Metal piece size finish machining machine tool
By designing a precision machining tool for metal parts with internal and external jaws and slag discharge holes, the problems of low efficiency and chip accumulation in the machining of ring-shaped workpieces by traditional vertical lathes have been solved, and a high-efficiency and stable machining process has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XUZHOU YUBANG ELECTROMECHANICAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-01
AI Technical Summary
When machining ring-shaped workpieces, traditional vertical lathes require frequent disassembly and replacement of chucks, which affects machining efficiency. Furthermore, metal chips tend to accumulate, leading to increased resistance to slide movement or jamming.
The design incorporates three inner jaws and three outer jaws. The inner and outer slides engage on the positioning plate to clamp the inner and outer walls of the ring-shaped workpiece without the need to replace the jaws. The jaws are driven to move by the inner and outer lead screws, and the automatic switching of the jaws is achieved by combining the bevel gear transmission system. At the same time, slag discharge holes are provided at both ends of the slide to remove cutting chips.
It improves processing efficiency, avoids the need for chuck replacement, reduces process intervals, prevents transmission blockage caused by chip accumulation, and ensures the continuity and stability of processing.
Smart Images
Figure CN224182617U_ABST
Abstract
Description
A precision machining tool for metal parts Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a machine tool for precision machining of metal parts. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of precision metal machining, the positioning and clamping system of ring-shaped workpieces (such as bearing rings, flanges, etc.) affects the dimensional accuracy of machining. Traditional vertical lathes often use a three-jaw chuck for radial clamping when machining ring-shaped workpieces, but this has significant drawbacks: First, when machining the inner and outer walls of the ring-shaped workpiece, the outer jaws or inner support jaws need to be disassembled and replaced, resulting in a long interval between operations and affecting machining efficiency; second, metal chips generated during turning are prone to accumulate in the chuck grooves, causing increased resistance to slide movement or even jamming, requiring frequent cleaning. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a precision machining tool for metal parts. By designing three inner jaws and three outer jaws, it is easy to switch between inner and outer clamping of ring-shaped workpieces without the need to reinstall or replace the jaws.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a precision machining machine tool for metal parts, including a machine tool body, wherein a positioning mechanism is provided on the machine tool body, and the positioning mechanism includes:
[0005] The positioning plate is rotatably mounted on the machine tool body;
[0006] An external positioning assembly for clamping the outer wall of a ring-shaped workpiece includes three outer slide blocks slidably mounted on a positioning plate, and the outer slide blocks are provided with outer claws.
[0007] An internal positioning assembly for clamping the inner wall of a ring-shaped workpiece includes three inner slides slidably mounted on a positioning plate, each inner slide having an inner claw.
[0008] Preferably, the positioning disk has six evenly spaced grooves extending radially along the positioning disk, and the three outer sliding blocks and the three inner sliding blocks are staggered and slide in cooperation with the six grooves respectively.
[0009] Preferably, the positioning plate is rotatably mounted with three internal lead screws and three external lead screws. The internal lead screws and external lead screws are threadedly engaged with the internal slide block and the external slide block, respectively. When the internal lead screw rotates, the corresponding internal slide block moves in the slide groove; when the external lead screw rotates, the corresponding external slide block moves in the slide groove.
[0010] Preferably, a first bevel gear ring and a second bevel gear ring are rotatably mounted on the positioning disk, a first bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear ring is fixed on the inner screw, and a second bevel gear that meshes with the second bevel gear ring is fixed on the outer screw.
[0011] Preferably, a first adjusting rod and a second adjusting rod are rotatably mounted on the positioning plate. A third bevel gear that meshes with a first bevel gear ring is fixed on the first adjusting rod, and a fourth bevel gear that meshes with a second bevel gear ring is fixed on the second adjusting rod.
[0012] Preferably, a cover is provided on the outside of the positioning disk, which covers the first bevel gear ring, the second bevel gear ring, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear.
[0013] Preferably, both ends of the chute are provided with slag discharge holes that penetrate the positioning disk along the axial direction of the positioning disk.
[0014] Preferably, both the inner and outer slide blocks are provided with slag-removing blocks, and the end face of the slag-removing blocks is wedge-shaped. When the inner and outer slide blocks move in the slide groove, the slag-removing blocks push out the waste debris in the inner wall of the slide groove.
[0015] Preferably, the positioning disk has an axially penetrating through hole at its center.
