Dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of anchoring, in particular to a dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor rod which comprises an anchor rod body, a first boss is arranged at the top of the anchor rod body, a third boss is arranged at the bottom of the anchor rod body, a second boss is further arranged on the anchor rod body at the position L above the third boss, and L is larger than or equal to 0. A bag is fixed between the first boss and the second boss, and a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe which penetrate through the first boss and extend into the bag are arranged on the first boss; a plurality of blades are movably connected to the end face of the third boss and can move between an unfolded state and a folded state, and elastic devices are further arranged between the blades and the third boss, so that the blades tend to move towards the unfolded state. According to the utility model, by integrating the structure of the bag and the anchor disc, the anchoring effect is improved, and the adaptability is obviously enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchoring, specifically to a dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor rod. Background Technology

[0002] As a commonly used support structure in geotechnical engineering, anchor bolts primarily function to transfer tensile or compressive strength through the interaction between the anchored section and the surrounding medium. Currently, common anchor bolt types mainly include two categories: bag-type anchor bolts and disc-type anchor bolts. Bag-type anchor bolts typically rely on a grout-formed bag as the anchoring unit, providing anchoring force through the bond between the grout (solidified material) and the soil or concrete structure. This type of anchor bolt is suitable for loose soil layers or scenarios requiring rapid consolidation, but its anchoring performance is easily affected by grout quality, grouting process, and the uniformity of the surrounding medium, and its long-term durability has certain limitations. Disc-type anchor bolts, on the other hand, use mechanical anchors as the main bearing unit, transferring loads through direct contact between the outer anchored section and the structure. This type of anchor bolt has the advantages of convenient installation and high adjustability, but it requires high strength and stiffness of the anchor base, and may face anchoring failure risks in soft strata or under large deformation conditions.

[0003] Although the two types of anchor bolts mentioned above have been widely used in engineering practice, both suffer from the limitations of a single anchoring mode: the bonded anchoring performance of bag-type anchor bolts is easily affected by environmental factors and requires a complex grouting process; the mechanical anchoring of disc-type anchor bolts relies on a high-strength base, making it difficult to adapt to multi-directional load requirements under complex geological conditions. Furthermore, existing technical specifications impose strict requirements on the axial alignment of anchor bolts, the arrangement of reaction devices, and the matching of composite elastic modulus, further highlighting the shortcomings of a single anchoring mode in terms of construction adaptability and load uniformity. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the above problems, this utility model proposes the following technical solution:

[0005] A dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt, a first boss at the top of the anchor bolt, a third boss at the bottom of the anchor bolt, and a second boss at a distance L above the third boss, where L is greater than or equal to 0.

[0006] A bladder is fixed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion. On the first protrusion, there is a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe that penetrate the first protrusion and extend into the bladder.

[0007] Multiple blades are movably connected to the end face of the third boss. These multiple blades can move between an extended state and a retracted state. An elastic device is also provided between the blades and the third boss, so that the blades tend to move towards the extended state.

[0008] Around the periphery of multiple blades on the third protrusion, there is a closed-loop constraint band that restricts the position of the multiple blades to the folded state. An unlocking device is also connected to the constraint band, with the other end of the unlocking device extending above the first protrusion. The unlocking device is used to unlock the constraint band so that the constraint band opens, thereby allowing the blades to move to the unfolded state.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end face of the first boss is further provided with an upper flange, and the upper end face of the second boss is further provided with a lower flange. The upper part of the bag is fixed on the upper flange, and the lower part of the bag is fixed on the lower flange. The grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe pass through the first boss at the inner side of the upper flange.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sections of the upper flange and the lower flange are rectangular.

[0011] Preferably, an upper clamp is provided on the upper flange that fixes the upper part of the pouch for further fixation; and a lower clamp is provided on the lower flange that fixes the lower part of the pouch for further fixation.

[0012] Preferably, the value of L is greater than the length of the blade on the third protrusion.

