Active enhanced vapor injection heat pump based on photovoltaic photo-thermal

Abstract

The utility model provides an active enhanced vapor injection heat pump based on photovoltaic and photo-thermal, which comprises a heat pump host module, a solar module and a hydraulic module, and photovoltaic power generation drives the heat pump to do work and generate heat which is used as domestic hot water or heating, so that power is saved to the maximum extent. A flow channel is designed on the back face of the photovoltaic panel, heat is absorbed through circulating water, heat generated by the photovoltaic panel is recycled, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is reduced, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved, and hot water absorbing the heat is accumulated in the energy storage water tank and serves as an external heat source for active enhanced vapor injection to improve the performance of the heat pump. An active enhanced vapor injection device is designed for a heat pump host module, and a refrigerant in an economizer absorbs heat of heat storage hot water and converts the heat into heating capacity, so that the heating capacity and the performance coefficient of the heat pump are greatly improved, and the technical bottleneck that the heat pump cannot be applied in an extremely low-temperature environment is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a solar-air energy composite heat pump system, and more specifically, to an active jet enthalpy-increasing heat pump based on photovoltaic photothermal energy. Background Technology

[0002] Air source heat pumps are heating devices that convert electrical energy and air energy into heat through the work of a compressor, achieving complementarity between electrical energy and air energy to generate heating. However, heating capacity and energy efficiency are severely reduced in low-temperature environments, and they cannot be used in extremely low-temperature environments. The main solutions include using solar energy for heat pumps and jet enthalpy enhancement technology.

[0003] To address the intermittent nature of solar energy and the operating characteristics of heat pumps, combining solar energy with heat pumps to form a combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system allows for multi-energy complementarity. Currently, a common approach is to use solar absorbers as evaporators, absorbing solar energy to increase the evaporation temperature, thereby improving heating capacity and energy efficiency. In terms of application types, this includes direct expansion, indirect expansion, and combined systems, all offering significant energy savings. However, these systems cannot be used for cooling; they are only for heating. To achieve cooling functionality, the system needs to be designed with two evaporators, one of which is a finned evaporator used for cooling.

[0004] With the development of photovoltaic technology, PVT (Photovoltaic-Thermal Integration) technology has been applied. PVT consists of two parts: photovoltaic modules and heat dissipation components. The photovoltaic modules convert solar energy into electrical energy. Channels are laid on the back of the photovoltaic cells to remove heat through air or water. In addition to photovoltaic power generation, waste heat generated by the photovoltaic panels is simultaneously recovered, achieving combined heat and power (CHP). This technology not only improves the efficiency of solar energy utilization but also reduces the temperature of the photovoltaic panels, thereby increasing power generation efficiency and extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic panels.

[0005] To improve heat pump performance, the most common approach is currently vapor injection enthalpy enhancement technology, which has been commercialized due to its simple structure and low cost. However, conventional vapor injection enthalpy enhancement has significant drawbacks: the heat from the injected refrigerant comes from the heat pump itself, making it a passive vapor injection enthalpy enhancement process. The enthalpy difference generated during the vapor injection process cannot be converted into heat generation, preventing the achievement of more complementary energy sources. Consequently, the performance improvement of the heat pump is limited, and it cannot be used in extremely low temperature environments below -20°C. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects, this utility model proposes an active jet enthalpy-enhancing heat pump based on photovoltaic photothermal power generation. Solar power generation drives the heat pump to do work and generate heat. The heat generated by photovoltaic power generation is absorbed through water circulation to reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The hot water that has absorbed the heat is stored in an energy storage tank as an external heat source for active jet enthalpy enhancement, thereby improving the performance of the heat pump.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] The photovoltaic-thermal active vapor injection enthalpy-increasing heat pump includes a heat pump main unit module, a solar energy module, and a hydraulic module. The heat pump main unit module includes a variable frequency compressor, an oil separator, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an economizer for active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement, and a subcooled electronic expansion valve. The solar energy storage module includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a hot water storage tank. The back of the solar photovoltaic panel is designed with a heat exchange channel, and the solar photovoltaic panel is used to power the variable frequency compressor.

[0009] The discharge pipe of the variable frequency compressor is connected to the d pipe of the four-way valve via an oil separator. The e pipe of the four-way valve is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger. The c pipe of the four-way valve is connected to the gas pipe of the hydraulic module. The s pipe of the four-way valve is connected to the inlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator. The outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the return gas pipe of the variable frequency compressor. The other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected to the main liquid pipe.

