Fan speed regulation circuit and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a fan speed regulation circuit and an energy storage system. The fan speed regulation circuit comprises a voltage stabilization module, a first voltage division module, a first switch module, a second voltage division module and a first comparison module. The first end of the voltage stabilizing module is connected with an input power supply. The first end of the first voltage dividing module is connected with the second end of the voltage stabilizing module. The first end and the second end of the first switch module are respectively connected with an input power supply and the power supply end of the fan. The first end of the second voltage-dividing module is connected with the power supply end of the fan; the first input end of the first comparison module, the second input end of the first comparison module and the output end of the first comparison module are respectively connected with the second end of the first voltage division module, the second end of the second voltage division module and the third end of the first switch module. The environment temperature is fed back in real time through the first partial pressure signal, and the fan rotating speed can be dynamically adjusted based on the actual temperature of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fan control circuit technology, specifically to a fan speed regulation circuit and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of energy storage systems, heat dissipation has become an increasingly prominent issue, especially during high-power charging and discharging processes. The internal temperature of the energy storage system rises rapidly, and if heat cannot be dissipated in time, it can lead to performance degradation or even damage. Currently, energy storage systems often employ air cooling. By setting a temperature threshold, when the internal temperature exceeds the threshold, the fan is triggered to cool the system at a fixed speed. This fixed-speed method cannot dynamically adjust the fan speed according to the actual temperature of the energy storage system. In practical applications, the fixed speed may be far higher than the actual cooling requirements, resulting in wasted energy. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a fan speed control circuit and an energy storage system to dynamically adjust the fan speed based on the actual temperature of the energy storage system.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a fan speed control circuit, which includes: a voltage regulator module, a first voltage divider module, a first switching module, a second voltage divider module, and a first comparator module. The voltage regulator module has a first terminal connected to an input power supply. The first voltage divider module has a first terminal connected to a second terminal of the voltage regulator module. The first switching module has a first terminal and a second terminal connected to the input power supply and the power supply terminal of the fan, respectively. The first terminal of the second voltage divider module is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan; the first input terminal, the second input terminal, and the output terminal of the first comparator module are respectively connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider module, the second terminal of the second voltage divider module, and the third terminal of the first switching module. The voltage regulator module is configured to provide a first voltage to the first voltage divider module based on the input power supply; the first voltage divider module is configured to output a first voltage divider signal to the first comparison module based on the first voltage, the magnitude of the first voltage divider signal being a monotonically increasing function of the ambient temperature; the second voltage divider module is configured to output a second voltage divider signal to the first comparison module based on the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan; the first comparison module is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module based on the first voltage divider signal and the second voltage divider signal; the first switch module is configured to turn on or off based on the control signal to control the magnitude of the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan, thereby adjusting the fan speed.

