Integrated combiner and base station antenna
By integrating power distribution and signal output lines onto a single printed circuit board using an integrated combiner, the problems of increased solder joints and reduced stability caused by separate designs for multi-frequency antennas are solved, resulting in improved stability and reduced costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGDONG HAOXIN COMM TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the separate design of the combiner and power divider of multi-frequency antennas increases the number of soldering points, resulting in high wiring complexity, reduced product stability, and increased material costs and warehousing pressure.
An integrated combiner is used to integrate power distribution lines and signal output lines on a single printed circuit board, realizing the functions of a combiner and a power divider, reducing solder joints and simplifying wiring layout.
It improved product stability, reduced material costs and warehousing pressure, and simplified the internal wiring layout of the antenna.
Smart Images
Figure CN224138310U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an integrated combiner and a base station antenna. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of communication technology, there is a need to build base station antennas for multi-party communication. Currently, base stations are densely distributed, and more sites mean higher costs. To avoid redundant construction of base stations and reduce waste of resources and manpower, miniaturized multi-frequency antennas are a better solution. The use of multi-frequency antennas can reduce the cost of antenna feeder systems and enable multiple systems to share sites, making more efficient use of limited site resources.
[0003] Multi-frequency antennas first combine the antenna signals through a combiner, and then divide the antenna signals into frequencies through a power divider. Designing the two components separately increases the number of soldering points, leading to higher wiring complexity and reduced product stability. It also increases material costs and warehousing pressure. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an integrated combiner and base station antenna to solve the problem that separate antenna design for combiner and power divider increases wiring complexity and reduces product stability.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0006] An integrated combiner includes:
[0007] Printed circuit boards;
[0008] An input port is provided on the printed circuit board, and the input port is used to connect to an external communication device;
[0009] A power distribution line is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the power distribution line is connected to the input port. The power distribution line is used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and then distribute it to output multiple antenna signals.
[0010] A signal output line is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the signal output line is connected to the output terminal of the power distribution line. The output terminal of the signal output line is used to connect multiple antennas. The signal output line is used to output the multi-antenna signals output by the power distribution line to the multi-antennas.
[0011] Optionally, the power distribution line includes:
[0012] Multiple filtering lines are disposed on the printed circuit board. The input end of the filtering line is connected to the input port, and the output end of the filtering line is connected to the input end of the signal output line. The filtering lines are used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and output the antenna signal to the signal output line.
[0013] Optionally, the filtering circuit includes a high-resistivity line and a low-resistivity line connected at intervals, wherein the width of the high-resistivity line is smaller than the width of the low-resistivity line.
[0014] Optionally, the lengths of the high-impedance line and the low-impedance line are λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the line.
[0015] Optionally, the power distribution line further includes:
[0016] An impedance matching circuit is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the filter circuit, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the signal output circuit. The impedance matching circuit is used to perform corresponding impedance matching on the antenna signal output by the filter circuit and then output it to the signal output circuit.
[0017] Optionally, the impedance matching line includes a high-resistance line and a low-resistance line that are spaced apart, wherein the width of the high-resistance line is smaller than the width of the low-resistance line.
[0018] Optionally, the signal output line includes:
[0019] Multiple integrated low-frequency output ports, wherein the multiple low-frequency output ports are used to connect a low-frequency antenna;
[0020] Multiple integrated high-frequency output ports are provided for connecting high-frequency antennas.
[0021] Optionally, the number of low-frequency output ports is 2, and the number of high-frequency output ports is 3.
[0022] Optionally, the number of low-frequency output ports is 3, and the number of high-frequency output ports is 7.
[0023] This utility model also proposes a base station antenna, including multiple antennas and an integrated combiner as described above, wherein the multiple antennas are connected to the output terminal of the signal output line in the integrated combiner.
[0024] This utility model's technical solution integrates a combiner using a printed circuit board, an input port, a power distribution circuit, and a signal output circuit. The input port, located on the printed circuit board, connects to external communication equipment. The power distribution circuit, also on the printed circuit board, connects its input to the input port and filters the antenna signal output from the external communication equipment before distributing it to output multiple antenna signals. The signal output circuit, also on the printed circuit board, connects its input to the output of the power distribution circuit and connects to multiple antennas. The signal output circuit outputs the multiple antenna signals from the power distribution circuit to the multiple antennas. This solution integrates the functions of a combiner and a power divider onto a single printed circuit board, reducing solder joints to improve product stability, facilitating internal antenna wiring, and reducing material costs and warehousing pressure. Attached Figure Description
[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a functional module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the integrated combiner of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a functional module schematic diagram of another embodiment of the integrated combiner of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a wiring diagram of an embodiment of the integrated combiner of this utility model.
