and the low-temperature environment has a significant impact on the performance of the battery. Under the condition of zero temperature, the electrochemical reaction rate inside the battery is greatly reduced, and the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, resulting in the increase of the internal resistance of the battery and the decrease of the discharge capacity. The specific performance is as follows: in the environment of-20℃, the effective capacity of ordinary lead-acid batteries may be reduced to less than 50% of the normal temperature state; at the same time, low temperature can also accelerate the self-discharge process of the battery. When the sled uses the heating function, especially the handlebar cover heating of the continuous power consumption equipment, it will further aggravate the power consumption of the battery. This rapid power consumption not only causes the heating function to be unable to work continuously and normally, but more seriously, it may cause the battery to be deeply discharged, affecting the key functions such as engine starting, and even causing irreversible damage to the battery itself. SUMMARY
[0005] The utility model intends to provide a whole vehicle control system of a sled, in order to solve the problem of battery power loss caused by the continuous work of the heating system in a cold environment.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0007] The whole vehicle control system of the snowmobile comprises a power supply and an ECU, the power supply is connected with an oil injection subsystem, an ignition subsystem, an electric starting subsystem, a charging subsystem, an illumination subsystem and an engine cooling subsystem, the power supply is also connected with a heating control subsystem, the heating control subsystem comprises a heating fuse, a heating relay, a handle heating switch and a handle sleeve with a heater, the power supply transmits electric energy to the heating fuse through a master switch, and the handle sleeve is powered by the electric energy flowing through the heating fuse, the heating relay and the handle heating switch,
[0008] The control end of the heating relay is connected with the ECU, and the ECU is used to control the circuit connected with the handle heating switch to be conducted when the power supply is in a stable charging state.
[0009] The principle and advantages of the scheme are as follows: the ECU is used to control the on-off of the heating relay based on the engine speed, so that the handle heating function is ensured to be started only when the engine can stably charge the power supply (such as a storage battery), and the key systems such as oil injection, ignition and electric starting are integrated to form a complete whole vehicle control scheme. The system effectively solves the problem of power supply power loss in a severe cold environment, and has the characteristics of reasonable structure and high reliability.
[0010] The scheme ensures that the handle heating subsystem is started to work only when the engine speed reaches a set value to make the power supply in a stable charging state by the ECU intelligent control of the working time of the heating relay, so that the problem of power loss caused by the charging of the power supply not in time and the discharging too fast in a low temperature environment is effectively avoided.
[0011] By optimizing the working logic of the heating subsystem, the power supply is kept in a good working state at all times under the premise of ensuring driving comfort, which helps to prolong the service life of the power supply.
[0012] In addition, the power part (oil injection, ignition, etc.) and the auxiliary function part (heating, lighting, etc.) connected with the power supply can be conveniently set as systems that do not interfere with each other. Thus, when a short circuit fault occurs in the auxiliary function part, the fuse under the corresponding subsystem is blown, so that the normal operation of the power part is not affected, and the reliability of the whole vehicle is greatly improved.
[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, a diode is connected in series with the positive electrode of the power supply to avoid the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply being connected reversely and burning other subsystems.
[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, an electric injection fuse and a diode are connected between the power supply and the ECU to form protection for the ECU, so as to avoid the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply being connected reversely and burning the ECU.
[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the charging subsystem comprises a magneto, a rectifier and a charging fuse, when the engine is running, the magneto generates AC power, the AC power of the magneto enters the power supply after passing through the rectifier and the charging fuse; the existence of the charging fuse can timely melt the fuse when the charging current is too large, thereby protecting the charging subsystem.
[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, when the rotation speed of the magneto rotor reaches a set value, the power supply can be stably charged, the set value is the minimum rotation speed of the magneto when the power supply is stably charged, the rotation speed of the magneto is sensed by a sensor and transmitted to an ECU, and the ECU is used to control the heating relay to connect the handle heating switch circuit to be turned on when the rotation speed of the magneto reaches the set value.
[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the lighting subsystem comprises a headlight fuse, a headlight distance switch and a headlight connected in sequence, and the headlight fuse is used to communicate with the main switch, so that even if the lighting subsystem fails, the normal use of other systems will not be affected.
[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the reverse subsystem is further included, and the reverse subsystem is used to control the forward and reverse switching of the snowmobile.
