Ammonium nitrate crushing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an ammonium nitrate crushing device which comprises a conveyor and an outer cover, a plurality of rolling and shattering mechanisms are arranged at the inner top of the outer cover, each rolling and shattering mechanism comprises a fixed frame and a movable frame, the fixed frame is arranged at the inner top of the outer cover, a vertical guide column is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the movable frame is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame. Vertical guide grooves matched with the vertical guide columns are formed in the movable frame, a plurality of tension springs are connected between the fixed frame and the movable frame, the tension springs are vertically arranged and are parallel to the vertical guide columns, a horizontal shaft is arranged at the lower end of the fixed frame, the horizontal shaft is in transmission connection with a driving motor through a belt wheel, an eccentric wheel is arranged in the middle of the horizontal shaft, and the eccentric wheel is in transmission connection with the driving motor through a belt wheel. The upper end of the movable frame is provided with a roller abutting against the eccentric wheel, and the lower end of the movable frame is provided with a horizontal pressing roller. According to the rolling and shattering mechanism, the movable frame is driven by the eccentric wheel to vibrate up and down, meanwhile, ammonium nitrate is rolled by the horizontal compression roller, hardened ammonium nitrate can be quickly crushed by combining the dual functions of vibration and rolling, and the crushing efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ammonium nitrate processing technology, and in particular to an ammonium nitrate crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] Ammonium nitrate is a major raw material for industrial explosives, widely used in mining, construction, and national defense. However, solid ammonium nitrate has an inherent tendency to clump, especially during storage and transportation. It is prone to clumping when exposed to moisture or pressure, with powdered ammonium nitrate exhibiting a clumping rate as high as 100%. Clumped ammonium nitrate needs to be crushed during the production of industrial explosives to meet the requirements of subsequent processes.

[0003] In the existing technology, the methods and equipment for crushing ammonium nitrate are relatively limited. Traditional manual crushing methods, mainly through hammering or simple mechanical operations, are difficult to quickly and thoroughly break up agglomerated ammonium nitrate, especially for severely caking or damp ammonium nitrate, resulting in unsatisfactory crushing effects and low production efficiency. In addition, manual operation makes it difficult to ensure the uniformity and stability of crushing, further affecting the quality of subsequent processes. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a device that can efficiently break up agglomerated ammonium nitrate.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: an ammonium nitrate crushing device, including a conveyor and an outer cover. Multiple roller crushing mechanisms are arranged on the inner top of the outer cover, each including a fixed frame and a movable frame. The fixed frame is located on the inner top of the outer cover, and a vertical guide post is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame. A vertical guide groove adapted to the vertical guide post is opened on the movable frame. Several tension springs are connected between the fixed frame and the movable frame. The tension springs are vertically arranged and parallel to the vertical guide post. A horizontal shaft is provided at the lower end of the fixed frame. The horizontal shaft is connected to a drive motor via a pulley. An eccentric wheel is provided in the middle of the horizontal shaft. A roller abutting against the eccentric wheel is provided at the upper end of the movable frame, and a horizontal pressure roller is provided at the lower end. The horizontal shaft and the horizontal pressure roller are connected via a transmission mechanism.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the transmission mechanism includes a vertical shaft, with a first conical wheel and a second conical wheel respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft. A spline is formed at the lower end of the vertical shaft. The first conical wheel is fixedly connected to the vertical shaft, and the second conical wheel is splinedly connected to the vertical shaft. The first conical wheel is mounted on one side of the fixed frame via a gear frame, and the second conical wheel is mounted on one side of the movable frame via a gear frame. A third conical wheel that meshes with the first conical wheel is provided on the horizontal shaft, and a fourth conical wheel that meshes with the second conical wheel is provided at one end of the horizontal pressure roller.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the transmission mechanism is a tensioning wheel, with one pulley of the tensioning wheel located at one end of a horizontal shaft and the other pulley located at one end of a horizontal pressure roller.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the horizontal pressure roller is a wooden rod structure.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, it also includes a guide ejector plate and a bag-breaking knife. The guide ejector plate is set at the discharge end of the conveyor and connected to it. The guide ejector plate is a stainless steel plate with a smooth surface. A square through hole is opened in the middle of the guide ejector plate along the discharge direction. The blade of the bag-breaking knife extends upward along the square through hole.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the bag-breaking knife includes a connecting arm I, a motor frame, a motor, and a rotating blade. One end of the connecting arm I is fixed on the frame of the conveyor, and the other end is provided with the motor frame. The motor is provided on the motor frame, and the rotating blade is provided on the motor and corresponds to the square through hole.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the bag-breaking knife includes a connecting arm II, a screw and a rhomboid blade. The connecting arm II is fixed on the frame of the conveyor. Multiple screws are fixed at the upper end of the connecting arm II. The rhomboid blade is provided with a through hole adapted to the screw. The rhomboid blade is installed on the screw and fixed by a nut.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upper end of the guide ejector plate is hinged to the frame of the conveyor via a pin, and the lower end rests on a long shaft. Tube sleeves are movably provided at both ends of the long shaft. A flat key is axially provided on the outer wall of the tube sleeve. A vertical groove is provided on the frame of the conveyor to allow the long shaft to move up and down. A keyway for the flat key is provided at the upper end of the vertical groove. The vertical groove and the keyway are respectively adapted to the tube sleeve and the flat key. When the long shaft moves to the upper end of the vertical groove, the flat key can be inserted into the keyway.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The roller crushing mechanism of this utility model drives the movable frame to vibrate up and down through an eccentric wheel, while the horizontal pressure roller crushes the ammonium nitrate. The combination of vibration and roller crushing can quickly crush the hardened ammonium nitrate and significantly improve the crushing efficiency.

