Super capacitor
By designing a combination of housing, cover plate, bushing and moving parts in the supercapacitor, step-by-step pressure relief and power cut-off under high voltage are achieved, solving the explosion risk and electrolyte leakage problem of supercapacitors, and improving safety and service life.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520320657.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing supercapacitors are prone to decomposition and gas generation under high voltage, which can lead to increased internal pressure and pose an explosion risk. Furthermore, existing explosion-proof valve designs have issues with electrolyte leakage and circuit board corrosion.
A supercapacitor was designed, comprising a housing, a cover plate, a bushing, a current collector, and a moving part. The moving part releases pressure and cuts off power in stages under pressure changes to avoid explosion and electrolyte leakage. Insulating and conductive bushings are used to isolate current conduction.
It effectively manages and releases internal gases, prevents explosions, avoids electrolyte leakage and circuit board corrosion, extends service life, and solves the safety hazards and environmental pollution problems of existing designs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223898172U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electronic component technology, and specifically relates to a supercapacitor. Background Technology
[0002] Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that utilize the working principle of electrochemical capacitors to store and release electrical energy. Due to their advantages such as high energy density, long lifespan, and rapid charging and discharging, supercapacitors are widely used in various applications, such as electric vehicles, solar panels, and wind power systems. However, because the electrolyte inside a supercapacitor easily decomposes under high pressure, producing gas, if this gas is not released in time, it may lead to an increase in internal pressure, potentially causing explosions and other safety accidents. Therefore, how to effectively manage and release the internal gas pressure of supercapacitors is one of the key problems that needs to be solved in the field of supercapacitor technology.
[0003] Existing solutions primarily involve creating weak points in the aluminum casing of the supercapacitor. When internal pressure becomes excessive, these weak points rupture first, causing internal pressure leakage and electrolyte outflow. While this method mitigates the risks associated with increased internal pressure to some extent, it also has significant drawbacks. First, it leads to electrolyte leakage, causing environmental pollution, and the leaking electrolyte can corrode circuit boards, causing secondary damage. Second, existing explosion-proof valves are often integrated with the supercapacitor; when electrolyte leaks, the supercapacitor often carries current, posing a danger during replacement and maintenance.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a supercapacitor to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a supercapacitor capable of effectively managing and releasing internal gas. This purpose is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0006] The first aspect of this utility model discloses a supercapacitor, comprising:
[0007] A housing having a first opening, wherein a battery cell is disposed in the first opening;
[0008] The cover plate includes an electrode post and a cover plate body. The cover plate body is connected to the outer periphery of the electrode post. The cover plate is disposed at the opening end of the first opening cavity and the outer periphery of the cover plate body is sealed to the housing. The electrode post has a second opening cavity, the opening end of the second opening cavity is disposed towards the battery cell, and the second opening cavity is connected to the first opening cavity.
[0009] A bushing is disposed in the second opening and the outer wall of the bushing contacts the inner wall of the pole post. The bushing includes an insulating bushing and a conductive bushing arranged along the axial direction of the pole post, and the insulating bushing is disposed away from the opening end of the second opening relative to the conductive bushing.
[0010] The current collector includes a connector that is inserted into the inside of the bushing. The top of the connector is insulated from the electrode post by the insulating bushing, and the bottom of the connector is electrically connected to the battery cell.
[0011] A movable component is sleeved on the insertion portion, with the inner side of the movable component and the outer side of the insertion portion in sealed contact, and the outer side of the movable component and the inner wall of the bushing in sealed contact. The movable component is capable of moving along the axial direction of the pole on the insertion portion, and the movable component is electrically connected to the pole through the conductive bushing. The movable component is also electrically isolated from the pole through the insulating bushing.
