Seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of seed cotton cleaning and discloses a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine which comprises a machine shell, a cleaning cavity and a separation cavity are arranged in the machine shell, and a cotton discharging channel is arranged on the lower portion in the separation cavity. The linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly comprises a winding roller arranged below the feeding hole of the cleaning chamber; the differential tearing assembly is arranged below the linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly and comprises at least three groups of barbed nail rollers which are sequentially distributed in the horizontal direction and are gradually increased in linear speed, and lattice bars are arranged below the barbed nail rollers; the casting roller is arranged behind the discharging direction of the last group of barbed nail rollers; the negative pressure cleaning assembly comprises a negative pressure cavity arranged below the lattice bar grid, a sedimentation bin connected with the negative pressure cavity and a negative pressure fan connected with the sedimentation bin. According to the seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning device, different cleaning modes are adopted for different types of foreign fibers through a classified cleaning mechanism, and the cleaning effect of the seed cotton foreign fibers is remarkably improved.

Description

A cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seed cotton cleaning technology, specifically to a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine. Background Technology

[0002] During cotton harvesting and transportation, raw seed cotton inevitably becomes contaminated with various impurities, mainly falling into two categories: one is linear foreign fibers, such as long fibrous impurities like hair, hemp threads, and plastic threads; the other is sheet-like or block-like foreign fibers, such as plastic film flakes and cloth strips. If these impurities are not thoroughly removed, they will seriously affect the quality of subsequent ginning and spinning, leading to a decline in the grade of the finished cotton and impacting economic benefits.

[0003] In existing technologies, the cleaning of foreign fibers mainly involves using spiked rollers to beat them, separating the foreign fibers from the seed cotton, and then collecting them through a grid. However, this method has the following problems: For linear foreign fibers, such as hair and hemp thread, due to their long length and strong flexibility, simple beating is not effective in separating them, and they are easy to get tangled in the equipment; For large foreign fibers, such as plastic film sheets, the existing single spiked roller treatment method has poor tearing effect, and large foreign fibers are easy to adhere to the surface of the spiked roller. Even if they are separated from the seed cotton, they are difficult to pass through the grid for effective collection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine, which can effectively solve the problem of poor seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning effect in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine, characterized in that it includes:

[0007] A cotton seed foreign fiber cleaning machine, characterized in that it comprises:

[0008] The casing has a cleaning chamber and a separation chamber located on one side of the cleaning chamber and communicating with the cleaning chamber. The lower part of the separation chamber has a cotton discharge channel.

[0009] A linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly, including a winding roller disposed below the feed inlet of the cleaning chamber;

[0010] A differential tearing assembly is located below the linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly, including at least three sets of spiked rollers that are distributed in sequence along the horizontal direction and have increasing linear speeds. The spiked rollers rotate in the same direction and each set of spiked rollers is provided with a grid below it.

[0011] The ejector roller, located behind the last set of spiked rollers in the discharge direction, is used to eject the seed cotton into the separation chamber.

[0012] The negative pressure cleaning assembly includes a negative pressure chamber located below the grid, a settling chamber connected to the negative pressure chamber, and a negative pressure fan connected to the settling chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a sheet fiber collection bin, and a dust cage is provided in the upper part of the separation chamber, with a material discharge roller provided on the side of the dust cage near the sheet fiber collection bin.

[0014] Furthermore, the spike density on the surfaces of the multiple sets of spike rollers is arranged in an increasing manner.

[0015] Furthermore, the linear velocity difference between two adjacent sets of spike rollers is set to decrease progressively.

[0016] Furthermore, the gaps between the grid strips below the multiple sets of spiked rollers are set in a decreasing manner.

[0017] Furthermore, the negative pressure chamber is connected to the settling chamber via a connecting pipe, and a windproof valve is installed inside the settling chamber. The cross-section of the connecting pipe is smaller than the cross-section of the settling chamber.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. Linear foreign fibers in seed cotton can be collected by winding rollers, while large foreign fibers are collected by being torn apart step by step by multiple sets of spiked rollers with different linear speeds. The foreign fibers are sorted and cleaned, which can effectively improve the cleaning effect of seed cotton.

[0020] 2. The linear velocity difference between two adjacent sets of spiked rollers is set to decrease, so as to ensure that the main tearing work is carried out in the front section (between the first and second spiked rollers), that is, tearing large pieces of foreign fibers into medium-sized fragments, while fine tearing is carried out in the rear section (between the second and third spiked rollers), further tearing the medium fragments into small fragments, thus avoiding excessive damage to the seed cotton fibers.

[0021] 3. The combination of mechanical cleaning with spiked rollers and negative pressure cleaning components can accelerate the cleaning efficiency of foreign fibers in seed cotton. Moreover, the negative pressure cleaning component sucks up impurities under negative pressure and collects them through automatic sedimentation. Compared with conventional impurity removal augers, impurity cleaning and collection are thorough and more effective.

