Tunnel construction trolley

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction trolley which is characterized in that a trolley body comprises a lower layer rack, a middle layer rack, an upper layer rack, a trolley bracket and a vertical frame trolley which are sequentially connected from bottom to top to form a five-layer structure; any one of the middle-layer rack, the upper-layer rack and the trolley bracket can move along the longitudinal direction relative to the respective next layer, and any one layer can move to the front end extending out of the next layer; rock drills are arranged on the lower-layer rack, the middle-layer rack and the upper-layer rack; the vertical frame trolley can longitudinally move between the front end and the rear end of the trolley bracket; the vertical frame trolley can bear and jack the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel; an arch frame lifting device is arranged at the rear end of the lower-layer rack and used for lifting the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring the top arch frame to the vertical frame trolley; the trolley disclosed by the utility model can be used for drilling and top arch frame erecting operation in three-step construction, so that the manual operation is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is higher; and the drilling machine is also suitable for micro-step and full-section drilling and top arch frame erecting operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and specifically to a tunnel construction trolley. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, during tunnel excavation and support construction, drilling and arch frame erection are typically accomplished using a three-arm rock drilling rig and a three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine, respectively. However, the three-arm rock drilling rig and the three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine are only applicable to full-section and micro-step construction methods for tunnels. When the surrounding rock of the tunnel changes abruptly and can only be constructed using the three-step method, the three-arm rock drilling rig and the three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine cannot be used, and manual drilling and frame erection operations must be performed, resulting in low construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel construction trolley to address the problem that existing three-arm rock drilling rigs and three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines are not suitable for tunnel three-stage construction methods and can only be used for manual drilling and frame erection, resulting in low construction efficiency.

[0004] This utility model provides a tunnel construction trolley, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel construction trolley includes a trolley body, which comprises a lower trolley, a middle trolley, an upper trolley, a trolley bracket, and a vertical support trolley connected sequentially from bottom to top, forming a five-layer structure. Any one of the middle trolley, upper trolley, and trolley bracket can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and any one layer can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer. Rock drills are installed on the lower trolley, middle trolley, and upper trolley. The vertical support trolley can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket. The vertical support trolley can carry and lift the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel. The rear end of the lower trolley is provided with an arch frame lifting device, which is used to lift the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the vertical support trolley.

[0006] The present invention, employing the aforementioned technical solution, sets the trolley body as a multi-layer structure. During drilling construction using the three-stage tunnel method, the trolley is positioned at the tunnel face. The middle-layer trolley moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower-layer trolley to above the lower step. The upper-layer trolley and the trolley bracket simultaneously move and extend beyond the front end of the middle-layer trolley to above the lower step. The rock drill on the lower-layer trolley drills the lower step hole, the rock drill on the middle-layer trolley drills the middle step hole, and the rock drill on the upper-layer trolley drills the upper step hole, thus completing the drilling operation. During frame erection, the top arch frame is lifted from the tunnel bottom and transferred to the frame erection trolley using an arch frame lifting device. The middle-layer trolley moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower-layer trolley to above the lower step, the upper-layer trolley moves and extends beyond the front end of the middle-layer trolley to above the lower step, the trolley bracket moves and extends beyond the front end of the upper-layer trolley to above the middle step, and the frame erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. The frame erection trolley then lifts the top arch frame to the tunnel top, thus completing the top arch frame construction.

[0007] Furthermore, this construction trolley is also applicable when constructing tunnels using the micro-step or full-face method. When drilling using the micro-step method, the trolley is positioned at the tunnel face, and the middle-layer trolley, upper-layer trolley, and trolley support move synchronously to extend the front end of the lower-layer trolley to above the lower bench. The rock drill on the lower-layer trolley drills the lower bench hole, while the rock drills on the middle-layer trolley and upper-layer bench drill the micro-step hole. When erecting the frame, the top arch frame is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley using the arch frame lifting device. The middle-layer trolley moves to extend the front end of the lower-layer trolley to above the lower bench, and the upper-layer trolley and trolley support move synchronously to extend the front end of the middle-layer trolley to above the lower bench. The erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley support, and then the erection trolley lifts the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0008] When drilling using the full-face drilling method, none of the layers protrude, allowing the trolley to be positioned at the tunnel face. Rock drills on the lower, middle, and upper benches drill full-face holes. When erecting the frame, none of the layers protrude. The top arch frame is lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the frame erection trolley using an arch frame lifting device. The frame erection trolley moves to the front of the trolley bracket, and then the frame erection trolley lifts the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0009] When constructing a tunnel using the three-stage method, the distance between the lower and middle stage faces is relatively long. This extension is achieved through two layers of support structures: the middle layer and the upper layer. This arrangement, with the cooperation of the middle and upper layers, allows for a sufficiently long extension compared to the lower layer. Compared to a scheme where the middle and upper layers are designed as a single structure, the center of gravity of this structure is closer to the lower layer when extending the same distance, reducing the risk of the construction trolley tipping forward and improving the overall stability of the trolley structure.