[0015] In addition, multiple roller crushing mechanisms are connected by belt pulleys to achieve synchronous operation, which further improves the uniformity and efficiency of crushing. The conveyor automatically delivers ammonium nitrate, and the roller crushing mechanism is automatically operated by a drive motor, eliminating the need for manual intervention and reducing labor intensity and production costs.

[0016] 2. The transmission mechanism of this utility model can not only realize the rotation of the horizontal pressure roller, but also adapt to the up and down vibration of the movable frame, so as to avoid interruption or failure of power transmission.

[0017] 3. This utility model uses a horizontal pressure roller made of wood, which can reduce friction with ammonium nitrate and prevent material from adhering to the roller surface. The good flexibility of wood can protect the particle structure of ammonium nitrate during the crushing process and prevent over-crushing.

[0018] 4. The guide plate of this utility model has a smooth surface, which can quickly guide the crushed ammonium nitrate to be discharged, avoiding material accumulation. The blade of the bag-breaking knife extends through the square through hole, which can automatically cut open the ammonium nitrate packaging bag, realize bag breaking, reduce manual operation, and improve production efficiency.

[0019] 5. The guide ejector plate of this utility model is hinged by a pin, which can adjust the tilt angle according to actual needs and optimize the material discharge effect. Furthermore, it allows for the selection of whether a bag-breaking operation is required. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the roller crushing mechanism of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide ejector plate of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the bag-breaking knife in Embodiment 1 of this device.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the bag-breaking knife in Embodiment 2 of this device.

