Tobacco waste resource utilization device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tobacco waste resource utilization, in particular to a tobacco waste resource utilization device. Comprising a crusher, a dryer, an enzymolysis extraction device, a separation unit and a rectifying tower, a conveying device is arranged at a discharge hole of the crusher, and is used for conveying crushed materials into the drying machine; a transfer device is arranged at a discharge port of the drying machine, and the dried materials are conveyed into the enzymolysis extraction device through the transfer device; the enzymolysis extraction device comprises a reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is provided with a feed port, a discharge port, a solution adding device and an enzyme adding device; the reaction kettle is connected with the separation unit through a pipeline; the separation unit is connected with the rectifying tower through a pipeline. The device provided by the utility model can extract a high-purity nicotine extracting solution from tobacco wastes, meets the requirements of high-end fields such as medicine and fine chemical engineering on high-purity nicotine, and greatly expands the additional value and the market application range of tobacco waste recycling products.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tobacco waste resource utilization technical field especially is a kind of tobacco waste resource utilization device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tobacco industry is an important economic crop industry, but in its planting, processing and manufacturing process will produce a large amount of waste, such as discarded tobacco stem, axillary bud, tobacco dust, secondary tobacco leaf etc. These wastes, if not properly handled, not only occupy a large amount of land resources, but also may cause environmental pollution. The traditional treatment method is mostly incineration or landfill, which not only wastes resources, but also may cause secondary pollution. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the popularization of resource recycling concept, more and more researchers begin to pay attention to the resource utilization of tobacco waste. Through scientific methods and advanced technical means, tobacco waste is converted into valuable resources, which not only can reduce environmental pollution, but also can realize the sustainable utilization of resources and promote the green development of tobacco industry.

[0003] Therefore, how to effectively and environmentally treat and utilize these tobacco wastes has become a problem to be solved. Especially in the aspect of extracting nicotine from tobacco waste, it is difficult to obtain high-purity nicotine extract by conventional means. Therefore, an innovative device is urgently needed to solve this problem. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of tobacco waste resource utilization device, which can recycle tobacco waste and obtain high-purity nicotine.

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of tobacco waste resource utilization device, including pulverizer, drying machine, enzymatic extraction device, separation unit, rectifying column;

[0006] The discharge port of the pulverizer is provided with a conveying device, and the conveying device transports the crushed material to the drying machine;

[0007] The discharge port of the drying machine is provided with a transfer device, and the transfer device transports the dried material to the enzymatic extraction device;

[0008] The enzymatic extraction device includes a reaction kettle, which is provided with a feed inlet, a discharge port, a solution adding device and an enzyme adding device;The discharge port of the reaction kettle is connected with the separation unit by pipeline;The discharge port of the separation unit is connected with the rectifying column by pipeline.

[0009] Further, the separation unit comprises a centrifugal device and a filtering device, the feed inlet of the centrifugal device is connected with the discharge outlet of the reaction kettle through a pipeline, the discharge outlet of the centrifugal device is connected with the filtering device through a pipeline, and the discharge outlet of the filtering device is connected with the rectifying tower through a pipeline.

[0010] Further, a nicotine storage tank is further included, and the discharge outlet of the rectifying tower is connected with the nicotine storage tank through a pipeline.

[0011] Further, a controller connected with the pulverizer, the conveying device, the dryer, the separation unit and the rectifying tower is further included.

[0012] Further, the pulverizer comprises a pulverizing chamber, a feed hopper is arranged at the feed inlet of the pulverizing chamber, a roller shaft is arranged in the pulverizing chamber, a plurality of pulverizing blades are arranged at the roller shaft in the length direction, a vibrating screen is arranged below the roller shaft, and a material outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pulverizing chamber.

[0013] Further, the solution adding device comprises two liquid storage tanks arranged above the reaction kettle, the bottom of each liquid storage tank is connected with the reaction kettle through an adding pipe, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the adding pipe, and a liquid level sensor is arranged on the liquid storage tank.