[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the reverse subsystem is connected with the main switch through a main relay, and the heating subsystem is also connected with the main switch through the main relay.
[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the reverse subsystem further comprises a reverse control module comprising an R / D switch, and the reverse control module is connected with the reverse motor, and the output of the reverse motor changes after the R / D switch is switched.
[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the reverse motor is a three-wire reverse motor, when the first wire of the reverse motor is connected with the positive pole and the third wire is connected with the negative pole, the reverse motor is in the reverse state; when the second wire of the reverse motor is connected with the positive pole and the first wire is connected with the negative pole, the reverse motor is in the forward state.
[0022] The reverse control module further comprises a reverse relay one, a reverse relay two and a reverse relay three, and the R / D switch is connected with the control lines of the three reverse relays.
[0023] The reverse relay one has four pins, and the controlled line of the reverse relay one is connected when the R / D switch is turned on, one end of the controlled line of the reverse relay one is connected with the negative pole of the power supply circuit, and the other end is connected with the third wire of the reverse motor.
[0024] The reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three have five pins, and the common terminals of the reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three are connected with the normally closed contact when the R / D switch is turned on, and the common terminals of the reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three are connected with the normally open contact when the R / D switch is turned off.
[0025] The controlled lines of the reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three are connected with the positive pole of the power supply circuit at one end and connected with the R / D switch at the other end; the common terminal of the reverse gear relay two is connected with the first wire of the reverse gear motor, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay two is connected with the negative pole of the power supply circuit, and the normally closed contact of the reverse gear relay two is connected with the positive pole of the power supply circuit.
[0026] The common terminal of the reverse gear relay three is connected with the positive pole of the power supply circuit, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay three is connected with the second wire of the reverse gear motor, and the normally closed contact of the reverse gear relay three is connected with the controlled line of the reverse gear relay one.
[0027] When the forward gear state is adopted, the R / D switch is not turned on, and the reverse gear relay one is in the state of the controlled line being disconnected. In this state, the reverse gear relay one does not work, the current flows from the positive pole of the power supply circuit, passes through the common terminal of the reverse gear relay three, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay three, the second wire, enters the reverse gear motor, and flows out from the first wire of the reverse gear motor. The current flowing out passes through the common terminal of the reverse gear relay two, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay two, and finally enters the negative pole of the power supply circuit, forming a loop in the forward gear state.
[0028] When the reverse gear is started and the R / D switch is turned on, the controlled lines of the reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three are connected, the common terminals of the reverse gear relay two and the reverse gear relay three are connected with the normally closed contact, and the reverse gear relay three sends the current of the power supply circuit to the reverse gear relay one, so that the control line of the reverse gear relay one is connected, and the controlled line of the reverse gear relay one is also connected. At this time, the current sent out by the positive pole of the power supply circuit passes through the normally closed contact of the reverse gear relay two, the common terminal of the reverse gear relay two, the first wire, enters the reverse gear motor, and flows out from the third wire of the reverse gear motor. The current flowing out passes through the controlled line of the reverse gear relay one and finally enters the negative pole of the power supply circuit, forming a loop in the reverse gear state.
[0029] In the prior art, the reverse gear control module of the snowmobile is mostly composed of semiconductor chips. However, the transistors in the semiconductor chips have the defect of unstable operation in a low-temperature environment, which causes response delay and signal transmission abnormality of the circuit, and even chip failure, seriously affecting the reliability of the gear shifting function of the snowmobile. In order to achieve normal use of the semiconductor chips in a low-temperature environment, the components in the semiconductor chips are required to be very high, and such semiconductor chips are expensive and still cannot guarantee the reliability in an extremely cold environment.
[0030] This solution uses a reverse module consisting of three reverse relays and an R / D converter to achieve forward / reverse control of the reverse motor with a simple circuit connection. Because the reverse relays have a contact mechanical structure and use the most copper wire in their circuit, they can withstand low-temperature and extremely cold environments, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire reverse control module. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a logic diagram of the fuel injection subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0032] Figure 2 This is a logic diagram of the ignition subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0033] Figure 3 This is a logic diagram of the electric starter subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0034] Figure 4 This is a logic diagram of the charging subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0035] Figure 5 This is a logic diagram of the lighting subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0036] Figure 6 This is a logic diagram of the heating control subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0037] Figure 7 This is a logic diagram of the engine cooling subsystem according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0038] Figure 8 This is a logic diagram of the reverse gear subsystem of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0039] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of the reverse gear control module (forward gear state) according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0040] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram (reverse gear state) of the reverse gear control module of Embodiment 2 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:
[0042] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: headlight fuse 10, heating fuse 20, reverse gear fuse 30, and reverse gear control module 40.