[0010] Compared to existing technologies where three-arm drilling rigs and three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines are unsuitable for tunnel construction using the three-stage method, requiring manual drilling and frame erection, resulting in low construction efficiency, this utility model's construction rig can be used for drilling and top arch frame erection in tunnel construction using the three-stage method, significantly reducing manual drilling and frame erection operations and increasing construction efficiency. Furthermore, this construction rig is also suitable for drilling and top arch frame erection in micro-stage and full-section tunnels, and can switch between different usage modes according to the tunnel construction method (three-stage, micro-stage, or full-section), making it widely applicable. Compared to a scheme where the middle and upper rigs are set as a single integrated structure, this reduces the risk of the construction rig tipping forward and collapses, improving the overall stability of the rig structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the erection trolley includes two lifting crossbeams and two lifting longitudinal beams located between them. Each lifting longitudinal beam is equipped with multiple transport trolleys for the top arch frame. The two lifting crossbeams are driven to rise and fall by a first lifting cylinder at each end. Each lifting crossbeam is equipped with two carrying trolleys, and each end of the lifting longitudinal beam is supported by a carrying trolley. The top arch frame is placed on the transport trolleys of the two lifting longitudinal beams. The top arch frame can move with the transport trolleys on the lifting longitudinal beams to adjust its longitudinal position. The lifting longitudinal beams can move laterally with the carrying trolleys on the lifting crossbeams, thereby adjusting the lateral position of the top arch frame. After the longitudinal and lateral positions of the top arch frame are adjusted to the correct position, the first lifting cylinders drive the lifting crossbeams to rise, thereby lifting the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel.

[0012] Furthermore, the arch frame lifting device includes one arch frame lifting unit on each side of the rear end of the lower platform; each arch frame lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam, a translation longitudinal beam, a lifting longitudinal beam, a lifting device, at least two second lifting cylinders, and at least two vertical guide rails; the lower end of each guide rail is located at the bottom of the lower platform, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower platform; a lifting trolley is installed on each guide rail; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam is fixed to the lifting trolley, and the other end extends rearward out of the lower platform; a translation trolley is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam, and the translation longitudinal beam is fixed to the translation trolley; the lifting longitudinal beam is located inside the upper end of the guide rail and is driven to lift based on the second lifting cylinder located at the top of the lower platform; the lifting device is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam to lift. The arch frame lifting device with the above structure is used to lift the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the erection trolley. The specific steps are as follows: First, the two lifting longitudinal beams are lowered to the lower end of the guide rail by the lifting equipment. The translation longitudinal beam is moved to the rear end of the lifting longitudinal beam. Then, the top arch frame is placed on the two translation longitudinal beams. The lifting longitudinal beam is then raised to the upper end of the guide rail by the lifting equipment. The translation longitudinal beam is then moved to the front end of the lifting longitudinal beam. Then, the lifting longitudinal beam is raised by the second lifting cylinder. The top arch frame is raised to a higher height by the lifting longitudinal beam. After that, the erection trolley is moved to the bottom of the top arch frame on the trolley bracket. Then, the lifting longitudinal beam and the top arch frame are lowered by the second lifting cylinder. The top arch frame is then placed on the transport trolley.