[0013] Preferably, the unlocking device is a pin or a pull cord.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic device is a torsion spring.

[0015] Preferably, the value of L is 0.

[0016] Preferably, the number of blades is even, each blade includes a core and a page, the area of ​​the page is larger than that of the core, the page is installed on the upper or lower end face of the core and the page installation positions of adjacent blades are opposite.

[0017] Preferably, a bottom flange is also provided on the lower end face of the third boss, and the elastic device is a hook spring, with one end of the hook spring connected to the bottom flange and the other end connected to the blade.

[0018] Beneficial Effects: In the technical solution of this utility model, the grouting bag forms an enlarged head, providing a large contact surface for bonding and anchoring force, while the anchor plate, as a rigid pressure-bearing structure, can effectively disperse the load to the surrounding rock and soil. The combination of these two components significantly improves the ultimate pull-out resistance of the anchor bolt compared to traditional single-structure anchors, making it particularly suitable for weak rock formations or high-load scenarios. The annular pressure-bearing surface of the anchor plate and the grouting body of the grouting bag form a mechanical complement, avoiding localized rock damage caused by stress concentration in traditional anchor plate anchor bolts. The grouting bag can adapt to irregular borehole walls, while the anchor plate ensures positioning accuracy through standardized installation. The combination of these two components significantly enhances adaptability to complex geological conditions (such as fractured zones and loose layers). Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the folded-up state in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the unfolded state in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point C;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the present invention after the pouch and clamp have been removed in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point D;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view at point F;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a top-view structural diagram of the anchor plate portion in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a structural view of the bottom surface of the anchor plate in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0032] Reference numerals: 1-Anchor bolt, 2-First boss, 3-Second boss, 4-Third boss, 5-Bag, 6-Upper flange, 7-Lower flange, 8-Upper clamp, 9-Lower clamp, 10-Grouting pipe, 11-Exhaust pipe, 12-Pin, 13-First blade, 14-Second blade, 141-Core, 142-Page, 15-Restraint band, 16-Bottom flange. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor bolt includes an anchor bolt 1, a first boss 2 is provided at the top of the anchor bolt 1, a third boss 4 is provided at the bottom of the anchor bolt 1, and a second boss 3 is also provided on the anchor bolt 1 at a distance L above the third boss 4.

[0036] Between the first protrusion 2 and the second protrusion 3, a bag 5 is fixed. On the first protrusion 2, there is a grouting pipe 10 and an exhaust pipe 11 that penetrate the first protrusion 2 and extend into the bag 5.

[0037] On the end face of the third protrusion 4, multiple blades are movably connected. In this embodiment, the blades are first blades 13. There are 5 first blades 13 in total, which are arranged in a circular array on the upper end face of the third protrusion 4. The multiple first blades 13 can move between the unfolded state and the retracted state. An elastic device is also provided between the blades and the third protrusion 4, so that the blades tend to move towards the unfolded state.

[0038] Around the periphery of multiple blades on the third protrusion 4, a closed-loop constraint band 15 is provided to restrict the position of multiple blades to a retracted state. An unlocking device is also connected to the constraint band 15, with the other end of the unlocking device extending above the first protrusion 2. The unlocking device is used to unlock the constraint band 15 so that the constraint band 15 opens, thereby allowing the blades to move to an unfolded state.

[0039] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the lower end face of the first boss 2 is also provided with an upper flange 6, and the upper end face of the second boss 3 is also provided with a lower flange 7. The upper part of the bag 5 is fixed on the upper flange 6, and the lower part of the bag 5 is fixed on the lower flange 7. The grouting pipe 10 and the exhaust pipe 11 pass through the first boss 2 at the position inside the upper flange 6. The cross-section of the upper flange 6 and the lower flange 7 is rectangular.