[0005] In one or more embodiments, the fan speed control circuit further includes: a third voltage divider module and a second comparator module. A first terminal of the third voltage divider module is connected to a second terminal of the voltage regulator module, a second terminal of the third voltage divider module is connected to a first input terminal of the second comparator module, and a second terminal of the first voltage divider module is connected to a second input terminal of the second comparator module. The third voltage divider module is configured to output a third voltage divider signal to the second comparator module based on the first voltage. The second comparator module is configured to output an over-temperature signal based on the first voltage divider signal and the third voltage divider signal.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the fan speed control circuit further includes a second switching module. A first terminal of the second switching module is connected to the input power supply, a second terminal of the second switching module is connected to the first terminal of the first switching module, and a third terminal of the second switching module is connected to the output terminal of the second comparison module. The second switching module is configured to shut down based on the over-temperature signal.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the voltage regulator module includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a controllable voltage regulator. A first terminal of the first resistor is connected to the input power supply; a second terminal of the first resistor is connected to a first terminal of the second resistor, a first terminal of the controllable voltage regulator, and a first terminal of the first voltage divider module; a second terminal of the second resistor is connected to a first terminal of the third resistor and a second terminal of the controllable voltage regulator; and both the second terminal of the third resistor and the third terminal of the controllable voltage regulator are grounded.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the first voltage divider module includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, a first voltage divider resistor, and a second voltage divider resistor. A first terminal of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to a second terminal of the voltage regulator module, a second terminal of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to a first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor, a second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor is connected to a first input terminal of the first comparator module and a first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor, and a second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the second voltage divider module includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor. A first terminal of the third voltage divider resistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan, a second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor is connected to the first terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor and the second input terminal of the first comparator module, and the second terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the first switching module includes a first switching transistor, a Zener diode, and a fourth resistor. A first terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to a first terminal of the voltage regulator module and the input power supply; a second terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan and a first terminal of the second voltage divider module; a third terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode; the anode of the Zener diode is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor; and a second terminal of the fourth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator module.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the third voltage divider module includes a fifth voltage divider resistor and a sixth voltage divider resistor. The first terminal of the fifth voltage divider resistor is connected to the second terminal of the voltage regulator module, the second terminal of the fifth voltage divider resistor is connected to the first input terminal of the second comparator module and the first terminal of the sixth voltage divider resistor, and the second terminal of the sixth voltage divider resistor is grounded.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the second comparison module includes a first comparator, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fifth resistor. The anode of the first diode is connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider module, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator and the first terminal of the fifth resistor, the inverting input terminal of the second comparator is connected to the second terminal of the third voltage divider module, the output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the anodes of the second and third diodes, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor, and the cathode of the third diode is used to output the over-temperature signal.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an energy storage system, which includes a fan and a fan speed control circuit as described in any of the first aspects. The fan speed control circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application embodiment are as follows: This application embodiment provides a fan speed control circuit and an energy storage system. The fan speed control circuit includes: a voltage regulator module, a first voltage divider module, a first switching module, a second voltage divider module, and a first comparator module. The first terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to an input power supply. The first terminal of the first voltage divider module is connected to the second terminal of the voltage regulator module. The first and second terminals of the first switching module are respectively connected to the input power supply and the power supply terminal of the fan. The first terminal of the second voltage divider module is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan; the first input terminal, the second input terminal, and the output terminal of the first comparator module are respectively connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider module, the second terminal of the second voltage divider module, and the third terminal of the first switching module. The system comprises the following components: a voltage regulator module is configured to provide a first voltage to a first voltage divider module based on the input power supply; the first voltage divider module is configured to output a first voltage divider signal to a first comparator module based on the first voltage, the magnitude of which is monotonically increasing with the ambient temperature; a second voltage divider module is configured to output a second voltage divider signal to the first comparator module based on the voltage at the fan's power supply terminal; the first comparator module is configured to output a control signal to a first switch module based on the first and second voltage divider signals; and the first switch module is configured to turn on or off based on the control signal to control the magnitude of the voltage at the fan's power supply terminal, thereby adjusting the fan speed. By providing real-time feedback of the ambient temperature through the first voltage divider signal, the fan speed is matched to the ambient temperature, enabling dynamic adjustment of the fan speed according to the actual temperature of the energy storage system, thus making the fan speed control circuit more suitable for actual heat dissipation requirements during application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0016] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a fan speed control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of another fan speed control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of another fan speed control circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a fan speed control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of another fan speed control circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "electrically connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "bottom," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Furthermore, technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a fan speed control circuit, see reference. Figure 1 The fan speed control circuit 100 includes: a voltage regulator module 10, a first voltage divider module 20, a first switch module 30, a second voltage divider module 40, and a first comparator module 50.

[0024] The first terminal of the voltage regulator module 10 is connected to the input power supply 200. The first terminal of the first voltage divider module 20 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage regulator module 10. The first terminal of the first switch module 30 is connected to the input power supply 200, and the second terminal of the first switch module 30 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan 300. The first terminal of the second voltage divider module 40 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan 300. The first input terminal of the first comparator module 50 is connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider module 20, the second input terminal of the first comparator module 50 is connected to the second terminal of the second voltage divider module 40, and the output terminal of the first comparator module 50 is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module 30.

[0025] The voltage regulator module 10 is configured to provide a first voltage to the first voltage divider module 20 based on the input power supply 200. The first voltage divider module 20 is configured to output a first voltage divider signal to the first comparator module 50 based on the first voltage, the magnitude of which is monotonically increasing with the ambient temperature. The second voltage divider module 40 is configured to output a second voltage divider signal to the first comparator module 50 based on the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300. The first comparator module 50 is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module 30 based on the first and second voltage divider signals. The first switch module 30 is configured to turn on or off based on the control signal to control the magnitude of the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300, thereby adjusting the speed of the fan 300.

[0026] Input power 200 refers to a DC power source that provides electrical energy to fan 300, and can be a battery or an adapter. A battery is a device for storing energy, which may include one cell or at least two cells connected in series and / or parallel. An adapter is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) output.