[0026] Among them: 1-Transmitter, 11-Vertical groove, 12-Keyway, 2-Outer cover, 3-Roller crushing mechanism, 31-Fixed frame, 32-Modible frame, 33-Vertical guide column, 34-Vertical guide groove, 35-Tension spring, 36-Horizontal shaft, 37-Eccentric wheel, 38-Roller, 39-Horizontal pressure roller, 4-Transmission mechanism, 41-Vertical shaft, 42-First conical wheel, 43-Second conical wheel, 44-Third conical wheel, 45-Fourth conical wheel, 5-Guide ejector plate, 51-Square through hole, 52-Pin, 53-Long shaft, 54-Tube sleeve, 55-Flat key, 6-Bag breaking knife, 61-Connecting arm I, 62-Motor frame, 63-Motor, 64-Rotating blade, 61'-Connecting arm II, 62'-Screw, 63'-Prism blade. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1-5 The ammonium nitrate crushing device shown includes a conveyor 1 and an outer cover 2 installed on the upper side of the conveyor 1. The outer cover 2 serves a protective function and has an inlet and an outlet, each equipped with protective curtains. Multiple roller crushing mechanisms 3 are installed on the inner top of the outer cover 2. Bagged ammonium nitrate is transferred to the conveyor 1. As the conveyor 1 starts, the ammonium nitrate enters the outer cover 2 and, upon passing through the multiple roller crushing mechanisms 3, the clumped ammonium nitrate is crushed through vibration and roller crushing. For details, refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 The roller crushing mechanism 3 includes a fixed frame 31 and a movable frame 32. The fixed frame 31 is located inside the top of the outer cover 2. A vertical guide post 33 is provided at the bottom of the fixed frame 31. A vertical guide groove 34 is provided at the top of the corresponding movable frame 32. The fixed frame 31 and the movable frame 32 are movably connected by the sliding engagement of the vertical guide post 33 and the vertical guide groove 34. In addition, several tension springs 35 are connected between the fixed frame 31 and the movable frame 32. The tension springs 35 are vertically arranged and parallel to the vertical guide post 33. Pull the fixed frame 31 and the movable frame 32 closer to each other. The lower end of the fixed frame 31 is provided with a horizontal shaft 36, and one end of the horizontal shaft 36 is provided with a pulley. The pulleys of two adjacent roller crushing mechanisms 3 are connected for transmission. One of the pulleys is connected to the drive motor. An eccentric wheel 37 is provided in the middle of the horizontal shaft 36. The upper end of the movable frame 32 is provided with a roller 38 that abuts against the eccentric wheel 37. The lower end of the movable frame 32 is provided with a horizontal pressure roller 39, which is preferably made of wood.

[0030] The horizontal shaft 36 and the horizontal pressure roller 39 are connected by a transmission mechanism 4. The drive motor drives the horizontal shaft 36 to rotate through the pulley. As the eccentric wheel 37 rotates synchronously, the distance between it and the roller 38 changes accordingly, thereby driving the movable frame 32 and the horizontal pressure roller 39 to move downward. With the help of the tension spring 35, the horizontal pressure roller 39 can move up and down back and forth, thus realizing the up and down reciprocating vibration and pressure on the ammonium nitrate bag.

[0031] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 4 includes a vertical shaft 41, a first conical wheel 42 is provided at the upper end of the vertical shaft 41, a second conical wheel 43 is provided at the lower end of the vertical shaft 41, and a spline is formed at the lower end of the vertical shaft 41. The first conical wheel 42 is fixedly connected to the vertical shaft 41, and a spline sleeve is provided in the inner hole of the second conical wheel 43. The second conical wheel 43 is splined to the vertical shaft 41. The first conical wheel 42 is set on one side of the fixed frame 31 through a gear frame, and the second conical wheel 43 is set on one side of the movable frame 32 through a gear frame. A third conical wheel 44 that meshes with the first conical wheel 42 is provided on the horizontal shaft 36, and a fourth conical wheel 45 that meshes with the second conical wheel 43 is provided at one end of the horizontal pressure roller 39.

[0032] When the horizontal shaft 36 rotates, it drives the vertical shaft 41 to rotate through the transmission of the third cone wheel 44 and the first cone wheel 42. At the same time, it drives the horizontal pressure roller 39 to rotate through the transmission of the second cone wheel 43 and the fourth cone wheel 45. When the horizontal pressure roller 39 rotates, it will roll and press the ammonium nitrate bag passing under it. Combined with the up-and-down reciprocating vibration, the sodium nitrate can be broken down efficiently.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism 4 can also use a tensioning wheel structure (not shown in the figure) or a ball spline structure (not shown in the figure). Taking the tensioning wheel as an example, one of the pulleys of the tensioning wheel is located at one end of the horizontal shaft 36, and the other pulley is located at one end of the horizontal pressure roller 39. The transmission form of the transmission mechanism 4 can satisfy the power transmission between the horizontal shaft 36 and the horizontal pressure roller 39, while also ensuring that the power is not interrupted when the horizontal pressure roller 39 moves up and down.

