Combined biomass suspension combustion furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of combustion furnaces, in particular to a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace which comprises a furnace body, a fuel conveying device, an air conveying device and an ash processing device, and the furnace body comprises an auxiliary combustion chamber, a combined combustion chamber, a lower combustion chamber and an ignition chamber which are sequentially assembled from top to bottom. The auxiliary combustion chamber, the combined combustion chamber, the lower combustion chamber and the ignition chamber are communicated up and down, the combined combustion chamber comprises a plurality of sub-combustion chamber units which are assembled up and down, and each sub-combustion chamber unit is provided with a fuel connector for supplying fuel; the combined combustion chamber formed by splicing the multiple branch combustion chamber units is arranged in the middle section of the furnace body, so that the furnace body capacity of the combustion furnace can be adjusted according to different heat output requirements, the limitation of an integrated furnace body on the upper limit of the yield of the combustion furnace is relieved, and the applicability and expansibility of the combustion furnace are improved; in addition, when the furnace body is locally damaged, the damaged part can be independently replaced, so that the overall scrapping is avoided, and the maintenance cost of the combustion furnace is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of combustion furnace technology, specifically to a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A suspension combustion furnace is a highly efficient combustion device. Its working principle involves pre-treating the fuel, which is then carried by air and injected into the furnace through a burner. Inside the furnace, the fuel and air are thoroughly mixed and combusted in a suspended state. This combustion method significantly increases the contact area between the fuel and air, thereby improving combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency.

[0003] Existing suspension combustion furnaces include direct-flow suspension combustion furnaces and vortex suspension combustion furnaces. Direct-flow suspension combustion furnaces achieve combustion by mixing fuel and air and then injecting the mixture from the burner to form a direct-flow flame. They have a simple structure and stable combustion, but require high precision in fuel particle size and moisture content, making them unsuitable for biomass combustion. Vortex suspension combustion furnaces, on the other hand, create a rotating flame between fuel and air within the burner, increasing the degree of fuel-air mixing and making them more adaptable to different fuel types.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application CN110470054A discloses an energy-saving suspended hot blast stove, which includes a combustion furnace, a heat exchanger, a cyclone dust removal system, and a horizontally arranged air duct. The air inlet of the duct is connected to an air source, and the air outlet is connected to an air inlet on the furnace body. The length direction of the duct is consistent with the tangential direction of the furnace wall at the air inlet. A feed pipe is also connected to the furnace body. In this hot blast stove, the air duct is arranged tangentially to the furnace wall. The airflow entering from the duct impacts the furnace wall and moves downward in a spiral motion. The fuel enters from the feed pipe and is suspended and falls under the action of the spiral airflow. This results in a large contact area between the fuel and the air, a long fuel falling time, and complete combustion of the fuel before it reaches the bottom of the furnace.

[0005] However, the aforementioned hot blast stoves still have certain drawbacks: the stove body is a single piece, which limits the range of heat output adjustment during use. When more heat output is required, the single-piece design restricts the size of the combustion zone inside the furnace, resulting in poor applicability. At the same time, the single-piece furnace body often has a large volume, making transportation difficult and costly. When the furnace body is partially damaged, the entire furnace needs to be shut down for repairs, which will also reduce subsequent production efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a combustion furnace that can adjust its heat output according to different heat demands, while reducing the difficulty and cost of transporting the furnace body. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace to solve the technical problem that the heat output of existing combustion furnaces is limited due to the use of an integrated furnace body.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace with the following technical solution:

[0009] A combined biomass suspension combustion furnace includes a furnace body, a fuel conveying device, an air conveying device, and an ash treatment device. The furnace body includes a secondary combustion chamber, a combined combustion chamber, a lower combustion chamber, and an ignition chamber assembled from top to bottom. The secondary combustion chamber, combined combustion chamber, lower combustion chamber, and ignition chamber are all vertically connected. The combined combustion chamber includes multiple structurally identical sub-combustion chamber units. Each sub-combustion chamber unit includes a cylinder, an upper connecting structure, a lower connecting structure, a fuel connector for supplying fuel, and an air connector for supplying air.