[0027] A fan 300 is a device that generates airflow by rotating blades to dissipate heat from equipment, such as energy storage systems. The speed of a fan 300 is generally proportional to the voltage at its power supply terminal; that is, the higher the voltage at the power supply terminal, the faster the fan 300 rotates, and the lower the voltage at the power supply terminal, the slower the fan 300 rotates.

[0028] Ambient temperature refers to the internal operating temperature of the equipment during operation. For example, if the fan speed control circuit 100 is applied to an energy storage system, then the ambient temperature refers to the operating temperature of the battery cells in the battery module inside the energy storage system.

[0029] The voltage regulator module 10 refers to a module that can output a stable first voltage based on the voltage of the input power supply 200, and the voltage of the first voltage can be stabilized at a preset voltage value.

[0030] The first voltage divider module 20 refers to a module composed of a resistor network or other voltage divider circuit, used to divide the first voltage and output a first voltage divider signal that is related to the ambient temperature. Specifically, the higher the ambient temperature, the larger the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal; the lower the ambient temperature, the smaller the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal.

[0031] The second voltage divider module 40 refers to a module composed of a resistor network or other voltage divider circuits, used to divide the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300 and output a second voltage divider signal.

[0032] The first comparison module 50 refers to a comparator that outputs a control signal based on the voltage values ​​of the first voltage divider signal and the second voltage divider signal. Specifically, the control signal includes a first control sub-signal and a second control sub-signal. When the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is greater than the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal, the first comparison module 50 outputs the first control sub-signal; when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is less than the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal, the first comparison module 50 outputs the second control sub-signal.

[0033] The first switch module 30 refers to a switching device that can be turned on or off based on a control signal. Specifically, the first switch module 30 is turned on when it receives a first control sub-signal and turned off when it receives a second control sub-signal.

[0034] When the fan speed control circuit 100 is connected to the input power supply 200 and the fan 300 respectively, the voltage regulator module 10 outputs a stable first voltage to the first voltage divider module 20, and the first voltage divider module 20 outputs a first voltage divider signal of different magnitudes based on the ambient temperature. At the moment of power-on, the first switch module 30 is in the off state, and the second voltage divider signal is 0V, that is, the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal is less than the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal. The first comparison module 50 outputs the first control sub-signal to the first switch module 30, and the first switch module 30 is turned on. The path between the input power supply 200, the first switch module 30 and the power supply terminal of the fan 300 is turned on. At this time, the voltage of the power supply terminal of the fan 300 is equal to the voltage of the input power supply 200, so that the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal will be greater than the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal. The first comparison module 50 outputs the second control sub-signal to the first switch module 30, and the first switch module 30 is turned off. The path between the input power supply 200, the first switch module 30 and the power supply terminal of the fan 300 is turned off. This process is repeated to stabilize the voltage of the power supply terminal of the fan 300 at a certain voltage value.

[0035] In the initial stage when the fan speed control circuit 100 is connected to the input power supply 200, the ambient temperature is low, and the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is relatively low, resulting in a relatively low power supply voltage for the fan 300. At this time, the fan 300 rotates slowly due to the low power supply voltage, and its heat dissipation capacity is small. When the ambient temperature rises, such as when the system is working at full load, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal rises, resulting in an increase in the power supply voltage for the fan 300, and the fan 300 rotates faster due to the increased power supply voltage. When the ambient temperature drops, such as when the system reduces its load, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal decreases, resulting in a decrease in the power supply voltage for the fan 300, and the fan 300 rotates slower due to the decreased power supply voltage.

[0036] As can be seen, in this fan speed control circuit 100, the speed of fan 300 changes with the supply voltage, and the supply voltage of fan 300 also changes with the ambient temperature. This allows the fan speed to match the ambient temperature, enabling the fan speed to be adjusted according to the actual temperature of the energy storage system. This avoids the shortcomings of using a fixed speed to control fan cooling, making the fan speed control circuit more suitable for actual heat dissipation needs during application, expanding applicability, and improving user experience. Furthermore, this application achieves fan speed adjustment through the aforementioned hardware circuit, eliminating the need for software logic implementation, thus reducing system cost and complexity.

