Inner-cooling bionic indexable disc milling cutter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of milling cutters, in particular to an inner-cooling bionic indexable disc milling cutter which comprises a cutting groove formed in a cutter disc, a blade installed on the side wall of the cutting groove, a front cutter face arranged at the rhombus position of the blade, a crescent-shaped pit arranged at the corner of the front cutter face and a fishbone-shaped micro-texture arranged at the crescent-shaped pit. A flow guide boss is arranged on the side wall of the blade, different from randomness of traditional external spraying and limitation of a traditional inner cooling channel, the local cooling efficiency is effectively improved through cooperation of a bent cooling liquid channel in the cutter head and the structure on the blade; compared with a single-function micro-texture, through cooperation of the crescent-shaped concave pit-fishbone-shaped micro-texture-needle-shaped convex texture, the blade has the multiple capabilities of bending and cutting chips, breaking chips, reducing cutting resistance and prolonging the service life of the blade.

Description

An internally cooled biomimetic indexable disc milling cutter Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of milling cutter technology, specifically to an internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter. Background Technology

[0002] Indexable disc milling cutters are a type of face milling cutter. Their inserts are mounted on the cutter body via mechanical clamping or other methods. Once worn, they can be reused simply by indexing or replacing the inserts, without the need for regrinding. Current indexable disc milling cutters are commonly used for machining aircraft structural parts, engine components, etc. However, common indexable disc milling cutters face the following problems during machining:

[0003] 1. Low coolant penetration efficiency: Traditional disc milling cutters use parallel cooling channels along the axis, and the angle between the coolant jet direction and the chip movement direction is too large, resulting in only a small amount of coolant reaching the cutter-chip contact area.

[0004] 2. High-speed rotation causes the externally sprayed coolant to be thrown away from the cutting zone, resulting in low coolant utilization efficiency.

[0005] 3. Excessive temperature difference between the tip and body of a conventional disc milling cutter will lead to coating peeling and thermal crack propagation.

[0006] Therefore, based on the above three points, an indexable disc milling cutter was designed with a cooling mechanism that combines the internal cooling channel on the cutter head with the micro-texture on the cutting insert. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internally cooled biomimetic indexable disc milling cutter to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] An internally cooled biomimetic indexable disc milling cutter includes:

[0010] The cutter head has a cutting groove, and a blade is installed on the side wall of the cutting groove. The blade has a rake face at the diamond line, a crescent-shaped pit at the corner of the rake face, a fishbone-shaped micro-texture at the crescent-shaped pit, and a flow guide boss on the side wall of the blade.

[0011] A curved coolant channel is formed in the cutter head. The outlet of the curved coolant channel is flush with the center of the blade, so that the coolant sprays out from the curved coolant channel and impacts the center of the blade. The guide groove formed between the guide bosses guides the coolant to the fishbone-shaped microtexture.

[0012] Preferably, the fishbone-like microtexture includes a main groove and a secondary groove communicating with the main groove, wherein the secondary groove is obliquely intersecting the main groove at a 45° angle.

[0013] Preferably, the blade is tilted 6°-8° toward the curved coolant channel.

[0014] Preferably, the rake face is provided with a needle-shaped protrusion texture, and the needle-shaped protrusion texture forms a 45° angle with the cutting edge of the rake face.

[0015] Preferably, the depth of the crescent-shaped depression is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the leading edge of the guide boss forms an angle of 15°-20° with the front blade face.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This invention differs from the randomness of traditional external spraying and the limitations of traditional internal cooling channels. By combining the curved coolant channels within the cutter head with the structure on the cutting tool, it effectively improves local cooling efficiency. Compared to single-function microtextures, the combination of several microtextures—crescent-shaped recesses, fishbone-shaped microtextures, and needle-shaped protrusions—provides multiple capabilities, including curved chip cutting, chip breaking, reduced cutting resistance, and increased cutting tool life. It can achieve multi-physics field synergistic cooling, enhance coolant penetration and coverage uniformity, improve cooling efficiency, and, combined with the biomimetic microtextures on the cutting tool, improve machining surface quality and cutting tool life. The double-sided cutting tool design can increase cutting tool life, reduce tool replacement costs, and improve the uniformity of cutting force distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 is a side view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fishbone-shaped microtexture of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 shows the positional relationship of the curved coolant channel of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 is a side view of the curved coolant channel of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 shows the positional relationship between the blade and the curved coolant channel of this utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Cutting head; 2. Cutting groove; 3. Insert; 4. Crescent-shaped pit; 5. Fishbone-shaped microtexture; 51. Main groove; 52. Secondary groove; 6. Guide boss; 7. Curved coolant channel; 8. Needle-shaped protrusion texture; 9. Guide groove; 10. Rake face. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6. This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0028] An internally cooled biomimetic indexable disc milling cutter includes:

[0029] The curved coolant channel 7 is located within the cutter head 1. The cutter head 1 employs a multi-level branched cooling channel network, forming a continuous curved channel through axial and radial composite drilling to reduce pressure loss. The vortex acceleration effect enhances the coolant delivery capacity, ensuring that the coolant covers the cutting area of ​​each blade 3 as a directional high-pressure jet. The outlet of the curved coolant channel 7 is flush with the center of the blade 3, and the blade 3 is tilted towards the channel at an angle b of 6°-8°. This design allows the coolant to directly act on the rake face 10 of the blade 3 and the chip contact area, unlike the randomness of traditional external spraying, effectively improving local cooling efficiency. The curved coolant channel 7 is connected to the metering pump through a pipe, allowing the metering pump to pump coolant into the curved coolant channel 7.

