Automatic discharging device for vertical shaft excavation deslagging

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shaft excavation construction, in particular to an automatic discharging device for shaft excavation deslagging. The device comprises a discharging barrel with openings in the upper portion and the lower portion and an opening and closing plate used for blocking the opening in the lower end of the discharging barrel, the opening and closing plate is hinged to the discharging barrel, and a locking mechanism used for locking the opening and closing plate is arranged on the discharging barrel. The locking mechanism comprises an annular plate fixedly arranged on the discharging barrel in a sleeving mode, a guide block slidably connected to the annular plate, a locking plate fixedly connected to the guide block and a transmission assembly used for driving the guide block to move. The upper surface of the lock plate is attached to the lower surface of the opening and closing plate. According to the device, the opening and closing plate can be automatically opened, the opening and closing plate can be opened by an enough angle, slag can be completely poured out without manually pouring the hopper, no slag is left, the working intensity of workers can be reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vertical shaft excavation construction technology, specifically to an automatic unloading device for excavating and removing slag from vertical shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Shaft construction refers to the general term for the excavation, construction, and equipment installation of vertical wells during the extraction of underground sediments. Based on the geological and hydrogeological differences of the wellbore passing through rock strata, shaft structures are divided into two types: ordinary methods for surface soil layers and bedrock sections, and special methods. During shaft excavation, the excavated material needs to be transported from the bottom of the shaft to the surface in a timely manner to ensure effective downward excavation and prevent the excavated material from accumulating and clogging the shaft. Existing mechanisms for lifting excavated material store it in hoppers and then raise the hoppers to the surface via steel cables. However, due to the large amount of material in the hoppers, operators at the shaft opening need to discharge the material from the hoppers. Currently, unloading shaft materials mainly involves manually emptying the hoppers to remove the excavated material. This method is inefficient and needs improvement.

[0003] Chinese Patent 202323287369.9 discloses "An Automatic Unloading and Lifting Device for Vertical Shafts" (Publication No. CN221027163 U). This device includes an unloading hopper with an opening at the top and a pair of switch plates at the bottom for sealing the opening. The opposite sides of the switch plates are rotatably connected to both sides of the unloading hopper. A lifting ring is positioned above the unloading hopper. A hydraulic system controls the rotation of the switch plates. However, this device has some drawbacks: the switch plates cannot rotate 90 degrees; they can only open to a certain angle. During unloading, some material easily remains in the unloading hopper, requiring manual assistance to empty the remaining waste, making operation inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems of the prior art, this utility model provides an automatic unloading device for slag removal in vertical shaft excavation. The device can automatically open the slag-discharging plate to a sufficient angle, allowing the slag to be completely discharged without manual emptying of the hopper, leaving no slag residue. This reduces the workload of workers and improves construction efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic unloading device for slag removal in vertical shaft excavation, comprising an unloading bucket with openings at both the top and bottom, and an opening / closing plate for sealing the lower opening of the unloading bucket. The opening / closing plate is hinged to the unloading bucket, and a locking mechanism for locking the opening / closing plate is provided on the unloading bucket. The locking mechanism includes an annular plate fastened to the unloading bucket, a guide block slidably connected to the annular plate, a locking plate fixedly connected to the guide block, and a transmission component for driving the guide block to move.

[0006] With the above structural design, when the locking plate no longer jams the opening and closing plate, the opening and closing plate can open automatically and at a sufficient angle, so that the slag can be completely poured out without manual dumping of the hopper, and there is no slag residue. This reduces the workload of workers and improves construction efficiency.

[0007] Preferably, four sets of guide blocks and locking plates are provided, and the guide blocks and locking plates are arranged in a ring at equal intervals on the annular plate.

[0008] The above structural design, with multiple sets of locking plates, can better lock the opening and closing plates in place.

[0009] Preferably, the guide block moves radially in a square shape along the annular plate, and a sliding groove matching the guide block is formed on the annular plate, the sliding groove being vertically continuous, and the locking plate being fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide block.

[0010] The above structural design makes it easy for the locking plate to hold the opening and closing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a support rib is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the opening and closing plate, the height of the support rib is greater than the height of the locking plate, and multiple support ribs are provided at equal intervals.

[0012] The above structural design increases the strength of the opening and closing plate and prevents it from deforming under stress; the support ribs act as pads, leaving space for the locking plate to move.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a driving bevel gear sleeved on the unloading barrel, a driven bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear, a screw fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear, a drive bevel gear meshing with the driving bevel gear, a drive motor with its output shaft fixedly connected to the drive bevel gear, and a battery electrically connected to the drive motor. The driving bevel gear is rotatably connected to the annular plate, the screw is threaded through the guide block, the screw is rotatably connected to the barrel wall of the unloading barrel, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the annular plate, and the battery is fixedly connected to the unloading barrel.