[0037] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 2 The fan speed control circuit 100 further includes a third voltage divider module 60 and a second comparison module 70. The first terminal of the third voltage divider module 60 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage regulator module 10, the second terminal of the third voltage divider module 60 is connected to the first input terminal of the second comparison module 70, and the second terminal of the first voltage divider module 20 is connected to the second input terminal of the second comparison module 70. The third voltage divider module 60 is configured to output a third voltage divider signal to the second comparison module 70 based on a first voltage. The second comparison module 70 is configured to output an over-temperature signal based on the first and third voltage divider signals.

[0038] The third voltage divider module 60 refers to a module composed of a resistor network or other voltage divider circuits, used to divide the first voltage and output a third voltage divider signal. In practical applications, the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal can be designed based on a preset temperature, so that when the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal will be higher than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal, and when the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal will be lower than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal.

[0039] The second comparison module 70 is a comparator that outputs an over-temperature signal based on the voltage values ​​of the first and third voltage divider signals. Specifically, the second comparison module 70 outputs an over-temperature signal, such as a high-level signal, when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is greater than that of the third voltage divider signal. Conversely, the second comparison module 70 does not output an over-temperature signal when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is less than that of the third voltage divider signal.

[0040] By setting the third voltage divider module 60 and the second comparison module 70, when the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature, the second comparison module 70 will output an over-temperature signal. Subsequently, based on the over-temperature signal, it is possible to detect whether the system is over-temperature and perform protection actions when over-temperature occurs, such as reducing the load, shutting down the equipment, or triggering an alarm, thereby preventing the system from being damaged due to overheating.

[0041] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 3The fan speed control circuit 100 also includes a second switching module 80. A first terminal of the second switching module 80 is connected to the input power supply 200, a second terminal of the second switching module 80 is connected to the first terminal of the first switching module 30, and a third terminal of the second switching module 80 is connected to the output terminal of the second comparison module 70. The second switching module 80 is configured to shut down based on an over-temperature signal.

[0042] The second switch module 80 is connected between the input power supply 200 and the first switch module 30. The second switch module 80 is a switching device that turns on when an over-temperature signal is received and turns off when no over-temperature signal is received.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, see Figure 4 The second switch module 80 includes a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a second switch Q2, a third switch Q3, a fourth switch Q4, and a fourth diode D4. The first terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the input power supply 200 and the first terminal of the eleventh resistor R11. The second terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switch module 30. The third terminal of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second terminal of the eleventh resistor R11 and the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10. The second terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the first terminal of the third switch Q3. The second terminal of the third switch Q3 is grounded to GND. The third terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8 and the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9. The second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded to GND. The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the cathode of the fourth diode D4 and the first terminal of the second switch Q2. The second terminal of the second switch Q2 is grounded to GND. The third terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7. The second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the second comparator module 70. The anode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6. The second terminal of the sixth resistor R6 is used to connect to the central processing unit (CPU).

[0044] In this configuration, the second switch Q2 can be an NPN transistor, with its first terminal being the collector, second terminal being the emitter, and third terminal being the base. The third switch Q3 can also be an NPN transistor, with its first terminal being the collector, second terminal being the emitter, and third terminal being the base. The fourth switch Q4 is a PMOS transistor, with its first terminal being the source, second terminal being the drain, and third terminal being the gate.

[0045] The central processing unit (CPU) is the core controller of the energy storage system. It is responsible for receiving and processing signals and determining whether to turn on the second switching module 80. Specifically, when it is necessary to turn off the fan, the CPU does not output an enable signal or outputs a low-level signal to the second switching module 80. The base of the third switching transistor Q4 is pulled down through the ninth resistor R9, turning off the third switching transistor Q4 and causing the fourth switching transistor Q4 to turn off, thereby disconnecting the input power supply 200 from the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30. When the fan needs to be turned on, the central processing unit outputs an enable signal (such as a high-level signal) to the second switching module 80, that is, it outputs an enable signal to the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6. When the second comparator module 70 does not output an over-temperature signal, the third switch Q3 is turned on, causing the fourth switch Q4 to be turned on, thereby establishing the connection between the input power supply 200 and the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30. The fan speed control circuit controls the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300 based on the ambient temperature. When the over-temperature signal (such as a high-level signal) output by the second comparator module 70 is received to the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7, the second switch Q2 is turned on, causing the third switch Q4 to be turned off, causing the fourth switch Q4 to be turned off, thereby disconnecting the connection between the input power supply 200 and the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30.