[0029] Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of another embodiment of the integrated combiner of this utility model.
[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 10, Input port; 20, Power distribution line; 21, Filtering line; 22, Impedance matching line; 30, Signal output line; 31, Low-frequency output port; 32, High-frequency output port. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0032] In the implementation methods and claims, unless otherwise specified in the text, the terms "a," "an," "the," and "the" may also include plural forms. If the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions of "first," "second," etc., such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.
[0033] It should be further understood that the term "comprising" as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term "and / or" as used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.
[0034] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.
[0035] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0036] With the development of communication technology, there is a need to build base station antennas for multi-party communication. Currently, base stations are densely distributed, and more sites mean higher costs. To avoid redundant construction of base stations and reduce waste of resources and manpower, miniaturized multi-frequency antennas are a better solution. The use of multi-frequency antennas can reduce the cost of antenna feeder systems and enable multiple systems to share sites, making more efficient use of limited site resources.
[0037] Multi-frequency antennas first combine the antenna signals through a combiner, and then divide the antenna signals into frequencies through a power divider. Designing the two components separately increases the number of soldering points, leading to higher wiring complexity and reduced product stability. It also increases material costs and warehousing pressure.
[0038] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes an integrated combiner.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 In one embodiment, the integrated combiner includes:
[0040] Printed circuit boards;
[0041] An input port 10 is disposed on the printed circuit board, and the input port 10 is used to connect to an external communication device;
[0042] A power distribution line 20 is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the power distribution line 20 is connected to the input port 10. The power distribution line 20 is used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and then distribute it to output multiple antenna signals.
[0043] A signal output line 30 is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the signal output line 30 is connected to the output terminal of the power distribution line 20. The output terminal of the signal output line 30 is used to connect multiple antennas. The signal output line 30 is used to output the multi-antenna signals output by the power distribution line 20 to the multiple antennas.
[0044] In this embodiment, the printed circuit board (PCB) is an important electronic component, serving as the support for electronic components and the carrier for their electrical interconnection. Wiring on the PCB enables signal transmission. The external communication device connected to input port 10 can be a radio communication device, satellite communication device, or radar device, etc. This external communication device can output multiple antenna signals to the power distribution line 20 through input port 10. Furthermore, through input port 10 and the wiring design, multiple antenna signals can be combined into a single signal channel, reducing signal interference and achieving the function of a combiner. The power distribution line 20 can filter the antenna signals output from the external communication device through the wiring design and then distribute them to output multiple antenna signals. The number of output routes allocated by the power distribution line 20 can be set according to actual conditions and user requirements. The output antenna signals can also include low-frequency and high-frequency signals; different frequency band combinations have different gains and anti-interference capabilities, and specific combinations can also be set according to actual conditions and user requirements.
[0045] The signal output line 30 can output the multiple antenna signals output from the power distribution line 20 to the corresponding multiple antennas. Specifically, the signal output line 30 can include multiple output terminals, each capable of outputting antenna signals at different frequency bands, thus adapting to different scenarios. The specific number of output terminals and the frequency band of the antenna signal output by each terminal can be set according to actual conditions and user requirements. Thus, in this embodiment, through the routing of the power distribution line 20 and the signal output line 30, the signal distribution function of the power divider and the signal combining function of the combiner can be integrated onto a single printed circuit board, thereby reducing overall solder joints to improve product stability, facilitating internal antenna routing, and reducing material costs and warehousing pressure.
[0046] This utility model's technical solution integrates a combiner using a printed circuit board, an input port 10, a power distribution line 20, and a signal output line 30. The input port 10, located on the printed circuit board, connects to an external communication device. The power distribution line 20, also on the printed circuit board, connects to the input port 10. The power distribution line 20 filters and distributes the antenna signals output from the external communication device to output multiple antenna signals. The signal output line 30, located on the printed circuit board, connects to the output of the power distribution line 20. The output of the signal output line 30 connects to multiple antennas, and it outputs the multiple antenna signals from the power distribution line 20 to the multiple antennas. This solution, through the power distribution line 20, integrates the functions of a combiner and a power divider on a single printed circuit board. This reduces solder joints, improving product stability and facilitating internal antenna wiring. It also reduces material costs and warehousing pressure.
[0047] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the power distribution line 20 includes:
[0048] Multiple filter lines 21 are disposed on the printed circuit board. The input end of the filter line 21 is connected to the input port 10, and the output end of the filter line 21 is connected to the input end of the signal output line 30. The filter line 21 is used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and output the antenna signal to the signal output line 30.
