Waveguide adapter structure with single-layer structure, antenna and radar

Abstract

The utility model provides a waveguide adapter structure with a single-layer structure, an antenna and a radar. The waveguide adapter structure comprises a PCB mainboard and a waveguide interface structure. The side wall of an E-plane waveguide groove of the waveguide interface structure is provided with an extension part in the direction away from the plane where the bottom face of the E-plane waveguide groove is located, and a base wall is formed. The end part of the foundation wall is connected with a plurality of first magnetic conductor nail columns which are arranged at intervals; an E-plane waveguide cavity is formed by the foundation wall, the first magnetic conductor nail column and the E-plane waveguide groove; one end of the E-plane waveguide groove is a closed end with a closed end face and is opposite to the waveguide hole, and a matching body is arranged at the corner of the closed end. According to the utility model, more waveguide interfaces and transmission lines can be arranged in a narrow projection area of the waveguide chip, the size of the E-plane waveguide cavity is increased, and the isolation among a plurality of E-plane waveguide cavities is considered, so that the antenna body can be independently and integrally formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waveguide technology, specifically to a single-layer waveguide adapter structure, antenna, and radar. Background Technology

[0002] Waveguide slot antennas are commonly used in navigation, radar, and other high-frequency systems. They are easy to manufacture, have low loss, and radiate linearly polarized waves with very low cross-polarization. Waveguide slot array antennas offer numerous advantages, including compact structure, light weight, high mechanical strength, high power capacity, high aperture efficiency, ease of achieving narrow beams, and high reliability.

[0003] In the field of automotive radar, the application of waveguide antennas has gradually gained widespread attention. Various radar SOC chip manufacturers have successively released radar RF chips with multiple waveguide feed holes on the back. These chips are characterized by their small area and large number of waveguide feed holes, which leads to problems such as insufficient channel layout space and poor isolation between channels when designing mating waveguide antenna interfaces.

[0004] For multi-layer waveguide antennas, waveguide interfaces perpendicular to the top plane of the PCB are generally set on the structural layer facing the PCB, and the waveguide interfaces are aligned with the waveguide feed holes of the chip. Relatively speaking, it is not too difficult to set the same number of waveguide interfaces as the chip feed holes within the chip's projected area for this type of structure.

[0005] For single-layer waveguide antennas, since it is impossible to set up vertical waveguide interfaces, the waveguide interfaces and some transmission channels must be set parallel to the top plane of the PCB. That is, some transmission channels are also distributed within the chip projection area, resulting in insufficient layout space and poor isolation between channels when arranging the same number of waveguide interfaces. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a single-layer waveguide adapter structure, antenna, and radar.

[0007] According to the present invention, a single-layer waveguide interface structure includes: a PCB motherboard 1 and a waveguide interface structure 2.

[0008] The PCB motherboard 1 has a copper-clad PCB top surface 11, and the PCB top surface 11 is provided with waveguide holes 12;

[0009] The waveguide interface structure 2 has an E-plane waveguide groove 21 on one side. The long side of the cross-section of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is perpendicular to the top surface 11 of the PCB, and the short side is parallel to the top surface 11 of the PCB.

[0010] The sidewall of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 has an extension in a direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is located, forming a base wall 24;

[0011] The end of the base wall 24 is connected to a plurality of spaced-apart first magnetic conductor nail posts 22;

[0012] The base wall 24 and the first magnetic conductor nail 22 form an extended space on one side of the E-plane waveguide groove 21, and the extended space and the E-plane waveguide groove 21 together constitute the E-plane waveguide cavity.

[0013] The E-plane waveguide groove 21 has a closed end with a closed end face, which is opposite to the waveguide hole 12. A matching body 23 is provided at the corner of the closed end so that the waveguide hole 12 for vertical transmission is twisted and matched with the E-plane waveguide cavity for horizontal transmission at 90 degrees. The other end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is an open end face, which is used to connect the waveguide transmission line.

[0014] Furthermore, the waveguide interface structure also includes: an isolation wall 26;

[0015] The isolation wall 26 is disposed on both sides of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 along the extension direction of the E-plane waveguide groove 21, and is located outside the base wall 24.

[0016] Furthermore, the isolation wall 26 and the base wall 24 have a preset distance between them, forming an outer groove 25.

