Composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling. The composite damper comprises a magnetic conductive rod body unit, an electromagnetic induction unit, a hydraulic damping unit and a rotary connecting unit. The magnetic conductive rod body unit penetrates through an inner cavity of the electromagnetic induction unit, and two ends of the magnetic conductive rod body unit are connected with the outside through the rotary connecting unit; the electromagnetic induction unit comprises a conductive layer in clearance fit with the magnetic conductive rod body unit and a cooling medium layer surrounding the conductive layer. The hydraulic damping unit is composed of viscous fluid filled in a cavity between the magnetic conductive rod body unit and the electromagnetic induction unit; and each magnetic conductive rod body unit comprises an energy dissipation structure capable of generating plastic deformation. Through electromagnetic induction and fluid damping composite energy consumption, a copper barrel-shaped structure is arranged, eddy current damping force is generated through the Lenz's law, mechanical energy is converted into heat energy, mechanical friction is not needed, and the maintenance cost is low; meanwhile, the hydraulic oil hinders the connecting rod from sliding through viscous resistance, and kinetic energy is further consumed.

Description

A composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge seismic protection technology, specifically a composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of bridge seismic technology, dampers are the core components for energy dissipation and vibration reduction. Currently, mainstream technologies are mainly divided into displacement-dependent dampers, velocity-dependent dampers, and other special dampers, each with specific application scenarios and technical limitations.

[0003] Displacement-dependent dampers absorb energy through friction or metal plastic deformation. They are simple in construction, cost-controllable, and particularly suitable for stable energy dissipation under large displacement conditions.

[0004] Velocity-dependent dampers, represented by viscous dampers, convert kinetic energy into thermal energy through the viscous shearing action of fluids such as silicone oil. Their advantage lies in not changing the structural stiffness characteristics, making them particularly suitable for renovation projects that need to maintain the original dynamic characteristics of the structure.

[0005] Among special dampers, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) counteract the vibration of the main structure by adding an anti-phase motion of a mass block, and perform outstandingly in wind vibration control of super high-rise buildings; eddy current dampers utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve non-contact energy dissipation, solving the wear problem of traditional mechanical parts, and have technical advantages in long-life requirements.

[0006] Although bridge seismic resistance technology has formed a relatively complete system, the following problems still exist in practice:

[0007] 1. Traditional dampers often rely on a single physical principle, such as pure friction, pure fluid, or pure electromagnetism, which leads to energy dissipation blind spots under broadband seismic wave excitation. Typically, viscous dampers experience a sharp drop in damping force at low frequencies, while metal dampers are sluggish in response to high frequencies.

[0008] 2. Existing connection mechanisms mostly use planar hinges or sliding supports, which are difficult to adapt to the multi-directional coupled vibrations in space caused by earthquakes. This leads to the interruption of the mechanical transmission path when the damper vibrates in a non-design direction, which seriously affects the energy dissipation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main objective of this invention is to provide a composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling that uses multiple mechanisms to dissipate energy for damping.

[0010] This utility model provides a composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling, comprising a magnetic rod unit, an electromagnetic induction unit, a hydraulic damping unit, and a rotating connection unit. The magnetic rod unit is disposed through the internal cavity of the electromagnetic induction unit, and its two ends are connected to the outside through the rotating connection unit. The electromagnetic induction unit includes a conductive layer that is gap-fitted with the magnetic rod unit and a cooling medium layer surrounding the conductive layer. The hydraulic damping unit is composed of a viscous fluid filling the cavity between the magnetic rod unit and the electromagnetic induction unit. The magnetic rod unit includes an energy dissipation structure capable of plastic deformation.

[0011] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the magnetic rod unit includes a permanent magnet, a rubber layer, and a steel column; the permanent magnet has a disk-shaped structure, and its upper and lower surfaces are respectively connected to the steel column and the hollow plate through the rubber layer; the rubber layer is made of high-damping rubber material.

[0012] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the connection end between the steel column and the permanent magnet is provided with two annular protrusions, which are embedded in the rubber layer through interference fit to form a mechanical locking structure.