[0012] Using the supercapacitor in this technical solution, when the internal gas pressure does not exceed the set value, the moving part contacts the conductive bushing. The current collector collects the current from the battery cell and conducts it to the moving part, then through the moving part to the conductive bushing, then through the conductive bushing to the electrode, and finally through the electrode to the external circuit. As the internal gas pressure of the supercapacitor increases, the moving part gradually moves away from the battery cell under the pressure of the gas. This causes the volume below the moving part to increase, effectively releasing pressure in stages. Simultaneously, the contact area between the moving part and the conductive bushing decreases, while the contact area between the moving part and the insulating bushing increases. Under these conditions, the supercapacitor remains energized and functions normally. When the internal gas pressure continues to increase beyond the set value, the moving part moves to a position where it is no longer in contact with the conductive bushing. At this point, the moving part is insulated from the electrode by the insulating bushing. In this situation, the supercapacitor is de-energized, effectively preventing further increase in internal gas pressure. Therefore, the supercapacitor in this technical solution will not rupture throughout the entire operation, effectively solving the problem of explosions caused by excessive internal pressure in traditional supercapacitors during long-term use; it also solves the problem of electrolyte leakage through the explosion-proof valve when releasing internal pressure and electrolyte, leading to environmental pollution and circuit board corrosion; and it addresses the issue that existing supercapacitors were not designed with extending their lifespan in mind. Furthermore, it resolves the safety hazard of existing supercapacitors continuing to carry current even after the explosion-proof valve ruptures or the supercapacitor fails.
[0013] In addition, the supercapacitor of this invention may also have the following additional technical features:
[0014] In some embodiments of this utility model, an elastic element is sleeved on the plug-in portion, one end of the elastic element is connected to the movable element, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the inner top of the insulating bushing.
[0015] In some embodiments of this utility model, the movable member includes an insulating movable member and a conductive movable member arranged along the height direction of the insertion portion, wherein the insulating movable member is located between the elastic member and the conductive movable member.
[0016] In some embodiments of this utility model, the supercapacitor further includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The first sealing ring is disposed between the outer wall of the insulating moving member and the inner wall of the bushing, and the second sealing ring is disposed between the inner wall of the conductive moving member and the outer wall of the insertion portion.
[0017] In some embodiments of this utility model, the supercapacitor further includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The first sealing ring is disposed between the inner wall of the insulating moving member and the outer wall of the plug-in portion, and the second sealing ring is disposed between the outer wall of the conductive moving member and the inner wall of the bushing.
[0018] In some embodiments of this utility model, a limiting ring is provided at the opening end of the second opening, the limiting ring is connected to the pole post, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the moving part, and the inner side of the limiting ring is used to support the bushing and the moving part.
[0019] In some embodiments of this utility model, the limiting ring and the pole are integrally formed.
[0020] In some embodiments of this utility model, the current collector further includes a current collector disk, which is connected to the end of the plug-in portion facing the battery cell, and the plug-in portion is electrically connected to the battery cell through the current collector disk.
[0021] In some embodiments of this utility model, the inner wall of the bushing, the outer side of the insertion part, and the side of the moving part away from the battery cell form a sealed cavity, and the sealed cavity is configured as a vacuum cavity.
[0022] In some embodiments of this utility model, a sealing element is provided on the outer periphery of the cover plate body, and the connection between the housing and the cover plate body is sealed by the sealing element. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
[0024] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a supercapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (in its initial state) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (during pressure relief) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (in the power-off state) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0028] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0029] 100. Shell; 110. Flanged edge;
[0030] 200, cover plate; 210, pole post; 211, sealing cavity; 220, cover plate body; 221, extension;
[0031] 300. Bushing; 310. Insulating bushing; 320. Conductive bushing;
[0032] 400. Current collector; 410. Connector; 420. Current collector plate;
[0033] 500. Moving parts; 510. Insulated moving parts; 520. Conductive moving parts;
[0034] 600, Elastic element; 700, First sealing ring; 800, Second sealing ring; 900, Sealing element; 910, Sealing gasket; 920, Third sealing ring; 1000, Battery cell; 1100, Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0036] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0037] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.