[0030] The cutter head 1 has a cutting groove 2. A blade 3 is installed on the side wall of the cutting groove 2. The blade 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cutting groove 2 by means of screws, etc. A rake face 10 is provided at the rhombus of the blade 3. A crescent-shaped pit 4 is provided at the corner of the rake face 10. A fishbone-shaped micro-texture 5 is provided at the crescent-shaped pit 4. A guide boss 6 is provided on the side wall of the blade 3.

[0031] The blade 3 adopts a double-sided design and can be flipped for use, which improves the tool life cycle. The guide boss 6 is flush with the cutting edge, which facilitates repositioning. The guide boss 6 strengthens the overall rigidity and strength of the blade 3, improves the life of the blade 3, effectively reduces the chip curl radius, and guides the coolant to the crescent-shaped pits 4 at the four corners of the blade 3.

[0032] When the high-speed jet of coolant passes through the fishbone-shaped microtexture 5, the crescent-shaped recesses 4 (located at the four corners of the insert 3, with a depth of 0.3-0.5 mm) serve as coolant retention areas, extending the contact time, reducing the temperature gradient on the rake face 10, and causing the chips to curl along the surface of the crescent-shaped recesses 4, increasing chip-breaking capability. The contact area between the chips and the insert 3 is dispersed from the tip to the edge of the recesses, dispersing the wear area and extending the life of the insert 3. The curved surface of the recesses increases the actual rake angle by 3°-5°, effectively reducing cutting force. The crescent-shaped recesses 4 act as a thermal buffer zone, reducing the risk of thermal cracking at the tip. The crescent-shaped recesses 4 capture coolant to form micro-liquid pools, continuously lubricating the cutting zone.

[0033] The fishbone-shaped microtexture 5 includes a main groove 51 and a secondary groove 52 connected to the main groove 51. The secondary groove 52 intersects the main groove 51 at a 45° angle to form a flow pattern drag-reducing structure, which stores cutting fluid and reduces cutting resistance. The fishbone-shaped microtexture 5 reduces cutting resistance through the following mechanisms: a small amount of lubricant is retained at the bottom of the main groove 51 and the secondary groove 52 to form a low-friction interface and reduce cutting friction; the flow pattern drag-reducing structure of the fishbone-shaped microtexture 5 can raise the actual contact surface of the fluid and reduce the tool-chip contact area, thereby reducing cutting resistance; the main groove 51 guides the cutting flow and, together with the secondary groove 52, stabilizes the chip curl radius, reduces the chip length, and enhances the chip removal capacity.

[0034] The rake face 10 is designed with needle-like raised textures 8. These textures form an angle α (45°) with the cutting edge of the rake face 10, creating periodic crack initiation points at the bottom of the chip. Simultaneously, the chips are guided to the sidewall of the guide boss 6 and curled along it. Coolant is stored in the gaps between the needle-like raised textures 8, forming a micro-lubricating film. The fishbone-like micro-texture 5 reduces the actual contact area between the tool and chip, lowering the coefficient of friction. During flow, the chips are torn apart by the needle-like raised textures 8, while the coolant washes away the debris. A high-pressure jet rapidly discharges the broken micro-chips, preventing secondary adhesion.

[0035] The guide boss 6 has a radius of R0.1 at its edge to eliminate stress concentration points. The cutting force is transmitted through the tool tip → guide boss 6 → tool body base, forming a radial load path, which reduces the peak stress at the tool tip. The leading edge of the guide boss 6 forms a 15°-20° angle with the rake face 10, forcing the chips to curl along the curved surface of the boss. After the coolant impacts the center of the insert 3, the guide boss 6 can precisely guide the coolant to the crescent-shaped recess for precise local cooling.

[0036] Working principle: When in use, after the coolant impacts the center of the blade 3, the coolant can be precisely guided by the guide groove 9 formed between the guide bosses 6 to the fishbone-shaped microtexture 5 to achieve precise local cooling. The leading edge of the boss and the rake face 10 form an angle of 15°-20°, which forces the chip to curl along the curved surface of the boss. The needle-shaped protrusion texture 8 forms a periodic crack source at the bottom of the chip, and at the same time guides the chip to the side wall of the guide boss 6 and curls along the side wall of the boss. The gaps between the needle-shaped protrusion texture 8 store coolant and form a micro-area lubricating film.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An internally cooled biomimetic indexable disc milling cutter, characterized in that, include: The cutter head has cutting grooves, and cutting blades are mounted on the sidewalls of the cutting grooves. Each cutting blade has a rake face at its ridge, and a crescent-shaped recess at the corner of the rake face. A fishbone-shaped microtexture is provided in the crescent-shaped recess, and guide bosses are provided on the sidewalls of the cutting blades. A curved coolant channel is formed in the cutter head, with its outlet flush with the center of the cutting blades. This allows coolant to spray out from the curved coolant channel and impact the center of the cutting blades. Guide grooves formed between the guide bosses direct the coolant towards the fishbone-shaped microtexture.

2. The internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fishbone-like microtexture includes a main groove and a secondary groove communicating with the main groove, the secondary groove being obliquely intersecting the main groove at a 45° angle.

3. The internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade is tilted 6°-8° toward the curved coolant channel.

4. The internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rake face is provided with a needle-shaped protrusion texture, and the needle-shaped protrusion texture forms a 45° angle with the cutting edge of the rake face.

5. The internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the crescent-shaped depression is 0.3-0.5 mm.

6. The internally cooled bionic indexable disc milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leading edge of the guide boss forms a 15°-20° angle with the rake face.

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