[0010] The active jet enthalpy booster is connected to an active jet branch inlet pipe, an active jet branch outlet pipe, an active jet water inlet pipe, and an active jet water outlet pipe. The active jet branch inlet pipe is connected to the main liquid pipe, and the active jet branch outlet pipe is connected to the intermediate pressure chamber pipe of the variable frequency compressor. The active jet water inlet pipe and the active jet water outlet pipe are respectively connected to the outlet and return water inlet of the hot water storage tank. A hot water storage inlet pipe and a hot water storage return pipe are connected between the hot water storage tank and the heat exchange channel of the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0011] Furthermore: the heat pump main unit module includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid pipe shut-off valve, and a gas pipe shut-off valve. The liquid pipe shut-off valve and the gas pipe shut-off valve are used to connect to the hydraulic module. The gas pipe shut-off valve is connected to pipe C of the four-way valve. The outlet pipe of the liquid pipe shut-off valve is connected to the inlet pipe of the liquid storage tank. The outlet pipe of the liquid storage tank is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0012] The hydraulic module includes a condenser, a buffer tank, and a heating water pump. The gas pipe shut-off valve is connected to the gas pipe of the condenser, the liquid pipe shut-off valve is connected to the liquid pipe of the condenser, the heating water pump is connected to the outlet pipe of the condenser, and the buffer tank is connected to the inlet pipe of the condenser.

[0013] Furthermore, the hot water storage tank is connected to a water supply valve and a water drain valve. The water drain valve is used to discharge hot water when the heat pump main unit module is operating in cooling mode and the water temperature in the hot water storage tank exceeds the limit. The water supply valve is used to replenish water into the hot water storage tank.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature detection module, which comprises an outdoor ambient temperature sensor, an exhaust temperature sensor, an intake temperature sensor, a coil temperature sensor on the outdoor heat exchanger, a liquid pipe temperature sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, and an active vapor injection enthalpy temperature detection component.

[0015] The outdoor ambient temperature sensor is used to detect the outdoor ambient temperature T. ao The exhaust temperature sensor is used to detect the exhaust temperature T. d The inhalation temperature sensor is used to detect the inhalation temperature T. s The coil temperature sensor is used to detect the coil temperature T. def The liquid pipe temperature sensor is used to detect the liquid pipe temperature T. liq The water tank temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature T of the hot water storage tank. tank .

[0016] Furthermore: the active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement temperature detection component includes a vapor injection enthalpy enhancement inlet water temperature sensor, a vapor injection enthalpy enhancement outlet water temperature sensor, a refrigerant injection inlet pipe temperature sensor, and a refrigerant injection outlet pipe temperature sensor.

[0017] The refrigerant injection inlet temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature T of the active vapor injection enthalpy-enhancing refrigerant. inj,in The refrigerant injection outlet temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet temperature T of the active vapor injection enthalpy-enhancing refrigerant. inj,out The jet enthalpy inlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature T on the active jet enthalpy heat source side. w-inj,in The jet enthalpy effluent temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet temperature T on the side of the active jet enthalpy heat source. w-inj,out .

[0018] Furthermore: the hydraulic module includes an inlet water temperature sensor and an outlet water temperature sensor, wherein the inlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet water temperature T of the condenser. w,in The outlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet water temperature T of the condenser. w,out .

[0019] The main technical effects of this utility model are reflected in the following aspects:

[0020] Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels convert solar energy into electrical energy. This PV power drives a heat pump to generate heat, which is then used for domestic hot water or heating, maximizing energy savings. A flow channel is designed on the back of the PV panel, allowing circulating water to absorb heat and recover the heat generated by the PV panel, reducing its temperature and improving PV power generation efficiency. The heat-absorbing hot water is stored in an energy storage tank, serving as an external heat source for active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement, further improving heat pump performance. For the heat pump subsystem, an active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement device is designed. The refrigerant in the economizer absorbs heat from the stored hot water and converts it into heating capacity, significantly improving the heat pump's heating capacity and coefficient of performance (COP), overcoming the technical bottleneck of heat pumps' inability to operate in extremely low-temperature environments. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 : System schematic diagram of an active jet enthalpy-enhancing heat pump based on photovoltaic thermal energy;