[0038] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations.
[0039] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a supercapacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (in its initial state) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (during the pressure relief process) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a supercapacitor (in the power-off state) according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model proposes a supercapacitor, including a housing 100, a cover plate 200, a bushing 300, a current collector 400, and a movable component 500; the housing 100 has a first opening, and a cell 1000 is disposed in the first opening; the cover plate 200 includes an electrode post 210 and a cover plate body 220, the cover plate body 220 is connected to the outer periphery of the electrode post 210, the cover plate 200 is disposed at the opening end of the first opening, and the outer periphery of the cover plate body 220 is sealed to the housing 100; the electrode post 210 has a second opening, the opening end of the second opening is disposed facing the cell 1000, and the second opening communicates with the first opening; the bushing 300 is disposed in the second opening, and the outer wall of the bushing 300 contacts the inner wall of the electrode post 210; the bushing 300 includes an insulating bushing 310 arranged along the axial direction of the electrode post 210 and a conductive bushing 310. An electrical bushing 320 is provided, and an insulating bushing 310 is disposed at the opening end of the conductive bushing 320 away from the second opening. A current collector 400 includes a plug-in portion 410, which is inserted into the inside of the bushing 300. The top of the plug-in portion 410 is insulated from the electrode post 210 by the insulating bushing 310, and the bottom of the plug-in portion 410 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1000. A movable member 500 is sleeved on the plug-in portion 410, and the inner side of the movable member 500 is in sealed contact with the outer side of the plug-in portion 410, and the outer side of the movable member 500 is in sealed contact with the inner wall of the bushing 300. The movable member 500 can move along the axial direction of the electrode post 210 on the plug-in portion 410. The movable member 500 can be electrically connected to the electrode post 210 by the conductive bushing 320, and the movable member 500 can be insulated from the electrode post 210 by the insulating bushing 310.
[0041] Using the supercapacitor in this technical solution, when the internal gas pressure does not exceed the set value, the moving part 500 is in contact with the conductive bushing 320. The current collector 400 collects the current from the cell 1000 and conducts it to the moving part 500, then to the conductive bushing 320, and finally to the electrode 210, which transmits the current to the external circuit. When the internal gas pressure of the supercapacitor increases, the moving part 500 gradually moves away from the cell 1000 under the pressure of the gas. This causes the volume below the moving part 500 to increase, which serves as a step-by-step pressure relief. At the same time, the contact area between the moving part 500 and the conductive bushing 320 decreases, while the contact area between the moving part 500 and the insulating bushing 310 increases. Under these conditions, it remains energized and can operate normally. When the internal pressure continues to increase beyond a set value, the moving part 500 moves to a position where it is no longer in contact with the conductive bushing 320. At this point, the moving part 500 is insulated from the electrode post 210 by the insulating bushing 310. Under these conditions, the supercapacitor is de-energized, effectively preventing the internal pressure from continuing to increase. Therefore, the supercapacitor in this technical solution will not rupture throughout the entire operation, effectively solving the problem of explosions caused by excessive internal pressure in traditional supercapacitors during long-term use; it also solves the problem of electrolyte leakage through the explosion-proof valve when releasing internal pressure and electrolyte, leading to environmental pollution and circuit board corrosion; and it addresses the issue that existing supercapacitors are not designed with extending their lifespan in mind. Furthermore, it solves the safety hazard of existing supercapacitors continuing to carry current after the explosion-proof valve ruptures or the supercapacitor fails.