[0022] 4. The separation chamber is equipped with a dust cage and a flaky foreign fiber collection bin to collect any remaining small amount of flaky foreign fibers, further improving the seed cotton cleaning effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0025] in:

[0026] 1-Frame, 2-Cleaning chamber, 3-Separation chamber, 4-Feed inlet, 5-Winding roller, 6-Baffle, 7-Rotating plate, 8-Guide plate, 9-First spiked roller, 10-Second spiked roller, 11-Third spiked roller, 12-Throwing roller, 13-First grid, 14-Second grid, 15-Third grid, 16-Cotton discharge channel, 17-Dust cage, 18-Discharge roller, 19-Sheet-shaped foreign fiber collection bin, 20-Negative pressure chamber, 21-Connecting pipe, 22-Settling bin, 23-Windproof valve. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] As shown in Figure 1, this utility model provides a seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine, including a machine housing 1, a linear foreign fiber cleaning component, a differential tearing component, a negative pressure cleaning component, and a throwing roller 12 disposed inside the machine housing 1.

[0029] Specifically, the machine casing 1 has a cleaning chamber 2 and a separation chamber 3 on the left and right sides respectively, which are connected in the middle. The cleaning chamber 2 has a feed inlet 4 at the upper end. The linear foreign fiber cleaning component is located below the feed inlet 4. The differential tearing component is located inside the cleaning chamber 2 and below the linear foreign fiber cleaning component.

[0030] In this embodiment, the linear foreign fiber cleaning component consists of two sets of winding rollers. Specifically, the two sets of winding rollers are separated by a partition 6. Each set of winding rollers consists of multiple winding rollers 5 arranged at intervals from top to bottom. A rotating plate 7 is provided above the partition 6. The rotating plate 7 can select whether the seed cotton enters the left or right channel. A guide plate 8 is also provided on the side wall of the right channel to prevent the seed cotton from falling into the right side of the differential tearing component. The seed cotton enters the cleaning chamber 2 through the feed inlet 4. The winding rollers 5 can wind and attach long foreign fiber impurities such as hair, hemp thread, and plastic thread onto the roller shaft. Through the processing of the winding rollers 5, long filamentous impurities such as hair, hemp thread, and plastic thread are separated from the seed cotton in time, avoiding them from entering the subsequent cleaning process. These impurities wrapped on the rollers can be manually cleaned when the machine stops. The setting of two sets of winding rollers can reduce downtime.

[0031] The differential tearing assembly consists of three sets of spiked rollers, including a first spiked roller 9, a second spiked roller 10, and a third spiked roller 11. The three sets of spiked rollers are arranged sequentially from left to right and are driven to rotate by a stepper motor (not shown in the figure). The linear velocities of the three sets of spiked rollers are set to increase progressively, and the difference in linear velocity between adjacent sets of spiked rollers is set to decrease progressively. Specifically, in this embodiment:

[0032] First spike roller 9: D1=380mm, n1=650rpm, v1=12.95m / s;

[0033] Second spiked roller 10: D2=340mm, n2=850rpm, v2=15.16m / s;

[0034] Third spiked roller 10: D3=340mm, n3=1050rpm, v3=16.49m / s;

[0035] Specifically, the linear velocity difference between the first spiked roller 9 and the second spiked roller 10 is 2.21 m / s, and the linear velocity difference between the second spiked roller 10 and the third spiked roller 11 is 1.33 m / s. The increasing linear velocity of the spiked rollers ensures that the material is conveyed backward. The decreasing linear velocity difference between adjacent sets of spiked rollers ensures that large foreign fibers in the seed cotton are torn into medium-sized fragments in the front section (between the first spiked roller 9 and the second spiked roller 10), and then torn into small fragments in the rear section (between the second spiked roller 10 and the third spiked roller 11). In addition, the increasing spike density on the three sets of spiked rollers improves the capture and cleaning effect of foreign fibers of different sizes.

[0036] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the diameters of the three sets of spiked rollers are set in descending order to accommodate the size of heterogeneous fibers at different stages. Of course, spiked rollers of the same diameter can also be used, as long as the linear speeds of the three sets of spiked rollers are set in ascending order and the difference in linear speed between adjacent sets of spiked rollers is set in descending order. The difference in linear speed between the spiked rollers should be determined according to the actual properties of the seed cotton fibers to avoid damage to the seed cotton fibers.

[0037] Below the first spiked roller 9, the second spiked roller 10, and the third spiked roller 11, there are respectively a first grid 13, a second grid 14, and a third grid 15, with the gap between the three decreasing to facilitate the discharge of different sized heterogeneous fibers from each spiked roller.

