Cylindrical battery

Abstract

The utility model provides a cylindrical battery in order to solve the problem that in the prior art, when a new energy vehicle is impacted, a lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery is evolved into a larger fire in a short time under the condition that the lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery is damaged and is on fire. The heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation side wall and a heat insulation bottom; a through hole is formed in the center of the heat insulation bottom; the cylindrical battery comprises a shell, a roll core, positive / negative current collecting plates and a heat insulating layer. The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries. The cylindrical battery heat insulation structure has remarkable advantages. In the aspect of heat insulation performance, the heat insulation layer made of alumina ceramic fiber materials is low in heat conductivity and can effectively block high temperature and reduce the risk of thermal runaway; in the aspect of electrolyte circulation, a through hole in the heat insulation bottom is reasonably designed and is polished to ensure stable circulation of the electrolyte; in the aspect of structural stability, the organic silicon rubber binder is high in bonding strength at a high temperature, has elasticity and can buffer stress; the hydrophobic layer and the heat insulation cushion pad protect the internal structure of the battery in all directions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to battery technical field especially relates to a cylindrical battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery gradually becomes new energy industry mainstream product because of high energy density, capacity consistency is good, can support big ratio charge-discharge and so on superiority, with the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles, more and more car owners and manufacturers begin to pay attention to power battery safety.

[0003] Prior art in, new energy vehicles appear impact, lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery is damaged under the condition of fire, short time evolves into larger fire. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model discloses to solve the problem that new energy vehicles appear impact in prior art, lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery is damaged under the condition of fire, short time evolves into larger fire, and provide a cylindrical battery.

[0005] The utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

[0006] A cylindrical battery, including shell, roll core, positive / negative current collector and heat insulation layer;

[0007] The heat insulation layer includes:

[0008] Heat insulation side wall, the heat insulation side wall has cylindrical characteristics, is used for closely adhering to the side wall of cylindrical battery, to prevent the shell extreme high temperature to the battery interior transmission;

[0009] Heat insulation bottom, the heat insulation bottom is centrally provided with through hole, and the through hole is used for electrolyte flow;

[0010] The heat insulation layer material is ceramic fiber material.

[0011] Further, the ceramic fiber material is one or more combinations of aluminum oxide ceramic fiber, digital ceramic fiber or aluminum silicate fiber plate.

[0012] Further, the thickness of the heat insulation side wall is 0.5mm-1.5mm;The heat conductivity of heat insulation side wall is not higher than 0.2W / (mK) under 200 DEG C environment.

[0013] Further, the diameter of the through hole of the heat insulation bottom is 0.25-0.5 times of the inner core diameter of the cylindrical battery, and the through hole edge is smoothed, to reduce electrolyte flow resistance.

[0014] Further, the surface of the heat insulation layer is treated by hydrophobic, to prevent electrolyte penetration from affecting the heat insulation performance.

[0015] Further, the thermal insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the winding core, one end of the bottom of the thermal insulation layer is attached to the bottom of the shell, the metal ears at both ends of the winding core are respectively welded and fixed to the positive / negative current collecting plates, and the negative current collecting plate in the positive / negative current collecting plates is fixed by penetration welding to the bottom of the shell.

[0016] Further, the thermal insulation layer and the shell are connected by a high-temperature-resistant and elastic adhesive, and the adhesive has a bonding strength of not less than 4 MPa at a high temperature of 300 DEG C.

[0017] Further, a heat insulation buffer pad with a thickness of 0.1 mm-0.3 mm is arranged between the bottom of the thermal insulation layer and the shell bottom, and the heat insulation buffer pad is made of aerogel composite material.