[0017] Furthermore, the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is a straight line or a curved shape.

[0018] Furthermore, the end face of the first magnetic conductor nail 22 is flush with the end face of the isolation wall 26.

[0019] Furthermore, the length of the first magnetic conductor nail post 22 is one-third of the length from the end face of the first magnetic conductor nail post 22 to the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove 21.

[0020] Furthermore, the centerline of the closed end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is on the same straight line as the centerline of the waveguide hole 12.

[0021] Furthermore, the end face of the first magnetic conductor nail post 22 is in contact with the PCB motherboard 1 or has a preset assembly gap.

[0022] An antenna according to this utility model includes the single-layer waveguide adapter structure described above.

[0023] A radar according to the present invention includes the aforementioned antenna.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. This utility model adopts an E-plane waveguide, which minimizes the projected area of ​​the waveguide port and transmission line, making it easier to arrange more waveguide interfaces and transmission lines within the limited projected area of ​​the waveguide chip, thus meeting the space requirements for matching with the chip port.

[0026] 2. The lower half of the E-plane wave of this utility model consists of a base wall and arranged magnetic conductor nails, which further enhances electromagnetic shielding and forms an E-plane waveguide cavity with the copper plating on the top surface of the PCB. While increasing the volume of the E-plane waveguide cavity of the main structure of the waveguide interface, it also takes into account the isolation between multiple E-plane waveguide cavities.

[0027] 3. The magnetic conductor nail of this utility model can be fitted with the gap or connection of the PCB copper cladding, so that the antenna body can be formed as a single piece and then assembled with the PCB. The assembly requirements are low and can meet the requirements of mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 A 3D view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0030] Figure 2 An exploded view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0031] Figure 3 An exploded view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (multi-channel);

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0033] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0034] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0035] Figure 7 A bottom view of a single-layer waveguide adapter structure (single channel);

[0036] Figures 8-13 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between different waveguide holes and E-plane waveguide grooves. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a single-layer waveguide adapter structure, including: a PCB motherboard 1 and a waveguide adapter structure 2.

[0039] The PCB motherboard 1 has a copper-clad PCB top surface 11, and multiple waveguide holes 12 are provided on the PCB top surface 11. The multiple waveguide holes 12 are connected one-to-one with the waveguide transmitter ports of the radar RF chip, and play the role of transmitting and receiving RF signals.

[0040] One side of the waveguide interface structure 2 has an E-plane waveguide groove 21. The long side of the cross-section of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is perpendicular to the top surface 11 of the PCB, and the short side is parallel to the top surface 11 of the PCB. The E-plane (electric field) refers to a plane parallel to the direction of the electric field, while the H-plane (magnetic field) refers to a plane parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. The E-plane is usually parallel to the narrow wall, and the H-plane is parallel to the wide wall. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the number of E-plane waveguide slots 21 corresponds one-to-one with the waveguide apertures 12, and the E-plane waveguide slots 21 can be... Figure 2 The straight line shown can also be Figure 3 The bending shape is shown. By using different combinations of bending shapes, multiple E-plane waveguide cavities can be arranged within a limited area to accommodate the port sizes and layouts of different RF chips. The transmission direction of the E-plane waveguide cavity is parallel to the long side of the waveguide aperture 12, thereby allowing for the docking of more waveguide apertures 12 within the limited space of the waveguide interface structure 2.

[0041] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, one end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is a closed end with a closed face, which is positioned opposite to the waveguide aperture 12. A matching body 23 is provided at the corner of the closed end, so that the waveguide aperture 12 for vertical transmission and the E-plane waveguide cavity for horizontal transmission are torsional matched at 90 degrees, thereby improving signal transmission efficiency. The other end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is an open end with an open face, used to connect the waveguide transmission line. The matching body 23 can be stepped or inclined. The centerline of the closed end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is on the same straight line as the centerline of the waveguide aperture 12.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, the sidewall of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 has an extension in the direction away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 is located, forming a base wall 24. Multiple spaced-apart first magnetic conductor nails 22 are connected to the end of the base wall 24. The base wall 24 and the first magnetic conductor nails 22 enclose an extended space on one side of the E-plane waveguide groove 21, and the extended space and the E-plane waveguide groove 21 together constitute the E-plane waveguide cavity. The end faces of the first magnetic conductor nails 22 are in contact with the PCB motherboard 1 or have a preset assembly gap, which can maintain considerable electromagnetic shielding performance. Isolation walls 26 are arranged along the extension direction of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 on both sides of the E-plane waveguide groove 21 and are located outside the base wall 24. There is a preset distance between the isolation walls 26 and the base wall 24, forming an outer groove 25, which can further enhance electromagnetic shielding and improve the isolation between the E-plane waveguide cavities.