[0014] The above structural design enables four sets of guide blocks and locking plates to move simultaneously, making operation simple and convenient.

[0015] Preferably, a first micro switch electrically connected to the drive motor is fixedly connected to the annular plate, and the first micro switch is located behind the guide block. A second micro switch electrically connected to the drive motor is fixedly connected to the opening and closing plate, and the second micro switch is located in front of the locking plate. A third micro switch electrically connected to the drive motor is fixedly connected to the annular plate, and a trigger plate corresponding to the position of the third micro switch is fixedly connected to the opening and closing plate.

[0016] By adopting the above structural design, the operating state of the drive motor can be controlled by triggering the first micro switch, the second micro switch, and the third micro switch, which makes it more automated.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This device can automatically open the hinged plate to a sufficient angle, allowing the slag to be completely discharged without manual emptying of the hopper, leaving no slag residue. This reduces the workload of workers and improves construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening and closing plate of this utility model when it is open;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening and closing plate of this utility model when it is closed;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure from the front view;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention viewed from below; Detailed Implementation

[0024] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5This utility model provides a technical solution: an automatic unloading device for slag removal in vertical shaft excavation, including an unloading bucket 1 with openings at both the top and bottom, and an opening and closing plate 2 for sealing the lower opening of the unloading bucket 1. The opening and closing plate 2 is hinged to the unloading bucket 1, and the opening and closing plate 2 is circular with a diameter matching that of the unloading bucket 1. A locking mechanism for locking the opening and closing plate 2 is provided on the unloading bucket 1. The locking mechanism includes an annular plate 31 fastened to the unloading bucket 1, a guide block 32 slidably connected to the annular plate 31, a locking plate 33 fixedly connected to the guide block 32, and a transmission component for driving the guide block 32 to move. When the opening and closing plate 2 seals the lower opening of the unloading bucket 1, the upper surface of the locking plate 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the opening and closing plate 2.

[0025] The upper end of the unloading bucket 1 is fixedly connected to the ear plate 71, and the ear plate 71 is connected to the rope 72 so as to connect the unloading bucket 1 to the lifting system.

[0026] The guide block 32 and the locking plate 33 are each provided in four sets, and the guide block 32 and the locking plate 33 are arranged in a ring on the annular plate 31 at equal intervals.

[0027] The guide block 32 moves radially in a square shape along the annular plate 31. A sliding groove 34 matching the guide block 32 is opened on the annular plate 31. The sliding groove 34 runs vertically through the guide block 32. The locking plate 33 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide block 32.

[0028] When the guide block 32 moves along the radial square of the annular plate 31 with the locking plate 33, one end of the locking plate 33 moves from the edge of the opening and closing plate 2 to the bottom of the opening and closing plate 2. The locking plate 33 locks the opening and closing plate 2, and the opening and closing plate 2 will not open again after it is closed. When the unloading barrel 1 is filled with material, the pressure on the opening and closing plate 2 needs to be borne by the locking plate 33 and the guide block 32. In order to better support the guide block 32 on the annular plate 31, the transverse cross section of the guide block 32 is T-shaped, and the width of the upper end of the guide block 32 is greater than the width of the groove 34, so that the guide block 32 can be better supported on the annular plate 31.

[0029] The lower surface of the opening and closing plate 2 is fixedly connected to the support rib 4. The height of the support rib is greater than the height of the locking plate 33. Multiple support ribs 4 are provided and are arranged at equal intervals.

[0030] The transmission assembly includes a driving bevel gear 51 sleeved on the unloading hopper 1, a driven bevel gear 52 meshing with the driving bevel gear 51, a screw 53 fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear 52, a drive bevel gear 54 meshing with the driving bevel gear 51, a drive motor 55 with its output shaft fixedly connected to the drive bevel gear 54, and a battery 56 electrically connected to the drive motor 55. The driving bevel gear 51 is rotatably connected to the annular plate 31. The screw 53 is threaded through the guide block 32 and rotatably connected to the wall of the unloading hopper 1. The drive motor 55 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 31, and the battery 56 is fixedly connected to the unloading hopper 1. The drive motor 55 is a reversible motor capable of forward and reverse rotation. To better protect the locking mechanism, a protective shell capable of accommodating the locking mechanism is fixedly connected to the annular plate 31.

[0031] A first micro switch 61, electrically connected to the drive motor, is fixedly connected to the annular plate 31. The first micro switch 61 is located behind the guide block 32. A second micro switch 62, electrically connected to the drive motor, is fixedly connected to the opening and closing plate 2. The second micro switch 62 is located in front of the locking plate 33. A third micro switch 63, electrically connected to the drive motor, is fixedly connected to the annular plate 31. A trigger plate 64, corresponding to the position of the third micro switch 63, is fixedly connected to the opening and closing plate 2.