[0046] As can be seen, by controlling whether the second switch module 80 is enabled by the central processing unit, the second switch module 80 can be turned off when the fan is not in use, reducing system power consumption. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature exceeds a threshold, the supply voltage of the fan 300 will increase accordingly, causing the fan speed to increase abnormally. At this time, the fan speed control circuit generates an over-temperature signal, and the second switch module 80 can disconnect the input power supply 200 from the system, cutting off the power supply. This not only reduces the possibility of damage to the fan 300 and other circuit components due to high-temperature operating environments, extending the overall lifespan of the equipment, but also fundamentally solves the noise problem caused by high-speed fan operation through the active shutdown strategy, improving the user experience.

[0047] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The voltage regulator module 10 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a controllable voltage regulator U1. The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the input power supply 200. The second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, the first end of the controllable voltage regulator U1, and the first end of the first voltage divider module 20. The second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first end of the third resistor R3 and the second end of the controllable voltage regulator U1. The second end of the third resistor R3 and the third end of the controllable voltage regulator U1 are both grounded to GND.

[0048] The controllable voltage regulator U1 is a voltage regulator device capable of adjusting the output voltage. Specifically, the controllable voltage regulator U1 can use the TL431 chip. The first terminal of the controllable voltage regulator U1 is the cathode of the TL431 chip, the second terminal is the reference terminal of the TL431 chip, and the third terminal is the anode of the TL431 chip. The TL431 chip internally contains a 2.5V precision reference voltage source. When the voltage at the reference terminal is less than 2.5V, the TL431 chip is in the off state, and the impedance between the cathode and anode is very high, so they do not conduct. When the voltage at the reference terminal is greater than or equal to 2.5V, the TL431 chip begins to conduct, the impedance between the cathode and anode decreases, and current flows from the cathode to the anode. At this time, the TL431 chip stabilizes the first voltage by adjusting the cathode current, keeping the first voltage stable at a preset value.

[0049] The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 divide the voltage of the input power supply 200 and output the divided voltage signal to the controllable voltage regulator U1. By designing the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3, the voltage value of the divided voltage is set so that when the voltage regulator module 10 is connected to the input power supply 200, the controllable voltage regulator U1 is turned on, and the voltage at the first terminal of the controllable voltage regulator U1 (the first voltage) is at the preset voltage value.

[0050] By using the controllable voltage regulator U1 and the voltage divider circuit, the voltage regulator module 10 can provide a high-precision and stable output voltage, ensuring that the output voltage is not affected by input voltage fluctuations or load changes.

[0051] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The first voltage divider module 20 includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1, a first voltage divider resistor Rf1, and a second voltage divider resistor Rf2. The first terminal of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 is connected to the second terminal of the voltage regulator module 10, and the second terminal of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage divider resistor Rf1. The second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor Rf1 is connected to the first input terminal of the first comparator module 50 and the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor Rf2. The second terminal of the second voltage divider resistor Rf2 is grounded (GND).

[0052] Specifically, the first terminal of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1, the first terminal of the second resistor R2, and the cathode of the controllable voltage regulator U1. The negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 is a semiconductor device whose resistance decreases as the ambient temperature increases. The relationship between its resistance and ambient temperature usually exhibits an exponential decay characteristic, that is, the higher the ambient temperature, the lower the resistance; the lower the ambient temperature, the higher the resistance.

[0053] In the first voltage divider module 20, the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1, the first voltage divider resistor Rf1, and the second voltage divider resistor Rf2 divide the first voltage and output the first voltage divider signal to the first comparison module 50. The resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 changes with ambient temperature, thus affecting the magnitude of the first voltage divider signal. Specifically, when the ambient temperature rises, the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 decreases, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal increases; when the ambient temperature decreases, the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 increases, and the voltage of the first voltage divider signal decreases. Through the temperature sensitivity of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1, the first voltage divider module 20 can reflect changes in ambient temperature in real time, providing accurate feedback signals for subsequent temperature control. Specifically, when the ambient temperature rises, the resistance value of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 decreases, and when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal increases, the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300 also increases. When the ambient temperature decreases, the resistance value of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 increases, and when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal decreases, the voltage at the power supply terminal of the fan 300 also decreases.

[0054] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The second voltage divider module 40 includes a third voltage divider resistor Rf3 and a fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4. The first end of the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan 300, the second end of the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 is connected to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4 and the second input terminal of the first comparator module 50, and the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4 is grounded to GND.