[0018] The cylinder battery has the advantages that:

[0019] The cylindrical battery has the advantages that: in terms of thermal insulation performance, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer made of aluminum oxide ceramic fiber material is low, which can effectively block high temperature and reduce the risk of thermal runaway. In terms of electrolyte circulation, the through hole of the thermal insulation bottom is reasonably designed and polished, which ensures stable circulation of the electrolyte and maintains the battery performance and charge-discharge efficiency. In terms of structural stability, the organic silicone rubber adhesive has high bonding strength at high temperature and is elastic, which can buffer stress and enhance overall stability. The protection performance is good, and the hydrophobic layer and the heat insulation buffer pad protect the internal structure of the battery in all directions. The general-purpose and expansibility are excellent, and the cylindrical battery is suitable for various cylindrical batteries and is easy to popularize in the field of new energy. In addition, the assembly process is efficient, the steps are clear and easy to operate, there are clear quality guarantee measures, and the production efficiency can be improved and the product quality is consistent and stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an overall appearance structure diagram of the thermal insulation layer of the cylindrical battery.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the thermal insulation layer of the cylindrical battery.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structure diagram of the cylindrical battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The utility model discloses to solve the problem that the lithium ion / sodium ion cylindrical battery is damaged and catches fire when the new energy vehicle is impacted in the prior art, and the problem that the fire is evolved into a larger fire in a short time, provide a cylindrical battery.

[0025] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0026] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the utility model. In order to simplify the disclosure of the utility model, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the utility model.

[0027] The embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0028] The present embodiment discloses a cylindrical battery, the overall appearance structure diagram of the adiabatic layer of the cylindrical battery is as shown in the attached Figure 1 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the adiabatic layer of the cylindrical battery is as shown in the attached Figure 2 The structure diagram of the cylindrical battery is as shown in the attached Figure 3

[0029] The cylindrical battery disclosed in the present embodiment comprises a shell 4, a roll core 5, positive / negative current collecting discs 6, and an adiabatic layer, the adiabatic layer is arranged between the shell 4 and the roll core 5, the bottom 7 of the adiabatic layer is attached to the bottom of the shell 4 at one end, the metal ears at both ends of the roll core 5 are respectively welded and fixed to the positive / negative current collecting discs 6, and the negative current collecting disc 6 in the positive / negative current collecting discs 6 is fixedly penetrated and welded to the bottom of the shell 4.

[0030] The adiabatic structure comprises an adiabatic side wall 1 and an adiabatic bottom, and the adiabatic bottom is centrally provided with a through hole 3. The adiabatic material is as follows:

[0031] ​Material of the heat-insulating side wall 1: Alumina ceramic fiber is selected as the material for preparing the heat-insulating side wall 1, which is processed into a cylindrical shape through a specific process. The outer diameter of the cylindrical heat-insulating side wall 1 is adapted to the inner diameter of the cylindrical battery shell 4 to achieve close fitting. The heat-insulating side wall 1 is detected by a professional thermal conductivity testing device under a simulated 200°C environment, and the measured thermal conductivity is 0.18 W / (mK), which meets the requirement that the thermal conductivity is not higher than 0.2 W / (mK), thereby effectively preventing the high temperature of the shell 4 from being conducted to the inside of the battery.

[0032] Material of the heat-insulating bottom 2: The heat-insulating bottom 2 is also prepared from alumina ceramic fiber. The heat-insulating bottom 2 has a complete bottom shape, and a through hole 3 is arranged at the center of the bottom. The diameter of the through hole 3 is accurately designed to be 0.4 times the diameter of the inner core of the cylindrical battery. A high-precision polishing process is used to process the edges of the through hole 3 to achieve a smooth state, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the electrolyte and ensuring smooth flow of the electrolyte.

[0033] Surface treatment: The surface of the heat-insulating layer is treated by using a hydrophobic treatment technology to form a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the heat-insulating layer. The hydrophobic layer can effectively prevent the electrolyte from penetrating, thereby avoiding the adverse effects of electrolyte penetration on the heat-insulating performance and ensuring that the heat-insulating effect of the heat-insulating layer is not disturbed.