[0013] Furthermore, the front sides of the lower platform, the front sides of the middle platform, the front sides of the upper platform, and the sides of the erection trolley are all equipped with a first lifting device and a first arch frame side-supporting mechanism; each of the first arch frame side-supporting mechanisms includes two first telescopic horizontal bars and a first vertical bar. The two first telescopic horizontal bars are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic horizontal bars all face outwards, and the telescopic ends are all hinged to the first vertical bar. According to the different positions of the side arch frame erection in the three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, different first lifting devices are selected to lift the corresponding side arch frame. Then, the first telescopic horizontal bars extend to drive the first vertical bar to press the side arch frame from the side until it is in place. After fixing, the side arch frame erection is completed.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower platform is equipped with a second lifting device and a second arch frame side-supporting mechanism on both sides of its rear end. Each of the second arch frame side-supporting mechanisms includes two second telescopic horizontal bars and a second longitudinal bar. The two second telescopic horizontal bars are set to the same height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic horizontal bars face outwards, and the telescopic ends are hinged to the second longitudinal bar. To further improve the construction efficiency of the side arch frame, a second lifting device and a second arch frame side-supporting mechanism are provided on both sides of the rear end of the lower platform. After the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame to the erection trolley, the second lifting device lifts the side arch frame adjacent to the top arch frame. The top arch frame is hoisted and supported by the side-support mechanism of the second arch frame. Then, the top arch frame is fixedly connected to the adjacent side arch frame. After that, the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frame move together with the erection trolley to the front end of the bracket. Finally, the erection trolley lifts the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frame into place. With this setup, only the side arch frame adjacent to the top arch frame needs to be transported to the end of the trolley, without having to be transported to the working face. The hoisting and side-support operation space at the end of the trolley is large, the operation is less difficult, and the movement with the erection trolley after being connected to the top arch frame is more stable and faster. Overall, it saves the erection time of the side arch frame and improves construction efficiency.

[0015] Furthermore, the lower, middle, and upper platforms are all equipped with longitudinal slide rails; a base is fixedly connected to the rock drill, and the base is slidably mounted on the slide rails; when drilling is being carried out, the rock drill is slid forward to bring it closer to the working face, making drilling easier; when drilling is not required, the rock drill is slid backward to avoid interfering with the construction of the support frame, charging equipment, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end of the middle platform, upper platform, trolley bracket, and upright trolley are each provided with at least two support legs, which can extend and retract vertically; by extending the support legs vertically and supporting them on the steps, support is formed for the middle platform, upper platform, trolley bracket, and upright trolley, ensuring the stability of the overall structure of the trolley.

[0017] This utility model also provides a construction method based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction trolley, which is used to perform drilling construction and top arch frame erection construction of the three-stage construction method.

[0018] During drilling, the trolley is located at the working face. The middle platform moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform to above the lower step. The upper platform and the trolley bracket move synchronously and extend beyond the front end of the middle platform to above the lower step. The rock drill on the lower platform drills the lower step hole, the rock drill on the middle platform drills the middle step hole, and the rock drill on the upper platform drills the upper step hole.

[0019] During the erection of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face. Multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley using the arch frame lifting device. The middle-layer frame moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower-layer frame to above the lower step, the upper-layer frame moves and extends beyond the front end of the middle-layer frame to above the lower step, the trolley bracket moves and extends beyond the front end of the upper-layer frame to above the middle step, and the erection trolley moves to the front end of the trolley bracket. Then, the erection trolley lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel. The multiple top arch frames are arranged at intervals and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh.

[0020] The above construction method can be used for drilling and erecting top arch frames in the three-stage tunnel construction method, which greatly reduces manual drilling and erection operations and improves construction efficiency. Moreover, it can complete the erection of multiple top arch frames at the same time. Compared with the existing three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine, each robotic arm can only grab one arch frame for installation at a time. This utility model greatly improves the installation efficiency. In addition, multiple top arch frames are connected into a whole by steel mesh, which facilitates overall movement and results in higher structural strength and stability after erection.

[0021] Furthermore, it is also used for the construction of the side arch frame erection in the three-stage construction method; including the steps of: lifting the side arch frame with the first lifting device, and placing the side arch frame into position by the first arch frame side-top mechanism; the auxiliary side arch frame erection construction is achieved in the above manner.

