Switch assembly, machining equipment and machining system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switch assembly, machining equipment and a machining system, the switch assembly is suitable for the machining equipment, and the machining equipment comprises a first power interface, a second power interface, a 3D printing head and a laser machining head detachably connected with the 3D printing head; wherein the switch assembly is provided with a control switch and a first communication interface, and the control switch is connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head. The first communication interface is used for plugging a connector, the first communication interface is also used for connecting a second power supply interface, and the voltage at the second power supply interface is lower than that at the first power supply interface. The connector can serve as a safety key for starting the laser machining head, and whether the laser machining head can be started or not is recognized by detecting the connector inserted into the first communication interface. The control switch can control connection and disconnection between the first power interface and the laser processing head. And the safety of the processing equipment during production and processing is improved through double guarantee of the connector and the control switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing, and in particular to a switch assembly, processing equipment, and processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Laser processing is a technology that uses the interaction of a high-energy laser beam with materials to perform cutting, welding, marking, engraving, cladding, micromachining, and other processes. Compared to traditional machining, laser processing offers advantages such as high precision, high efficiency, non-contact operation, and wide material adaptability, and is widely used in manufacturing, electronics, aerospace, medical, and automotive industries. However, due to the high energy, high brightness, and high directionality of laser processing, without appropriate safety measures, it may cause damage to the eyes, skin, and even human tissue. Therefore, processing equipment using laser methods requires adequate safety precautions. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a switching component, processing equipment, and processing system that can improve the safety of the processing process.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a switch assembly suitable for processing equipment, the processing equipment including a first power interface, a second power interface, a 3D printing head, and a laser processing head detachably connected to the 3D printing head; wherein...

[0005] The switching assembly has a control switch and a first communication interface, with the control switch connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head;

[0006] The first communication interface is used to connect a connector, and the first communication interface is also used to connect a second power interface, the voltage at the second power interface being lower than the voltage at the first power interface.

[0007] In some feasible implementations, the second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface;

[0008] The first communication interface has a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to a high-level interface and the second port is connected to a low-level interface.

[0009] When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are shorted.

[0010] In some feasible implementations, the first communication interface also includes a third port and a fourth port, with the two ends of the control switch connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head via the third port and the fourth port, respectively.

[0011] In some feasible implementations, the switch assembly includes a mounting portion for mounting to the processing equipment.

[0012] In some feasible implementations, the fixing part is a protrusion, which is used to snap onto the side of the processing equipment.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a processing device, including a first power interface, a 3D printing head, a processing platform, and a working interface. The working interface is connected between the first power interface and the processing platform. The working interface is used to insert a connector, and when the connector is inserted into the working interface, the working interface is short-circuited.

[0014] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a second power interface for connecting a switching assembly, the switching assembly having a first communication interface for plugging in a connector.

[0015] The second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface;

[0016] The first communication interface has a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to a high-level interface and the second port is connected to a low-level interface.

[0017] When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are shorted.

[0018] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a housing that houses the 3D printing head; the housing includes a body and a safety door detachably connected to the body, the body is provided with a sensor, the safety door includes a protective plate and a glass plate, the protective plate is provided with a first magnet, the glass plate is provided with a second magnet, the magnetic polarity of the first magnet and the magnetic polarity of the second magnet are opposite, and the sensor is used to identify the first magnet and the second magnet.

[0019] In some feasible implementations, the body has a door frame, and the sensor is set in the door frame and faces the outer peripheral side of the security door.

[0020] In some feasible implementations, the body is made of metal, the shell has a cavity to accommodate the 3D printing head, and a third magnet is provided on the side of the safety door facing the cavity. The third magnet is used to attract the safety door to the body when the safety door is closed.

[0021] Thirdly, this application provides a processing system, which includes a switching assembly, processing equipment, a first connector, and a second connector. The switching assembly has a control switch and a first communication interface. The processing equipment includes a first power interface, a second power interface, a 3D printing head, and a laser processing head detachably connected to the 3D printing head.

[0022] The control switch is connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head;

[0023] The first connector is used to plug into the first communication interface, and the first communication interface is also used to connect to the second power interface, wherein the voltage at the second power interface is lower than the voltage at the first power interface.

[0024] The processing equipment also includes a working interface and a controllable switch. The working interface and the control switch are connected in parallel, and the working interface is short-circuited when the second connector is plugged into the working interface.

[0025] The controllable switch is connected in series with the laser processing head.

[0026] In some feasible implementations, the first connector and the second connector are the same connector.

[0027] In some feasible implementations, the second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface;

[0028] The first communication interface has a first port and a second port. The first port is connected to a high-level interface and the second port is connected to a low-level interface.

[0029] When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are shorted.

[0030] In some feasible implementations, the first communication interface also includes a third port and a fourth port, with the two ends of the control switch connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head via the third port and the fourth port, respectively.

