Lathe for machining large long hole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lathe for machining a large long hole, and relates to the technical field of machining equipment. A headstock is mounted at the head of the lathe bed, a tailstock is mounted at the tail of the lathe bed, a slide carriage box is mounted in the middle of the lathe bed, a first transition piece is mounted between the bottom of the headstock and the lathe bed, a second transition piece is mounted between the bottom of the tailstock and the lathe bed, a workpiece clamp is mounted on the top of the slide carriage box, and a workpiece is clamped in the workpiece clamp. One end of the cutter is connected with the tailstock, and the other end of the cutter is connected with the four-jaw chuck of the headstock after penetrating through the workpiece. The machining mode of workpiece rotation of a traditional lathe is changed, and a brand new machining mode that a workpiece is fixed and a cutter rotates is adopted. The vibration and centrifugal force influence caused by rotation of the workpiece is reduced, so that the cutter can more efficiently cut and process a large long hole, and the efficient processing requirement of a large batch of sleeve type aluminum product workpieces with specific specifications can be fully met.

Description

A lathe for machining large elongated holes Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining equipment technology, and in particular to a lathe for machining large elongated holes. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of aluminum composite parts, traditional lathes typically employ a machining method where the workpiece rotates and the cutting tool moves along the workpiece's axis of rotation parallel to the workpiece to machine the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces. While this traditional method offers a certain level of efficiency and precision, it reveals several shortcomings when machining large batches of aluminum composite parts with specific dimensions. For example, when machining long, narrow holes, the vibration and centrifugal force generated by the workpiece's high-speed rotation not only hinder the machining efficiency to meet the demands of large-scale production but also prevent the machining accuracy from consistently achieving the high precision requirements of aluminum composite parts with specific dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a lathe for machining long, narrow holes, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency and poor precision in machining long, narrow holes using traditional lathes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A lathe for machining large elongated holes includes a bed, a headstock mounted at the head of the bed, a tailstock mounted at the tail, and an apron mounted in the middle. A first transition piece is mounted between the bottom of the headstock and the bed, and a second transition piece is mounted between the bottom of the tailstock and the bed. A workpiece fixture is mounted on the top of the apron, holding a workpiece within the fixture. The lathe also includes a cutting tool, one end of which is connected to the tailstock, and the other end of which passes through the workpiece and is connected to a four-jaw chuck in the headstock.

[0006] The workpiece fixture includes a base, a lower cover arm, and an upper cover arm. The base is fitted onto the top of the slide box, the lower cover arm is mounted on the top of the base, and the upper cover arm is fastened to the lower cover arm. The upper cover arm is hinged to the lower cover arm at one end and detachably connected at the other end. Several locking components are equidistantly installed on the periphery of the upper cover arm and the lower cover arm.

[0007] The locking component includes a locking screw and a locking sleeve. The locking sleeve is installed on the periphery of the upper cover bend arm and the lower cover bend arm. The locking screw passes through the locking sleeve and abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece. The locking screw and the locking sleeve are threaded together.

[0008] The cutting tool includes a tool holder, one end of which is provided with a top head, the other end of which is provided with a stop block, a tool table is installed in the middle of the tool holder, the end of the tool holder with the top head is rotatably mounted on the center pin of the tailstock, and the end of the tool holder with the stop block is mounted on a four-jaw chuck.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model changes the traditional lathe machining mode of workpiece rotation, adopting a machining method where the workpiece is fixed and the cutting tool rotates. This method effectively reduces the impact of vibration and centrifugal force caused by workpiece rotation, allowing the cutting tool to cut long holes more efficiently. Large depth of cut significantly shortens the machining time for a single workpiece, resulting in good coaxiality and high dimensional accuracy of the machined holes, greatly improving production efficiency and fully meeting the high-efficiency machining needs of large batches of specific specification aluminum product workpieces.

[0010] The workpiece fixture enables stable clamping and precise positioning of the workpiece during machining, effectively reducing workpiece wobbling and displacement. Actual verification shows that the modified lathe achieves a machining accuracy of IT9-IT7 and a surface roughness of Ra6.3-0.8mm, fully meeting the stringent machining accuracy requirements of aluminum sleeve-type workpieces and ensuring product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the workpiece fixture of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting tool of this utility model.

[0014] In the picture:

[0015] 1. Bed; 2. Headstock; 3. Tailstock; 4. Slide box; 5. First transition piece; 6. Second transition piece; 7. Workpiece fixture; 701. Base; 702. Lower cover arm; 703. Upper cover arm; 704. Locking component; 705. Locking screw; 706. Locking sleeve; 8. Workpiece; 9. Cutting tool; 901. Tool holder; 902. Mandrel; 903. Stop; 904. Tool holder; 10. Ejector pin; 11. Four-jaw chuck. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0017] A lathe for machining large elongated holes includes a bed 1, a headstock 2 mounted at the head of the bed 1, a tailstock 3 mounted at the tail end, and an apron 4 mounted in the middle. A first transition piece 5 is mounted between the bottom of the headstock 2 and the bed 1, and a second transition piece 6 is mounted between the bottom of the tailstock 3 and the bed 1. A workpiece clamp 7 is mounted on the top of the apron 4, and a workpiece 8 is clamped in the workpiece clamp 7. The lathe also includes a cutting tool 9, one end of which is connected to the tailstock 3, and the other end of which passes through the workpiece 8 and is connected to the four-jaw chuck 11 of the headstock 2.