[0022] Furthermore, it is also used for the construction of side arch frames in the three-stage construction method; the steps include: after the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame to the frame erection trolley, the side arch frames adjacent to both sides of the top arch frame are lifted by the second lifting device and supported by the second arch frame side-supporting mechanism. Then, the top arch frame is fixedly connected to the adjacent side arch frames. After that, the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames move forward together with the frame erection trolley and are lifted into place by the frame erection trolley. The remaining side arch frames are lifted by the first lifting device and supported into place by the first arch frame side-supporting mechanism. Using the above-mentioned side arch frame erection construction method, it is only necessary to transport the side arch frames adjacent to the top arch frame to the end of the trolley, without having to transport them to the working face. The lifting and side-supporting operation space at the end of the trolley is large, the operation is less difficult, and the movement with the frame erection trolley after connection with the top arch frame is more stable and faster. Overall, it saves the erection time of the side arch frames and improves construction efficiency.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The construction trolley of this utility model can be used for drilling and top arch frame erection operations in the three-stage tunnel construction method, greatly reducing manual drilling and frame erection operations and improving construction efficiency; furthermore, this construction trolley is also applicable to drilling and top arch frame erection operations in micro-stage and full-section tunnels, and can switch its usage state accordingly based on the three-stage, micro-stage, and full-section tunnel construction methods, making it widely applicable; compared with the scheme of setting the middle and upper trolleys as a single structure, the structure of this construction trolley reduces the risk of forward tilting and collapse, and improves the overall stability of the trolley structure; it can also assist in the construction of side arch frame erection in the three-stage, micro-stage, and full-section tunnel construction methods; it can simultaneously complete the erection of multiple top arch frames, and compared with the existing three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machine where each robotic arm can only grab one arch frame for installation at a time, the installation efficiency of this utility model is greatly improved. Attached image description:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the frame trolley structure;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the trolley bracket structure;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper platform structure;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the middle-level platform structure;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower platform structure;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during drilling construction using the three-step drilling method;

[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the three-stage scaffolding method;

[0033] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during drilling construction using the micro-step method;

[0034] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the micro-step construction method;

[0035] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during full-section drilling construction;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the extension state of each layer of this utility model during the construction of the full-section scaffolding.

[0037] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Lower platform, 2-Middle platform, 3-Upper platform, 4-Trolley bracket, 5-Upright trolley, 6-Rock drill, 7-Lifting crossbeam, 8-Lifting longitudinal beam, 9-Transporting trolley, 10-First lifting cylinder, 11-Bearing trolley, 12-Lifting longitudinal beam, 13-Transferring longitudinal beam, 14-Lifting longitudinal beam, 15-Lifting equipment, 16-Second lifting cylinder, 17-Guide rail, 18-Lifting trolley, 19-Transferring trolley, 20-First telescopic crossbar, 21-First longitudinal bar, 22-Second lifting device, 23-Second telescopic crossbar, 24-Second longitudinal bar, 25-Slide rail, 26-Base, 27-Outrigger, 28-Sliding base, 29-Longitudinal beam. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0040] This utility model embodiment provides a tunnel construction trolley, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, a tunnel construction trolley includes a trolley body, which comprises a lower platform 1, a middle platform 2, an upper platform 3, a trolley bracket 4, and a vertical trolley 5 connected sequentially from bottom to top, forming a five-layer structure. Any one of the middle platform 2, the upper platform 3, and the trolley bracket 4 can move longitudinally relative to its lower layer, and any one layer can move to extend beyond the front end of the lower layer. A rock drill 6 is provided on each of the lower platform 1, the middle platform 2, and the upper platform 3. The vertical trolley 5 can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 4. The vertical trolley 5 can carry and lift the top arch frame to the top of the tunnel. The rear end of the lower platform 1 is provided with an arch frame lifting device, which is used to lift the top arch frame from the bottom of the tunnel and transfer it to the vertical trolley 5.

[0041] The upright trolley 5 can only move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket 4, and cannot extend beyond the front end of the trolley bracket 4; the relative movement between any two adjacent layers of the lower platform 1, middle platform 2, upper platform 3, trolley bracket 4, and upright trolley 5 is achieved in the following ways: multiple sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper layer, or multiple sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at the top of the lower layer, or multiple sliding bases 28 are fixedly provided at both the bottom of the upper layer and the top of the lower layer; the sliding bases 28 are slidably mounted on the longitudinal beams 29 of the adjacent layers, and the sliding bases 28 are equipped with rollers to reduce the friction when the two adjacent layers move relative to each other; By properly setting the position of the rollers, they can support gravity and provide a limiting function. The sliding base 28 has various structural forms. A preferred sliding base structure is as follows: it has a U-shaped groove with an upward or downward opening, a support roller on the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove, and limiting rollers on the two sides. The longitudinal beams 29 of the adjacent layers are embedded in the U-shaped groove. The power and driving method for the relative movement between the two adjacent layers are not limited, as long as they can achieve relative translation. For example, a hydraulic drive system, such as a hydraulic pusher, can be used, or an electric drive system, such as a motor + rack and pinion, can be used, or a combination of hydraulic and electric drive can be used.