[0042] See Figure 1 and Figure 2Optionally, the housing 100 is an aluminum shell, and its shape is cylindrical. Optionally, the cover plate 200 is a conductive metal, and the cover plate body 220 is generally annular. Further, a sealing element 900 is provided on the outer periphery of the cover plate body 220, and the connection between the housing 100 and the cover plate body 220 is sealed by the sealing element 900. By providing the sealing element 900, the sealing performance between the cover plate body 220 and the housing 100 can be increased, effectively preventing electrolyte leakage. Optionally, the sealing element 900 includes a sealing gasket 910. Exemplarily, the open end of the housing 100 is provided with a flange 110, which extends toward the central axis of the housing 100. The sealing gasket 910 is partially pressed between the outer periphery of the cover plate body 220 and the inner wall of the housing 100, and partially pressed between the end face of the cover plate body 220 and the flange 110. Understandably, the sealing gasket 910 has a large contact area with the cover plate body 220 and the housing 100, thereby effectively increasing the sealing effect. The sealing gasket 910 also has an insulating effect, effectively preventing short circuits caused by direct contact between the housing 100 and the cover plate 200. Optionally, the seal 900 also includes a third sealing ring 920. Exemplarily, the outer periphery of the cover plate body 220 is provided with an extension 221 extending towards the battery cell 1000. The third sealing ring 920 is sleeved on the outside of the extension 221, pressed between the extension 221 and the inner wall of the housing 100, and located below the sealing gasket 910. The third sealing ring 920 further enhances the sealing performance between the cover plate body 220 and the housing 100.
[0043] In some embodiments, the diameter of the housing 100 is 50mm to 70mm, the height is 70mm to 140mm, and the thickness is 0.5mm to 2mm. Exemplarily, the diameter of the housing 100 is 50mm, 52mm, 54mm, 56mm, 58mm, 60mm, 62mm, 64mm, 66mm, 68mm, 70mm, or any value within the above range. The height of the housing 100 is 70mm, 75mm, 80mm, 85mm, 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, 105mm, 110mm, 115mm, 120mm, 125mm, 130mm, 135mm, 140mm, or any value within the above range. The thickness of the housing 100 is 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, or any value within the above range.
[0044] In some embodiments, the diameter of the battery cell 1000 is 45mm to 67mm, and the height is 60mm to 130mm. Exemplarily, the diameter of the battery cell 1000 is 45mm, 50mm, 55mm, 60mm, 65mm, or any value within the above range. The height of the battery cell 1000 is 60mm, 65mm, 70mm, 75mm, 80mm, 85mm, 90mm, 95mm, 100mm, 105mm, 110mm, 115mm, 120mm, 125mm, 130mm, or any value within the above range.
[0045] In some embodiments, the cover plate body 220 is located at the middle position of the pole post 210 along its axial direction. In other embodiments, the cover plate body 220 may also be located at the bottom of the pole post 210 or at other positions. The pole post 210 is used to connect to an external circuit. The total height of the pole post 210 is 20mm to 40mm. Exemplarily, the total height of the pole post 210 can be 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, or any value within the above range. The inner diameter of the pole post 210 can be 10mm to 20mm. Exemplarily, the inner diameter of the pole post 210 can be 10mm, 15mm, 20mm, or any value within the above range.
[0046] Optionally, the insulating bushing 310 includes an insulating top plate and an insulating sleeve connected to each other. The insulating top plate is tightly connected to the top of the pole post 210, and the insulating sleeve is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the pole post 210. Optionally, the thickness of the insulating bushing 310 is 0.5mm to 2mm, and the height of the insulating bushing 310 is 2 / 3 of the height of the second opening. The thickness of the conductive bushing 320 is equal to the thickness of the insulating bushing 310, and the height of the conductive bushing 320 is 1 / 3 of the height of the second opening. The bottom of the conductive bushing 320 is tightly connected to the insulating bushing 310 and is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the pole post 210.
[0047] Furthermore, an elastic element 600 is sleeved on the plug part 410. One end of the elastic element 600 is connected to the movable element 500, and the other end of the elastic element 600 is connected to the inner top of the insulating bushing 310.