[0013] In one embodiment of the aforementioned damper, the perforated plate is a soft steel plate with a cylindrical perforated array inside, and a connecting steel column is fixed to its outer side.

[0014] In one embodiment of the aforementioned damper, the electromagnetic induction unit includes a steel layer, a coolant layer, and a copper layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; the copper layer is a barrel-shaped structure made of copper, and its inner diameter is fitted with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet.

[0015] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the coolant layer is filled with ethylene glycol-based coolant, and the surface of the steel layer is hot-dip galvanized to form a closed cavity.

[0016] In one embodiment of the aforementioned damper, the rotating connection unit includes a ball head and a square box; the ball head is welded to the end of a steel column, and the square box has a narrowed opening and is fixed to the bridge surface through a limiting seat, forming a ball hinge structure that allows rotation.

[0017] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the square box is made of high-strength cast steel, and its side is detachably connected to the limiting seat by high-strength bolts.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. By combining electromagnetic induction and fluid damping to dissipate energy, a copper barrel-shaped structure is set up to generate eddy current damping force through Lenz's law, converting mechanical energy into heat energy. No mechanical friction is required, resulting in low maintenance costs. At the same time, the hydraulic oil hinders the sliding of the connecting rod through viscous resistance, further dissipating kinetic energy.

[0020] 2. The hollow soft steel column generates a larger plastic deformation space under seismic action, absorbs energy through material yielding, compensates for the efficiency decay of electromagnetic and fluid damping under low-frequency vibration, and enhances the multi-stage energy dissipation capacity through structural optimization.

[0021] 3. The rotating support allows the device to rotate freely in three-dimensional space, responding to the swaying of the bridge in any direction and ensuring that the damper always maintains effective force under complex ground vibrations. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of Figure 1. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The relevant technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, the composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling disclosed in this embodiment includes a connecting rod assembly 1, a damping wall assembly 2, and a rotating support 3.

[0026] The connecting rod assembly 1 includes a permanent magnet 11, a rubber layer 12, a steel column 13, and a perforated plate 14.

[0027] The permanent magnet 11 is disc-shaped, and its upper and lower surfaces are covered with a rubber layer 12 of uniform thickness. The rubber layer is made of high-damping rubber material, which not only has good flexibility, but also has a high coefficient of friction, which is used to increase sliding resistance and buffer impact.

[0028] One end of the permanent magnet 11 is connected to the steel column 13 through the rubber layer 12. The steel column 13 is a solid cylinder with two annular protrusions near the end of the permanent magnet. These protrusions are embedded in the rubber layer of the permanent magnet through an interference fit, forming a mechanical locking structure.

[0029] The other end of the permanent magnet 11 is connected to the perforated plate 14 via a rubber layer 12. The perforated plate 14 is made of soft steel sheet and has a cylindrical perforated array inside to guide stress concentration and increase the space for plastic deformation. Under earthquake action, the perforated plate will undergo tensile and compressive deformations as the bridge sways. Its internal perforated structure generates more plastic deformation during the deformation process, thus consuming energy more fully.

[0030] A steel column 13 is fixed to the outside of the perforated plate 14, serving as a connecting rod to connect with the outside world.

[0031] The damping wall assembly 2 is a multi-layered composite cylindrical structure that encloses the permanent magnet 11, rubber layer 12, steel column 13, hollow plate 14 and other structures of the connecting rod assembly 1 in its inner cavity.

[0032] Hydraulic oil is filled between the damping wall assembly 2 and the steel column 13, while the perforated plate 14 is not filled. The hydraulic oil generates viscous resistance, which effectively hinders the rapid sliding of the connecting rod, converting the kinetic energy generated by vibration into heat energy, thereby further dissipating seismic energy and enhancing the damping effect.

[0033] The damping wall assembly 2 comprises, from the outside to the inside, a steel layer 21, a coolant layer 22, and a copper layer 23.