[0014] Further, the enzyme adding device comprises an automatic weighing and discharging machine, the top end of the automatic weighing and discharging machine is provided with a feed bin, the discharge outlet of the automatic weighing and discharging machine is connected with the reaction kettle through a discharge pipe, an automatic discharging valve is arranged on the discharge pipe, and the reaction kettle is provided with a pH detection device.

[0015] In conclusion, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] The technical scheme of the utility model comprises the following steps: the tobacco waste is pulverized by the pulverizer, a larger contact area is provided for subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is effectively shortened, the enzymatic hydrolysis extraction unit is arranged to extract nicotine in the tobacco waste by enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, the nicotine extraction efficiency is higher than that of the traditional extraction method, the purity is higher, the separation unit is arranged to remove more impurities, the rectifying tower is arranged for rectification, the purity of the nicotine can be increased from 50%-60% of the conventional crude extraction to above 95%, the demand of high-purity nicotine in high-end fields such as medicine and fine chemical industry is met, and the added value and market application range of the tobacco waste resource product are greatly expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tobacco waste resource utilization device in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tobacco waste resource utilization device in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tobacco waste resource utilization device in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the tobacco waste resource utilization device in the embodiment 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following combined with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] In the description of the utility model, need understanding is, the term "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and so on indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawing, just is for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with a particular orientation configuration and operation, therefore can not be understood as the restriction of the utility model.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and can not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise expressly specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connected", "connected" should be broadly understood, for example, can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected, or integrally connected, can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected, can be directly connected, can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A tobacco waste resource utilization device, as shown in Figure 1 It includes a pulverizer 1, a conveying device 2, a drying machine 3, a transfer device, an enzymatic extraction device, a separation unit and a rectifying column 8.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the crusher 1 comprises a crushing chamber 101, a feed hopper 102 is arranged at the feed inlet of the crushing chamber 101, two roller shafts 103 are symmetrically arranged inside the crushing chamber 101, a plurality of crushing blades 104 are arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the roller shaft 103 in the length direction, a vibrating screen 106 is arranged below the roller shaft 103, and a material outlet 105 is arranged at the bottom of the crushing chamber 101. A vibrating motor 107 is arranged on the lower side of the vibrating screen 106, the vibrating motor 107 is arranged on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 101, a cam is arranged on the output end of the vibrating motor 107, the vibrating motor 107 drives the rotation of the cam to excite the vibrating screen 106, which facilitates the filtration of the crushed tobacco waste, and makes the tobacco waste entering the next operation more uniform in particle size. A sealable door 108 is arranged on the side wall of the crushing chamber 101 opposite to the vibrating screen 106, which facilitates the cleaning of the waste on the vibrating screen 106. At the same time, the crusher 1 adopts the high-speed rotating blade structure with adjustable blade spacing in the prior art, which can crush the tobacco waste of different sizes and hardness into uniform small pieces.

[0028] A conveying device 2 is arranged at the material outlet 105 of the crusher 1, the conveying device 2 adopts a conveying belt device commonly used in the art, which is used to convey the crushed material to a drying machine 3 for drying.

[0029] The drying machine 3 adopts a low-temperature drying device, which is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. The humidity sensor is used to monitor the water content of the waste in real time during the drying process. When the water content is reduced to below 10%, the drying is stopped, and the dried waste is taken out. The dried material is transferred to an enzymatic extraction device through a transfer device. The transfer device adopts a transfer trolley 4, and a transfer box 401 is arranged on the transfer trolley 4. The dried material is directly placed in the transfer box 401 during transfer.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3 The enzymatic extraction device comprises a reaction kettle 5, the reaction kettle 5 is provided with a feed inlet 501, a discharge outlet 502, a stirring device 503, and a pH detection device 504. The discharge outlet 502 is connected to a separation unit through a pipeline, and the pH detection device 504 is arranged to detect the pH value of the liquid in the reaction kettle 5. The reaction kettle 5 is provided with a solution adding device and an enzyme adding device above the reaction kettle 5, which are used to add liquid and enzymes to the reaction kettle 5. The reaction kettle 5 itself is also provided with a heating device, a temperature control device, and a support leg 505 arranged at the bottom, which are all conventional technical means in the art.