[0031] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a processing platform; the branch circuit of the controllable switch connected in series with the laser processing head is connected in parallel with the processing platform.

[0032] In some feasible implementations, the switch assembly includes a mounting portion for mounting to the processing equipment.

[0033] In some feasible implementations, the fixing part is a protrusion, which is used to snap onto the side of the processing equipment.

[0034] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a housing, one of which, along with the switch assembly, is provided with a groove, and the other with a protrusion that engages with the groove.

[0035] In some feasible implementations, the housing includes a base and a peripheral side surface, with a groove provided at the connection between the peripheral side surface and the base.

[0036] In some feasible implementations, the machining system also includes a microcontroller and a position detector positioned near the groove;

[0037] The position detector is connected to the input of the microcontroller, and the output of the microcontroller is connected to the controllable switch.

[0038] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a housing, which includes a body and a safety door detachably connected to the body. The body is equipped with a sensor, and the safety door includes a protective plate and a glass plate. The protective plate is equipped with a first magnet, and the glass plate is equipped with a second magnet. The magnetic polarities of the first magnet and the second magnet are opposite.

[0039] In some feasible implementations, the body has a door frame, and the sensor is set in the door frame and faces the outer peripheral side of the security door.

[0040] In some feasible implementations, the processing equipment also includes a microcontroller, with the sensor connected to the input of the microcontroller and the output of the microcontroller connected to a controllable switch.

[0041] In some feasible implementations, the body is made of metal, the shell has a cavity to accommodate the 3D printing head, and a third magnet is provided on the side of the safety door facing the cavity. The third magnet is used to attract the safety door to the body when the safety door is closed.

[0042] In some feasible implementations, the processing system also includes at least one microcontroller and a laser processing head, which is detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and the microcontroller is communicatively connected to the 3D printing head.

[0043] In some feasible implementations, the processing system also includes at least one microcontroller and a current sensor, with the current sensor located on the branch connected in series with the controllable switch and the laser processing head, and the current sensor being communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

[0044] The switch assembly provided in this application includes a control switch and a first communication interface. When a laser processing head is connected to the 3D printing head inside the processing equipment, the switch assembly connects to the processing equipment. The ability to start the laser processing head is determined by detecting whether a connector is inserted into the first communication interface. The connector is a key with a security key or a security key managed by authorized personnel to prevent unauthorized operation of the laser processing head. The control switch controls the connection between the first power interface and the laser processing head. In case of an emergency during processing, the control switch disconnects the first power interface from the laser processing head, ensuring that the laser processing head can quickly and effectively cut off power in an emergency. This dual protection of the connector and the control switch enhances the safety of the processing equipment during production. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a processing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 An assembly drawing of a 3D printing head and a laser processing head provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view;

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Another perspective of the exploded view;

[0050] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second power interface provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a switching assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a first communication interface provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of a switching assembly and a processing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between a switching assembly and a processing device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 10 An assembly drawing of a switch assembly and processing equipment provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 11 A circuit schematic diagram of a processing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 12 Another circuit diagram of a processing system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0058] Attached image captions:

[0059] 100-3D Printer Head, 101-3D Printer Driver, 115-Mounting Part, 200-Laser Processing Head, 201-Laser Driver, 215-Connector, 300-Guide Part, 400-Processing Platform, 500-First Power Interface, 501-DC Power Supply, 600-Second Power Interface, 610-Working Interface, 611-Fifth Port, 612-Sixth Port, 621-High-Level Interface, 622-Low-Level Interface, 700-Switch Assembly, 710 - Control switch, 720 First communication interface, 721 First port, 722 Second port, 723 Third port, 724 Fourth port, 730 Fixing part, 731 Groove, 732 Position detector, 733 Base, 734 Protrusion, 735 Peripheral side, 740 External cable, 800 Controllable switch, 900 Connector, 901 Sensor, 902 Current sensor, 903 First microcontroller, 904 Second microcontroller. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a processing apparatus. The processing apparatus includes a guide 300, a processing platform 400, a 3D printing head 100, and a laser processing head 200, the laser processing head 200 being detachably connected to the printing head 100. In some feasible embodiments, the processing apparatus is a gantry structure (e.g., Figure 1 As shown, the guide 300 is supported by two vertical columns along the Z-axis. The guide 300 can move up and down along the Z-axis, the 3D printing head 100 can move along the guide 300 in the Y-axis direction, and the processing platform 400 moves in the X-axis direction. Optionally, the processing equipment can be a CoreXY structure, where the guide 300 is supported by a frame on the processing equipment, the 3D printing head 100 can move along the guide 300 in the XY plane under the drive of a belt, and the processing platform 400 is connected to a Z-axis lead screw to achieve movement in the Z-axis direction. For example, the guide 300 can be at least one of a Y-axis linear guide, a carbon rod, and an X-axis optical axis. Optionally, the processing equipment can also be a cantilever structure, where the guide 300 is supported by one Z-axis column, the guide 300 can move up and down along the Z-axis, the 3D printing head 100 can move along the guide 300 in the Y-axis direction, and the processing platform 400 moves in the X-axis direction.