[0049] In this embodiment, the power distribution line 20 may include multiple filter lines 21. These multiple filter lines 21 can perform different filters on the antenna signal, thereby outputting antenna signals of different frequency bands to the signal output line 30. The number of filter lines 21 can be set according to the frequency band of the actual output antenna signal. For example, one filter line 21 can be set for low-frequency signals, and one filter line 21 can be set for high-frequency signals; if multiple high-frequency signals are output, multiple filter lines 21 can be set for each high-frequency signal. The specific setting is determined according to the actual situation and user needs.
[0050] In one embodiment, the filter line 21 includes a high-resistivity line and a low-resistivity line that are spaced apart, wherein the width of the high-resistivity line is smaller than the width of the low-resistivity line.
[0051] In this embodiment, a filter line 21 can be composed of high-impedance and low-impedance lines connected at intervals. The transmission line width in the high-impedance state is smaller than that in the low-impedance state. This is because the characteristic impedance of a transmission line is related to its geometric dimensions (such as width, thickness, and dielectric material). In microstrip lines or striplines, the characteristic impedance is related to the linewidth and the relative permittivity of the dielectric; the larger the linewidth, the lower the impedance; the smaller the linewidth, the higher the impedance. The routing design of the filter line 21 achieves a wideband filtering effect at the far end through an open path that transforms between high and low impedance, thereby improving the insertion loss at the edge frequencies within the passband. Specific routing details can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 or Figure 4 The line width can also be adjusted according to actual conditions and user needs.
[0052] In one embodiment, the lengths of the high-impedance line and the low-impedance line are λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the line.
[0053] In this embodiment, the lengths of the high-impedance and low-impedance lines are set to λ / 4. This utilizes the characteristics of the transmission line to achieve impedance matching and filtering functions; for example, a λ / 4 transmission line can be used as an impedance transformer. When the input and output impedances are mismatched, a λ / 4 transmission line can convert one impedance to another, thereby achieving better energy transfer and reducing reflection loss. Furthermore, at specific frequencies, a λ / 4 transmission line can exhibit high or low impedance characteristics. Through proper design, signals of certain frequencies can be attenuated (filtered out), while signals of other frequencies can pass through. This characteristic allows λ / 4 lines to be used as bandpass or bandstop filters.
[0054] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the power distribution line 20 further includes:
[0055] Impedance matching line 22 is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the impedance matching line is connected to the output terminal of the filter line 21, and the output terminal of the impedance matching line is connected to the signal output line 30. The impedance matching line is used to perform corresponding impedance matching on the antenna signal output by the filter line 21 and then output it to the signal output line 30.
[0056] In this embodiment, impedance matching via impedance matching line 22 can achieve maximum power transmission, reduce reflection loss, increase bandwidth, improve radiation characteristics, reduce noise, and improve system stability. The specific wiring can be configured according to actual conditions and user requirements. It is understood that low-frequency and high-frequency antennas typically have different impedance characteristics (e.g., common impedances are 50Ω or 75Ω). During connection, impedance matching between the integrated combiner and the antenna is ensured to reduce reflection and signal loss. In some applications, the phase relationship and gain characteristics of antennas at different frequencies can be considered to ensure overall system performance. In wireless communication systems, it may be necessary to use both low-frequency and high-frequency antennas simultaneously to support signal transmission in different frequency bands. Low-frequency antennas may include long-wire antennas, dipole antennas, etc.; high-frequency antennas may include shortwave antennas, Yagi antennas, planar antennas, etc.
[0057] In one embodiment, the impedance matching line 22 includes a high-resistance line and a low-resistance line that are spaced apart, wherein the width of the high-resistance line is smaller than the width of the low-resistance line.
[0058] In this embodiment, the high-impedance and low-impedance lines in impedance matching line 22 are used to achieve wideband impedance matching between the combiner section and the power divider section in the integrated combiner. The combiner section combines the antenna signals output from external communication equipment into a single signal channel, while the power divider section filters the combined signal and then distributes it to multiple antennas. The specific routing design of impedance matching line 22 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 or Figure 4 .
[0059] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment, the signal output line 30 includes:
[0060] Multiple integrated low-frequency output ports 31 are provided for connecting a low-frequency antenna.
[0061] Multiple integrated high-frequency output ports 32 are provided for connecting high-frequency antennas.