[0031] The solution adding device comprises two liquid storage tanks 12, a support frame 13 is fixed on the upper side wall of the reaction kettle 5, the two liquid storage tanks 12 are fixed on the support frame 13, the liquid outlets at the bottoms of the two liquid storage tanks 12 are located above the reaction kettle 5, the two liquid storage tanks 12 respectively contain buffer solution and extractant, the bottoms of each liquid storage tank 12 are respectively connected with the reaction kettle 5 through an adding pipe 14, a flow meter 15 and an electromagnetic valve 16 are arranged on the adding pipe 14, and a liquid level sensor 17 is arranged on the liquid storage tank 12. A switchable tank cover 1201 is arranged at the liquid inlet at the top of the liquid storage tank 12.

[0032] The enzyme adding device comprises an automatic weighing and discharging machine 19, a support frame is installed on the top of the reaction kettle 5, the automatic weighing and discharging machine 19 is installed on the support frame, a feeding bin 18 in communication with the automatic weighing and discharging machine 19 is arranged at the top end of the automatic weighing and discharging machine 19, a switchable bin cover 1801 is arranged at the top of the feeding bin 18, and a discharging outlet of the automatic weighing and discharging machine 19 is connected with the reaction kettle 5 through a discharging pipe 20, and an automatic discharging valve 21 is arranged on the discharging pipe 20.

[0033] The separation unit comprises a centrifugal device 6 and a filtering device 7, a feeding inlet of the centrifugal device 6 is connected with a discharging outlet 502 of the reaction kettle 5 through a pipeline, a discharging outlet of the centrifugal device 6 is connected with the filtering device 7 through a pipeline, and a discharging outlet of the filtering device 7 is connected with the rectifying tower 8 through a pipeline. The centrifugal device 6 is selected from a high-speed large-capacity model, and the nicotine-containing extract liquid in the mixture after enzymatic hydrolysis is separated out by using the strong centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation. The filtering device 7 adopts a plurality of filter screens with different pore sizes, and the extract liquid after centrifugation is finely filtered again to further remove small impurities, so as to provide high-quality raw materials for subsequent rectification.

[0034] The rectifying tower 8 is made of stainless steel, and a plurality of high-efficiency rectification fillers such as stainless steel wire mesh corrugated fillers are arranged in the tower body. The rectifying fillers have large specific surface area and high mass transfer efficiency, and can effectively promote the full contact and separation of gas-liquid two phases. The tower kettle is provided with a high-precision electric heating device, the heating power can be accurately controlled, and the temperature of the tower kettle can be accurately controlled in the range of 120-150 ℃. A total condenser and a partial condenser are arranged at the top of the tower. The total condenser is cooled by circulating water to ensure that the steam at the top of the tower is completely condensed and returns. The partial condenser can accurately control the temperature at the top of the tower to be 80-100 ℃ by adjusting the flow of refrigerant, and the reflux ratio is adjusted by a reflux ratio adjusting valve. According to the composition of the distillate liquid monitored in real time, the reflux ratio is accurately controlled to be 2-5, the efficient separation of nicotine and impurities is realized, and nicotine extract liquid with high purity is obtained.

[0035] The discharging outlet of the rectifying tower 8 is connected with a nicotine storage tank 9 through a pipeline, and the nicotine extract liquid with high purity after rectification and detection is stored.

[0036] The connecting pipes in the embodiment are respectively provided with corresponding conveying pumps 10 and valves, and the conveying pumps 10 and the valves are conventional technical means in the field, and a controller 11 for controlling the devices, the valves, the conveying pumps, the sensors and the detection devices is also provided, the controller 11 is a PLC programmable controller, and automation control is achieved to facilitate operation.

[0037] The method for resource utilization of tobacco waste by using the device is as follows:

[0038] S1. The tobacco waste is classified, and the classified tobacco stems and axillary buds are sent into the pulverizer 1, and the pulverization particle size is 1-5 mm;

[0039] S2. The pulverized material is transported to the drying machine 3 by the conveying device 2, low-temperature drying is performed at 40-60°C, the water content of the waste in the drying process is monitored in real time by the humidity sensor, when the water content in the material is reduced to below 10%, the drying is stopped, and the dried material is taken out.