[0042] The type of rock drill 6 is not limited, as long as it can perform drilling operations on the tunnel face. In this embodiment, it can be a stepping rock drill (a stepping rock drill is existing technology, a mechanized rock drilling device used in tunnel construction to replace manual rock drilling. It is constructed by setting a manual shoulder-mounted pneumatic rock drill on a guide rail. It can achieve automated rock drilling with stepping propulsion through simple industrial control technology). Preferably, it is the stepping rock drill in the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN111119746B of the applicant. It can also be a rock drill formed by connecting a universal arm to a stepping rock drill. The universal arm can realize the adjustment of the position and direction of the stepping rock drill under various working conditions. Preferably, it is the tunnel construction rock drill with authorization announcement number CN111155940B of the applicant.

[0043] The erecting trolley 5 includes two lifting crossbeams 7 and two lifting longitudinal beams 8 located between them. Each lifting longitudinal beam 8 is equipped with multiple transport trolleys 9 with top arch frames. The lifting crossbeams 7 are driven to lift based on a first lifting cylinder 10 at each end. Each lifting crossbeam 7 is equipped with two carrying trolleys 11, and each end of each lifting longitudinal beam 8 is supported by a carrying trolley 11.

[0044] The arch frame lifting device includes one arch frame lifting unit on each side of the rear end of the lower platform 1; each arch frame lifting unit includes a lifting longitudinal beam 12, a translation longitudinal beam 13, a lifting longitudinal beam 14, a lifting device 15, at least two second lifting cylinders 16, and at least two vertical guide rails 17; the lower end of any guide rail 17 is located at the bottom of the lower platform 1, and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower platform 1; a lifting trolley 18 is installed on any guide rail 17; one end of the lifting longitudinal beam 12 is fixed to the lifting trolley 18, and the other end extends rearward out of the lower platform 1; a translation trolley 19 is installed on the lifting longitudinal beam 12, and the translation longitudinal beam 13 is fixed to the translation trolley 14. On the trolley 19; the lifting longitudinal beam 14 is located on the inner side of the upper end of the guide rail 17 and is driven to lift based on the second lifting cylinder 16 located on the top of the lower platform 1; the lifting equipment 15 is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam 12 to lift; the specific type of the lifting equipment 15 is not limited, as long as it can drive the lifting longitudinal beam 12 to lift between the two ends of the guide rail 17. In this embodiment, the lifting equipment 15 is selected as a winch installed on the lower platform 1, which lifts the lifting longitudinal beam 12 by cooperating with pulleys; the movement of the translation longitudinal beam 13 on the lifting longitudinal beam 12 is completed manually, or a cylinder is set between the translation longitudinal beam 13 and the lifting longitudinal beam 12 to complete the movement.

[0045] The front sides of the lower platform 1, the front sides of the middle platform 2, the front sides of the upper platform 3, and the sides of the upright trolley 5 are all equipped with a first lifting device and a first arch frame side-supporting mechanism; any first arch frame side-supporting mechanism includes two first telescopic horizontal bars 20 and a first vertical bar 21. The two first telescopic horizontal bars 20 are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the first telescopic horizontal bars 20 are all facing outwards and are all hinged to the first vertical bar 21; the first lifting device can be a cantilever crane, winch, etc., which are not shown in the figure; a footboard is fixedly attached to the two first telescopic horizontal bars 20 of any first arch frame side-supporting mechanism to facilitate workers to stand;

[0046] The lower platform 1 is equipped with a second lifting device 22 and a second arch frame side top mechanism on both sides of its rear end. Each second arch frame side top mechanism includes two second telescopic crossbars 23 and a second longitudinal bar 24. The two second telescopic crossbars 23 are set to be of equal height and parallel to each other. The telescopic ends of the second telescopic crossbars 23 are all facing outwards and are hinged to the second longitudinal bar 24. The second lifting device 22 can be a cantilever crane, winch, etc. In this embodiment, a cantilever crane is selected. It is equipped with a 360° rotating base at the bottom, and its cantilever can be tilted, flipped, and extended and retracted along the length direction. A footboard is fixedly attached to the two second telescopic crossbars 23 of each second arch frame side top mechanism to facilitate workers to stand.