[0034] like Figure 3 The ammonium nitrate crushing mechanism further includes a guide ejector plate 5 and a bag-breaking knife 6. The guide ejector plate 5 is located at and connected to the discharge end of the conveyor 1. The guide ejector plate 5 is made of smooth stainless steel. A square through-hole 51 is formed in the middle of the guide ejector plate 5 along the discharge direction. The blade of the bag-breaking knife 6 extends upward along the square through-hole 51. The ammonium nitrate bag is transferred from the discharge end of the conveyor 1 to the guide ejector plate 5. According to production practice, after crushing, the ammonium nitrate generally needs to enter the processing stage. At this time, the packaging bag needs to be removed to extract the ammonium nitrate raw material for use, i.e., bag breaking. As the ammonium nitrate bag slides down the guide ejector plate 5, the bag-breaking knife 6 extending from the square through-hole 51 cuts through the packaging bag, thereby releasing the solid ammonium nitrate raw material.

[0035] refer to Figure 5 The bag-breaking knife 6 specifically includes a connecting arm I 61, a motor frame 62, a motor 63, and a rotating blade 64. One end of the connecting arm I 61 is fixed on the frame of the conveyor 1, and the other end is provided with the motor frame 62. The motor 63 is provided on the motor frame 62, and the rotating blade 64 is provided on the motor 63 and corresponds to the square through hole 51.

[0036] Depending on the processing requirements, some crushing processes do not require bag breaking. Removing the cutting tools in such cases would be somewhat cumbersome. Therefore, the inventors improved the guide ejector plate 5. Based on the above, the upper end of the guide ejector plate 5 is hinged to the frame of the conveyor 1 via a pin 52, and the lower end rests on a long shaft 53. By adjusting the height of the long shaft 53, the inclination of the guide ejector plate 5 can be adjusted. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The guide plate 5 with its dotted line structure, since the bag-breaking knife 6 is fixed on the frame of the conveyor 1, allows the highest point of the rotating blade 64 to be positioned below the square through hole 51 after adjusting the inclination of the guide plate 5. This prevents the bag-breaking knife 6 from contacting the packaging bag during unloading, thus preventing bag breaking. Specifically, sleeves 54 are movably mounted at both ends of the long shaft 53. A flat key 55 is axially provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 54, allowing the sleeve 54 to move axially along the long shaft 53. (See reference...) Figure 4 The frame of the transmission machine 1 is provided with a vertical groove 11 that allows the long shaft 53 to move up and down. The upper end of the vertical groove 11 is provided with a keyway 12 adapted to the flat key 55. The vertical groove 11 and the keyway 12 are respectively adapted to the sleeve 54 and the flat key 55. When the long shaft 53 moves to the upper end of the vertical groove 11, the flat key 55 can be inserted into the keyway 12 to lock it.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] refer to Figure 6 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that the bag-breaking knife in this embodiment is composed of a connecting arm II 61', a screw 62', and a rhomboid blade 63'. The connecting arm II 61' is fixed on the frame of the conveyor 1, and multiple screws 62' are fixed on the upper end of the connecting arm II 61'. The rhomboid blade 63' is provided with through holes that are adapted to the screws 62'. The rhomboid blade is installed on the screws 62' and fixed with nuts.