[0055] In the second voltage divider module 40, the power supply terminal of the fan 300, the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4 form a loop, and a second voltage divider signal is generated at the second end of the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 to the second input terminal of the first comparison module 50, thereby implementing feedback of the voltage of the power supply terminal of the fan 300 to the second comparison module 70.

[0056] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5The first switching module 30 includes a first switching transistor Q1, a Zener diode ZD1, and a fourth resistor R4. The first terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage regulator module 10 and the input power supply 200. The second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is used to connect to the power supply terminal of the fan 300 and the first terminal of the second voltage divider module 40. The third terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode ZD1. The anode of the Zener diode ZD1 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. The second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal of the first comparator module 50.

[0057] Specifically, the first switching transistor Q1 can be a PNP transistor. The first terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is the emitter of the PNP transistor, the second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is the collector of the PNP transistor, and the third terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is the base of the PNP transistor. When a high-level signal is received from the first comparator module 50, the Zener diode ZD1 is not turned on, and the first switching transistor Q1 is turned off. When a low-level signal is received from the first comparator module 50, the Zener diode ZD1 breaks down in reverse, and the first switching transistor Q1 is turned on. In practical applications, other suitable switching devices can also be used for the first switching transistor Q1, and the limitations of this embodiment are not required.

[0058] When the Zener diode ZD1 breaks down, it keeps the voltage across it relatively stable, preventing the input power supply 200 from damaging the first switching transistor Q1, thus protecting Q1. The fourth resistor R4 limits the current of the signal output from the first comparator module 50, preventing excessive current from damaging Q1, thus protecting Q1.

[0059] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The third voltage divider module 60 includes a fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5 and a sixth voltage divider resistor Rf6. The first end of the fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5 is connected to the second end of the voltage regulator module 10, the second end of the fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5 is connected to the first input end of the second comparator module 70 and the first end of the sixth voltage divider resistor Rf6, and the second end of the sixth voltage divider resistor Rf6 is grounded to GND.

[0060] Specifically, the first terminal of the fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5 is connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1 and the first terminal of the second resistor R2. In this third voltage divider module 60, the second terminal of the voltage regulator module 10, the fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5, and the sixth voltage divider resistor Rf6 form a circuit, generating a third voltage divider signal at the second terminal of the fifth voltage divider resistor Rf5, which is then sent to the second comparator module 70. By setting the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal will be greater than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal when the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature, and the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal will be less than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal when the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature.

[0061] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The second comparison module 70 includes a first comparator U3, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, and a fifth resistor R5. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider module 20, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator U3 and the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5. The inverting input terminal of the second comparator U2 is connected to the second terminal of the third voltage divider module 60, and the output terminal of the second comparator U2 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 and the anode of the third diode D3. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is used to output an over-temperature signal.

[0062] The first comparator U3 compares the voltage values ​​of the first voltage divider signal and the third voltage divider signal. When the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is greater than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal, the first comparator U3 outputs a high-level signal (over-temperature signal); when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is less than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal, the first comparator U3 outputs a low-level signal. By comparing the two voltage divider signals, the first comparator U3 can determine whether the ambient temperature exceeds the preset temperature, thereby triggering over-temperature protection.

[0063] The first diode D1 transmits the first voltage divider signal to the non-inverting input of the first comparator U3, while preventing the signal from flowing in the opposite direction. The second diode D2 transmits the output signal of the first comparator U3 to the fifth resistor R5, while also preventing the signal from flowing in the opposite direction. The third diode D3 and the fifth resistor R5 form a positive feedback circuit, enabling the first comparator U3 to latch up after outputting a high-level signal.

[0064] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 4 or Figure 5 The first comparison module 50 includes a second comparator U2. The inverting input terminal of the second comparator U2 is connected to the second terminal of the first voltage divider resistor Rf1 and the first terminal of the second voltage divider resistor Rf2. The non-inverting input terminal of the second comparator U2 is connected to the second terminal of the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 and the first terminal of the fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4.

[0065] The second comparator U2 compares the voltage values ​​of the first voltage divider signal and the second voltage divider signal. When the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is greater than the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal, the second comparator U2 outputs a low-level signal; when the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is less than the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal, the second comparator U2 outputs a high-level signal. By comparing the two voltage divider signals, the second comparator U2 can control the first switch module 30 to be turned on or off.

[0066] The following is combined Figure 4 The embodiments shown illustrate in detail the specific working process of the fan speed control circuit provided in this application.