[0034] Adhesive: An organic silicone rubber adhesive is selected. The adhesive has a bonding strength of 4.5 MPa under a high temperature environment of 300°C, which is detected by a professional bonding strength testing device and is higher than the requirement of not less than 4 MPa. The adhesive can maintain good bonding performance under high temperature conditions, ensuring that the heat-insulating layer is stably connected with the shell 4. Meanwhile, the elastic properties of the adhesive can buffer the stress during the use of the battery, thereby enhancing the overall structural stability of the battery.

[0035] Thermal insulation cushion: An aerogel composite material is used to prepare a thermal insulation cushion, which is processed into a sheet structure with a thickness of 0.2 mm. The size of the thermal insulation cushion is matched with the bottom 7 of the heat-insulating layer, and the thermal insulation cushion is arranged between the bottom 7 of the heat-insulating layer and the bottom of the shell to play a role in thermal insulation and buffering, thereby blocking heat transfer and absorbing external impact energy to protect the internal structure of the battery.

[0036] The assembly process of the cylindrical battery disclosed in the embodiment is as follows:

[0037] Step S1, placing the heat-insulating layer: First, the prepared heat-insulating layer is placed inside the shell 4 of the cylindrical battery, so that the heat-insulating side wall 1 is closely fitted with the side wall of the shell 4, and there is no gap between them. Meanwhile, one end of the heat-insulating bottom 2 is completely fitted with the bottom of the shell 4, and the position of the heat-insulating layer in the shell 4 is accurate, so as to fully play the heat-insulating function of the heat-insulating layer.

[0038] Step S2, bonding the thermal insulation layer to the shell 4: evenly apply the silicone rubber adhesive to the contact surface of the thermal insulation layer and the shell 4, with a moderate thickness to avoid excessive or insufficient adhesive affecting the bonding effect. Then, gently press the thermal insulation layer onto the shell 4 to ensure a tight bond. Place the assembled battery in a constant temperature environment and allow the adhesive to fully cure according to its curing characteristics, thereby achieving a firm bond between the thermal insulation layer and the shell 4.

[0039] Step S3, placing the thermal insulation cushion: place the pre-prepared thermal insulation cushion between the bottom 7 of the thermal insulation layer and the shell bottom to ensure that the thermal insulation cushion evenly covers the area between the bottom 7 of the thermal insulation layer and the shell bottom, allowing it to effectively play a role in thermal insulation and cushioning, further improving the safety and stability of the battery.

[0040] Step S4, installing the roll core 5 and current collector disc 6: using precise welding technology, the metal ears at both ends of the roll core 5 are welded and fixed to the positive / negative current collector disc 6, ensuring the welding quality and forming a firm electrical connection between the metal ears and the current collector disc 6 with low resistance to reduce energy loss. The negative current collector disc 6 is fixed to the bottom of the shell 4 using a penetration welding method to ensure good electrical connection and mechanical strength between the negative current collector disc 6 and the shell 4, ensuring normal operation and stable performance of the battery. Then, place the roll core 5 into the shell 4 to ensure that the roll core 5 is centrally located and stably placed within the shell 4.

[0041] The cylindrical battery constructed by the above embodiment can effectively prevent the high temperature of the shell 4 from being transmitted to the inside of the battery under various working conditions, ensuring the normal circulation of the electrolyte, and enhancing the safety, stability, and reliability of the battery with the help of the adhesive and the thermal insulation cushion, providing strong protection for the performance and safety of the cylindrical battery, and having high practical value and promotion prospects.

[0042] The cylindrical battery disclosed in the embodiment has the following advantages:

[0043] Excellent thermal insulation performance: the thermal insulation layer is made of alumina ceramic fiber material with low thermal conductivity. In a simulated 200℃ environment, the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation side wall 1 is only 0.18 W / (mK), which is much lower than the standard of 0.2 W / (mK), effectively blocking the transmission of high temperature from the shell 4 to the inside of the battery, effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery in a high temperature environment, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery.