[0010] The sub-combustion chamber units are assembled into a combined combustion chamber by upper and lower connecting structures. The furnace capacity of the combined combustion chamber can be adjusted by changing the number of sub-combustion chamber units.

[0011] This utility model of a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace, by setting a combined combustion chamber composed of multiple sub-combustion chamber units in the middle section of the furnace body, allows the furnace body volume to be adjusted according to different heat output requirements, removing the limitation of the upper limit of the combustion furnace output on the integrated furnace body, and improving the applicability and expandability of the combustion furnace; in addition, when the furnace body is partially damaged, the damaged part can be replaced individually, avoiding the scrapping of the whole furnace and reducing the maintenance cost of the combustion furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, both the upper and lower connecting structures are annular flanges, and the various sub-combustion chamber units, the combined combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber, and the combined combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber are all fixedly connected by annular flanges and bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, both the secondary combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber include air connectors for supplying air, with the air supply angle of the air connectors tangent to the inner wall of the furnace body to ensure complete combustion of fuel and generate cyclones within the combustion furnace.

[0014] Furthermore, the furnace body also includes a temperature regulating device installed at the upper end of the auxiliary combustion chamber. The temperature regulating device is used to supplement cold air to regulate the temperature of the hot gas output from the combustion furnace.

[0015] Furthermore, the ignition chamber has a quick-opening door, which facilitates the maintenance of the ignition chamber and the ignition operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the fuel delivery device includes a fuel tank, a fuel delivery auger, a fuel delivery pipeline, and a fuel driving device. The fuel delivery auger is used to deliver fuel from the fuel tank to the fuel delivery pipeline. The fuel delivery pipeline connects to various fuel joints. The fuel driving device is used to deliver the fuel in the fuel delivery pipeline to the combustion furnace.

[0017] Furthermore, the air delivery device includes an air delivery equipment and an air delivery pipe, the air delivery pipe being used to connect the air delivery equipment and various air connectors.

[0018] Furthermore, the ash treatment device includes an operating platform, a support frame, and an ash removal device. The support frame is used to support the furnace body, the ash removal device is fixed on the support frame, and the operating platform is located on the side of the ignition chamber, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the ignition chamber and the ash removal device.

[0019] Furthermore, the ash removal device includes an ash hopper located at the lower end of the ignition chamber for collecting ash and a fuel ash collecting auger located at the lower end of the ash hopper for conveying ash.

[0020] Furthermore, the furnace body is equipped with a PID controller on its outer side, and multiple temperature sensors are installed on the furnace body. Each of the temperature sensors, fuel driving device, temperature regulating device and air conveying device is electrically connected to the PID controller to realize automatic control of the combustion reaction inside the combustion furnace.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the combined biomass suspension combustion furnace provided by this utility model are:

[0022] 1. By setting up a combined combustion chamber composed of multiple sub-combustion chamber units in the middle section of the furnace body, the volume of the furnace body can be adjusted according to different heat output requirements, which removes the limitation of the upper limit of the furnace output on the integrated furnace body and improves the applicability and expandability of the furnace. In addition, when the furnace body is partially damaged, the damaged part can be replaced individually, avoiding the scrapping of the whole furnace and reducing the maintenance cost of the furnace.

[0023] 2. The modular design of the combustion furnace body makes it easy to transport in sections and assemble on site, reducing transportation difficulty and costs.

[0024] 3. The temperature control device enables the combustion furnace to precisely regulate the temperature of the output hot gas, improving the adaptability of the combustion furnace to different application scenarios.