[0022] Figure 2 : Flow diagram of a conventional heat pump system based on a photovoltaic-thermal active jet enthalpy-increasing heat pump.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Variable frequency compressor; 2. High pressure sensor; 3. Oil separator; 4. Four-way valve; 5. Outdoor heat exchanger; 6. Main electronic expansion valve; 7. Liquid storage tank; 8. Liquid pipe shut-off valve; 9. Gas pipe shut-off valve; 10. Gas-liquid separator; 11. Subcooled electronic expansion valve; 12. Active jet enthalpy booster economizer; 13. Active jet branch inlet pipe; 14. Active jet branch outlet pipe; 21. Solar photovoltaic panel; 22. Solar hot water pump; 31. Hot water storage tank; 32. Jet enthalpy booster hot water pump; 33. Active jet inlet pipe; 34. Active jet outlet pipe; 35. Water supply valve; 36. Drain valve; 41. Condenser; 42. Heating water pump; 43. Buffer tank. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the technical solution of this utility model can be more easily understood and mastered.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the active vapor injection enthalpy-increasing heat pump based on photovoltaic thermal energy includes a heat pump main unit module, a solar energy module, and a hydraulic module. The heat pump main unit module includes a variable frequency compressor 1, an oil separator 3, a four-way valve 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, a main electronic magnetic expansion valve 6, an economizer for active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement, and a subcooled electronic expansion valve 11. The solar thermal storage module includes a solar photovoltaic panel 21 and a hot water storage tank 31. The back of the solar photovoltaic panel 21 is designed with a heat exchange channel, and the solar photovoltaic panel 21 is used to supply power to the variable frequency compressor 1.

[0028] The exhaust pipe of the variable frequency compressor 1 is connected to the d pipe of the four-way valve 4 via the oil separator 3. The e pipe of the four-way valve 4 is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 5. The c pipe of the four-way valve 4 is connected to the gas pipe of the hydraulic module. The s pipe of the four-way valve 4 is connected to the inlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator 10. The outlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator 10 is connected to the return gas pipe of the variable frequency compressor 1. The other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is connected to the main liquid pipe.

[0029] The active jet enthalpy booster economizer 12 is connected to an active jet branch inlet pipe 13, an active jet branch outlet pipe 14, an active jet water inlet pipe 33, and an active jet water outlet pipe 34. The active jet branch inlet pipe 13 is connected to the main liquid pipe, and the active jet branch outlet pipe 14 is connected to the intermediate pressure chamber connector of the variable frequency compressor 1. The active jet water inlet pipe 33 and the active jet water outlet pipe 34 are respectively connected to the outlet and return port of the hot water storage tank 31. A jet enthalpy booster hot water pump 32 is installed on the active jet water inlet pipe 33. A hot water storage inlet pipe and a hot water storage return pipe are connected between the hot water storage tank 31 and the heat exchange channel of the solar photovoltaic panel 21. A solar hot water pump 22 is installed on the hot water storage return pipe to pump cooling water between the hot water storage tank 31 and the cooling channel behind the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0030] Furthermore: the heat pump main unit module includes a liquid storage tank 7, a liquid pipe shut-off valve 8, and a gas pipe shut-off valve 9. The liquid pipe shut-off valve 8 and the gas pipe shut-off valve 9 are used to connect to the hydraulic module. The gas pipe shut-off valve 9 is connected to the c-pipe of the four-way valve 4. The outlet pipe of the liquid pipe shut-off valve 8 is connected to the inlet pipe of the liquid storage tank 7. The outlet pipe of the liquid storage tank 7 is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 5.

[0031] The hydraulic module includes a condenser 41, a buffer tank 43, and a heating water pump 42. The gas pipe shut-off valve 9 is connected to the gas pipe of the condenser 41, the liquid pipe shut-off valve 8 is connected to the liquid pipe of the condenser 41, the heating water pump 42 is connected to the outlet pipe of the condenser 41, and the buffer tank 43 is connected to the inlet pipe of the condenser 41.

[0032] Furthermore, the hot water storage tank 31 is connected to a water inlet valve 35 and a water outlet valve 36. The water outlet valve 36 is used to discharge hot water when the heat pump main module is operating in cooling mode and the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 31 exceeds the limit. The water inlet valve 35 is used to replenish water into the hot water storage tank 31. When the heat pump main module of the heat pump system is operating in cooling mode, or when the active jet enthalpy booster is not activated, if the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 31 is too high and the cooling effect is poor, the hot water must be drained through the water outlet valve 36 and replenished through the water inlet valve 35.