[0016] Preferably, the inner and outer jaws are respectively provided with an inner boss and an outer boss, which are used to support the lower end face of the workpiece.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0018] This invention utilizes three inner slide blocks and three outer slide blocks slidably mounted on a positioning plate. The inner jaws on the inner slide blocks can abut against the inner wall of the annular workpiece from the inside, allowing the cutting head to machine the outer wall of the annular workpiece. Conversely, when the outer jaws on the outer slide blocks abut against the outer wall of the annular workpiece from the outside, the cutting head can machine the inner wall of the annular workpiece. The alternating use of the inner and outer jaws eliminates the need for jaw changing required in traditional three-jaw chuck machining of annular workpieces, thus improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, the design incorporates inner and outer lead screws; rotating the outer lead screw drives the outer slide blocks... The mechanism moves within the chute, and rotating the inner lead screw drives the inner slide block to move within the chute. All inner lead screws mesh with the first bevel gear and the first bevel gear ring through the first bevel gear, and all outer lead screws mesh with the second bevel gear and the second bevel gear ring through the second bevel gear. Driving the first or second bevel gear ring to rotate drives all inner or outer chucks to move. The designed first and second adjusting rods facilitate the rotation of the first and second bevel gear rings. Slag discharge holes are designed at both ends of the chute to facilitate the discharge of machining waste falling into the chute and prevent the mechanism from jamming. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a metal part dimensional precision machining machine tool provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the positioning mechanism of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the positioning mechanism of this utility model after the mask is removed.
[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner slide and inner claw of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 5 is a top view of the positioning mechanism of this utility model.
[0025] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of section AA in Figure 5.
[0026] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of section BB in Figure 5.
[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0028] 1. Machine tool body; 2. Positioning plate; 3. Outer slide; 4. Outer jaw; 5. Inner slide; 6. Inner jaw; 7. Slide groove; 8. Inner lead screw; 9. Outer lead screw; 10. First bevel gear ring; 11. Second bevel gear ring; 12. First bevel gear; 13. Second bevel gear; 14. First adjusting rod; 15. Second adjusting rod; 16. Third bevel gear; 17. Fourth bevel gear; 18. Slag discharge hole; 19. Slag removal block; 20. Through hole; 21. Inner boss; 22. Outer boss; 23. Cover; 24. Groove cover; 25. Slewing bearing. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0030] Example 1:
[0031] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, Embodiment 1 of this utility model provides a precision machining machine for metal parts, including a machine body 1. A positioning disk 2 is mounted on the top of the machine body 1 via a slewing bearing. The machine body 1 can adopt an existing design, generally including a power mechanism for driving the positioning disk 2 to rotate and a displacement mechanism for the cutting tool. Since this utility model is an improvement on an existing vertical lathe, the focus of the improvement is on the chuck structure, so the structure of the machine body 1 will not be described in detail. The positioning disk 2 of this utility model has six radially extending slide grooves 7 evenly distributed along its circumference. Outer slide blocks 3 are slidably installed in three of the slide grooves 7, and inner slide blocks 5 are slidably installed in the other three slide grooves 7. The outer slide blocks 3 and inner slide blocks 5 are staggered.
[0032] Each outer slide block 3 has an outer claw 4 fixedly connected to its top, and each inner slide block 5 has an inner claw 6 fixedly connected to its top. A through hole 20 is formed in the center of the positioning disk 2, extending axially through the positioning disk 2. Three outer lead screws 9 and three inner lead screws 8 are respectively installed in six slide grooves 7 via bearing seats. The outer lead screws 9 are threadedly engaged with the outer slide blocks 3, and the inner lead screws 8 are threadedly engaged with the inner slide blocks 5. As shown in Figure 6, a removable groove cover 24 is fixed to one end of the slide groove 7 away from the center of the positioning disk 2. One end of the inner lead screw 8 is rotatably mounted on the positioning disk 2, and the other end passes through the groove cover 24 and rotatably engages with it. The installation method of the outer lead screws 9 is the same as that of the inner lead screws 8.
[0033] As shown in Figure 6, a first bevel gear ring 10 and a second bevel gear ring 11 are fitted onto the outer side of the positioning disk 2 via a slewing bearing 25. A first bevel gear 12, meshing with the first bevel gear ring 10, is fixed on the inner lead screw 8, and a second bevel gear 13, meshing with the second bevel gear ring 11, is fixed on the outer lead screw 9. Thus, rotating the first bevel gear ring 10 simultaneously drives all the inner lead screws 8 to rotate, thereby driving all the inner slide blocks 5 to move in the slide groove 7, allowing the inner chuck 6 to abut against the inner wall of the annular workpiece from the inside. Rotating the second bevel gear ring 11 simultaneously drives all the outer lead screws 9 to rotate, thereby driving all the outer slide blocks 3 to move in the slide groove 7, allowing the outer chuck 4 to abut against the outer wall of the annular workpiece from the outside.
[0034] Through the above design, the positioning mechanism of this utility model includes two clamping systems. When machining the outer wall of the annular workpiece, the inner jaw 6 is used to clamp the inner side of the annular workpiece; when machining the inner wall of the annular workpiece, the outer jaw 4 is used to clamp the outer wall of the annular workpiece, so that the jaws do not need to be replaced when changing the clamping position.