[0048] The elastic element 600 provides a downward pushing force to the movable element 500. The movement of the movable element 500 is controlled by the self-restoring force of the elastic element 600 and the gas pressure, allowing the movable element 500 to move smoothly. Simultaneously, when the gas pressure decreases, the restoring force of the elastic element 600 can push the movable element 500 downwards, allowing it to return to its initial position. Optionally, the elastic element 600 can be a compression spring. Optionally, the elastic element 600 can be made of metal or non-metal.
[0049] Further, the movable member 500 includes a conductive movable member 520 and an insulating movable member 510 arranged along the height direction of the insertion portion 410 (i.e., the axial direction of the pole post 210), with the insulating movable member 510 located between the elastic member 600 and the conductive movable member 520. The conductive movable member 520 and the insulating movable member 510 are sleeved on the insertion portion 410, and the inner sides of the conductive movable member 520 and the insulating movable member 510 are in sealed contact with the outer side of the insertion portion 410, and the conductive movable member 520 and the insertion portion 410 are electrically connected. The outer sides of the conductive movable member 520 and the insulating movable member 510 are in sealed contact with the inner wall of the bushing 300, and the conductive movable member 520 and the insulating movable member 510 are movable along the axial direction of the pole post 210 on the insertion portion 410. The conductive movable member 520 is electrically connected to the pole post 210 through the conductive bushing 320, and the conductive movable member 520 is insulated from the pole post 210 through the insulating bushing 310.
[0050] Understandably, the insulating movable member 510 is provided to insulate and isolate the elastic member 600 and the conductive movable member 520. Optionally, the insulating movable member 510 can be made of insulating polymers such as polycarbonate or polyethylene. Optionally, the outer diameter of the insulating movable member 510 is equal to the inner diameter of the bushing 300. Optionally, the thickness of the insulating movable member 510 is 2mm to 3mm; for example, the thickness of the insulating movable member 510 can be 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, or any value within the above range. Optionally, the height of the insulating movable member 510 is 1.5mm to 3mm; for example, the height of the insulating movable member 510 can be 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, or any value within the above range. Optionally, there is a transition fit between the insulating movable member 510 and the insulating bushing 310, and between the insulating movable member 510 and the conductive bushing 320.
[0051] Optionally, the outer diameter of the conductive moving part 520 is equal to the inner diameter of the bushing 300, and the thickness of the conductive moving part 520 is equal to the thickness of the insulating moving part 510. Optionally, the height of the conductive moving part 520 is 4mm to 8mm. For example, the height of the conductive moving part 520 can be 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, or any value within the above range. The conductive moving part 520 and the insulating moving part 510 are tightly connected, and there is a transition fit between the conductive moving part 520 and the insulating bushing 310, as well as between the conductive moving part 520 and the conductive bushing 320.
[0052] In some embodiments, the supercapacitor further includes a first sealing ring 700 and a second sealing ring 800. The first sealing ring 700 is disposed between the outer wall of the insulating movable member 510 and the inner wall of the bushing 300, and the second sealing ring 800 is disposed between the inner wall of the conductive movable member 520 and the outer wall of the insertion portion 410. The first sealing ring 700 and the second sealing ring 800 are used to prevent gas released from the cell 1000 from entering the cavity above the insulating movable member 510. Optionally, the outer wall of the insulating movable member 510 is provided with a first sealing groove, which is used to place the first sealing ring 700, thereby preventing relative movement between the first sealing ring 700 and the insulating movable member 510. Optionally, the number of first sealing grooves can be 2 to 3, the depth of the first sealing groove can be 0.5 mm to 1 mm, the width of the first sealing groove can be 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the spacing between adjacent first sealing grooves can be 0.5 mm. It is understood that the number, depth, width, and spacing between adjacent first sealing grooves can be set according to the usage requirements and are not specifically limited here. Optionally, the first sealing ring 700 is an insulating sealing ring, and its material can be rubber. Optionally, the inner wall of the conductive moving part 520 is provided with a second sealing groove, which is used to place the second sealing ring 800, thereby preventing relative movement between the second sealing ring 800 and the conductive moving part 520. Optionally, the number of second sealing grooves is 2 to 3, the depth of the second sealing groove is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, the width of the second sealing groove is 0.5 mm to 1 mm, and the spacing between adjacent second sealing grooves can be 0.5 mm. It is understood that the number, depth, width, and spacing between adjacent second sealing grooves can be set according to the usage requirements, and are not specifically limited here. Optionally, the material of the second sealing ring 800 can be conductive silicone, which can serve both a sealing function and a conductive function, thereby reducing contact resistance.