[0047] The lower platform 1, the middle platform 2, and the upper platform 3 are all equipped with longitudinal slide rails 25; a base 26 is fixedly connected to the rock drill 6, and the base 26 is slidably installed on the slide rails 25; the slide rails 25 are steel beams; the front ends of the slide rails 25 on the lower platform 1, the middle platform 2, and the upper platform 3 are respectively flush with the front ends of the lower platform 1, the middle platform 2, and the upper platform 3; the first arch frame side top mechanism of the lower platform 1 and the base 26 are both slidably installed on the slide rails 25 of the lower platform 1; when the rock drill 6 is selected as the tunnel construction rock drill of the applicant's authorization announcement number CN111155940B, the rear support of its universal arm is fixed on the base 26;

[0048] The front ends of the middle platform 2, upper platform 3, trolley bracket 4, and upright trolley 5 are each equipped with at least two support legs 27, which can extend and retract vertically; each of the first lifting cylinders 10 on the upright trolley 5 is connected to a support leg 27, resulting in two support legs 27 at both the front and rear ends of the upright trolley, thus providing more stable support during erection; the lower platform 1, middle platform 2, upper platform 3, and trolley bracket 4 are all steel frame structures, such as Figure 4 As shown, the trolley bracket 4 is horizontally U-shaped, with the opening facing rearward (i.e., towards the tunnel entrance), and includes two longitudinal beams 29 and one crossbeam. Each of the two longitudinal beams 29 has a support leg 27 at its front end; as... Figure 5 As shown, the upper platform 3 includes four horizontally spaced slide rails 25. A longitudinal beam 29 is provided between the two slide rails on the left, and another longitudinal beam 29 is provided between the two slide rails on the right. The four slide rails 25 and the two longitudinal beams 29 are connected by several crossbeams. A rock drill 6 is mounted on each slide rail 25. Figure 6 As shown, the middle-level platform 2 includes two horizontally spaced slide rails 25, with two longitudinal beams 29 between the two slide rails 25. The two slide rails 25 and the two longitudinal beams 29 are connected by several crossbeams. A rock drill 6 is mounted on each slide rail 25; Figure 7 As shown, the lower platform 1 has an arched structure with a passage at the bottom for personnel and vehicles to pass through. The bottom of the lower platform 1 is equipped with tires to facilitate the movement of the trolley. There are three slide rails 25 on one side of the lower platform 1 and two slide rails 25 on the other side. A rock drill 6 is installed on each slide rail 25.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a construction method based on the above-mentioned tunnel construction trolley, used for drilling construction, erection of top arch and side arch, and loading of explosives in the three-stage construction method;

[0050] like Figure 8As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face. The middle platform 2 moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step. The upper platform 3 and the trolley bracket 4 move synchronously and extend beyond the front end of the middle platform 2 to above the lower step. The rock drills 6 all move to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drills 6 on the lower platform 1 drill holes for the lower step, specifically, drill holes around the lower step and bottom holes. The rock drills 6 on the middle platform 2 drill holes for the middle step, specifically, drill holes around the middle step, auxiliary holes, and slotting holes. The rock drills 6 on the upper platform 3 drill holes for the upper step, specifically, drill holes around the upper step, auxiliary holes, and top holes.

[0051] like Figure 9 As shown, during the construction of the top arch frame, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, and the rock drills 6 are all located at the rear end of the slide rail 25. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 5 through the arch frame lifting device; the middle platform 2 moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower bench; the upper platform 3 moves and extends beyond the front end of the middle platform 2 to above the lower bench; the trolley bracket 4 moves and extends beyond the front end of the upper platform 3 to above the middle bench; the erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4, and then the erection trolley 5 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0052] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 9 As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by the first lifting device and then pushed into place by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the first arch frame side-top mechanism of the lower platform 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25 and cooperates with the first lifting device on the lower platform 1 for the erection of the side arch frame of the lower step. The first lifting device and the first arch frame side-top mechanism on the middle platform 2 and the upper platform 3 cooperate for the erection of the side arch frame of the middle step. The first lifting device and the first arch frame side-top mechanism on the erection trolley 5 cooperate for the erection of the side arch frame of the upper step. Workers manually load explosives on the lower step on the lower platform 1, manually load explosives on the middle step on the middle platform 2 and the upper platform 3, and manually load explosives on the upper step on the erection trolley 5 and / or the trolley bracket 4.

[0053] The construction of the side arch frame can also be carried out in another way: after the arch frame lifting device transfers the top arch frame to the frame erection trolley 5, the side arch frames adjacent to the top arch frame are lifted by the second lifting device and supported by the second arch frame side-top mechanism. Then, the top arch frame is fixedly connected to the adjacent side arch frames. After that, the top arch frame and the adjacent side arch frames move forward together with the frame erection trolley 5 and are lifted into place by the frame erection trolley 5. The remaining side arch frames are lifted by the first lifting device and supported into place by the first arch frame side-top mechanism.