[0043] Example 1
[0044] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 8As shown, a vehicle control system for a snowmobile includes a power supply and an ECU. In this embodiment, the power supply is a battery, which connects to a fuel injection subsystem, an ignition subsystem, an electric start subsystem, a charging subsystem, a lighting subsystem, a heating control subsystem, an engine cooling subsystem, and a reverse gear subsystem. Each subsystem has a fuse to ensure independence between them. The battery supplies power to the ECU via diodes and the fuel injection fuse.
[0045] Specifically as follows:
[0046] Combination Figure 1 The fuel injection subsystem controls the fuel injector's fuel injection. The fuel injection subsystem is connected to the ECU. The current passes through the electronic fuel injection relay and the fuel pump relay to the fuel pump. After the ECU receives data from the crankshaft position sensor, throttle position sensor, idle speed stepper motor position sensor, and intake air pressure / temperature sensor, it determines the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injector based on this data.
[0047] Combination Figure 2 The ignition subsystem is used to control the generation of electric sparks. The system includes an electronic fuel injection relay, an ignition coil, and spark plugs connected in sequence. The control terminal of the electronic fuel injection relay is connected to the ECU. The engine crankshaft position sensor transmits position information to the ECU. When the main switch is turned on, the ECU receives the signal from the engine stop switch and then controls the spark plugs to generate electric sparks through the electronic fuel injection relay and the ignition coil.
[0048] Combination Figure 3 The electric starter subsystem is used to start the starter motor. Specifically, the battery supplies power to the main fuse through a diode. The main fuse is then connected to the main switch, which in turn is connected to the brake switch. Only after both the main switch and the brake switch are activated can the starter motor be started by pressing the start button, allowing power to be sent from the battery through the starter relay to the starter motor.
[0049] Combination Figure 4 The charging subsystem is used to charge the battery. The charging subsystem includes a magneto, a rectifier, and a charging fuse. When the engine is running, it drives the magneto to generate alternating current. The alternating current from the magneto passes through the rectifier and the charging fuse before entering the battery for storage.
[0050] Combination Figure 5 The lighting subsystem is used to provide lighting. The lighting subsystem is still powered by the battery through the main fuse and the main switch. The main relay is connected between the main switch and the lighting subsystem. The lighting subsystem is equipped with a headlight fuse, a headlight high / low switch and headlights. After the main switch and the headlight high / low switch are turned on, the battery provides power to the headlights. The status of the headlight high / low switch is displayed on the instrument panel (i.e., the meter in the figure).
[0051] Combination Figure 6The heating control subsystem is used to heat the handlebar heating sleeve. The heating subsystem includes a heating fuse, a heating relay, a handlebar heating switch, and a handlebar sleeve with a heater. The heating fuse is connected to the main switch through the main relay, so that the battery transmits electrical energy through the main switch to the main relay and then to the heating fuse. After the current flows through the heating fuse, the heating relay, and the handlebar heating switch, it supplies power to the handlebar sleeve.
[0052] After the magneto rotor speed reaches the set value, it can provide stable charging for the battery. The set value is the minimum speed of the magneto when the battery is being charged stably. The speed of the magneto is sensed by the sensor and the speed data is transmitted to the ECU. The control terminal of the heating relay is connected to the ECU. The ECU is used to control the circuit of the heating relay connected to the handle heating switch to be turned on after the magneto speed reaches the set value.
[0053] Combination Figure 7 The engine cooling subsystem is used to cool the engine block. The engine block temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor. The monitored block temperature is displayed on the instrument panel and also transmitted to the ECU. The ECU controls the fan in the cooling subsystem to start when the block temperature exceeds the set value, thereby accelerating the cooling speed.