[0053] In other embodiments, the supercapacitor includes a first sealing ring 700 and a second sealing ring 800. The first sealing ring 700 is disposed between the inner wall of the insulating movable member 510 and the outer wall of the insertion portion 410, and the second sealing ring 800 is disposed between the outer wall of the conductive movable member 520 and the inner wall of the bushing 300. Accordingly, the inner wall of the insulating movable member 510 is provided with a first sealing groove for placing the first sealing ring 700, and the outer wall of the conductive movable member 520 is provided with a second sealing groove for placing the second sealing ring 800.
[0054] Furthermore, a limiting ring 1100 is provided at the opening end of the second opening, which is connected to the pole post 210. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 1100 is smaller than the outer diameter of the moving member 500, and the inner side of the limiting ring 1100 is used to support the bushing 300 and the moving member 500. Understandably, the limiting ring 1100 serves to support and limit the bushing 300 and the moving member 500. Optionally, the outer diameter of the limiting ring 1100 is equal to the outer diameter of the pole post 210, and the inner diameter of the limiting ring 1100 is 1 mm to 1.5 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the moving member 500. Optionally, the height of the limiting ring 1100 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm. For example, the height of the limiting ring 1100 can be 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, or any value within the above range.
[0055] In some embodiments, the limiting ring 1100 and the pole post 210 are integrally formed. Optionally, the limiting ring 1100 and the pole post 210 can also be connected by welding, such as fusion welding or brazing. Welding is a convenient and reliable method of connection, and can effectively prevent the limiting ring 1100 from falling off the pole post 210.
[0056] Furthermore, the current collector 400 also includes a current collector disk 420, which is connected to the end of the plug-in portion 410 facing the battery cell 1000. The plug-in portion 410 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1000 through the current collector disk 420.
[0057] Optionally, the current collector 420 is generally circular and electrically connected to the end face of the cell 1000. The current collector 420 enables the current to be evenly distributed on the electrode surface, avoiding local overheating or current concentration, and improving the performance and lifespan of the supercapacitor. Optionally, the plug-in portion 410 is cylindrical. The top of the plug-in portion 410 abuts against the top of the insulating bushing 310.
[0058] Furthermore, a sealed cavity 211 is formed by the inner wall of the bushing 300, the outer side of the insertion portion 410, and the side of the moving member 500 facing away from the battery cell 1000. The sealed cavity 211 is configured as a vacuum cavity. Understandably, when the sealed cavity 211 contains gas, it will hinder the upward movement of the moving member 500. By configuring the cavity above the moving member 500 as a vacuum cavity, the moving member 500 can move upward under the impetus of gas.
[0059] See Figures 2 to 4 The working principle of the capacitor in this technical solution is as follows:
[0060] like Figure 2The diagram shows the initial state of the supercapacitor. The restoring force F1 of the elastic element 600 is equal to the gas pressure F2 on the moving element 500 (F1 = F2). The insulating moving element 510 and the conductive moving element 520 maintain a balanced state and are located in the first position. Since F1 and F2 are in opposite directions, the insulating moving element 510 and the conductive moving element 520 are in close contact. When the supercapacitor is in operation, the current collector 420 collects the current from the cell 1000, conducts it through the plug-in part 410 to the conductive moving element 520, conducts it through the conductive moving element 520 to the conductive bushing 320, conducts it through the conductive bushing 320 to the terminal 210, and finally transmits the current to the external circuit through the terminal 210.