[0062] It should be understood Figure 1This is merely an illustration and does not limit the structural type of the processing equipment. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly defined. "Connection" includes detachable and non-detachable connections. For example, a fixed connection can include detachable fixed connections and non-detachable fixed connections, a rotating connection can include detachable rotating connections and non-detachable rotating connections, and a sliding connection can include detachable sliding connections and non-detachable sliding connections. A connection can also be a direct connection or an indirect connection through a component. For example, a detachable fixed connection refers to a connection where the positional relationship between at least two connected objects can be fixed in the installed state; similar examples include rotating connections and sliding connections.

[0063] For example, the 3D printing head 100 is slidably connected to the guide member 300. The guide member 300 supports the 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200. The 3D printing head 100 is slidably connected to the guide member 300, and during processing, the 3D printing head 100 can slide linearly along the extension direction of the guide member 300. The guide member 300 can also drive the 3D printing head 100 to move along its width direction and move it up and down. The sliding of the 3D printing head 100 along the extension direction of the guide member 300, the movement of the 3D printing head 100 along its width direction, and the up and down movement of the 3D printing head 100 can be coordinated by a stepper motor and a transmission system. This allows the stepper motor to drive the 3D printing head 100 to move precisely in three-dimensional space via a lead screw, ensuring that the material processed by the 3D printing head 100 is shaped according to the designed trajectory.

[0064] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4The 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200 are detachably connected. The 3D printing head 100 is provided with a mounting part 115, and the laser processing head 200 is provided with a connecting part 215. The 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200 are connected by the cooperation of the mounting part 115 and the connecting part 215. There are various ways for the mounting part 115 and the connecting part 215 to cooperate. For example, the mounting part 115 and the connecting part 215 can cooperate by a snap-fit ​​part and a limiting groove. The limiting groove is provided in the mounting part 115, and the snap-fit ​​part is provided in the connecting part 215. The snap-fit ​​part extends into the limiting groove, so that the connecting part 215 clamps the mounting part 115, thereby connecting the 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200. In this application, the connecting part 215 is provided with a corresponding protrusion as a snap-fit ​​part. When the laser processing head 200 is connected to the 3D printing head 100, the laser processing head 200 is installed on the 3D printing head 100 from top to bottom. The snap-fit ​​part on the connecting part 215 of the laser processing head 200 extends into the limiting groove provided on the mounting part 115 of the 3D printing head 100, thereby snapping the connecting part 215 of the laser processing head 200 onto the mounting part 115 of the 3D printing head 100, thereby connecting the laser processing head 200 and the 3D printing head 100, facilitating the installation and disassembly between the 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200, and improving the installation efficiency of the 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200.

[0065] A processing platform refers to a general-purpose workbench that can be used for various processing methods. For example, the processing platform of this application can be used for various processing methods such as 3D printing and laser processing. In 3D printing, the processing platform can be considered a printing platform, which may include a heated bed, and may further include at least one of a printing panel located on the heated bed and a heated bed support for supporting the heated bed, wherein the heated bed support can elastically support the heated bed or fixedly support the heated bed and the printing panel. In laser processing, the processing platform may include a laser pad on which the object to be laser-processed is placed. Optionally, if the processing equipment can perform both 3D printing and laser processing, the processing platform may include a laser pad and may further include a heated bed, and may even include a printing panel. When laser processing is required, the laser pad can be placed on the heated bed; when 3D printing is required, the laser pad is removed and the printing panel is placed on the heated bed. Alternatively, the processing platform can also be a printing platform, where the processing equipment can engrave / cut the printed part while printing, or engrave / cut the printed part on the printing platform after printing is complete.

[0066] In existing processing equipment, the decision to equip it with an emergency stop switch usually depends on different functional requirements. Specifically: equipment with only 3D printing capabilities: due to its relatively simple operation and low risk, it usually does not need to be equipped with an emergency stop switch.

[0067] Equipment with 3D printing and laser cutting capabilities: Due to the high-risk nature of laser cutting operations, an emergency stop switch is essential to ensure operational safety. If the emergency stop switch is integrated into the 3D printer body, users who only purchase the 3D printing function and not the laser cutting kit will incur an additional cost for the emergency stop switch. This not only increases the user's purchase cost but may also lead to the emergency stop switch being idle when not needed, resulting in resource waste. To address these issues, this application provides a switch assembly suitable for use with... Figure 1 The processing equipment combination shown has a switching assembly connected to the processing equipment when the 3D printing head is connected to the laser processing head 200, ensuring that the laser processing head 200 can quickly and effectively cut off the power in an emergency.