[0039] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications, improvements, and substitutions without departing from the inventive concept, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ammonium nitrate breaking device comprising a conveyor (1) and a housing (2), characterized in that, The inner top of the cover (2) is provided with a plurality of roll pressing and crushing mechanisms (3), which comprise a fixed frame (31) and a movable frame (32), the fixed frame (31) is arranged on the inner top of the cover (2), the bottom of the fixed frame (31) is provided with a vertical guide column (33), the movable frame (32) is provided with a vertical guide groove (34) matched with the vertical guide column (33), a plurality of tension springs (35) are connected between the fixed frame (31) and the movable frame (32), the tension springs (35) are vertically arranged and parallel to the vertical guide column (33), the lower end of the fixed frame (31) is provided with a horizontal shaft (36), the horizontal shaft (36) is drivingly connected with a driving motor through a belt pulley, the middle of the horizontal shaft (36) is provided with an eccentric wheel (37), the upper end of the movable frame (32) is provided with a roller (38) abutting against the eccentric wheel (37), the lower end of the movable frame (32) is provided with a horizontal pressing roller (39), and the horizontal shaft (36) and the horizontal pressing roller (39) are drivingly connected through a transmission mechanism (4).

2. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 1, wherein, The transmission mechanism (4) comprises a vertical shaft (41), the upper and lower ends of the vertical shaft (41) are respectively provided with a first bevel gear (42) and a second bevel gear (43), the lower end of the vertical shaft (41) is formed with a spline, the first bevel gear (42) is fixedly connected with the vertical shaft (41), the second bevel gear (43) is spline-connected with the vertical shaft (41), the first bevel gear (42) is arranged on one side of the fixed frame (31) through a gear frame, the second bevel gear (43) is arranged on one side of the movable frame (32) through a gear frame, the horizontal shaft (36) is provided with a third bevel gear (44) meshing with the first bevel gear (42), and one end of the horizontal pressing roller (39) is provided with a fourth bevel gear (45) meshing with the second bevel gear (43).

3. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 1, wherein, The transmission mechanism (4) is a tension pulley, one of the pulleys of the tension pulley is arranged at one end of the horizontal shaft (36), and the other pulley is arranged at one end of the horizontal pressing roller (39).

4. The ammonium nitrate breaking device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The horizontal pressing roller (39) is a wooden stick structure.

5. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 4, wherein, The horizontal pressing roller (39) is a wooden stick structure.

6. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising a guide material returning plate (5) and a bag breaking knife (6), the guide material returning plate (5) is arranged at the discharging end of the conveyor (1) and is connected with the conveyor (1), the guide material returning plate (5) is a smooth stainless steel plate, a square through hole (51) is formed in the middle of the guide material returning plate (5) along the discharging direction, and the head of the bag breaking knife (6) extends upward along the square through hole (51). The bag breaking knife (6) comprises a connecting arm I (61), a motor frame (62), a motor (63) and a rotating blade (64), one end of the connecting arm I (61) is fixedly arranged on the frame of the conveyor (1), the other end is provided with the motor frame (62), the motor (63) is arranged on the motor frame (62), and the rotating blade (64) is arranged on the motor (63) and corresponds to the square through hole (51).

7. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 5, wherein, The bag breaking knife (6) comprises a connecting arm II (61'), a screw rod (62') and a prismatic blade (63'), the connecting arm II (61') is fixed on the frame of the conveyor (1), a plurality of screw rods (62') are fixed on the upper end of the connecting arm II (61'), the prismatic blade (63') is provided with a through hole matched with the screw rod (62'), the prismatic blade is installed on the screw rod (62') and is fixed by a nut.

8. The ammonium nitrate breaking device of claim 6 or 7, wherein, The upper end of the guiding material returning plate (5) is hinged to the frame of the conveyor (1) through a pin shaft (52), the lower end is arranged on an elongated shaft (53), the two ends of the elongated shaft (53) are movably provided with a pipe sleeve (54), the outer side wall of the pipe sleeve (54) is axially provided with a flat key (55), the frame of the conveyor (1) is provided with a vertical long slot (11) allowing the elongated shaft (53) to move up and down, the upper end of the vertical long slot (11) is provided with a key groove (12) matched with the flat key (55), the vertical long slot (11) and the key groove (12) are respectively matched with the pipe sleeve (54) and the flat key (55), when the elongated shaft (53) moves to the upper end of the vertical long slot (11), the flat key (55) can be inserted into the key groove (12).

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