[0038] The negative pressure cleaning assembly includes a negative pressure chamber 20, a connecting pipe 21, and a settling chamber 22. The negative pressure chamber 20 is connected to the lower part of the three sets of grid bars. The settling chamber 22 is located outside the housing 1 and has a cylindrical housing structure with a vertical distribution. The negative pressure chamber 20 is connected to the interior of the settling chamber 22 through the connecting pipe 21. In this embodiment, the upper end of the settling chamber 22 is connected to the air inlet of the negative pressure fan (not shown in the figure), and the connecting pipe 21 is connected to the middle part of the settling chamber 22. A windproof valve 23 is provided below the connection point, and the cross-section of the connecting pipe 21 is smaller than the cross-section of the middle part of the settling chamber 22. The negative pressure fan can create a negative pressure environment in the negative pressure chamber 20 to adsorb foreign fibers and other impurities on the three sets of grid bars. Moreover, when foreign fibers or other impurities enter the interior of the settling chamber 22, the gas flow rate decreases due to the increased cross-section, and the foreign fibers and impurities will settle into the settling chamber 22 below the windproof valve 23.

[0039] The ejector roller 12 is located to the right of the third spike roller 11 and at the junction of the cleaning chamber 2 and the separation chamber 3. The ejector roller 12 rotates counterclockwise, and the cleaned seed cotton can be ejected into the separation chamber 3 through the ejector roller 12.

[0040] The lower part of the separation chamber 3 is provided with a cotton discharge channel 16. The seed cotton that is thrown into the separation chamber 3 by the throwing roller 12 falls into the cotton discharge channel 16 under the action of gravity after hitting the right side wall of the separation chamber 3.

[0041] In addition, in this embodiment, to further ensure the cleaning effect, a dust cage 17, a material discharge roller 18, and a sheet fiber collection bin 19 are also provided in the upper part of the separation chamber 3. Two sets of dust cages 17 and sheet fiber collection bins 19 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. The two sets of dust cages 17 rotate in opposite directions and are separated by a baffle. The dust cage 17 is located on the inlet side of the sheet fiber collection bin 19. The material discharge roller 18 is arranged between the dust cage 17 and the sheet fiber collection bin 19 and rotates in the opposite direction to the dust cage 17. The sheet fibers adsorbed on the surface of the dust cage 17 are peeled off by the material discharge roller 18 and fall into the sheet fiber collection bin 19, avoiding the problem of impurities remaining after the negative pressure cleaning component is cleaned.

[0042] When this device is in operation, seed cotton enters the machine casing 1 through the feed inlet 4. It first passes through the winding roller 5, where long, linear fibers (such as hair, hemp thread, plastic thread, and other longer foreign fibers) in the seed cotton are wrapped and attached to the winding roller 5. Then, the seed cotton continues to fall to the left of the first spiked roller 9. As the seed cotton passes through spiked rollers with different linear speeds, it contains large, difficult-to-remove foreign fibers (such as plastic film). One end of these large foreign fibers is entangled by the cotton bundle on the previous spiked roller, while the other end is rapidly pulled by the next spiked roller, thus being torn into smaller fragments under the action of the linear speed difference. These fragments are then continuously passed through multiple stages of spiked rollers. After being struck and stretched, large pieces of foreign fibers are torn apart and fully separated from the seed cotton fibers. At the same time, most leaf debris, dust and small impurities are also removed from the seed cotton. These impurities are sucked into the settling chamber 22 through the negative pressure chamber 20. After passing through the last stage of spiked rollers, the seed cotton has basically removed most of the foreign fibers. At this time, the seed cotton is thrown into the separation chamber 3 in a parabolic shape by the action of the throwing roller 12 and is dispersed in the air to form a loose seed cotton flow. A small amount of unremoved flaky foreign fibers enter the flaky foreign fiber collection chamber 19 through the dust cage 17 and the discharge roller 18. The seed cotton falls through the cotton discharge channel 16.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine, characterized in that, include: The casing has a cleaning chamber and a separation chamber located on one side of the cleaning chamber and communicating with the cleaning chamber. The lower part of the separation chamber has a cotton discharge channel. A linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly, including a winding roller disposed below the feed inlet of the cleaning chamber; The differential speed tearing assembly, located below the linear foreign fiber cleaning assembly, includes at least three sets of spiked rollers arranged in a horizontal direction with increasing linear velocity. The spiked rollers rotate in the same direction, and each set of spiked rollers is provided with a grid below it. The throwing roller, located behind the last set of spiked rollers in the discharge direction, is used to throw the seed cotton into the separation chamber. The negative pressure cleaning assembly includes a negative pressure chamber located below the grid, a settling chamber connected to the negative pressure chamber, and a negative pressure fan connected to the settling chamber.

2. The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sheet fiber collection bin, and a dust cage is provided in the upper part of the separation chamber. A material discharge roller is provided on the side of the dust cage near the sheet fiber collection bin.

3. The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spike density on the surface of the multiple sets of spike rollers is set in an increasing manner.

4. The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear velocity difference between two adjacent sets of spike rollers is set to decrease progressively.

5. The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaps between the grid strips below the multiple sets of spike rollers are set in a decreasing manner.

6. The seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure chamber is connected to the settling chamber via a connecting pipe. The settling chamber is equipped with a windproof valve, and the cross-section of the connecting pipe is smaller than that of the settling chamber.

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