[0068] The processing equipment provided in this application also includes a first power interface and a second power interface. The voltage at the second power interface is lower than the voltage at the first power interface. The first power interface is an AC power supply, and the voltage at the first power interface can be 100V, 110V, 220V, 230V, or other power supply voltages. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The second power interface 600 includes a working interface 610, a high-level interface 621, and a low-level interface 622. For example, the second power interface 600 can be located on the outside of the processing equipment's chassis for easy connector insertion by the user. When the 3D print head is not connected to the laser processing head 200, the processing equipment does not need to connect a switching assembly. In this case, the working interface 610 is connected between the first power interface and the processing platform. The working interface 610 is used to insert the connector 900, and when the connector 900 is inserted into the working interface 610, the working interface 610 is short-circuited. The connector 900 acts as a power-on key to control the power supply to the 3D print head. When the working interface 610 is inserted into the connector 900, the 3D printer can be powered on. For example, the connector 900 can be an insertable key. When the connector 900 is inserted into the working interface 610, the internal circuit of the second power interface 600 is connected, thereby enabling power to the 3D print head.

[0069] In some feasible implementations, the working interface 610 includes a fifth port 611 and a sixth port 612. The fifth port 611 is connected to the high-level interface 621, and the sixth port 612 is connected to the low-level interface 622. The processing equipment can collect the voltage change at the high-level interface 621 of the second power interface. When the connector 900 is inserted into the working interface 610, the working interface 610 is connected to the high-level interface 621 through the fifth port 611 and to the low-level interface 622 through the sixth port 612. At this time, the fifth port 611 and the sixth port 612 are shorted. The voltage level at the high-level interface 621 changes from high to low until it is equivalent to the voltage level at the low-level interface 622. When the processing equipment collects the change in voltage level at the high-level interface 621 from high to low, it indicates that the connector has been inserted into the working interface 610, thereby recognizing that the connector 900 has been inserted into the processing equipment.

[0070] Please see Figure 6 The switch assembly 700 provided in this application includes a fixing part 730, a control switch 710, and a first communication interface 720. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 The first communication interface 720 has a first port 721, a second port 722, a third port 723, and a fourth port 724. The first communication interface 720 is used to connect to the connector 900. When the first communication interface is inserted into the connector 900, the first port 721 and the second port 722 are shorted. When the 3D printing head is connected to the laser processing head 200, the switch assembly 700 is mounted on the processing equipment via a fixing part 730. In some feasible embodiments, the fixing part 730 of the switch assembly 700 can be a protrusion for snapping onto the side of the processing equipment; alternatively, the fixing part 730 of the processing equipment can be a slot for snapping onto the protrusion on the side of the processing equipment. In some feasible embodiments, the processing equipment includes a housing, one of which, along with a switch assembly 700, has a recess, and the other has a protrusion. The switch assembly 700 and the processing equipment are mounted via the recess and the protrusion. For example, the housing has a recess, and the fixing portion 730 of the switch assembly 700 is a protrusion; the switch assembly 700 is mounted to the processing equipment by engaging the protrusion with the recess. Alternatively, the housing has a protrusion, and the fixing portion 730 of the switch assembly 700 is a recess; the switch assembly 700 is mounted to the processing equipment by engaging the protrusion with the recess. This snap-fit ​​mounting design facilitates the installation and removal of the switch assembly 700 from the processing equipment.

[0071] Please see Figure 8The control switch 710 of the switch assembly 700 is connected between the first power interface 500 and the laser processing head 200. For example, the control switch 710 can be a switch with a red button; when the button is pressed, the internal mechanical mechanism immediately disconnects the circuit. Under normal operating conditions, the control switch 710 is in the "on" position, the circuit is closed, and power is supplied to the laser processing head 200 through the first power interface 500. In emergency situations, such as when an abnormality occurs during laser processing, the operator can press or release the button, and the mechanical mechanism will immediately activate, disconnecting the circuit and cutting off the power to the laser processing head 200. In the electrical connection, power enters the circuit through the first power interface 500. If the control switch 710 is in the "on" position, the circuit is closed, and power is supplied to the laser processing head 200. When the button is pressed, the control switch 710 opens, the circuit is interrupted, and power is stopped supplying the laser processing head 200. Or, when the button is released, the control switch 710 opens, the circuit is interrupted, and power is stopped supplying the laser processing head 200. This application does not limit the state of the button or the open / closed state of the circuit.