[0040] An upper clamp 8 is provided on the upper flange 6 that fixes the upper part of the pouch 5 for further fixation; a lower clamp 9 is provided on the lower flange 7 that fixes the lower part of the pouch 5 for further fixation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the value of L is greater than the length of the blade on the third boss 4;

[0042] In this embodiment, the unlocking device is a pin 12. In some embodiments, the unlocking device may also be a pull rope or other devices.

[0043] In this embodiment, the elastic device is a torsion spring.

[0044] The rectangular cross-sections of the upper flange 6 and the lower flange 7, together with the clamps 8 and 9, form a mechanical nested fixation, which effectively improves shear strength compared to traditional adhesive fixing methods. By setting the value of L to be greater than the length of the blade on the third boss 4, the blade can be better converged when in the retracted state.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] like Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, everything else is the same as in embodiment 1. The difference is that the value of L is 0, that is, the third boss 4 and the second boss 3 coincide, which makes the overall structure more compact.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, in this embodiment, the difference from embodiment 1 is that the blade is a second blade 14, and the number of second blades 14 is an even number. The second blade 14 includes a page core 141 and a page 142. The area of ​​the page 142 is larger than that of the page core 141. The page 142 is installed on the upper or lower end face of the page core 141, and the page installation positions of adjacent second blades 14 are opposite.

[0049] This embodiment also differs from Embodiment 1 in the following ways: a bottom flange 16 is provided on the lower end face of the third boss 4, and the elastic device is a hook spring, with one end of the hook spring connected to the bottom flange 16 and the other end connected to the second blade 14.

[0050] In this embodiment, there are a large number of blades, a total of 16, resulting in more even force distribution. However, due to the space constraints at the end face of the third boss 4, using a torsion spring is no longer the best solution. Therefore, a hook spring is installed between the bottom flange 16 and the blade as an elastic device, which is easy to install and more suitable for multi-blade applications. Meanwhile, the second blade 14 is configured as a core 141 and a page 142, with adjacent blades installed in opposite ways, which can create a better folding effect when the blades are folded.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt, characterized in that, The anchor bolt includes a first protrusion at the top of the anchor bolt, a third protrusion at the bottom of the anchor bolt, and a second protrusion at a distance L above the third protrusion, where L is greater than or equal to 0. A bladder is fixed between the first protrusion and the second protrusion. On the first protrusion, there is a grouting pipe and an exhaust pipe that penetrate the first protrusion and extend into the bladder. Multiple blades are movably connected to the end face of the third boss. These multiple blades can move between an extended state and a retracted state. An elastic device is also provided between the blades and the third boss, so that the blades tend to move towards the extended state. Around the periphery of multiple blades on the third protrusion, there is a closed-loop constraint band that restricts the position of the multiple blades to the folded state. An unlocking device is also connected to the constraint band, with the other end of the unlocking device extending above the first protrusion. The unlocking device is used to unlock the constraint band so that the constraint band opens, thereby allowing the blades to move to the unfolded state.

2. The dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end face of the first boss is also provided with an upper flange, and the upper end face of the second boss is also provided with a lower flange. The upper part of the bag is fixed on the upper flange, and the lower part of the bag is fixed on the lower flange. The grouting pipe and the exhaust pipe pass through the first boss at the inner side of the upper flange.

3. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower flanges have rectangular cross-sections.

4. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, An upper clamp is provided on the upper flange that fixes the upper part of the pouch for further fixation; a lower clamp is provided on the lower flange that fixes the lower part of the pouch for further fixation.

5. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value of L is greater than the length of the blade on the third protrusion.

6. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unlocking device is a pin or a pull rope.

7. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic device is a torsion spring.

8. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The value of L is 0.

9. A dual-mode pressure-bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of blades is even. Each blade includes a core and a page. The area of ​​the page is larger than that of the core. The page is installed on the upper or lower end face of the core, and the page installation positions of adjacent blades are opposite.

10. A dual-mode bearing anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bottom flange is also provided on the lower end face of the third boss. The elastic device is a hook spring, with one end of the hook spring connected to the bottom flange and the other end connected to the blade.

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