[0032] Working principle: In the initial state, the locking plate 33 locks the opening and closing plate 2. When the worker uses the lifting system to lift this device from the shaft to the outside; when unloading materials, the worker starts the drive motor 55, which drives the bevel gear 54 to rotate in the opposite direction. The driving bevel gear 51, which meshes with the driving bevel gear 54, rotates. Then, the driving bevel gear 51 drives the driven bevel gear 52, which meshes with it, to rotate. The driven bevel gear 52 drives the screw 53, which is fixedly connected to it, to rotate. The screw 53 passes through... The threaded drive guide block 32 moves, and the locking plate 33, which is fixedly connected to the guide block 32, moves towards a square shape away from the center of the annular plate 31 until the guide block 32 triggers the first micro switch 61. The first micro switch 61 sends an electrical signal to the drive motor 55, the drive motor 55 stops running, the locking plate 33 moves away from under the opening and closing plate 2, the locking plate 33 no longer holds the opening and closing plate 2, the opening and closing plate 2 opens, and the excavated slag falls from the unloading bucket 1 into the slag dumping area. Then the device is placed on the ground for operation. Personnel assist in rotating the opening and closing plate 2 to prevent it from rotating in the opposite direction, ensuring it closes properly. Trigger plate 64 triggers the third micro switch 63, which sends an electrical signal to drive motor 55. Drive motor 55 drives bevel gear 54 to rotate forward. The active bevel gear 51, meshing with drive bevel gear 54, rotates, then drives the driven bevel gear 52, which in turn drives the screw 53, which is fixedly connected to it, to rotate. Screw 53 drives guide block 32 to move via a threaded drive. Locking plate 33, fixedly connected to guide block 32, moves towards the square shape at the center of annular plate 31 until guide block 32 triggers the second micro switch 62. The second micro switch 62 sends an electrical signal to drive motor 55, stopping it. One end of locking plate 33 moves from the edge of opening and closing plate 2 to below it, locking plate 33 to secure opening and closing plate 2. Once closed, opening and closing plate 2 will not open again, allowing for the next slag transport.

[0033] The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein. They are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this utility model's implementation.

[0034] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications can be made to the present invention, and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. An automatic unloading device for shaft excavation residue, comprising an unloading barrel (1) with openings at both upper and lower ends, and a shutter (2) for blocking the opening at the lower end of the unloading barrel (1), characterized in that: The opening and closing plate (2) is hinged to the unloading barrel (1), and the unloading barrel (1) is provided with a locking mechanism for locking the opening and closing plate (2); the locking mechanism includes an annular plate (31) fastened to the unloading barrel (1), a guide block (32) slidably connected to the annular plate (31), a locking plate (33) fixedly connected to the guide block (32), and a transmission component for driving the guide block (32) to move.

2. An automatic unloading device for shaft excavation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide block (32) and the locking plate (33) are each provided in four sets, and the guide block (32) and the locking plate (33) are arranged in a ring on the annular plate (31) at equal intervals.

3. An automatic unloading device for slag removal in vertical shaft excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide block (32) moves radially squarely along the annular plate (31). A groove (34) matching the guide block (32) is opened on the annular plate (31). The groove (34) runs vertically through the guide block. The locking plate (33) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide block (32).

4. The automatic unloading device for shaft excavation residue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the opening and closing plate (2) is fixedly connected to the support rib (4), the height of the support rib is greater than the height of the locking plate (33), and multiple support ribs (4) are provided and are equally spaced.

5. An automatic discharge device for shaft excavation residue according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes an active bevel gear (51) sleeved on the unloading barrel (1), a driven bevel gear (52) meshing with the active bevel gear (51), a screw (53) fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear (52), a drive bevel gear (54) meshing with the active bevel gear (51), a drive motor (55) whose output shaft is fixedly connected to the drive bevel gear (54), and a battery (56) electrically connected to the drive motor (55). The active bevel gear (51) is rotatably connected to the annular plate (31), the screw (53) is threaded through the guide block (32), the screw (53) is rotatably connected to the barrel wall of the unloading barrel (1), the drive motor (55) is fixedly connected to the annular plate (31), and the battery (56) is fixedly connected to the unloading barrel (1).

6. An automatic discharge device for shaft excavation residue according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular plate (31) is fixedly connected to a first micro switch (61) electrically connected to the drive motor. The first micro switch (61) is located behind the guide block (32). The opening and closing plate (2) is fixedly connected to a second micro switch (62) electrically connected to the drive motor. The second micro switch (62) is located in front of the locking plate (33). The annular plate (31) is fixedly connected to a third micro switch (63) electrically connected to the drive motor. The opening and closing plate (2) is fixedly connected to a trigger plate (64) corresponding to the position of the third micro switch (63).

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