[0025] 4. The ash removal device can automatically remove the ash produced by the combustion furnace, reduce the probability of blockage in the air and fuel joints, ensure smooth airflow, improve combustion efficiency, and prevent the furnace body from overheating due to the formation of an insulation layer caused by ash accumulation, which would reduce the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace provided for this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the central combustion chamber unit;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle and lower combustion chamber;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the intermediate combustion chamber.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Furnace body; 11. Ignition chamber; 111. Quick-opening door; 12. Lower combustion chamber; 13. Combined combustion chamber; 131. Sub-combustion chamber unit; 132. Cylinder; 133. Upper connecting structure; 134. Lower connecting structure; 135. Lifting lug; 14. Auxiliary combustion chamber; 141. Hot air outlet; 15. Temperature regulating device; 16. Sealing gasket; 17. Air connector; 18. Fuel connector;

[0032] 2. Fuel conveying device; 21. Fuel bin; 22. Fuel conveying auger; 23. Fuel conveying pipeline; 231. Branch tee; 232. Feed injection pipe; 233. Fuel input pipeline; 24. Fuel drive device;

[0033] 3. Air conveying device; 31. Air conveying equipment; 32. Air conveying pipeline;

[0034] 4. Ash treatment device; 41. Support frame; 42. Ash cleaning device; 421. Ash hopper; 422. Fuel ash collection auger; 43. Operating platform. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The principles and spirit of this utility model will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0036] Example 1 of a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace provided by this utility model:

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the combustion furnace includes a furnace body 1, a fuel delivery device 2, an air delivery device 3, an ash treatment device 4, and a PID controller. The fuel delivery device 2 is used to continuously supply fuel into the furnace body 1, and is located on the right side of the furnace body 1. The air delivery device 3 is located in front of the fuel delivery device 2 and is used to input air into the furnace body 1. The ash treatment device 4 is located at the lower end of the furnace body 1 and is used to continuously remove the ash generated inside the combustion furnace. The PID controller is used to realize the automatic control of the combustion furnace.

[0038] The furnace body 1 will be introduced first below, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the furnace body 1 has a cylindrical structure. From bottom to top, the furnace body 1 includes an ignition chamber 11, a lower combustion chamber 12, a combined combustion chamber 13, a secondary combustion chamber 14, and a temperature regulating device 15. The ignition chamber 11 contains an ignition device for igniting fuel. The front of the ignition chamber 11 has a quick-opening door 111 hinged to the outer wall of the ignition chamber 11 for easy inspection and maintenance by operators. The lower combustion chamber 12 is installed at the upper end of the ignition chamber 11. The lower combustion chamber 12 includes three air connectors 17. The air supply direction of the air connectors 17 is tangential to the inner wall of the lower combustion chamber 12 to generate cyclone within the lower combustion chamber 12.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the combined combustion chamber 13 includes two sub-combustion chamber units 131 joined vertically. Each sub-combustion chamber unit 131 includes a cylinder 132, an upper connecting structure 133, a lower connecting structure 134, a fuel connector 18 for supplying fuel, an air connector 17 for supplying air, and lifting lugs 135 fixed to the cylinder 132 for hoisting the sub-combustion chamber unit 131. The cylinder 132 is a vertically extending circular cylinder. The upper connecting structure 133 is located at the upper end of the cylinder 132, and the lower connecting structure 134 is located at the lower end of the cylinder 132. Both the upper connecting structure 133 and the lower connecting structure 134 are annular flanges fixedly connected to the cylinder 132. The sub-combustion chamber units 131, the combined combustion chamber 13 and the auxiliary combustion chamber 14, and the combined combustion chamber 13 and the lower combustion chamber 12 are all fixedly connected by annular flanges and bolts. In other embodiments, adjacent sub-combustion chamber units 131 are fixedly connected by tenon and mortise structures and latches.

[0040] Fuel connector 18 and air connector 17 are fixed to the side wall of cylinder 132. Air connector 17 of the same combustion chamber unit 131 is located below fuel connector 18 to disperse the fuel output from fuel connector 18, preventing uneven fuel distribution and incomplete combustion. The air supply direction of air connector 17 is tangential to the inner wall of combustion chamber unit 131, creating a vortex within combustion chamber unit 131 to slow the fuel's descent. In other embodiments, the number of combustion chamber units 131 is three or four to accommodate different heat requirements.

