Coal gangue separator
By integrating crushing and separation functions, the coal gangue separator solves the problems of cumbersome separation processes and environmental pollution in existing technologies, achieving efficient and environmentally friendly coal gangue separation and improving economic benefits.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing coal gangue separation equipment requires crushing before separation and transportation after separation, which is a complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can easily lead to raw coal loss and environmental pollution.
Design a coal gangue separator that integrates crushing and separation, including a crushing box, a separation box, a gangue chamber, and a coal collection box. It uses crushing rollers, a feed chute, and a jetting device to crush and separate raw coal. Through secondary crushing by the crushing rollers and airflow separation by the jetting device, the separation of coal gangue is completed directly in one device.
It reduces losses and environmental pollution during transportation, improves separation efficiency and economic benefits, saves manpower and material resources, and reduces the cost of secondary transshipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224072058U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of coal gangue screening equipment, and in particular relates to a coal gangue separator that integrates crushing and separation. Background Technology
[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing. It is a type of blackish-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal, which is associated with coal seams during coal formation. Specifically, it includes gangue from tunnel excavation, gangue extracted from the roof, floor, and interlayers during mining, and gangue from coal washing.
[0003] Existing coal gangue separation equipment requires that the raw coal containing coal gangue be crushed into the required size before being transported to the separator. This process is not only cumbersome, but also time-consuming and labor-intensive, which can lead to unnecessary losses of raw coal and increase the economic cost of coal gangue separation. Furthermore, the coal dust splashed during transportation can easily pollute the surrounding environment. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a coal gangue separator that integrates crushing and separation, so as to solve the technical problems of existing raw coal containing coal gangue being crushed and separated separately, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, and prone to environmental pollution.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A coal gangue separator includes a corresponding crushing box above a separation box, and a gangue chamber and a coal collection box below the separation box.
[0007] The separation box includes a box body with a feed inlet at the top. A crushing box is installed correspondingly to the separation box through the feed inlet. Multiple parallel crushing rollers are installed below the feed inlet. The crushing rollers are installed in the box body through mounting brackets at both ends. A crushing motor corresponding to the crushing roller is installed on the outside of the mounting bracket. The crushing motor and the crushing roller are connected by a transmission device at the shaft end. A guide trough is installed below the crushing roller. A guide port is installed at the bottom of the guide trough. A jetting device is installed below the guide port. A corresponding distribution plate is installed on the side wall of the box body corresponding to the guide port. The area above the distribution plate is the gangue outlet, and the area below the distribution plate is the coal outlet. The outer side of the box body corresponding to the gangue outlet is the gangue cavity. A guide plate is installed on the inner wall of the box body below the distribution plate, and the area below the guide plate is the coal collection cavity.
[0008] Furthermore, a pair of corresponding baffles are provided on the left and right sides of the crushing roller, with their top ends connected to the top wall of the box. A pair of corresponding material collection plates are provided on the front and rear sides above the crushing roller. Both of them are inclined in a way that gradually decreases in height from the outside to the inside, and their outer ends are connected to the inner side wall of the box.
[0009] Furthermore, the crushing roller and the guide trough are inclined relative to each other along their parallel direction, the feed inlet is located at the top of the box near the higher end of the crushing roller, and the guide outlet is located on the side wall of the guide trough near its lower end.
[0010] Furthermore, a corresponding support frame is provided below the material guide trough, which is installed inside the box through the support frame. A vibration motor is provided on the outside of the material guide trough, and multiple buffer devices are evenly distributed between the material guide trough and the support frame.
[0011] Furthermore, the blowing device includes a blowing head below the feed inlet, and a corresponding air passage is provided at the rear end of the blowing head, which is connected to an external air compressor through the air passage.
[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the gangue chamber is provided with a first conveyor belt connected to the outside, and the coal collection chamber is provided with a second conveyor belt connected to the outside.
[0013] This utility model coal gangue separator integrates the crushing and separation of coal gangue into one device. Compared with existing methods that involve crushing and then separating, it not only saves manpower and resources for secondary transportation but also saves time in coal gangue separation and processing. It reduces the loss of raw coal during separation, reduces the amount of coal ash flying during secondary transportation, and reduces its pollution and harm to the surrounding environment, making it more environmentally friendly. Furthermore, this utility model adopts a secondary crushing process, which can meet the particle size requirements of coal gangue in one processing, thereby improving the economic efficiency of coal gangue separation and processing. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial left view of the crushing roller mounting end of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of the crushing roller mounting end of this utility model;
[0017] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Separation box; 11. Box body; 12. Feed inlet; 13. Mounting frame; 14. Material distribution plate; 15. Gangue outlet; 16. Coal outlet; 17. Guide plate; 18. Support frame; 2. Crushing box; 3. Gangue chamber; 31. First conveyor belt; 4. Coal collection chamber; 41. Second conveyor belt; 5. Crushing roller; 51. Baffle plate; 52. Material collection plate; 6. Crushing motor; 61. Transmission device; 7. Guide chute; 71. Guide port; 72. Vibrating motor; 73. Buffer device; 8. Pulse blowing device; 81. Pulse blowing head; 82. Ventilation pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this utility model, the following detailed description of a coal gangue separator, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, is provided.