[0067] In this embodiment, a low-level signal is used as the first control sub-signal and a high-level signal is used as the second control sub-signal for illustration. In actual applications, this is not limited.

[0068] When the central processing unit does not output an enable signal (such as a high-level signal) to the second switching module 80, the third switching transistor Q4 is turned off, causing the fourth switching transistor Q4 to be turned off, thereby disconnecting the input power supply 200 from the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30.

[0069] When the central processing unit outputs an enable signal (such as a high-level signal) to the second switching module 80, the third switching transistor Q4 is turned on, which in turn turns on the fourth switching transistor Q4, thereby establishing a connection between the input power supply 200 and the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30.

[0070] At this time, the voltage divider formed by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 turns on the controllable voltage regulator U1. The voltage regulator module 10 outputs the first voltage divider signal to the first voltage divider module 20. The negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1, the first voltage divider resistor Rf1, and the second voltage divider resistor Rf2 output the first voltage divider signal to the second comparator U2. Simultaneously, the third voltage divider resistor Rf3 and the fourth voltage divider resistor Rf4 output the second voltage divider signal to the second comparator U2. Since the first switch module 30 is in the off state, the second voltage divider signal is 0V, that is, the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal is less than the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal. The second comparator U2 outputs a low-level signal (first control sub-signal) to the first switch Q1, and the first switch Q1 turns on. The path between power supply 200, fourth switch Q2, first switch Q1 and the power supply terminal of fan 300 is made open. At this time, the voltage of the power supply terminal of fan 300 is equal to the voltage of input power supply 200, so that the voltage value of the second voltage divider signal will be greater than the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal. The second comparator U2 outputs a high-level signal (second control sub-signal) to the first switch Q1, the first switch Q1 is turned off, and the path between input power supply 200, fourth switch Q2, first switch Q1 and the power supply terminal of fan 300 is turned off. This process is repeated so that the voltage of the power supply terminal of fan 300 is stabilized at a certain voltage value. At the same time, the voltage of the power supply terminal of fan 300 is related to the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal output by the first voltage divider module 20. In the initial stage when the fan speed control circuit 100 is connected to the input power supply 200, the ambient temperature is low, the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor Rt1 is relatively large, and the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal is relatively low, resulting in a relatively low power supply voltage for the fan 300. At this time, the fan 300 rotates slowly and has low heat dissipation capacity due to the low power supply voltage. When the ambient temperature rises, such as when the system is working at full load, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal rises, resulting in an increase in the power supply voltage for the fan 300, and the fan 300 rotates faster due to the increased power supply voltage. When the ambient temperature drops, such as when the system reduces its load, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal drops, resulting in a decrease in the power supply voltage for the fan 300, and the fan 300 rotates slower due to the decreased power supply voltage.

[0071] When the ambient temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the voltage value of the first voltage divider signal will be greater than the voltage value of the third voltage divider signal. The first comparator U3 will output a high-level signal (over-temperature signal) to the second switching module 80. This high-level signal is output to the second switching transistor Q2 through the seventh resistor R7. The second switching transistor Q2 is turned on, causing the third switching transistor Q4 to turn off, and the fourth switching transistor Q4 to turn off, thereby disconnecting the connection between the input power supply 200 and the voltage regulator module 10 and the first switching module 30.

[0072] As can be seen, the fan speed control circuit provided in this application can dynamically adjust the fan speed based on the ambient temperature, and reduce system costs through hardware circuitry. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is too high, i.e., when the voltage at the power supply terminal of fan 300 is too high or the fan speed is too fast, the fan speed control circuit can output an over-temperature signal to automatically cut off the power supply, preventing damage to the fan and other circuit components due to high temperatures, extending the service life of the equipment. Moreover, by using a shutdown method, the noise problem caused by excessively high fan speed is reduced.

[0073] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an energy storage system, which includes a fan and a fan speed control circuit as described in any of the first aspects. The fan speed control circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the fan.

[0074] In this embodiment, the fan speed control circuit has the same structure and function as the fan speed control circuit described in any one of the first aspects, and will not be repeated here. Energy storage systems are typically used to store electrical energy and release it when needed. Energy storage systems can be applied to various scenarios, such as grid peak shaving and backup power.