[0041] The arrangement of multiple sub-combustion chamber units 131 and multiple fuel connectors 18 enables the combustion furnace to increase the upper limit of heat output as needed. The multiple fuel connectors 18 enable the fuel to be evenly distributed in the furnace body 1, which is conducive to the complete combustion of the fuel in the furnace body 1.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary combustion chamber 14 includes two air inlets 17, whose air supply direction is tangential to the inner wall of the auxiliary combustion chamber 14, so as to generate a cyclone within the auxiliary combustion chamber 14. Under the action of centrifugal force, the ash produced in the combustion furnace is thrown towards the inner wall of the combustion furnace, and then falls under the action of gravity. The top of the auxiliary combustion chamber 14 has a hot air outlet 141 to output the hot gas in the combustion furnace. The temperature regulating device 15 is a mixing box, which is fixedly installed at the upper end of the auxiliary combustion chamber 14. The mixing box is used to supplement cold air into the hot gas produced by the combustion furnace to regulate the output temperature of the hot gas.

[0043] Sealing gaskets 16 are provided between the auxiliary combustion chamber 14 and the combined combustion chamber 13, between adjacent sub-combustion chamber units 131, between the combined combustion chamber 13 and the lower combustion chamber 12, and between the lower combustion chamber 12 and the ignition chamber 11, and are fixedly connected by bolts. The sealing gaskets 16 are made of ceramic fiber to improve the overall airtightness of the furnace body 1. Temperature sensors, which are thermocouples, are provided at the top of the auxiliary combustion chamber 14 and at the output end of the mixing box to provide feedback on the outlet air temperature of the hot air outlet 141 to the PID controller.

[0044] The ash processing device 4 is described below, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the ash handling device 4 includes a support 41, an ash cleaning device 42, and an operating platform 43. The support 41 is located at the lower end of the ignition chamber 11 and is used to support the furnace body 1. The operating platform 43 is located at the front of the ignition chamber 11 to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the ignition chamber 11 and the ash cleaning device 42 by operators. The ash cleaning device 42 is installed inside the support 41 and includes an ash hopper 421 and a fuel ash collecting auger 422. The ash hopper 421 is located at the lower end of the ignition chamber 11 and is used to collect ash. The fuel ash collecting auger 422 is located at the lower end of the ash hopper 421 and is used to continuously convey the ash outward.

[0045] The fuel delivery device 2 is described below. It includes a fuel bin 21, a fuel delivery auger 22, a fuel delivery pipeline 23, and a fuel drive device 24. The fuel bin 21 is located outside the furnace body 1 and is used to store fuel. The fuel delivery auger 22 is installed at the bottom of the fuel bin 21 and is used to deliver fuel to the fuel delivery pipeline 23. The fuel delivery pipeline 23 includes a branch tee 231, a feed injection pipe 232, and two fuel input pipes 233, used to connect the fuel connectors 18 of the two sub-combustion chamber units 131. There are also two feed injection pipes 232, used to connect the branch tee 231 and the two fuel input pipes 233 and to receive fuel output from the fuel delivery auger 22. The fuel drive device 24 is a blower, installed on the branch tee 231, used to drive fuel along the fuel input pipeline 233 into the furnace body 1.

[0046] Next, we introduce the air conveying device 3, which includes an air conveying equipment 31 and an air conveying pipe 32. The air conveying equipment 31 is an air conveyor, and the air conveying pipe 32 connects the air conveyor and each air connector 17 to convey air into the furnace body 1.

[0047] The PID controller is located outside the furnace body 1. The PID controller is connected to the blower, air conveyor, mixing box and each thermocouple by wires. Based on the feedback from the thermocouples, the air volume, feeding speed and air conveying speed of the combustion furnace are adjusted in real time to improve the efficiency and stability of the combustion reaction.