[0054] This construction method is also used for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading explosives in the micro-step construction method;

[0055] like Figure 10 As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face. The middle platform 2, the upper platform 3, and the trolley bracket 4 move synchronously, extending from the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step. The rock drills 6 all move to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drills 6 on the lower platform 1 drill holes for the lower step, specifically, drill holes around the lower step and bottom holes. The rock drills 6 on the middle platform 2 and the upper platform 3 drill holes for micro-steps. Specifically, the rock drills 6 on the middle platform 2 drill holes around the sides of the micro-steps, auxiliary holes, and slotting holes, while the rock drills 6 on the upper platform 3 drill holes around the arch of the micro-steps, auxiliary holes, and top holes.

[0056] like Figure 11 As shown, when the top arch frame is being erected, the trolley is located at the tunnel face, and the rock drills 6 are all located at the rear end of the slide rail 25. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 5 through the arch frame lifting device. The middle platform 2 moves and extends beyond the front end of the lower platform 1 to above the lower step. The upper platform 3 and the trolley bracket 4 move synchronously and extend beyond the front end of the middle platform 2 to above the lower step. The erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4. Then the erection trolley 5 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0057] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 11 As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by the first lifting device and then pushed into place by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the first arch frame side-top mechanism of the lower platform 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25 and cooperates with the first lifting device on the lower platform 1 for the erection of the side arch frame of the lower step. The first lifting device and the first arch frame side-top mechanism on the middle platform 2 and the upper platform 3 cooperate for the erection of the side arch frame of the micro-step. Workers manually load explosives on the lower step on the lower platform 1 and manually load explosives on the micro-step on the middle platform 2 and the upper platform 3.

[0058] The side arch frame erection can also be carried out in another way, which is the same as the other way of side arch frame erection in the three-step construction method mentioned above, and will not be described again here.

[0059] This construction method is also used for drilling construction, erection of top and side arch frames, and loading of explosives in full-section construction.

[0060] like Figure 12 As shown, during drilling, the trolley is located at the working face, and the rock drills 6 are all moved to the front end of the slide rail 25. The rock drills 6 on the lower platform 1, the middle platform 2 and the upper step 3 drill full-section holes. Specifically, the rock drills 6 on the lower platform 1 drill holes around the arch foot and bottom holes, the rock drills 6 on the middle platform 2 drill holes around the sides of the arch waist, auxiliary holes and slotting holes, and the rock drills 6 on the upper step 3 drill holes around the arch top, auxiliary holes and top holes.

[0061] like Figure 13 As shown, when the top arch frame is erected, the trolley is located at the working face, and the rock drills 6 are all located at the rear end of the slide rail 25. The multiple top arch frames are lifted from the bottom of the tunnel and transferred to the erection trolley 5 through the arch frame lifting device. The erection trolley 5 moves to the front end of the trolley bracket 4, and then the erection trolley 5 lifts the multiple top arch frames to the top of the tunnel.

[0062] When constructing the side arch frame and loading explosives, maintain the aforementioned positional relationship between each layer as described during the construction of the top arch frame, i.e. Figure 13 As shown; during the construction of the side arch frame, the side arch frame is lifted by the first lifting device and the side arch frame is pushed into place by the first arch frame side-top mechanism. Specifically, the first arch frame side-top mechanism of the lower platform 1 moves to the front end of the slide rail 25. The first lifting device and the first arch frame side-top mechanism on the lower platform 1 and the middle step 2 cooperate to erect the side arch frame; workers manually load the explosives on the trolley.

[0063] During the construction of the top arch frame and side arch frame erection in the aforementioned three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, multiple top arch frames are arranged at intervals by the arch frame lifting device and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh. The side arch frames lifted by the first lifting device and the side arch frames adjacent to the top arch frames lifted by the second lifting device also adopt the structural form of multiple side arch frames arranged at intervals and connected as a whole by an arc-shaped steel mesh. During the drilling, top arch frame and side arch frame erection, and explosive loading construction in the aforementioned three-step, micro-step, and full-section construction methods, after each layer is moved into place, the outriggers 27 need to be extended to achieve leg support.