[0018] The workpiece fixture 7 includes a base 701, a lower cover arm 702, and an upper cover arm 703. The base 701 is fitted on the top of the slide box 4. The lower cover arm 702 is installed on the top of the base 701. The upper cover arm 703 is fastened to the lower cover arm 702. The upper cover arm 703 is hinged to one end of the lower cover arm 702 and detachably connected to the other end. Several locking elements 704 are equidistantly installed on the periphery of the upper cover arm 703 and the lower cover arm 702.

[0019] The locking component 704 includes a locking screw 705 and a locking sleeve 706. The locking sleeve 706 is installed on the periphery of the upper cover bend arm 703 and the lower cover bend arm 702. The locking screw 705 passes through the locking sleeve 706 and abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece 8. The locking screw 705 and the locking sleeve 706 are threadedly connected.

[0020] The cutting tool 9 includes a tool holder 901, one end of which is provided with a top head 902, and the other end of which is provided with a stop block 903. A tool table 904 is installed in the middle of the tool holder 901. The end of the tool holder 901 with the top head 902 is rotatably mounted on the ejector pin 10 of the tailstock 3, and the end of the tool holder 901 with the stop block 903 is mounted on a four-jaw chuck 11.

[0021] When using:

[0022] When actually using this lathe for machining large elongated holes, first place the workpiece 8 on the lower cover arm 702 of the workpiece fixture 7, then fasten the upper cover arm 703 onto the lower cover arm 702, and secure it by the detachably connected end of the upper cover arm 703 to the lower cover arm 702. Next, rotate the locking screw 705 of the locking member 704 so that the locking screw 705 passes through the locking sleeve 706 and abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece 8. Adjust the tightness of the locking screw 705 according to the material and size of the workpiece 8 to ensure that the workpiece 8 is securely clamped in the workpiece fixture 7.

[0023] The end of the tool holder 901 with the top head 902 is installed on the pin 10 of the tailstock 3 so that it can rotate freely; the end of the tool holder 901 with the stop block 903 is installed on the four-jaw chuck 11 of the headstock 2, and the tool 9 is fixed and positioned by the four-jaw chuck 11.

[0024] When the lathe is started, the four-jaw chuck 11 of the headstock 2 drives the cutting tool 9 to rotate, forming the main cutting motion. At the same time, the slide box 4 drives the workpiece fixture 7 and the workpiece 8 to move along the parallel axis of rotation. During the rotation, the cutting tool 9 performs cutting on the inner hole of the workpiece 8 until the required machining dimensions and accuracy are achieved.

[0025] During the machining process, parameters such as the rotational speed of the tool 9 and the feed rate of the workpiece 8 can be adjusted according to the actual machining situation to optimize the machining effect. After machining is completed, first loosen the locking screw 705 of the locking part 704, then open the detachable connection between the upper cover bending arm 703 and the lower cover bending arm 702, and take the machined workpiece 8 out of the workpiece fixture 7 to complete one machining operation.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lathe for machining large elongated holes, comprising a bed (1), a headstock (2) mounted at the head of the bed (1), a tailstock (3) mounted at the tail, and an apron (4) mounted in the middle, characterized in that: A first transition piece (5) is installed between the bottom of the headstock (2) and the bed (1), and a second transition piece (6) is installed between the bottom of the tailstock (3) and the bed (1). A workpiece clamp (7) is installed on the top of the slide box (4). The workpiece clamp (7) holds the workpiece (8) and also includes a cutting tool (9). One end of the cutting tool (9) is rotatably connected to the tailstock (3), and the other end of the cutting tool (9) passes through the workpiece (8) and is connected to the four-jaw chuck (11) of the headstock (2).

2. The lathe for machining large elongated holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece fixture (7) includes a base (701), a lower cover arm (702), and an upper cover arm (703). The base (701) is fitted on the top of the slide box (4). The lower cover arm (702) is installed on the top of the base (701). The upper cover arm (703) is fastened to the lower cover arm (702). The upper cover arm (703) is hinged to one end of the lower cover arm (702) and detachably connected to the other end. Several locking parts (704) are installed at equal intervals on the periphery of the upper cover arm (703) and the lower cover arm (702).

3. A lathe for machining large elongated holes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking component (704) includes a locking screw (705) and a locking sleeve (706). The locking sleeve (706) is installed on the periphery of the upper cover arm (703) and the lower cover arm (702). The locking screw (705) passes through the locking sleeve (706) and abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece (8). The locking screw (705) and the locking sleeve (706) are threaded together.

4. A lathe for machining large elongated holes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting tool (9) includes a tool holder (901), one end of which is provided with a top head (902), the other end of which is provided with a stop (903), a tool holder (904) is installed in the middle of the tool holder (901), one end of the tool holder (901) with the top head (902) is rotatably installed on the ejector pin (10) of the tailstock (3), and one end of the tool holder (901) with the stop (903) is installed on a four-jaw chuck (11).

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