[0075] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A fan speed regulation circuit, characterized by, The fan speed regulation circuit comprises: a voltage stabilizing module, a first end of which is configured to be connected to an input power supply; a first voltage dividing module, a first end of which is connected to a second end of the voltage stabilizing module; a first switch module, a first end and a second end of which are configured to be connected to the input power supply and a power supply end of a fan, respectively; a second voltage dividing module and a first comparison module, a first end of the second voltage dividing module being connected to the power supply end of the fan, a first input end of the first comparison module, a second input end of the first comparison module, and an output end of the first comparison module being connected to a second end of the first voltage dividing module, a second end of the second voltage dividing module, and a third end of the first switch module, respectively; the voltage stabilizing module is configured to provide a first voltage to the first voltage dividing module based on the input power supply; the first voltage dividing module is configured to output a first voltage dividing signal to the first comparison module based on the first voltage, the first voltage dividing signal being monotonically increasing with respect to the ambient temperature; the second voltage dividing module is configured to output a second voltage dividing signal to the first comparison module based on a voltage of the power supply end of the fan; the first comparison module is configured to output a control signal to the first switch module based on the first voltage dividing signal and the second voltage dividing signal; and the first switch module is configured to be turned on or turned off based on the control signal to control the voltage of the power supply end of the fan, thereby adjusting the rotating speed of the fan.

2. The fan speed regulation circuit of claim 1, wherein, The fan speed regulation circuit further comprises a third voltage dividing module and a second comparison module; a first end of the third voltage dividing module is connected to the second end of the voltage stabilizing module, a second end of the third voltage dividing module is connected to a first input end of the second comparison module, and a second end of the first voltage dividing module is connected to a second input end of the second comparison module; wherein the third voltage dividing module is configured to output a third voltage dividing signal to the second comparison module based on the first voltage; and the second comparison module is configured to output an over-temperature signal based on the first voltage dividing signal and the third voltage dividing signal.

3. The fan speed regulation circuit of claim 2, wherein, The fan speed regulation circuit further comprises a second switch module; a first end of the second switch module is configured to be connected to the input power supply, a second end of the second switch module is connected to a first end of the first switch module, and a third end of the second switch module is connected to an output end of the second comparison module; the second switch module is configured to be turned off based on the over-temperature signal.

4. The fan speed regulation circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The voltage stabilizing module comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a controllable voltage stabilizer; a first end of the first resistor is configured to be connected to the input power supply, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of the second resistor, a first end of the controllable voltage stabilizer, and a first end of the first voltage dividing module, a second end of the second resistor is connected to a first end of the third resistor and a second end of the controllable voltage stabilizer, and a second end of the third resistor and a third end of the controllable voltage stabilizer are both grounded.

5. The fan speed regulation circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first voltage dividing module comprises a negative temperature coefficient thermistor, a first voltage dividing resistor, and a second voltage dividing resistor; The first end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to the second end of the voltage stabilizing module, the second end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected to the first end of the first voltage dividing resistor, the second end of the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the first input end of the first comparison module and the first end of the second voltage dividing resistor, and the second end of the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded.

6. The fan speed regulation circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The second voltage dividing module comprises a third voltage dividing resistor and a fourth voltage dividing resistor. The first end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to the power supply end of the fan, the second end of the third voltage dividing resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor and the second input end of the first comparison module, and the second end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor is grounded.

7. The fan speed regulation circuit of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The first switch module comprises a first switch tube, a voltage stabilizing diode and a fourth resistor. The first end of the first switch tube is connected to the first end of the voltage stabilizing module and the input power supply, the second end of the first switch tube is used for connecting the power supply end of the fan and the first end of the second voltage dividing module, the third end of the first switch tube is connected to the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the output end of the first comparison module.

8. The fan speed regulation circuit of any of claims 2-3, wherein, The third voltage dividing module comprises a fifth voltage dividing resistor and a sixth voltage dividing resistor. The first end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the second end of the voltage stabilizing module, the second end of the fifth voltage dividing resistor is connected to the first input end of the second comparison module and the first end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor, and the second end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor is grounded.

9. The fan speed regulation circuit of any of claims 2-3, wherein, The second comparison module comprises a first comparator, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode and a fifth resistor. The anode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the first voltage dividing module, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first comparator and the first end of the fifth resistor, the inverting input end of the second comparator is connected to the second end of the third voltage dividing module, the output end of the second comparator is connected to the anode of the second diode and the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the cathode of the third diode is used for outputting the over-temperature signal.

10. An energy storage system characterized by, The fan speed regulating circuit comprises a fan and a fan speed regulating circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1-9. The fan speed regulating circuit is connected to the power supply end of the fan.

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