[0072] Please see Figure 8 The working interface and control switch 710 are connected in parallel. Both the working interface and control switch 710 can control the power supply to the laser processing head 200. When the 3D printing head is not connected to the laser processing head 200, the connector is inserted into the working interface, and the power supply between the first power interface 500 and the laser processing head 200 is controlled by shorting the working interfaces. When the 3D printing head is connected to the laser processing head 200, the working interface and control switch 710 are connected in parallel. The two ends of the control switch 710 are connected between the first power interface 500 and the laser processing head 200 through the third port 723 and the fourth port 724, respectively. When a connector is detected inserted into the first communication interface, the control switch 710 is in the "on" position, the circuit is closed, and power is supplied to the laser processing head 200 through the first power interface 500. The connector that can be inserted into the working interface and the connector that can be inserted into the first communication interface are the same connector to simplify connector types and reduce production costs.

[0073] Please see Figure 8 The processing equipment also includes a controllable switch 800, which is located between the DC power supply 501 and the laser processing head 200. The controllable switch 800 and the laser processing head 200 are connected in series, and the branch of the controllable switch 800 connected in series with the laser processing head 200 is connected in parallel with the processing platform. The controllable switch 800 is used to control the conduction of the power supply to the laser processing head 200. The controllable switch 800 can be a relay, solid-state relay, transistor, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, triode, or other switching device. The DC power supply 501 is used to supply power to the contacts on the controllable switch 800, and the voltage of the DC power supply 501 can be 5V, 12V, 24V, or other voltages.

[0074] Please see Figure 9 The first communication interface has a first port 721 connected to a high-level interface and a second port 722 connected to a low-level interface. The first communication interface is also used for connector insertion. When the connector is inserted into the first communication interface, the first port 721 and the second port 722 are short-circuited. The processing equipment can collect voltage changes at the high-level interface of the second power interface. When the connector is inserted into the first communication interface, the first communication interface is connected to the high-level interface through the first port 721 and to the low-level interface through the second port 722. At this time, the first port 721 and the second port 722 are short-circuited, and the voltage at the high-level port changes from high to low until it is equivalent to the voltage at the low-level port. When the processing equipment collects the change in voltage at the high-level interface from high to low, it indicates that the connector has been inserted into the first communication interface, thus recognizing that the connector has been inserted into the switching assembly. When the switching assembly is recognized as having a connector inserted, it indicates that the laser processing head can be started by the operator for processing.

[0075] The processing system provided in this application includes, for example: Figure 1 The processing equipment shown and such Figure 6 The switch assembly shown.

[0076] The processing equipment also includes a housing that houses the 3D printing head. The housing comprises a main body and a safety door detachably connected to it. The safety door includes a protective plate and a glass plate. When the 3D printing head is not connected to a laser processing head, the safety door is a glass plate, allowing operators to easily observe the completion status of the 3D printing head's tasks and ensure that the 3D printing head prints the product along the correct working path. When the 3D printing head is connected to a laser processing head, a high-energy laser beam is generated during laser processing. Direct exposure could cause serious eye damage or skin burns to the operator. In this case, the safety door is a protective plate. The protective plate can be made of a transparent material, such as polycarbonate or acrylic, to allow the operator to clearly observe the processing process for easy monitoring and operation. Alternatively, the protective plate can be made of a metal material, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or galvanized steel, to provide better mechanical protection against external impacts.

[0077] The main body is equipped with a sensor, the protective plate with a first magnet, and the glass plate with a second magnet. The magnetic polarities of the first and second magnets are opposite. The sensor is used to identify the first and second magnets. A first magnet (which can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet) is positioned at a specific location on the protective plate, and a second magnet (also a permanent magnet or an electromagnet) is positioned at a corresponding location on the glass plate. The magnetic polarity of the second magnet is opposite to that of the first magnet; for example, the first magnet has a north pole (N) and the second magnet has a south pole (S). When the sensor detects the north pole, the safety door on the main body is the protective plate; when the sensor detects the south pole, the safety door on the main body is the glass plate. The sensor can be a Hall effect sensor or a magnetoresistive sensor, used to detect the presence and relative position of the first and second magnets. For example, when the 3D printing head is connected to a laser processing head, the sensor detects the type of safety door. When the sensor detects the glass plate, the processing equipment alarms to remind the operator to replace the glass plate with the protective plate. When the sensor detects the protective plate, it further checks whether the plate is closed. If the sensor detects that the plate is not closed, the laser processing head cannot start, and the processing equipment will issue an alarm to remind the operator to close the protective plate. During laser processing, the sensor continuously monitors the state of the first and second magnets. If the sensor detects that the protective plate is open, the processing equipment will control the laser processing head to pause operation. By detecting the magnetic polarity of the first and second magnets to distinguish the type of safety door, and by detecting the position of the first and second magnets to determine whether the safety door is closed, the safety and reliability of the processing equipment during production can be guaranteed.

[0078] In some feasible implementations, the body has a door frame, and a sensor is disposed on the door frame, facing the outer peripheral side of the security door. With the sensor facing the outer peripheral side of the security door, it can directly detect the relative position and state between the security door and the door frame. Because the sensor is directly opposite the contact surface or edge of the security door, it can more accurately determine whether the security door is fully closed or in the correct position.