[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the coal gangue separator of this utility model includes a separation box 1, a corresponding crushing box 2 above the separation box 1, and a gangue chamber 3 and a coal collecting chamber 4 below the separation box 1. The raw coal to be separated is pre-crushed in the crushing box 2 and then enters the separation box 1. The coal gangue in the raw coal is separated in the separation box 1 and then concentrated in the gangue chamber 3 for subsequent use. The coal after the gangue is separated is concentrated in the coal collecting chamber 4 for subsequent use.
[0020] The separating box 1 includes a box body 11, with a feed inlet 12 at the top. The separating box 1 is installed correspondingly to the discharge outlet of the crushing box 2 above it via the feed inlet 12. Crushing rollers 5 are installed inside the box body 11. Multiple parallel crushing rollers 5 are mounted below the feed inlet 12 via mounting brackets 13 at both ends. The number of crushing rollers 5 is no less than two. Crushing motors 6 corresponding to the crushing rollers 5 are installed on the outside of the mounting brackets 13. The crushing motors 6 and the crushing rollers 5 are connected via a transmission device 61 at the shaft end. The motors provide power to the corresponding crushing rollers 5 through the transmission device 61. The adjacent crushing rollers 5 rotate relative to each other to perform secondary crushing of the raw coal entering the housing 11, making it easier to separate later. In this embodiment, a pair of corresponding crushing rollers 5 are provided, and a pair of crushing motors 6 corresponding to the crushing rollers 5 are provided on the outside of the mounting frame 13. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the two crushing motors 6 and the two crushing rollers 5. The transmission device 61 can be driven in various ways, such as chains, gears, belts, etc. In this embodiment, belt drive is used between the corresponding crushing motors 6 and the crushing rollers 5. The shaft end of the crushing motor 6 is provided with a drive wheel, and the shaft end of the crushing roller 5 is provided with a driven wheel. The belt is connected at both ends to the corresponding driving and driven pulleys, thus providing power transmission between the crushing motor 6 and the crushing roller 5. A guide chute 7 is located below the crushing roller 5, with a guide port 71 at the bottom. A jetting device 8 is located below the guide port 71. A corresponding distribution plate 14 is located on the side wall of the housing 11 on the side corresponding to the guide port 71. Above the distribution plate 14 is the gangue outlet 15, and below it is the coal outlet 16. The raw coal output from the guide port 71 is divided into... Gangue and coal are discharged at their respective outlets. Gangue outlet 15 is located on the outside of box 11 with a corresponding gangue cavity 3. The bottom of gangue cavity 3 is connected to the outside by a first conveyor belt 31. Gangue separated from the raw coal is transported out through the first conveyor belt 31. Below the material distribution plate 14 inside box 11 is a corresponding guide plate 17. The guide plate 17 is installed on the side wall of box 11. Below the guide plate 17 is a coal collection cavity 4. The coal collection cavity 4 is connected to the outside by a second conveyor belt 41. Coal separated from the raw coal is transported out through the second conveyor belt 41.
[0021] Furthermore, a pair of corresponding baffle plates 51 are provided on the left and right sides of the crushing roller 5. The bottom of the outer side of the baffle plate 51 is connected to the inner side of the corresponding mounting frame 13, and the top of the baffle plate 51 is connected to the top wall of the box 11. On the left and right sides of the crushing roller 5, it provides a guiding and blocking function for the raw coal entering the box 11 from the feed inlet 12, so that it falls above the crushing roller 5, thereby facilitating the crushing roller 5 to better perform secondary crushing of the raw coal and preventing the raw coal from falling to the outside of the mounting frame 13, which would affect the secondary crushing of the raw coal and the operation of the various components in the box 11.
[0022] Furthermore, a pair of corresponding material collection plates 52 are provided above the crushing roller 5. The two plates are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the crushing roller 5. Both are inclined in shape with their height gradually decreasing from the outside to the inside. Their outer ends are connected to the inner side wall of the box 11, and their inner ends are not shorter than the center line of the corresponding side crushing roller 5. The two material collection plates 52 form a funnel shape with a low middle and high sides. In this embodiment, the bottom extension lines of the two material collection plates 52 intersect at the corresponding center line between the two crushing rollers 5. The material collection plates 52 provide a guiding and blocking function for the raw coal entering the box 11 from the feed inlet 12 on the front and rear sides of the crushing roller 5, preventing the raw coal from falling downward through the gap between the crushing roller 5 and the side wall of the box 11, thereby affecting the quality of coal gangue separation.
[0023] Furthermore, the crushing roller 5 is inclined in the parallel direction, the feed inlet 12 is located at the top of the box 11 near the higher end of the crushing roller 5, the guide trough 7 is inclined in the opposite direction to the crushing roller 5, and the guide port 71 is located on the side wall of the guide trough 7 near its lower end.