[0033] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature detection module, which comprises an outdoor ambient temperature sensor, an exhaust temperature sensor, an intake temperature sensor, a coil temperature sensor on the outdoor heat exchanger 5, a liquid pipe temperature sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, and an active vapor injection enthalpy temperature detection component. The outdoor ambient temperature sensor is used to detect the outdoor ambient temperature T. ao The exhaust temperature sensor is used to detect the exhaust temperature T. d The inhalation temperature sensor is used to detect the inhalation temperature T. s The coil temperature sensor is used to detect the coil temperature T. def The liquid pipe temperature sensor is used to detect the liquid pipe temperature T. liq The water tank temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature T of the hot water storage tank 31. tank .

[0034] Furthermore: the active vapor injection enthalpy enhancement temperature detection component includes a vapor injection enthalpy enhancement inlet water temperature sensor, a vapor injection enthalpy enhancement outlet water temperature sensor, a refrigerant injection inlet pipe temperature sensor, and a refrigerant injection outlet pipe temperature sensor.

[0035] The refrigerant injection inlet temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature T of the active vapor injection enthalpy-enhancing refrigerant. inj,in The refrigerant injection outlet temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet temperature T of the active vapor injection enthalpy-enhancing refrigerant. inj,out The jet enthalpy inlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet temperature T on the active jet enthalpy heat source side. w-inj,in The jet enthalpy effluent temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet temperature T on the side of the active jet enthalpy heat source. w-inj,out .

[0036] Furthermore: the hydraulic module includes an inlet water temperature sensor and an outlet water temperature sensor, wherein the inlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the inlet water temperature T of the condenser. w,in The outlet water temperature sensor is used to detect the outlet water temperature T of the condenser. w,out .

[0037] When the subcooled electronic expansion valve is closed, the active vapor jet enthalpy economizer does not operate; this system is a conventional heat pump. Please refer to the system flow diagram. Figure 2 The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the variable frequency compressor 1 passes through the oil separator 3, the d-pipe of the four-way valve 4, the c-pipe of the four-way valve 4, and the gas pipe shut-off valve 9 before entering the hydraulic module for heat exchange. After releasing heat, the refrigerant passes through the liquid pipe shut-off valve 8 and the liquid storage tank 7, then through the main electronic expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the e-pipe of the four-way valve 4, the s-pipe of the four-way valve 4, and the gas-liquid separator 10 before returning to the variable frequency compressor 1.

[0038] When the subcooled electronic expansion valve opens to a certain degree, the active vapor injection enthalpy enhancer economizer engages. Please refer to the system flow diagram. Figure 1 The high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the variable frequency compressor 1 passes through the oil separator 3, the d-pipe of the four-way valve 4, the c-pipe of the four-way valve 4, and the gas pipe shut-off valve 9 before entering the hydraulic module for heat exchange. After releasing heat, the refrigerant passes through the liquid pipe shut-off valve 8 and the liquid storage tank 7. Part of the refrigerant flows through the main liquid pipe: through the main electronic expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 5, the e-pipe of the four-way valve 4, the s-pipe of the four-way valve 4, and the gas-liquid separator 10 before returning to the variable frequency compressor 1. The other part of the refrigerant is throttled by the subcooled electronic expansion valve 11 and enters the active jet enthalpy booster economizer 12 through the active jet branch inlet pipe 13. After exchanging heat with the hot water in the hot water storage tank, it returns to the variable frequency compressor 1 through the active jet branch outlet pipe 14.