[0061] like Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the depressurization state of the supercapacitor (gas pressure F2 increases, but the supercapacitor still functions normally). At the instant the gas pressure F2 increases, the restoring force F1 of the elastic element 600 is less than the gas pressure F2 on the moving element 500 (F1 < F2). At this moment, the conductive moving element 520 and the insulating moving element 510 move upwards under the pressure of the gas. As the contraction of the elastic element 600 increases, the restoring force F1 of the elastic element 600 gradually increases until the insulating moving element 510 and the conductive moving element 520 regain equilibrium and are in the second position. During this process, the conductive moving element 520 is at least partially in contact with the insulating bushing 310, and the supercapacitor still functions normally. Simultaneously, the increased volume below the moving element 500 allows for the containment of more gas, effectively depressurizing and extending the lifespan of the supercapacitor.
[0062] like Figure 4 The diagram shows the supercapacitor in the de-energized state (gas pressure F2 reaches a set value, and the supercapacitor fails). At this time, the restoring force F1 of the elastic element 600 is much smaller than the gas pressure F2 (F1 << F2). The conductive moving element 520 and the insulating moving element 510 move upward under the push of the gas. The insulating moving element 510 and the conductive moving element 520 maintain a balanced state and are located in the third position. At this time, the conductive moving element 520 is in complete contact with the insulating bushing 310, and the supercapacitor is in the de-energized state.
[0063] The following are the test results of the supercapacitor of this technical solution and the conventional supercapacitor:
[0064] Example 1
[0065] The structure of a supercapacitor is as follows Figure 2As shown, the dimensions of the casing 100 are φ60mm (diameter) * 74mm (height), and the thickness of the casing 100 is 1mm. The dimensions of the battery cell 1000 are φ57 * 65mm. After the battery cell 1000 is fully dried, it is filled with electrolyte to obtain a supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are performed. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0066] Example 2
[0067] The structure of a supercapacitor is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the dimensions of the casing 100 are φ60*85mm, and the thickness of the casing 100 is 1mm. The dimensions of the battery cell 1000 are φ57*72mm. After the battery cell 1000 is fully dried, it is filled with electrolyte to obtain a supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are performed. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0068] Example 3
[0069] The structure of a supercapacitor is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the dimensions of the casing 100 are φ60*138mm, and the thickness of the casing 100 is 1mm. The dimensions of the battery cell 1000 are φ57*125mm. After the battery cell 1000 is fully dried, it is filled with electrolyte to obtain a supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are performed. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0070] Comparative Example 1
[0071] The supercapacitor uses a traditional explosion-proof valve, where the shell is partially thinned and the current collector is directly connected to the cover plate. The shell dimensions are φ60*74mm, the shell thickness is 1mm, and the cell dimensions are φ57*65mm. After the cell is fully dried, electrolyte is injected to obtain the supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are performed. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0072] Comparative Example 2
[0073] The supercapacitor uses a traditional explosion-proof valve, where the shell is partially thinned and the current collector is directly connected to the cover plate. The shell dimensions are φ60*85mm, the shell thickness is 1mm, and the cell dimensions are φ57*72mm. After the cell is fully dried, electrolyte is injected to obtain the supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are performed. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0074] Comparative Example 3
[0075] The supercapacitor uses a traditional explosion-proof valve, where the shell is partially thinned and the current collector is directly connected to the cover plate. The shell dimensions are φ60*138mm, the shell thickness is 1mm, and the cell dimensions are φ57*125mm. After the cell is fully dried, electrolyte is injected to obtain the supercapacitor. After aging the assembled supercapacitors, initial performance tests are performed. Ten supercapacitors are selected and charged at a constant voltage of 2.7V at an ambient temperature of 65℃. After 1000h, 1500h, 1700h... under load, visual inspection, weighing, and performance tests are conducted. The test results are shown in the table below.