[0048] The working principle of a combined biomass suspension combustion furnace is as follows:

[0049] First, air is continuously fed into the furnace body 1 tangentially along the inner wall of the furnace body 1 via an air conveyor and air conveying pipe 32, forming a cyclone within the furnace body 1. Then, ignition is performed in the ignition chamber 11. Fuel in the fuel bin 21 enters the fuel conveying pipe 23 via the fuel conveying auger 22. Driven by the blower, the fuel enters the furnace body 1 through the fuel input pipe 233 and burns in suspension within the furnace body 1. The ash produced by combustion falls into the ash hopper 421 and is conveyed to the outside by the fuel ash collection auger 422. The hot air produced by combustion is output upwards through the hot air outlet 141, and the output temperature of the hot air is regulated by the mixing box.

[0050] When the heat output of the combustion furnace does not meet the demand, the number of sub-combustion chamber units 131 can be increased to adjust the heat output of the combustion furnace. If part of the structure of the combustion furnace body 1 is damaged, production can be quickly restored by replacing the damaged parts.

[0051] Based on the above description in this specification, those skilled in the art will also understand that the following terms used, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "width," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," are terms indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification. They are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not explicitly or implicitly suggest that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms should not be understood or interpreted as limitations on the present invention.

[0052] In addition, in the description of this specification, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. A combined biomass suspension combustion furnace, comprising a furnace body, a fuel conveying device, an air conveying device, and an ash treatment device, characterized in that: The furnace body includes a secondary combustion chamber, a combined combustion chamber, a lower combustion chamber, and an ignition chamber assembled from top to bottom. The secondary combustion chamber, combined combustion chamber, lower combustion chamber, and ignition chamber are all connected vertically. The combined combustion chamber includes multiple sub-combustion chamber units with the same structure. Each sub-combustion chamber unit includes a cylinder, an upper connecting structure, a lower connecting structure, a fuel connector for supplying fuel, and an air connector for supplying air. The sub-combustion chamber units are assembled into a combined combustion chamber by upper and lower connecting structures. The furnace capacity of the combined combustion chamber is adjusted by adjusting the number of sub-combustion chamber units.

2. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper and lower connecting structures are annular flanges, and the various sub-combustion chamber units, the combined combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber, and the combined combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber are all fixedly connected by annular flanges and bolts.

3. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the secondary combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber include air connectors for supplying air. The air supply angle of the air connectors is tangent to the inner wall of the furnace body to ensure complete combustion of fuel and generate cyclones in the combustion furnace.

4. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The furnace body also includes a temperature regulating device installed at the upper end of the auxiliary combustion chamber. The temperature regulating device is used to supplement cold air to regulate the temperature of the hot gas output from the combustion furnace.

5. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ignition chamber has a quick-opening door, which facilitates the maintenance of the ignition chamber and the ignition operation.

6. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel delivery device includes a fuel bin, a fuel delivery auger, a fuel delivery pipeline, and a fuel drive device. The fuel delivery auger is used to deliver fuel from the fuel bin to the fuel delivery pipeline. The fuel delivery pipeline connects to various fuel joints. The fuel drive device is used to deliver the fuel in the fuel delivery pipeline to the combustion furnace.

7. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air delivery device includes an air delivery equipment and an air delivery pipe, the air delivery pipe being used to connect the air delivery equipment and various air connectors.

8. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ash treatment device includes an operating platform, a support frame, and an ash removal device. The support frame supports the furnace body, the ash removal device is fixed on the support frame, and the operating platform is located on the side of the ignition chamber to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the ignition chamber and the ash removal device.

9. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ash removal device includes an ash hopper located at the lower end of the ignition chamber for collecting ash and a fuel ash collecting auger located at the lower end of the ash hopper for conveying ash.

10. The combined biomass suspension combustion furnace according to any one of claims 4, 6, or 7, characterized in that, The furnace body is also equipped with a PID controller on its outer side. The furnace body is equipped with multiple temperature sensors. Each of the temperature sensors, fuel driving device, temperature regulating device and air conveying device is electrically connected to the PID controller to realize automatic control of the combustion reaction in the combustion furnace.

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