[0039] Of course, the above are just typical examples of this utility model. In addition, this utility model may have many other specific implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. Active jet-propelled exergy-boosting heat pump based on photovoltaic photothermal, characterized in that: The application relates to a heat pump main module, a solar module and a hydraulic module, wherein the heat pump main module comprises a variable frequency compressor (1), an oil separator (3), a four-way valve (4), an outdoor heat exchanger (5), an active jet augmenting economizer and a supercooling electronic expansion valve (11); the solar heat storage module comprises a solar photovoltaic panel (21) and a heat storage water tank (31), the back surface of the solar photovoltaic panel (21) is designed with a heat exchange flow channel, and the solar photovoltaic panel (21) is used for supplying power to the variable frequency compressor (1). An exhaust pipe of the variable frequency compressor (1) is connected to a d pipe of the four-way valve (4) through the oil separator (3), an e pipe of the four-way valve (4) is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger (5), a c pipe of the four-way valve (4) is connected to an air pipe of the hydraulic module, an s pipe of the four-way valve (4) is connected to an inlet pipe of an air-liquid separator (10), an outlet pipe of the air-liquid separator (10) is connected to a back air pipe of the variable frequency compressor (1), and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger (5) is connected to a main liquid pipe. The active jet augmenting economizer (12) is connected with an active jet branch inlet pipe (13), an active jet branch outlet pipe (14), an active jet water inlet pipe (33) and an active jet water outlet pipe (34), wherein the active jet branch inlet pipe (13) is communicated with the main liquid pipe, the active jet branch outlet pipe (14) is connected to an intermediate pressure cavity connecting pipe of the variable frequency compressor (1), the active jet water inlet pipe (33) and the active jet water outlet pipe (34) are respectively connected to a water outlet and a backwater outlet of the heat storage water tank (31), and a heat storage hot water inlet pipe and a heat storage hot water backwater pipe are connected between the heat storage water tank (31) and the heat exchange flow channel of the solar photovoltaic panel (21).

2. The photovoltaic-photothermal based active ejection heat boost pump according to claim 1, wherein: The heat pump main module comprises a liquid storage tank (7), a liquid pipe stop valve (8) and an air pipe stop valve (9), the liquid pipe stop valve (8) and the air pipe stop valve (9) are used for connecting the hydraulic module, the air pipe stop valve (9) is connected to the c pipe of the four-way valve (4), an outlet pipe of the liquid pipe stop valve (8) is connected to an inlet pipe of the liquid storage tank (7), and an outlet pipe of the liquid storage tank (7) is connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger (5), The hydraulic module comprises a condenser (41), a buffer tank (43) and a heating water pump (42), wherein the air pipe stop valve (9) is connected to an air pipe of the condenser (41), the liquid pipe stop valve (8) is connected to a liquid pipe of the condenser (41), the heating water pump (42) is connected to a water outlet pipe of the condenser (41), and the buffer tank (43) is connected to a water inlet pipe of the condenser (41).

3. The photovoltaic-thermodynamic active air augmented heat pump according to claim 1, wherein: The heat storage water tank (31) is connected with a water supplement valve (35) and a water drainage valve (36), the water drainage valve (36) is used for draining hot water when the heat pump main module is in refrigeration operation and the water temperature in the heat storage water tank (31) exceeds a limit, and the water supplement valve (35) is used for supplementing water into the heat storage water tank (31).

4. The photovoltaic-thermodynamic active air augmented heat pump according to claim 1, wherein: Also include temperature detection module, the temperature detection module includes outdoor environment temperature sensor, exhaust temperature sensor, suction temperature sensor, coil temperature sensor on outdoor heat exchanger, liquid pipe temperature sensor, water tank temperature sensor and active jet augmenting temperature detection component, The outdoor ambient temperature sensor detects an outdoor ambient temperature T ao The exhaust temperature sensor detects an exhaust temperature T d The intake temperature sensor detects an intake temperature T s The coil temperature sensor detects a coil temperature T def The liquid pipe temperature sensor detects a liquid pipe temperature T liq The water tank temperature sensor detects a temperature T of a heat storage water tank tank .

5. The photovoltaic-thermodynamic active air augmented heat pump according to claim 4, wherein: The active jet augmenting temperature detection component includes jet augmenting water inlet temperature sensor, jet augmenting water outlet temperature sensor, refrigerant injection inlet pipe temperature sensor, refrigerant injection outlet pipe temperature sensor, The refrigerant injection inlet pipe temperature sensor is used to detect the active ejection enthalpy-increasing refrigerant inlet temperature T inj,in The refrigerant injection outlet pipe temperature sensor is used to detect the active ejection enthalpy-increasing refrigerant outlet temperature T inj,out The ejection enthalpy-increasing water inlet temperature sensor is used to detect the active ejection enthalpy-increasing heat source side inlet temperature T w-inj,in The ejection enthalpy-increasing water outlet temperature sensor is used to detect the active ejection enthalpy-increasing heat source side outlet temperature T w-inj,out .

6. The photovoltaic-thermodynamic active air augmented heat pump according to claim 4, wherein: The water power module comprises a water inlet temperature sensor and a water outlet temperature sensor, the water inlet temperature sensor is used for detecting the water inlet temperature T w,in of the condenser w,out , and the water outlet temperature sensor is used for detecting the water outlet temperature T w,out of the condenser.

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