[0062] In this embodiment, the signal output line 30 can be composed of multiple integrated low-frequency output ports 31. Since the antenna includes both low-frequency and high-frequency antennas, the low-frequency output ports 31 and 31 can output low-frequency and high-frequency signals respectively. The specific number of output ports can be set according to actual conditions and user requirements. Furthermore, the integrated design of the output ports in this embodiment can effectively reduce the overall area of the components, thereby reducing the size of the integrated combiner.
[0063] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the number of low-frequency output ports 31 is 2, and the number of high-frequency output ports 32 is 3.
[0064] In another embodiment, the number of low-frequency output ports 31 is 3, and the number of high-frequency output ports 32 is 7.
[0065] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the output ports are connected to antenna elements. The more output ports there are, the more antenna elements can be connected. The design with 3 low-frequency output ports 31 and 7 high-frequency output ports 32 results in more antenna elements, leading to stronger signal directivity, narrower beam, higher gain, lower sidelobe levels, higher complexity, higher cost, and stronger anti-interference capabilities. Specific wiring can be referenced. Figure 3 The design of having two low-frequency output ports 31 and three high-frequency output ports 32 results in fewer oscillators, leading to weaker signal directivity, wider beamwidth, lower gain, higher sidelobe levels, lower complexity, lower cost, and weaker anti-interference capability. Specific wiring can be referenced... Figure 4 Therefore, the number and type of output ports can be selected according to actual conditions and user needs. Besides the settings in the two embodiments mentioned above, the specific number of low-frequency output ports 31 and high-frequency output ports 32 in signal output line 30 can also be set using other combinations based on actual conditions and user needs. The traces on the printed circuit board can also be adjusted according to the actual high-frequency output ports 32 to ensure impedance matching of the lines. The trace design in this solution is for reference only; it can be adjusted according to actual conditions and user needs, and no restrictions are imposed here.
[0066] This utility model also proposes a base station antenna.
[0067] In one embodiment, the base station antenna includes multiple antennas and an integrated combiner as described above, wherein the multiple antennas are connected to the output terminal of the signal output line 30 in the integrated combiner. It is understood that since the integrated combiner described above is used in the base station antenna of this utility model, the embodiments of the base station antenna of this utility model include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the integrated combiner described above, and the achieved technical effects are exactly the same, and will not be repeated here.
[0068] It should be understood that the application of this utility model is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. An integrated combiner, characterized by, include: Printed circuit boards; An input port is provided on the printed circuit board, and the input port is used to connect to an external communication device; A power distribution line is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the power distribution line is connected to the input port. The power distribution line is used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and then distribute it to output multiple antenna signals. A signal output line is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the signal output line is connected to the output terminal of the power distribution line. The output terminal of the signal output line is used to connect multiple antennas. The signal output line is used to output the multi-antenna signals output by the power distribution line to the multi-antennas.
2. The integrated circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power distribution circuit includes: Multiple filtering lines are disposed on the printed circuit board. The input end of the filtering line is connected to the input port, and the output end of the filtering line is connected to the input end of the signal output line. The filtering lines are used to filter the antenna signal output by the external communication device and output the antenna signal to the signal output line.
3. The integrated circuit of claim 2, wherein, The filtering circuit includes a high-resistivity line and a low-resistivity line connected at intervals, wherein the width of the high-resistivity line is smaller than the width of the low-resistivity line.
4. The integrated circuit of claim 3, wherein, The lengths of the high-impedance line and the low-impedance line are λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength of the center frequency of the line.
5. The integrated circuit of claim 2, wherein, The power distribution circuit also includes: An impedance matching circuit is disposed on the printed circuit board. The input terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the output terminal of the filter circuit, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the signal output circuit. The impedance matching circuit is used to perform corresponding impedance matching on the antenna signal output by the filter circuit and then output it to the signal output circuit.
6. The integrated circuit of claim 5, wherein, The impedance matching circuit includes a high-resistance line and a low-resistance line that are spaced apart, wherein the width of the high-resistance line is smaller than the width of the low-resistance line.
7. The integrated combiner as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal output line includes: Multiple integrated low-frequency output ports, wherein the multiple low-frequency output ports are used to connect a low-frequency antenna; Multiple integrated high-frequency output ports are provided for connecting high-frequency antennas.
8. The integrated circuit of claim 7, wherein, The number of low-frequency output ports is 2, and the number of high-frequency output ports is 3.
9. The integrated circuit of claim 7, wherein, The number of low-frequency output ports is 3, and the number of high-frequency output ports is 7.
10. A base station antenna, comprising: It includes multiple antennas and an integrated combiner as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the multiple antennas are connected to the output terminal of the signal output line in the integrated combiner.