[0054] Combination Figure 8 The reverse gear subsystem controls the forward and reverse gear shifting of the sled. It includes a reverse gear fuse. The reverse gear subsystem is also connected to the main switch via a main relay. It further includes a reverse gear control module with an R / D switch, which is connected to the reverse gear motor. Power to the reverse gear subsystem is supplied from the battery via diodes, the main fuse, the main switch, the main relay, the reverse gear fuse, and the reverse gear control module. This allows the reverse gear motor's output direction to change after the R / D switch is switched. The reverse gear status is displayed on the instrument panel via a forward / reverse gear position sensor.
[0055] In this embodiment, the vehicle control system of the sled has a fuse-equipped subsystem, which ensures that the power system (fuel injection subsystem, ignition subsystem, etc.) and the auxiliary function system (heating subsystem, lighting subsystem, etc.) are set as non-interfering subsystems. This ensures that when a short circuit or other fault occurs in the auxiliary function system, the fuse in the corresponding subsystem will blow, thus not affecting the normal operation of the power system and greatly improving the reliability of the whole vehicle.
[0056] In this embodiment, the ECU intelligently controls the operating timing of the heating relay, ensuring that the handlebar heating subsystem only activates when the engine speed reaches a set value to ensure the battery is in a stable charging state. This effectively avoids the problem of battery depletion caused by insufficient charging and excessive discharge in low-temperature environments. Furthermore, more efficient battery usage also helps extend battery life.
[0057] Example 2
[0058] Example 2 further improves the reverse gear control module based on Example 1, as detailed below:
[0059] Combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 The reverse gear motor is a three-wire reverse gear motor. When the first wire of the reverse gear motor is connected to the positive terminal and the third wire is connected to the negative terminal, the reverse gear motor is in reverse gear mode; when the second wire of the reverse gear motor is connected to the positive terminal and the first wire is connected to the negative terminal, the reverse gear motor is in forward gear mode, as shown in the table below:
[0060]
[0061] The reverse gear control module also includes reverse gear relay one, reverse gear relay two, and reverse gear relay three. The R / D switch is connected to the control circuit of the three reverse gear relays. Referring to the attached figure, in this embodiment, the circuit connected to pins 1 and 2 of the reverse gear relays is the control circuit, and the circuit formed by pins 3, 4, and 5 is the controlled circuit. Among them, pin 3 is the common terminal, pin 4 is the normally open contact, and pin 5 is the normally closed contact.
[0062] The reverse gear relay has four pins. When the R / D switch is turned on, the controlled circuit of the reverse gear relay is connected. One end of the controlled circuit of the reverse gear relay is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the third wire of the reverse gear motor. In this embodiment, the positive terminal of the power supply circuit is the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative terminal of the power supply circuit is the negative terminal of the battery.
[0063] Both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 have 5 pins. When the R / D switch is on, the common terminal of both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 is connected to the normally closed contact. When the R / D switch is off, the common terminal of both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 is connected to the normally open contact.
[0064] The controlled circuits of reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit at one end and to the R / D switch at the other end; the common terminal of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the first wire of the reverse gear motor, the normally open contact of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, and the normally closed contact of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit.
[0065] The common terminal of reverse gear relay three is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit, the normally open contact of reverse gear relay three is connected to the second wire of the reverse gear motor, and the normally closed contact of reverse gear relay three is connected to the controlled circuit of reverse gear relay one.
[0066] Combination Figure 9 In the forward gear state, the R / D switch is not turned on, and the reverse gear relay one is in the controlled circuit disconnected state. In this state, the reverse gear relay one does not work. The current flows from the positive terminal of the power supply circuit through the common terminal of the reverse gear relay three, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay three, and the second wire into the reverse gear motor, and flows out from the first wire of the reverse gear motor. The outflowing current passes through the common terminal of the reverse gear relay two, the normally open contact of the reverse gear relay two, and finally enters the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, forming a loop in the forward gear state.
[0067] Combination Figure 10 When reverse gear is engaged and the R / D switch is turned on, the controlled circuits of reverse gear relays 2 and 3 are connected. The common terminals of reverse gear relays 2 and 3 are connected to normally closed contacts. Reverse gear relay 3 sends the current from the power supply circuit to reverse gear relay 1, thus connecting the control circuit of reverse gear relay 1 and the controlled circuit of reverse gear relay 1. At this time, the current from the positive terminal of the power supply circuit enters the reverse gear motor through the normally closed contact of reverse gear relay 2, the common terminal of reverse gear relay 2, and the first wire, and flows out from the third wire of the reverse gear motor. The outflowing current passes through the controlled circuit of reverse gear relay 1 and finally enters the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, forming a loop in reverse gear mode.