[0040] S3. The dried material is weighed according to the proportion, transferred to the reaction kettle 5 by the transfer trolley 4, a buffer solution (the buffer solution is a phosphoric acid buffer solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L, in which potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.08 mol / L and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 0.06 mol / L) is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the solution adding device, when the pH detection device 504 detects that the pH value of the liquid is 4-6, a mixture of cellulase and pectinase is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the enzyme adding device, the stirring device 503 is started, and stirring is performed for 120-180 minutes, while the reaction temperature is controlled at 40-50°C by the temperature control system, so that the enzyme and the waste are fully mixed to perform efficient enzymolysis; the mass ratio of the added mixture of cellulase and pectinase to the waste in the reaction kettle 5 is 1:50-1:200; the mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 1:1-1:5; and the enzymolysis time is 2-4 hours.

[0041] S4. After the enzymolysis is completed, an extractant is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the solution adding device for extraction, after the extraction is completed, the liquid is transported to the centrifugal device 6 to separate the extractant, and then the extractant is transported to the filtering device 7 to be filtered to obtain a crude nicotine extract; the extractant is an ethanol-water mixed solution, the volume ratio of the ethanol-water mixed solution is 6:4, the extraction temperature is 50-60°C, and the extraction time is 1-2 hours.

[0042] S5. The crude nicotine extract is transported to the rectifying column 8 for rectification, the top temperature is controlled at 80-100°C, the bottom temperature is controlled at 120-150°C, and the reflux ratio is controlled at 2-5, so that a high-purity nicotine extract is obtained, and the obtained nicotine extract is transported to the nicotine storage tank 9 for storage after being detected to be qualified.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] A tobacco waste resource utilization device, the device in the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, the difference is that the process parameters used in the specific operation process are different.

[0045] The specific process is as follows:

[0046] S1. The tobacco waste is classified, and the classified tobacco stems and axillary buds are sent into the pulverizer 1, and the pulverizing particle size is 3 mm;

[0047] S2. The pulverized material is transported to the drying machine 3 by the conveying device 2, and low-temperature drying is carried out at 55℃, and the moisture content of the waste in the drying process is monitored in real time by the humidity sensor, and when the moisture content in the material is reduced to 5%, the drying is stopped, and the dried material is taken out.

[0048] S3. The dried material is weighed according to the proportion, transferred to the reaction kettle 5 by the transfer trolley 4, and a buffer solution is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the solution adding device to adjust (the buffer solution uses a phosphoric acid buffer solution with a concentration of 0.2 mol / L, in which potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.08 mol / L and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate is 0.06 mol / L), when the pH detection device 504 detects that the pH value of the liquid is 5.5, a mixture of cellulase and pectinase is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the enzyme adding device, the stirring device 503 is started, and stirring is carried out for 180 minutes, while the reaction temperature is controlled at 45℃ by the temperature control system, so that the enzyme and the waste are fully mixed and high-efficiency enzymolysis is carried out; The mass ratio of the added mixture of cellulase and pectinase to the material in the reaction kettle 5 is 1:100, the mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase in the mixture is 1:3, and the enzymolysis time is 3 hours.

[0049] S4. After the enzymolysis is completed, an extractant is added to the reaction kettle 5 by the solution adding device for extraction, after the extraction is completed, the liquid is transported to the centrifugal device 6 to separate the extractant, and then the extractant is transported to the filtering device 7 to filter, to obtain a crude nicotine extract; the extractant is an ethanol-water mixed solution, the volume ratio of the ethanol-water mixed solution is 6:4, the extraction temperature is 60℃, and the extraction time is 2 hours.

[0050] S5. The nicotine crude extract is transported to the rectifying column 8 for rectification, the top temperature is controlled at 90℃, the bottom temperature is controlled at 120℃, and the reflux ratio is controlled at 3, to obtain a high-purity nicotine extract, and the purity is 98% after detection, and the obtained nicotine extract is transported to the nicotine storage tank 9 for storage.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] A tobacco waste resource utilization device, the device in the embodiment is consistent with that in embodiment 2, and the difference lies in that: in the specific operation process, the mass ratio of the mixture of cellulase and pectinase added in step S3 to the material added in the reaction kettle 5 is 1:80, and the mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase in the mixture is 1:5.