[0076] Table 1 Test results of the examples and comparative examples
[0077]
[0078]
[0079] As can be seen from the table, the supercapacitor provided by this technical solution will not crack during the entire process from the start of operation to complete failure, and therefore, there will be no problem of electrolyte leakage.
[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A supercapacitor, characterized in that, include: A housing (100) having a first opening, wherein a battery cell (1000) is disposed in the first opening; A cover plate (200) includes a pole post (210) and a cover plate body (220). The cover plate body (220) is connected to the outer periphery of the pole post (210). The cover plate (200) is disposed at the opening end of the first opening cavity and the outer periphery of the cover plate body (220) is sealed to the housing (100). The pole post (210) has a second opening cavity. The opening end of the second opening cavity is disposed facing the battery cell (1000). The second opening cavity and the first opening cavity are in communication. A bushing (300) is disposed in the second opening and the outer wall of the bushing (300) contacts the inner wall of the pole post (210). The bushing (300) includes an insulating bushing (310) and a conductive bushing (320) arranged along the axial direction of the pole post (210), and the insulating bushing (310) is disposed away from the opening end of the second opening relative to the conductive bushing (320). A current collector (400) includes a plug-in portion (410) inserted into the inside of the bushing (300). The top of the plug-in portion (410) is insulated from the terminal post (210) by the insulating bushing (310), and the bottom of the plug-in portion (410) is electrically connected to the battery cell (1000). A movable component (500) is sleeved on the plug-in portion (410), and the inner side of the movable component (500) and the outer side of the plug-in portion (410) are in sealed contact. The outer side of the movable component (500) and the inner wall of the bushing (300) are in sealed contact. The movable component (500) is capable of moving along the axial direction of the pole post (210) on the plug-in portion (410). The movable component (500) is electrically connected to the pole post (210) through the conductive bushing (320). The movable component (500) is insulated from the pole post (210) through the insulating bushing (310).
2. The supercapacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elastic element (600) is sleeved on the plug-in part (410). One end of the elastic element (600) is connected to the movable part (500), and the other end of the elastic element (600) is connected to the inner top of the insulating bushing (310).
3. The supercapacitor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable member (500) includes an insulating movable member (510) and a conductive movable member (520) arranged along the height direction of the plug portion (410), wherein the insulating movable member (510) is located between the elastic member (600) and the conductive movable member (520).
4. The supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supercapacitor also includes a first sealing ring (700) and a second sealing ring (800). The first sealing ring (700) is disposed between the outer wall of the insulating moving part (510) and the inner wall of the bushing (300), and the second sealing ring (800) is disposed between the inner wall of the conductive moving part (520) and the outer wall of the plug-in part (410).
5. The supercapacitor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supercapacitor also includes a first sealing ring (700) and a second sealing ring (800). The first sealing ring (700) is disposed between the inner wall of the insulating moving part (510) and the outer wall of the plug-in part (410), and the second sealing ring (800) is disposed between the outer wall of the conductive moving part (520) and the inner wall of the bushing (300).
6. The supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The second oral cavity has a limiting ring (1100) at its opening end. The limiting ring (1100) is connected to the pole post (210). The inner diameter of the limiting ring (1100) is smaller than the outer diameter of the moving part (500). The inner side of the limiting ring (1100) is used to support the bushing (300) and the moving part (500).
7. The supercapacitor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting ring (1100) and the pole post (210) are integrally formed.
8. The supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The current collector (400) further includes a current collector disk (420), which is connected to one end of the plug-in portion (410) facing the battery cell (1000). The plug-in portion (410) is electrically connected to the battery cell (1000) through the current collector disk (420).
9. The supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the bushing (300), the outer side of the plug-in portion (410), and the side of the moving member (500) away from the battery cell (1000) form a sealed cavity (211), which is configured as a vacuum cavity.
10. The supercapacitor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A sealing element (900) is provided on the outer periphery of the cover plate body (220), and the connection between the housing (100) and the cover plate body (220) is sealed by the sealing element (900).