Ultra-low orbit microsatellite storage battery voltage measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ultra-low orbit microsatellite storage battery voltage measuring device which is connected with a power supply output interface of a storage battery through a test cable and comprises a signal input interface module, a switch and protection circuit module, a signal conditioning circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and a controller circuit module. The controller circuit module is electrically connected with an upper computer through a cable. According to the utility model, the voltage of the storage battery pack of the ultra-low orbit microsatellite can be measured, the measurement precision of the voltage of the storage battery is improved, the overall test efficiency is improved, the overcurrent protection function of the storage battery is added, and the risk of overcurrent damage or destruction of the storage battery caused by the fault of a measuring instrument or manual misoperation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of voltage measurement technology, specifically to a voltage measurement device for a battery of an ultra-low orbit microsatellite. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of satellite technology, the demand for ultra-low orbit microsatellites is also increasing. The power system is an important component of a satellite. In the sunlit areas, solar panels charge the batteries, while in the shaded areas, the batteries discharge to power the entire satellite system.

[0003] When designing the battery section of a satellite system, it is necessary to meet the overall power consumption requirements of the satellite and store more electrical energy to maximize the service life of onboard equipment. The battery's voltage and current affect its output power and energy capacity. The battery voltage is generally limited by the technical requirements regarding the power supply voltage range and cannot be designed to be too high or too low. Therefore, to increase the battery's output power, the only way is to increase its current output capability. Typically, batteries are designed in a series connection followed by parallel connection to form battery banks. Two or more battery banks are then connected in parallel to form a battery power supply system.

[0004] Before connecting two or more battery packs in parallel, the voltages of each battery pack should be close. The closer the voltages are, the safer the parallel connection. Otherwise, a high-voltage discharge to a low-voltage battery will occur. Because lithium batteries have very low internal resistance, the discharge surge current will be very large. This instantaneous short circuit in lithium-ion batteries can cause irreversible damage to the batteries. If the battery voltages differ significantly, the battery voltages should be adjusted before parallel connection. The higher-voltage battery should be discharged, and the lower-voltage battery should be charged. During the charging and discharging process, the battery voltages need to be continuously monitored to keep the voltages of the two batteries as close as possible.

[0005] Therefore, before connecting batteries in parallel, it is necessary to determine the voltage value of each battery. This is usually done manually by testers using tools such as voltmeters. This measurement method has a large error and is very inefficient. In addition, there is a risk of operational errors during the measurement process leading to poor battery contact or short circuits. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites, which satisfies the requirement of measuring the battery voltage of ultra-low orbit microsatellites, improves the measurement accuracy of battery voltage, improves the overall testing efficiency, adds battery overcurrent protection function, and reduces the risk of battery overcurrent damage or destruction caused by measuring instrument failure or human error, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites is provided. It is connected to the power supply output interface of the battery via a test cable. The device includes a signal input interface module connected to the power supply output interface of the battery, a switch and protection circuit module that introduces the battery voltage through the signal input interface module, a signal conditioning circuit module electrically connected to the switch and protection circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and a controller circuit module that collect and process the output data of the signal conditioning circuit module.

[0009] The entire measuring device requires two cables: the first connects the battery to the measuring module, and the second connects the measuring module to the host computer. The cable connecting the battery to the measuring module primarily connects the battery's output voltage to the measuring module's signal input interface, facilitating signal acquisition; it is a power cable. The cable connecting the measuring module to the host computer is mainly used for data exchange between the two systems; it is a data cable.

[0010] The switch and protection circuit module has functions such as controlling on / off switching, analog output of current signals, and overcurrent and current limiting protection. The controller can control the switch circuit to turn the measurement circuit on and off. When measurement is required, the switch is closed; after measurement, the switch port is automatically closed, allowing the battery to continue discharging. It has a current monitoring function and converts the current data into a voltage value, outputting it to the AD acquisition circuit as an auxiliary indicator for battery voltage judgment. The overcurrent protection function immediately disconnects the switch when the current flowing through it exceeds a set threshold, preventing damage to the battery from high-current discharge.

[0011] The signal conditioning module converts the signals detected by the sensors into standard signals through amplification, buffering, and other methods for data processing in the device. This module mainly conditions the battery voltage and current to meet the voltage range that the analog-to-digital acquisition circuit can acquire.