[0053] The purity of the nicotine extract liquid obtained by using the above process parameters is 96%.

[0054] Embodiment 4

[0055] A tobacco waste resource utilization device, the device in the embodiment is consistent with that in embodiment 2, and the difference lies in that: in the specific operation process, the mass ratio of the mixture of cellulase and pectinase added in step S3 to the material added in the reaction kettle 5 is 1:200, and the mass ratio of cellulase to pectinase in the mixture is 1:1.

[0056] The purity of the nicotine extract liquid obtained by using the above process parameters is 95%.

[0057] The tobacco waste resource utilization device provided by the utility model obtains high-purity nicotine extract liquid through the cooperative operation of various devices, the tobacco waste is crushed to a suitable particle size by the crusher, which provides a uniform and easily reacted material basis for the subsequent extraction process, the enzymatic hydrolysis extraction unit uses cellulase and pectinase for extraction, the purity of the extracted nicotine is higher compared with the traditional nicotine extraction mode, the separation unit combines centrifugal separation and multi-layer filtration, on the one hand, effectively intercepts impurities, avoids the influence of the impurities on the subsequent process and the quality of the finished product, on the other hand, realizes high-precision separation of solid residues and extract liquid, finally, the nicotine extract liquid with a purity of more than 95% can be obtained through rectification, which meets the demand of high-end fields such as medicine and fine chemical industry for high-purity nicotine, greatly expands the added value and market application range of the tobacco waste resource utilization product.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, and not to limit them; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for the resource utilization of tobacco waste, characterized in that, Includes a pulverizer (1), a dryer (3), an enzymatic extraction device, a separation unit, and a distillation column (8); The discharge port of the pulverizer (1) is provided with a conveying device (2), which transports the pulverized material to the dryer (3). The dryer (3) is equipped with a transfer device at the discharge port, and the dried material is transported to the enzymatic extraction device using the transfer device. The enzymatic extraction device includes a reaction vessel (5), which is provided with a feed inlet (501), a discharge outlet (502), a solution addition device, and an enzyme addition device. The discharge outlet (502) of the reaction vessel (5) is connected to the separation unit through a pipe. The discharge outlet of the separation unit is connected to the distillation column (8) through a pipe.

2. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation unit includes a centrifuge device (6) and a filter device (7). The inlet of the centrifuge device (6) is connected to the outlet (502) of the reactor (5) through a pipe. The outlet of the centrifuge device (6) is connected to the filter device (7) through a pipe. The outlet of the filter device (7) is connected to the distillation column (8) through a pipe.

3. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a nicotine storage tank (9), and the outlet of the distillation column (8) is connected to the nicotine storage tank (9) via a pipeline.

4. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a controller (11) connected to the pulverizer (1), the conveying device (2), the dryer (3), the separation unit, and the distillation column (8).

5. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crusher (1) includes a crushing chamber (101), a feed hopper (102) is provided at the feed inlet of the crushing chamber (101), a roller (103) is installed inside the crushing chamber (101), a plurality of crushing blades (104) are spaced apart along the length of the roller (103), a vibrating screen (106) is provided below the roller (103), and a material outlet (105) is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber (101).

6. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution addition device includes two storage tanks (12) located above the reactor (5). The bottom of each storage tank (12) is connected to the reactor (5) via an addition pipe (14). The addition pipe (14) is equipped with a flow meter (15) and a solenoid valve (16). The storage tank (12) is equipped with a liquid level sensor (17).

7. The tobacco waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enzyme addition device includes an automatic weighing and feeding machine (19), the top of which is provided with a feeding hopper (18), and the outlet of the automatic weighing and feeding machine (19) is connected to the reaction vessel (5) through a discharge pipe (20). An automatic feeding valve (21) is provided on the discharge pipe (20); the reaction vessel (5) is provided with a pH detection device (504).

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