[0043] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 ,as well as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the projection of waveguide aperture 12 onto the E-plane waveguide groove 21 can be located exactly at the end of the E-plane waveguide groove 21, or it can be moved a certain distance from the end along the extension direction of the E-plane waveguide groove 21. Figure 11 In the diagram, the projection of waveguide aperture 12 is located at the corner of waveguide groove 21 on the E-plane. Figure 12 and Figure 13 In this context, the waveguide aperture 12 can be a double-ridged waveguide or a single-ridged waveguide other than a rectangle. In this case, it is preferable to arrange a first magnetic conductor nail post 22 at the ridge.

[0044] In this embodiment, the end face of the first magnetic conductor post 22 is flush with the end face of the isolation wall 26 to facilitate assembly with the PCB motherboard 1. The length of the first magnetic conductor post 22 is at least one-third of the length from the end face of the first magnetic conductor post 22 to the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove 21, thereby ensuring the electromagnetic shielding effect.

[0045] This invention can be applied to antennas. By connecting a slot antenna to the open end of the E-plane waveguide slot 21 via a waveguide transmission line, the antenna function can be achieved. Simultaneously, this antenna can be used in products such as radar.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0047] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A single-layer waveguide adapter structure, characterized in that, The application relates to a waveguide interface structure. The PCB mainboard (1) has a copper-coated PCB top surface (11) provided with a waveguide hole (12). The E-plane waveguide groove (21) has a base wall (24) formed by the extension of the side wall of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) away from the plane where the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) is located. The base wall (24) is connected with a plurality of first magnetic conductor pegs (22) arranged at intervals. The base wall (24) and the first magnetic conductor pegs (22) form an extension space on one side of the E-plane waveguide groove (21), and the extension space and the E-plane waveguide groove (21) jointly form an E-plane waveguide cavity. The E-plane waveguide groove (21) has a closed end with a closed end surface, and the closed end is arranged opposite to the waveguide hole (12); a matching body (23) is arranged at the corner of the closed end, so that the waveguide hole (12) vertically transmitted is twisted and matched with the E-plane waveguide cavity horizontally transmitted by 90 degrees; the other end of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) is an open end with an open end surface, and is used for connecting a waveguide transmission line. The waveguide interface structure further comprises an isolation wall (26). The isolation wall (26) is arranged on both sides of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) along the extension direction of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) and is located outside the base wall (24).

2. The single-layered waveguide-to-waveguide transition structure of claim 1, wherein, The isolation wall (26) and the base wall (24) have a preset distance, forming an outer groove (25). The E-plane waveguide groove (21) is linear or curved.

3. The single-layered waveguide-to-waveguide transition structure of claim 2, wherein, The end surface of the first magnetic conductor peg (22) is flush with the end surface of the isolation wall (26).

4. The single-layered waveguide-to-waveguide transition structure of claim 3, wherein, The length of the first magnetic conductor peg (22) is one third of the length from the end surface of the first magnetic conductor peg (22) to the bottom surface of the E-plane waveguide groove (21).

5. The single-layer waveguide tap structure of claim 2, wherein, The center line of the closed end of the E-plane waveguide groove (21) is on the same straight line as the center line of the waveguide hole (12).

6. The single-layer waveguide-to-waveguide transition structure of claim 1, wherein, The end surface of the first magnetic conductor peg (22) is in contact with or has a preset assembly gap with the PCB mainboard (1).

7. The single-layer waveguide-to-waveguide transition structure of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to a waveguide interface structure comprising the single-layer structure of any one of claims 1-8.

8. The single-layer waveguide tap structure of claim 1, wherein, The application relates to an antenna comprising the waveguide interface structure of claim 9.

9. An antenna, characterized by ​ 10. A radar, characterized by ​

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