[0024] Furthermore, a corresponding support frame 18 is provided below the feed chute 7, which is installed inside the housing 11 through the support frame 18. A vibration motor 72 is provided on the outside of the feed chute 7. Multiple buffer devices 73 are evenly distributed between the feed chute 7 and the support frame 18. In this embodiment, a buffer device 73 composed of a spring and a guide rod is used. During operation, the feed chute 7 vibrates under the cooperation of the vibration motor 72 and the buffer device 73, which facilitates the falling of raw coal in the chute and also performs preliminary micro-screening of the raw coal to prevent the falling coal and gangue from mixing too messily and affecting the separation quality.
[0025] Furthermore, the injection device 8 includes an injection head 81 below the feed inlet 71. The rear end of the injection head 81 is provided with a corresponding air pipe 82, which is connected to an external air compressor device. The external air compressor device provides compressed gas to the injection head 81 through the air pipe 82, thereby injecting gas into the raw coal falling from the feed inlet 71. Due to the different densities of gangue and coal, the two have different resistances after receiving the blowing force, thus separating them.
[0026] In use, the raw coal containing gangue is first coarsely crushed in the crushing box 2, and then enters the separation box 1 for a second fine crushing under the action of the crushing roller 5. Different specifications of crushing roller 5 can be selected as needed. In the second crushing, the raw coal is crushed into the required particle size. The raw coal after the second crushing falls into the vibrating guide chute 7, and then is separated into gangue and coal through the guide port 71 under the combined action of the blowing device 8 and the distribution plate 14. The coal enters the corresponding chambers and is transported out of the separator by the first conveyor belt 31 and the second conveyor belt 41 respectively, for subsequent use.
[0027] This invention combines crushing and separation, completing the crushing of raw coal and the separation of gangue in one operation without the need for secondary transportation. This not only saves manpower and resources required for operation but also avoids the loss of raw coal during operation, reduces the possibility of coal ash polluting the surrounding environment, and improves the economic benefits of gangue separation.
[0028] It is understood that this utility model has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Furthermore, under the teachings of this utility model, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A coal refuse separator characterized by, It includes the upper part of the separation tank (1) is equipped with the corresponding crushing tank (2), the lower part of the separation tank (1) is equipped with gangue cavity (3) and coal collection cavity (4); The separation tank (1) includes a tank body (11), the upper part of the tank body (11) is equipped with a feed inlet (12), the crushing tank (2) is installed corresponding to the separation tank (1) through the feed inlet (12), a plurality of parallel corresponding crushing rollers (5) are arranged below the feed inlet (12), the crushing rollers (5) are installed in the tank body (11) through the mounting frames (13) at both ends thereof, the outer side of the mounting frames (13) is equipped with corresponding crushing motors (6) corresponding to the crushing rollers (5), the crushing motors (6) and the crushing rollers (5) are connected through the shaft end transmission devices (61), the lower part of the crushing rollers (5) is equipped with a guide chute (7), the bottom end of the guide chute (7) is equipped with a guide inlet (71), the lower part of the guide inlet (71) is equipped with a blowing device (8), the side wall of the tank body (11) corresponding to the side of the guide inlet (71) is equipped with a corresponding distribution plate (14), the upper part of the distribution plate (14) is a gangue outlet (15), the lower part of the distribution plate (14) is a coal outlet (16), the outer side of the tank body (11) corresponding to the gangue outlet (15) is a gangue cavity (3), the inner wall of the tank body (11) below the distribution plate (14) is a guide plate (17), the lower part of the guide plate (17) is a coal collection cavity (4); The blowing device (8) includes a blowing head (81) below the guide inlet (71), the rear end of the blowing head (81) is equipped with a corresponding air supply pipeline (82), which is connected with an air compression device through the air supply pipeline (82).
2. The coal refuse separator of claim 1, wherein, The left and right sides of the crushing roller (5) are equipped with a pair of corresponding material blocking plates (51), the top ends of which are connected to the top wall of the tank body (11), the front and rear sides above the crushing roller (5) are equipped with a pair of corresponding material collecting plates (52), both of which are inclined and gradually decrease in height from outside to inside, and the outer ends of which are connected to the inner side wall of the tank body (11).
3. The coal refuse separator of claim 1, wherein, The crushing roller (5) and the guide chute (7) are relatively inclined along their parallel directions, the feed inlet (12) is arranged at the top end of the tank body (11) near the higher end of the crushing roller (5), and the guide inlet (71) is arranged on the side wall of the guide chute (7) near the lower end thereof.
4. The coal refuse separator of claim 3, wherein, The lower part of the guide chute (7) is equipped with a corresponding support frame (18), which is installed in the tank body (11) through the support frame (18), the outer side of the guide chute (7) is equipped with a vibration motor (72), and a plurality of buffer devices (73) are uniformly arranged between the guide chute (7) and the support frame (18).
5. The coal refuse separator of claim 1 wherein, The bottom of the gangue cavity (3) is equipped with a first conveying belt (31) connected to the outside, and the coal collection cavity (4) is equipped with a second conveying belt (41) connected to the outside.