[0068] This embodiment uses a reverse module composed of three reverse relays and an R / D converter to achieve forward / reverse control of the reverse motor with a simple circuit connection. Because the controlled circuit of the reverse relay is a contact mechanical structure, and the reverse relay circuit uses the most copper wire, it can withstand low temperature and extremely cold environments, ensuring the working stability and reliability of the entire reverse control module.
[0069] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A vehicle control system for a sled, comprising a power supply and an ECU, wherein the power supply is connected to a fuel injection subsystem, an ignition subsystem, an electric start subsystem, a charging subsystem, a lighting subsystem, and an engine cooling subsystem, characterized in that: The power supply is also connected to the heating control subsystem, which includes a heating fuse, a heating relay, a handlebar heating switch, and a handlebar grip with a heater. The power supply transmits electrical energy to the heating fuse through the main switch, and the current flows through the heating fuse, heating relay, and handlebar heating switch to power the handlebar grip. The control terminal of the heating relay is connected to the ECU. The ECU is used to control the circuit of the heating relay connected to the handle heating switch to be turned on when the power supply is in a stable charging state.
2. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diode is connected in series with the positive terminal of the power supply to prevent the positive and negative terminals of the power supply from being reversed and burning out other subsystems.
3. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electronic fuel injection fuse and a diode are connected between the power supply and the ECU.
4. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging subsystem includes a magneto, a rectifier, and a charging fuse. When the engine is running, it drives the magneto to generate alternating current. The alternating current from the magneto passes through the rectifier and the charging fuse before entering the power supply for storage.
5. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the magneto rotor speed reaches the set value, it can provide stable charging to the power supply. The set value is the minimum speed of the magneto when the power supply is charging stably. The speed of the magneto is sensed by the sensor and the speed data is transmitted to the ECU. The ECU is used to control the circuit of the heating relay connected to the handle heating switch to be turned on after the magneto speed reaches the set value.
6. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting subsystem includes a headlight fuse, a headlight high / low speed switch, and a headlight connected in sequence. The headlight fuse is used to connect to the main switch.
7. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a reverse gear system, which controls the forward and reverse gear switching of the sled, and the reverse gear system is equipped with a reverse gear fuse.
8. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reverse gear subsystem is connected to the main switch via a main relay, and the heating subsystem is also connected to the main switch via a main relay.
9. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reverse gear subsystem also includes a reverse gear control module containing an R / D switch. The reverse gear control module is connected to the reverse gear motor, and the output direction of the reverse gear motor changes after the R / D switch is switched.
10. The overall control system for a sled according to claim 9, characterized in that: The reverse gear motor is a three-wire reverse gear motor. When the first wire of the reverse gear motor is connected to the positive terminal and the third wire is connected to the negative terminal, the reverse gear motor is in reverse gear mode; when the second wire of the reverse gear motor is connected to the positive terminal and the first wire is connected to the negative terminal, the reverse gear motor is in forward gear mode. The reverse gear control module also includes reverse gear relay one, reverse gear relay two, and reverse gear relay three, and the R / D switch is connected to the control circuit of the three reverse gear relays; The reverse gear relay has 4 pins. When the R / D switch is turned on, the controlled circuit of the reverse gear relay is turned on. One end of the controlled circuit of the reverse gear relay is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, and the other end is connected to the third wire of the reverse gear motor. Both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 have 5 pins. When the R / D switch is on, the common terminal of both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 is connected to the normally closed contact. When the R / D switch is off, the common terminal of both reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 is connected to the normally open contact. The controlled circuits of reverse gear relay 2 and reverse gear relay 3 are connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit at one end and to the R / D switch at the other end; the common terminal of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the first wire of the reverse gear motor, the normally open contact of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply circuit, and the normally closed contact of reverse gear relay 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit. The common terminal of reverse gear relay three is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply circuit, the normally open contact of reverse gear relay three is connected to the second wire of the reverse gear motor, and the normally closed contact of reverse gear relay three is connected to the controlled circuit of reverse gear relay one.