[0079] In some feasible implementations, the processing system includes a microcontroller, with sensors connected to the microcontroller's input and the microcontroller's output connected to a controllable switch. The microcontroller can be a single-chip microcomputer or a dedicated control module for processing signals from the sensors. When the sensor detects that the safety door is closed, the controllable switch can close to supply power to the laser processing head; when the sensor detects that the safety door is open, the controllable switch opens to stop supplying power to the laser processing head, ensuring safety during the laser processing process.

[0080] In some feasible implementations, the main body is made of metal, and the housing has a cavity to accommodate the 3D printing head. A third magnet is provided on the side of the safety door facing the cavity. The third magnet is used to attract the safety door to the main body when the safety door is closed. The third magnet can automatically attract the safety door to the main body, realizing automatic closure of the safety door. The magnetic attraction force can ensure that the safety door is fully closed, avoiding situations where the safety door is not closed tightly due to human negligence or misoperation. At the same time, using magnetic attraction can reduce reliance on mechanical latches or hinges, thereby reducing wear on mechanical parts and extending the service life of the safety door.

[0081] One of the switching assembly and the processing equipment has a groove, and the other has a protrusion. The switching assembly and the processing equipment are installed through the groove and the protrusion. For example, the housing is provided with a groove, and the fixing part of the switching assembly is a protrusion. The switching assembly is installed into the processing equipment by inserting the protrusion into the groove; or, the housing is provided with a protrusion, and the fixing part of the switching assembly is a groove. The switching assembly is installed into the processing equipment by inserting the groove into the protrusion.

[0082] Please see Figure 10 In some feasible embodiments, the housing includes a base 733 and a peripheral side surface 735. A groove 731 is provided at the connection between the peripheral side surface 735 and the base 733. The switch assembly 700 is installed at the connection between the peripheral side surface 735 and the base 733 by engaging the groove 731 with a protrusion 734, facilitating quick location and operation by the operator in emergency situations. In some feasible embodiments, the processing system includes a position detector 732, which is located near the groove 731. The position detector 732 can be a photoelectric sensor, a Hall sensor, or a magnetic induction sensor. The position detector 732 is installed on the edge of the groove 731 to detect whether the switch assembly 700 is correctly installed in the designated position. The position detector is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller, and the output terminal of the microcontroller is connected to the controllable switch. If the position detector detects that the switch assembly is in the designated position, the microcontroller outputs a normal control signal, and the controllable switch keeps the laser processing head running normally. If the position detector detects that the switch assembly is not in the designated position, the microcontroller outputs a control signal to cause the controllable switch to cut off the power supply to the laser processing head. By combining a position detector and a microcontroller, the position status of the switch assembly can be monitored in real time, ensuring that it can be operated correctly in an emergency.

[0083] Please see Figure 11The switch assembly 700 is connected to the second power interface 600 of the processing equipment via an external cable 740. The processing system also includes a first microcontroller 903, a second microcontroller 904, a laser processing head 200, and a current sensor 902. The laser head is detachably connected to the 3D printing head 100. The input terminal of the first microcontroller 903 is connected to the sensor 901, and the output terminal of the first microcontroller 903 is connected to the controllable switch 800. When the sensor 901 detects that the safety door is closed, the first microcontroller 903 controls the controllable switch 800 to close so that power is supplied to the laser processing head 200. When the sensor 901 detects that the safety door is open, the first microcontroller 903 controls the controllable switch 800 to open so that power is stopped from supplying power to the laser processing head 200, ensuring the safety of the laser processing head 200 during the processing process. For example, when sensor 901 is a Hall effect detector, it can transmit the Hall effect signal (H1) of the safety door to the first microcontroller 903. The first microcontroller 903 determines the open and closed state of the safety door by detecting the Hall effect signal, and then controls the on / off state of the controllable switch 800. The input terminal of the second microcontroller 904 is connected to sensor 901, and the output terminal is connected to controllable switch 800. When sensor 901 detects that the safety door is closed, the second microcontroller 904 controls controllable switch 800 to close so that power is supplied to the laser processing head 200. When sensor 901 detects that the safety door is open, the second microcontroller 904 controls controllable switch 800 to open so that power is stopped from supplying power to the laser processing head 200, ensuring the safety of the laser processing head 200 during processing. For example, when sensor 901 is a Hall effect detector, sensor 901 can transmit the Hall effect 2 signal (detecting the switch position of the safety door) to the second microcontroller 904. The second microcontroller 904 determines the open and closed state of the safety door by detecting the Hall effect 2 signal, and then controls the on / off state of the controllable switch 800. If the communication between the first microcontroller 903 or the second microcontroller 904 and other devices is abnormal, the first microcontroller 903 or the second microcontroller 904 will also control the controllable switch 800 to open. When either the first microcontroller 903 or the second microcontroller 904 issues an open command to the controllable switch 800, the controllable switch 800 will open.