[0012] The controller circuit module is electrically connected to the host computer via a cable to transmit data.

[0013] The signal input interface module is matched with the battery voltage output interface. The signals are divided into two categories: battery voltage positive line signal and battery voltage return line signal.

[0014] The controller circuit module controls the switch and protection circuit module to enable the measurement circuit to be turned on and off.

[0015] The analog-to-digital conversion circuit module uses an AD conversion chip to convert analog information such as battery voltage and current into digital information, which facilitates data processing by the controller.

[0016] The host computer and the controller circuit module are connected by a cable. The host computer interface consists of two parts: a remote control interface and a telemetry interface. The telemetry interface displays the on / off status of the test module, the battery voltage, and the current output by the battery. The remote control interface mainly includes on / off commands for controlling the test module and current threshold settings.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The ultra-low orbit microsatellite battery voltage measuring device of this utility model includes a switch and protection circuit module, a signal conditioning circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module, and a controller module. The signal interface input in the measuring device is directly connected to the battery's power supply output interface through a test cable. The signal input interface introduces the battery voltage into the switch and protection circuit module and then into the signal conditioning circuit. After signal conditioning, the controller controls the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module (AD module) to collect and process the output data of the signal conditioning circuit. When the current is too high, the battery discharge channel is automatically cut off. The controller transmits the digital data converted by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit module to the host computer for display via a cable.

[0018] This invention relates to a device for measuring the battery voltage of ultra-low orbit microsatellites. The device enables automated measurement, replacing manual measurement using tools such as voltmeters, thus providing high accuracy, precision, and efficiency. Simultaneously, the measuring device has overcurrent protection for the battery, preventing damage or destruction due to excessive discharge current.

[0019] The measuring device of this invention uses a high-precision AD analog-to-digital converter chip to detect the battery voltage, which has higher measurement accuracy than traditional voltage measuring tools, and can directly display the measurement results on the host computer in real time, thus improving the measurement accuracy.

[0020] After the measuring device is connected and the power is turned on, this invention enables automated measurement by pressing the start measurement button on the host computer, requiring no manual intervention. During the measurement process, the host computer interface displays the measurement information in real time. Through automated testing and automated interpretation of test results, and automatic alarms when data is abnormal, testing efficiency is improved.

[0021] This utility model's measuring device features fully automated measurement after startup, eliminating the need for test personnel to directly touch the battery's power output interface with the measuring instrument, thus reducing the risk of poor contact, short circuits, and open circuits. Furthermore, if a circuit fault occurs, causing overcurrent in the battery, the overcurrent protection module in the testing device can cut off the circuit in a very short time, effectively protecting the battery from overcurrent damage and improving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a connection diagram of a battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switch and protection circuit module in a battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal conditioning module in a battery voltage measurement device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A battery voltage measuring device for ultra-low orbit microsatellites is provided. It is connected to the power supply output interface of the battery via a test cable. The device includes a signal input interface module connected to the power supply output interface of the battery, a switch and protection circuit module that introduces the battery voltage through the signal input interface module, a signal conditioning circuit module electrically connected to the switch and protection circuit module, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit module and a controller circuit module that collect and process the output data of the signal conditioning circuit module.

[0028] The entire measuring device requires two cables. The cables can be the 26-gauge cable commonly used in ultra-low orbit satellites. The number of cables connecting to the battery is designed according to the contact definition of the battery's power output interface. The interface connecting the testing device to the computer is an RS422 interface, and the cable connecting to the host computer is a USB interface, directly connected to the computer's USB port via an RS422 to USB adapter.