[0035] Example 2:
[0036] Based on Embodiment 1, for ease of use and to prevent cutting debris from entering the transmission mechanism, this invention includes a cover 23 fixed to the outside of the positioning disk 2. The cover 23 encloses the first bevel ring 10, the first bevel gear 12, the second bevel ring 11, and the second bevel gear 13. Simultaneously, a first adjusting rod 14 and a second adjusting rod 15 are rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the positioning disk 2 via bearings. On the rods of the first adjusting rod 14 and the second adjusting rod 15 located inside the cover 23, a third bevel gear 16 meshing with the first bevel ring 10 and a fourth bevel gear 17 meshing with the second bevel ring 11 are respectively fixed. Handwheels are fixed to the ends of the first adjusting rod 14 and the second adjusting rod 15 extending outside the cover 23, facilitating user rotation of the first adjusting rod 14 and the second adjusting rod 15.
[0037] Example 3:
[0038] Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, Embodiment 3 of this invention provides slag discharge holes 18 at both ends of the slide groove 7. The axis of the slag discharge holes 18 is parallel to the axis of the positioning disk 2 and penetrates the positioning disk 2. Wedge-shaped slag-removing blocks 19 are welded to both ends of the outer slide block 3, with their end faces forming wedge-shaped working surfaces; similarly, wedge-shaped slag-removing blocks 19 are provided at both ends of the inner slide block 5. When the outer slide block 3 moves along the slide groove 7, the wedge-shaped surfaces of the slag-removing blocks 19 push the metal shavings accumulated in the guide groove of the slide groove 7 to the bottom of the slide groove 7 and are then pushed by the outer slide block 3 towards the slag discharge holes 18. The debris generated during the cutting process falls vertically through the slag discharge holes 18 under the action of gravity. The slag-removing blocks 19 on the inner slide block 5 serve the same function.
[0039] This invention effectively prevents transmission obstruction caused by debris accumulation through the self-cleaning design of the outer slide 3 and the inner slide 5.
[0040] Example 4:
[0041] Based on the above embodiments, this utility model provides an outer boss 22 on the side of the outer jaw 4 near the center of the positioning disk 2; and an inner boss 21 on the side of the inner jaw 6 away from the center of the positioning disk 2. The function of the inner boss 21 and the outer boss 22 is to support the bottom of the annular workpiece, so that when a small amount of cutting waste remains on the positioning disk 2, the annular workpiece is higher than the surface of the positioning disk 2 and is not affected by the waste. If there is no inner boss 21 and outer boss 22, this positioning mechanism can also be used normally after the user manually cleans the cutting waste.
[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A machine tool for precision machining of metal parts, comprising a machine tool body, characterized in that, The machine tool body is provided with a positioning mechanism, which includes: a positioning disk, rotatably mounted on the machine tool body; an outer positioning assembly for clamping the outer wall of the annular workpiece, including three outer slides slidably mounted on the positioning disk, the outer slides being provided with outer jaws; and an inner positioning assembly for clamping the inner wall of the annular workpiece, including three inner slides slidably mounted on the positioning disk, the inner slides being provided with inner jaws.
2. The precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning disk has six evenly spaced grooves extending radially along it. The three outer sliding blocks and the three inner sliding blocks are staggered and slide in cooperation with the six grooves respectively.
3. The precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning plate is rotatably mounted with three internal lead screws and three external lead screws. The internal lead screws and external lead screws are threadedly engaged with the internal slide block and the external slide block, respectively. When the internal lead screw rotates, the corresponding internal slide block moves in the slide groove; when the external lead screw rotates, the corresponding external slide block moves in the slide groove.
4. The precision machining machine tool for metal parts as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning disk is rotatably mounted with a first bevel gear ring and a second bevel gear ring. The inner screw is fixed with a first bevel gear that meshes with the first bevel gear ring, and the outer screw is fixed with a second bevel gear that meshes with the second bevel gear ring.
5. A precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning plate is rotatably mounted with a first adjusting rod and a second adjusting rod. A third bevel gear that meshes with a first bevel gear ring is fixed on the first adjusting rod, and a fourth bevel gear that meshes with a second bevel gear ring is fixed on the second adjusting rod.
6. The precision machining machine tool for metal parts as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning disk is covered by a shield, which covers the first bevel gear ring, the second bevel gear ring, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear, the third bevel gear and the fourth bevel gear.
7. A precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both ends of the chute are provided with slag discharge holes that penetrate the positioning disk along the axial direction of the positioning disk.
8. A precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both the inner and outer slide blocks are equipped with slag-removing blocks. The end face of the slag-removing blocks is wedge-shaped. When the inner and outer slide blocks move in the slide groove, the slag-removing blocks push out the waste debris in the inner wall of the slide groove.
9. A precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning disk has an axial through hole at its center.
10. A precision machining tool for metal parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner and outer jaws are respectively provided with an inner boss and an outer boss, which are used to support the lower end face of the workpiece.