[0084] Please see Figure 11A current sensor 902 is disposed on the branch in series between the controllable switch 800 and the laser processing head 200. The controllable switch 800 is disposed between the DC power supply 501 and the laser processing head 200. The current sensor 902 is connected to the input terminal of the second microcontroller 904. The second microcontroller 904 periodically reads the input signal of the current sensor 902 to obtain the current value passing through the laser processing head 200. According to preset thresholds and logic rules, the second microcontroller 904 analyzes the current value. For example, it determines whether the current is within the normal range and whether there is overcurrent or undercurrent. Based on the analysis results, the second microcontroller 904 sends a control signal to the controllable switch 800 through its output terminal, thereby cutting off the power supply to the laser processing head 200 to prevent equipment damage or safety accidents. In some feasible embodiments, the first and second microcontrollers can also issue alarms through buzzers, indicator lights, or remote monitoring systems to notify operators.

[0085] Please see Figure 11 The first microcontroller 903 is also used to detect the insertion of the connector on the first communication interface, i.e., insertion detection 1. The first microcontroller 903 identifies the insertion of the connector by acquiring and analyzing the voltage change at the high-level interface of the second power interface 600. When the connector is inserted into the first communication interface, the first communication interface is connected to the high-level interface of the second power interface 600 through the first port 721 and to the low-level interface of the second power interface 600 through the second port 722. At this time, the first port 721 and the second port 722 are shorted, and the voltage level at the high-level interface changes from high to low until it is equivalent to the voltage level at the low-level interface. When the processing equipment acquires the change in voltage level at the high-level interface from high to low, it indicates that the connector has been inserted into the first communication interface, thereby identifying that the connector has been inserted into the switch assembly 700. When the switch assembly 700 is identified as having a connector inserted, it indicates that the laser processing head 200 can be started by the operator for processing.

[0086] Please see Figure 11 The second microcontroller 904 is also used to detect the insertion of the connector on the working interface, i.e., insertion detection 2. The second microcontroller 904 identifies the connector insertion by acquiring and analyzing the voltage change at the high-level interface of the second power interface 600. When the connector is inserted into the working interface, the working interface is connected to the high-level interface through the fifth port and to the low-level interface through the sixth port. At this time, the fifth and sixth ports are shorted, and the voltage level at the high-level interface changes from high to low until it is equivalent to the voltage level at the low-level interface. When the second microcontroller 904 acquires the change in voltage level at the high-level interface from high to low, it indicates that the connector has been inserted into the working interface, thus identifying that the connector has been inserted into the processing equipment.

[0087] Please see Figure 11 The output of the second microcontroller 904 is also connected to the processing platform 400, the 3D printing head 100 and the laser processing head 200. The second microcontroller 904 can control the movement of the processing platform 400, the movement of the 3D printing head 100 and the movement of the laser processing head 200.

[0088] Please see Figure 12 The processing system also includes a laser driver 201 and a 3D printing driver 101. The laser driver 201 controls the power supply to the laser processing head 200, and the 3D printing driver 101 controls the power supply to the 3D printing head 100. The output of a second microcontroller 904 is connected to both the laser driver 201 and the 3D printing driver 101. The second microcontroller 904 can transmit motion commands to the laser driver 201 and the 3D printing driver 101, controlling the movement of the laser processing head via the laser driver 201 and the 3D printing driver 101. When the laser driver 201 detects an abnormality in the laser processing head 200, it actively shuts it down. If the second microcontroller 904 receives an abnormality message from the laser driver 201 or if communication between the second microcontroller 904 and the laser driver 201 is abnormal, both the first microcontroller 903 and the second microcontroller 904 simultaneously shut down the controllable switch 800. Both the controllable switch 800 and the laser driver 201 can shut down the movement of the laser processing head, ensuring the safety of the laser processing process.

[0089] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0090] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., in this application is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this application.

[0093] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A switch assembly, characterized by The switching assembly is suitable for processing equipment, which includes a first power interface, a second power interface, a 3D printing head, and a laser processing head detachably connected to the 3D printing head; wherein... The switching assembly has a control switch and a first communication interface, wherein the control switch is connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head; The first communication interface is used to connect a connector, and the first communication interface is also used to connect the second power interface, wherein the voltage at the second power interface is lower than the voltage at the first power interface.

2. The switch assembly of claim 1, wherein, The second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface; The first communication interface has a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the high-level interface and the second port being connected to the low-level interface; When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are short-circuited.

3. The switch assembly of claim 2, wherein, The first communication interface further includes a third port and a fourth port, and the two ends of the control switch are respectively connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head through the third port and the fourth port.