[0029] The switching and protection circuit module features functions such as controlling on / off switching, analog output of current signals, and overcurrent and current limiting protection. The controller can control the switching circuit to turn the measurement circuit on and off. When measurement is required, the switch is closed; after measurement, the switch port is automatically closed, allowing the battery to continue discharging. It has a current monitoring function, converting current data into voltage and outputting it to the AD acquisition circuit as an auxiliary indicator for battery voltage judgment. Overcurrent protection immediately disconnects the switch when the current flowing through it exceeds a set threshold, preventing damage to the battery from high-current discharge. The switching control circuit of the measurement device can be implemented using TI's TPS2492 + external N-MOS circuit, with an operating voltage range of 9V to 80V. It can provide high-side drive and control the turn-off of the external NMOS transistor, monitor and output load current, and features surge current suppression, overvoltage protection and undervoltage lockout, precise overcurrent protection, and an overcurrent protection action time of approximately 200µs. This device can be set to an overcurrent of 5A. During testing, if a battery short circuit occurs due to battery failure or human error, and the battery discharge current exceeds 5A, the measuring device will cut off the battery discharge path within 1.2µs, effectively protecting the battery. The logic diagram of the switch control module is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0030] The signal conditioning module converts the signals detected by the sensors into standard signals through amplification, buffering, and other methods for data processing in the device. This module mainly conditions the battery voltage and current to meet the voltage range that the analog-to-digital acquisition circuit can acquire.

[0031] The controller circuit module is electrically connected to the host computer via a cable to transmit data.

[0032] The signal input interface module is matched with the battery voltage output interface. The signals are divided into two categories: battery voltage positive line signal and battery voltage return line signal. The signal input interface of the measuring device has a positive line interface and a return line interface; proper insulation between the positive and return lines needs to be considered. Connectors with a relatively large pin pitch can be selected.

[0033] The controller circuit module controls the switch and protection circuit module to turn the measurement circuit on and off. The controller can be an STMicroelectronics STM32 microcontroller, which connects to the analog-to-digital converter chip via an SPI interface. The microcontroller's UART is converted to an RS422 interface, and after conversion via an RS422 to USB adapter, the USB port can be directly connected to the computer's USB port.

[0034] The analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) circuit module uses an AD converter chip to convert analog signals such as battery voltage and current into digital signals, facilitating data processing by the controller. The TI ADC128S102 chip can be used; this 12-bit AD chip has a voltage acquisition range of 0-5V, a conversion rate of 500ksps-1Msps, and an SPI interface, allowing direct connection to the controller. This fully meets the accuracy and speed requirements of the measurement module for battery voltage acquisition.

[0035] The host computer and controller circuit module are connected via cable. The host computer interface consists of two parts: a remote control interface and a telemetry interface. The telemetry interface displays the continuity of the test module, the battery voltage, and the battery output current. The remote control interface mainly includes on / off commands for controlling the test module and current threshold settings. The host computer interface of the measuring device can be designed using LabVIEW software, a graphical programming language development environment. The host computer interface needs to have functions such as remote control command input and telemetry interface display. After pressing the start measurement button on the host computer interface, the device automatically starts measuring. The voltage, current, and other information of the battery pack are updated and displayed in real time on the host computer interface. Simultaneously, the host computer interface can set overcurrent protection thresholds. When an overcurrent occurs in the battery, the host computer will issue an alarm and quickly send a power-off command, effectively protecting the battery from damage.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultra-low earth orbit micro-satellite battery voltage measuring device, connected with the power supply output interface of the battery through a test cable, characterized in that: The application relates to a signal input interface module connected with a power supply output interface of a storage battery, a switch and protection circuit module for introducing a storage battery voltage through the signal input interface module, a signal conditioning circuit module electrically connected with the switch and protection circuit module, an analog-digital conversion circuit module and a controller circuit module for collecting and processing output data of the signal conditioning circuit module. The controller circuit module is electrically connected with an upper computer through a cable to realize data transmission.

2. The ultra-low earth orbit micro-satellite battery voltage measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The signal input interface module is matched with a storage battery voltage output interface, and signals are divided into two types, namely a storage battery voltage positive line signal and a storage battery voltage return line signal.

3. The ultra-low Earth orbit micro-satellite battery voltage measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The controller circuit module controls the switch and protection circuit module to realize on and off of a measurement circuit.

4. The ultra-low earth orbit micro-satellite battery voltage measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: The analog-digital conversion circuit module adopts an AD conversion chip to realize conversion of storage battery voltage and current analog quantity information into digital quantity information.

5. The ultra-low earth orbit micro-satellite battery voltage measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: The upper computer is connected with the controller circuit module through a cable, and an upper computer interface includes two parts, namely a remote control interface and a remote measurement interface; the remote measurement interface displays on and off of a test module, storage battery voltage and current output of the storage battery; and the remote control interface mainly contains on and off instructions of the test module and current threshold setting.

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