[0064] Compared to existing technologies where three-arm drilling rigs and three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines are unsuitable for three-stage tunnel construction and require manual drilling and frame erection, resulting in low construction efficiency, this invention's construction rig can be used for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading / setting up operations in three-stage tunnel construction, significantly reducing manual drilling and frame erection work and increasing construction efficiency. Furthermore, this construction rig is also suitable for drilling, erecting top and side arch frames, and loading / setting up operations in micro-step and full-section tunnels, and can switch between different operating modes depending on whether the tunnel is three-stage, micro-step, or full-section, making it widely applicable. Compared to designs that integrate the middle and upper arch frames into a single structure, this construction rig reduces the risk of forward tilting and collapse, improving the overall stability of the rig structure. It can simultaneously erect multiple top arch frames, significantly improving installation efficiency compared to existing three-arm three-frame arch frame installation machines where each arm can only grab one arch frame at a time.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunneling jumbo, characterized in that, The trolley body comprises a lower layer platform (1), a middle layer platform (2), an upper layer platform (3), a trolley bracket (4) and a vertical trolley (5) connected in sequence from bottom to top, and the five form a five-layer structure; any one of the middle layer platform (2), the upper layer platform (3) and the trolley bracket (4) can move longitudinally relative to the next layer, and any one can move to the front end of the next layer; the lower layer platform (1), the middle layer platform (2) and the upper layer platform (3) are all provided with rock drills (6); the vertical trolley (5) can move longitudinally between the front and rear ends of the trolley bracket (4); the vertical trolley (5) can carry and jacking the top arch to the top of the tunnel; the rear end of the lower layer platform (1) is provided with an arch lifting device, which is used for lifting the top arch from the bottom of the tunnel and transferring it to the vertical trolley (5).

2. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The vertical trolley (5) comprises two jacking cross beams (7) and two jacking longitudinal beams (8) arranged between the two jacking cross beams (7); a plurality of top arch carrying trolleys (9) are arranged on each jacking longitudinal beam (8); the two jacking cross beams (7) are driven to rise and fall based on a first jacking oil cylinder (10) arranged at each end; two carrying trolleys (11) are arranged on each jacking cross beam (7); and the two ends of each jacking longitudinal beam (8) are carried by a carrying trolley (11).

3. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The arch lifting device comprises an arch lifting unit arranged on each side of the rear end of the lower layer platform (1); any arch lifting unit comprises a lifting longitudinal beam (12), a translation longitudinal beam (13), a lifting and lowering longitudinal beam (14), a hoisting device (15), at least two second jacking oil cylinders (16) and at least two vertical guide rails (17); the lower end of any guide rail (17) is located at the bottom of the lower layer platform (1), and the upper end extends out of the top of the lower layer platform (1); a lifting and lowering trolley (18) is mounted on any guide rail (17); one end of the lifting longitudinal beam (12) is fixed on the lifting and lowering trolley (18), and the other end extends out of the lower layer platform (1); a translation trolley (19) is mounted on the lifting longitudinal beam (12), and the translation longitudinal beam (13) is fixed on the translation trolley (19); the lifting and lowering longitudinal beam (14) is located on the inner side of the upper end of the guide rail (17), and is driven to rise and fall based on the second jacking oil cylinder (16) located at the top of the lower layer platform (1); the hoisting device (15) is used to drive the lifting longitudinal beam (12) to rise and fall.

4. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The front end of the lower layer platform (1), the front end of the middle layer platform (2), the front end of the upper layer platform (3) and the two sides of the vertical trolley (5) are all provided with a first lifting device and a first arch side jacking mechanism; any first arch side jacking mechanism comprises two first telescopic cross bars (20) and a first longitudinal bar (21); the two first telescopic cross bars (20) are arranged in the same height and parallel to each other; the telescopic ends of the first telescopic cross bars (20) all face outward, and the telescopic ends are all hinged to the first longitudinal bar (21).

5. The tunneling trolley of claim 4, wherein, The lower layer platform (1) is provided with second lifting devices (22) and second arch side jacking mechanisms on both sides of the rear end; any second arch side jacking mechanism comprises two second telescopic cross bars (23) and a second longitudinal bar (24), the two second telescopic cross bars (23) are arranged to be in the same height and parallel to each other, the telescopic ends of the second telescopic cross bars (23) are all outward, and the telescopic ends are all hinged with the second longitudinal bar (24).

6. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The lower layer platform (1), the middle layer platform (2) and the upper layer platform (3) are all provided with longitudinal sliding rails (25); a base (26) is fixedly connected on the rock drill (6), and the base (26) is slidingly installed on the sliding rails (25).

7. The tunneling trolley of claim 1, wherein, The front ends of the middle layer platform (2), the upper layer platform (3), the trolley bracket (4) and the vertical trolley (5) are all provided with at least two supporting legs (27), and the supporting legs (27) can be vertically telescopic.

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