4. The switch assembly of claim 1, wherein, The switch assembly includes a fixing part for mounting to the processing equipment.

5. The switch assembly of claim 4, wherein, The fixing part is a protrusion, which is used to snap onto the side of the processing equipment.

6. A processing apparatus characterized by comprising: The processing equipment includes a first power interface, a 3D printing head, a processing platform, and a working interface. The working interface is connected between the first power interface and the processing platform. The working interface is used to insert a connector, and when the connector is inserted into the working interface, the working interface is short-circuited.

7. The processing apparatus of claim 6, wherein The processing equipment also includes a second power interface for connecting a switch assembly. The switch assembly has a first communication interface for plugging in a connector. The second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface; The first communication interface has a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the high-level interface and the second port being connected to the low-level interface; When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are short-circuited.

8. The processing apparatus of claim 6, wherein The processing equipment also includes a housing that houses the 3D printing head; the housing includes a body and a safety door detachably connected to the body, the body is provided with a sensor, the safety door includes a protective plate and a glass plate, the protective plate is provided with a first magnet, the glass plate is provided with a second magnet, the magnetic polarity of the first magnet and the magnetic polarity of the second magnet are opposite, and the sensor is used to identify the first magnet and the second magnet.

9. The processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein The body has a door frame, and the sensor is disposed on the door frame and faces the outer peripheral side of the security door.

10. The processing apparatus of claim 8, wherein The body is made of metal, and the housing has a cavity to accommodate the 3D printing head. A third magnet is provided on the side of the safety door facing the cavity. The third magnet is used to attract the safety door to the body when the safety door is closed.

11. A processing system characterized by, The processing system includes a switching assembly, processing equipment, a first connector, and a second connector. The switching assembly has a control switch and a first communication interface. The processing equipment includes a first power interface, a second power interface, a 3D printing head, and a laser processing head detachably connected to the 3D printing head. The control switch is connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head; The first connector is used to plug into the first communication interface, and the first communication interface is also used to connect to the second power interface, wherein the voltage at the second power interface is lower than the voltage at the first power interface. The processing equipment also includes a working interface and a controllable switch. The working interface is connected in parallel with the control switch, and when the second connector is plugged into the working interface, the working interface is short-circuited. The controllable switch is connected in series with the laser processing head.

12. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The first connector and the second connector are the same connector.

13. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The second power interface includes a high-level interface and a low-level interface; The first communication interface has a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the high-level interface and the second port being connected to the low-level interface; When the connector is plugged into the first communication interface, the first port and the second port are short-circuited.

14. The processing system of claim 13, wherein, The first communication interface further includes a third port and a fourth port, and the two ends of the control switch are respectively connected between the first power interface and the laser processing head through the third port and the fourth port.

15. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The processing equipment also includes a processing platform; the branch circuit of the controllable switch connected in series with the laser processing head is connected in parallel with the processing platform.

16. The processing system of claim 11, wherein The switch assembly includes a fixing part for mounting to the processing equipment.

17. The processing system of claim 16, wherein The fixing part is a protrusion, which is used to snap onto the side of the processing equipment.

18. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The processing equipment also includes a housing, one of which, and the switch assembly, is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a protrusion, the protrusion being engaged in the groove.

19. The processing system of claim 18, wherein The housing includes a base and a peripheral side surface, and the groove is provided at the connection between the peripheral side surface and the base.

20. The processing system of claim 18, wherein, The machining system also includes a microcontroller and a position detector disposed near the groove; The position detector is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller, and the output terminal of the microcontroller is connected to the controllable switch.

21. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The processing equipment also includes a housing, which includes a main body and a safety door detachably connected to the main body. The main body is equipped with a sensor, and the safety door includes a protective plate and a glass plate. The protective plate is equipped with a first magnet, and the glass plate is equipped with a second magnet. The magnetic polarity of the first magnet is different from that of the second magnet.

22. The processing system of claim 21, wherein, The body has a door frame, and the sensor is disposed on the door frame and faces the outer peripheral side of the security door.

23. The processing system of claim 22, wherein The processing equipment also includes a microcontroller, the sensor is connected to the input terminal of the microcontroller, and the output terminal of the microcontroller is connected to the controllable switch.

24. The processing system of claim 21, wherein The body is made of metal, and the housing has a cavity to accommodate the 3D printing head. A third magnet is provided on the side of the safety door facing the cavity. The third magnet is used to attract the safety door to the body when the safety door is closed.

25. The processing system of claim 11, wherein, The processing system also includes at least one microcontroller and a laser processing head, the laser processing head being detachably connected to the 3D printing head, and the microcontroller being communicatively connected to the 3D printing head.

26. The processing system of claim 11, wherein The processing system also includes at least one microcontroller and a current sensor. The current sensor is disposed on the branch in series between the controllable switch and the laser processing head, and the current sensor is communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

Images