[0044] Stable electrolyte circulation: the diameter of the through hole 3 in the thermal insulation bottom is carefully designed to be 0.4 times the diameter of the inner core of the cylindrical battery, and is treated with high-precision polishing, which greatly reduces the flow resistance of the electrolyte, ensuring stable circulation of the electrolyte inside the battery, maintaining stable performance and high charge-discharge efficiency of the battery, and prolonging the service life of the battery.

[0045] Reliable structural stability: The adiabatic layer is connected with the shell 4 using silicone rubber adhesive, with a bonding strength of 4.5 MPa at 300℃ high temperature, higher than the requirement of 4 MPa. The adhesive not only maintains good bonding performance at high temperature, but also buffers the stress caused by temperature changes, charging and discharging during battery use, enhances the overall structural stability of the battery, and reduces structural damage caused by stress.

[0046] Good protection performance: The hydrophobic layer formed by the hydrophobic treatment of the surface of the adiabatic layer effectively prevents the penetration of electrolyte and maintains the good adiabatic effect of the adiabatic layer. The aerogel composite thermal buffer pad between the bottom 7 of the adiabatic layer and the bottom of the shell can further block heat transfer and absorb energy when the battery is subjected to external impact, providing comprehensive protection for the internal structure of the battery and improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0047] Excellent versatility and scalability: The adiabatic structure design is reasonable, the adiabatic side wall 1 is matched with the inner diameter of the cylindrical battery shell 4, and is suitable for various types of cylindrical batteries. Its structure and material selection have good versatility and scalability, and is easy to promote application in new energy vehicle, energy storage equipment and other fields, which helps to promote the progress and development of related industry technology.

[0048] Efficient assembly process: The assembly process of cylindrical battery is clear and simple to operate. From placing the adiabatic layer, bonding the adiabatic layer with the shell 4, placing the thermal buffer pad to installing the winding core 5 and the current collector plate 6, each step has clear operation requirements and quality assurance measures, which can effectively improve the production efficiency and ensure the consistency and stability of product quality.

Claims

1. A cylindrical battery, characterized by comprising: The shell, the roll core, the positive / negative current collector plate and the thermal insulation layer are included. The thermal insulation layer includes: Thermal insulation side walls with cylindrical features for closely fitting the side walls of the cylindrical battery to prevent the transmission of extremely high temperature of the shell to the inside of the battery; Thermal insulation bottom with a through hole in the center for electrolyte flow; The thermal insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material.

2. The cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized by, The ceramic fiber material is one or a combination of alumina ceramic fiber, digital ceramic fiber or aluminum silicate fiber board.

3. The cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized by, The thickness of the thermal insulation side wall is 0.5-1.5mm, and the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation side wall is not higher than 0.2W / (mK) at 200℃.

4. The cylindrical battery according to claim 1, characterized by, The diameter of the through hole of the thermal insulation bottom is 0.25-0.5 times the diameter of the inner core of the cylindrical battery, and the edge of the through hole is smoothed to reduce the flow resistance of the electrolyte.

5. The cylindrical battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The surface of the thermal insulation layer is treated with hydrophobic treatment to prevent the electrolyte from penetrating and affecting the thermal insulation performance.

6. The cylindrical battery according to claim 5, characterized by The thermal insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the roll core, one end of the thermal insulation layer bottom is attached to the shell bottom, the metal ears at both ends of the roll core are respectively welded and fixed to the positive / negative current collector plate, and the negative current collector plate in the positive / negative current collector plate is fixed by penetrating welding with the shell bottom.

7. The cylindrical battery according to claim 6, characterized by The thermal insulation layer and the shell are connected by a high-temperature-resistant and elastic adhesive, and the adhesive strength of the adhesive at 300℃ is not less than 4MPa.

8. The cylindrical battery according to any one of claims 6-7, characterized in that, A layer of thermal insulation cushion with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm is arranged between the thermal insulation layer bottom and the shell bottom, and the thermal insulation cushion is made of aerogel composite material.

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