[0034] Steel layer 21 is the outermost shell, made of high-strength alloy steel, with hot-dip galvanized surface treatment, forming a closed cavity and bearing external loads.

[0035] The coolant layer 22 is filled with ethylene glycol-based coolant, which has high specific heat capacity and good thermal conductivity.

[0036] The copper layer 23 is made of copper in the shape of a barrel, and its inner diameter is fitted with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 11 with a clearance; the copper layer is fixed to the steel layer 21 by bolts.

[0037] When the device shakes under the action of an earthquake, the magnetic flux passing through the copper layer will change. According to Lenz's law, an induced current, namely eddy current, will be generated in the copper layer. The eddy current will interact with the magnetic field and generate resistance to the shaking of the device. At the same time, the eddy current will generate heat when it flows in the copper layer, and this heat will be carried away by the coolant layer.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2, the rotating support 3 includes a ball head 31 and a square box 32.

[0039] Two ball heads 31 are welded to the ends of the two steel columns 13 respectively; the square box 32 is a rectangle made of high-strength cast steel, with a narrowed opening on one side; the two ball heads are respectively placed in the square box to form a mechanical limit. The side of the square box is fixed to the bridge surface by high-strength bolts and limit seats.

[0040] Rotary bearings allow the ball head to rotate in three dimensions, breaking the problem that ordinary connections can only move in two dimensions; at the same time, they can prevent the ball from coming off, ensuring the continuity of the force transmission path under the action of multi-directional components of an earthquake.

[0041] The cooperative working mechanism of this composite damper is as follows:

[0042] Electromagnetic-hydraulic coupling stage: When the bridge experiences high-frequency vibration, the permanent magnet drives the steel column to move in the hydraulic oil chamber, and the oil generates viscous damping force; at the same time, the relative motion between the permanent magnet and the copper layer generates eddy current damping force, and the dual-mechanism coupling provides initial energy dissipation.

[0043] Plastic energy dissipation stage: Under low-frequency large displacement conditions, the soft steel matrix of the perforated plate yields, and its spherical perforated structure increases the equivalent plastic strain, dissipating the remaining energy through material hysteresis.

[0044] Three-dimensional motion compensation: When the bridge experiences torsional vibration, the ball joint structure of the rotating support automatically adjusts the angle of the connecting rod to ensure that the damping force vector is always collinear with the vibration direction, and adapts to angle errors in multi-directional vibration.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling, characterized in that: It includes a magnetic rod body unit, an electromagnetic induction unit, a hydraulic damping unit, and a rotating connection unit; the magnetic rod body unit is disposed through the internal cavity of the electromagnetic induction unit, and its two ends are connected to the outside through the rotating connection unit; the electromagnetic induction unit includes a conductive layer that is gap-fitted with the magnetic rod body unit and a cooling medium layer surrounding the conductive layer; the hydraulic damping unit is composed of a viscous fluid filling the cavity between the magnetic rod body unit and the electromagnetic induction unit; the magnetic rod body unit includes an energy dissipation structure that can undergo plastic deformation.

2. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic rod unit includes a permanent magnet, a rubber layer, and a steel column; the permanent magnet has a disc-shaped structure, and its upper and lower surfaces are respectively connected to the steel column and the hollow plate through the rubber layer; the rubber layer is made of high-damping rubber material.

3. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The steel column is connected to the permanent magnet with two annular protrusions, which are embedded in the rubber layer through an interference fit to form a mechanical locking structure.

4. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The perforated plate is a soft steel plate with a cylindrical perforated array inside, and a connecting steel column is fixed on its outer side.

5. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction unit includes a steel layer, a coolant layer, and a copper layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; the copper layer is a barrel-shaped structure made of copper, and its inner diameter is fitted with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet.

6. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The coolant layer is filled with ethylene glycol-based coolant, and the surface of the steel layer is hot-dip galvanized to form a closed cavity.

7. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating connection unit includes a ball head and a square box; the ball head is welded to the end of the steel column, and the square box has a narrowed opening and is fixed to the bridge surface through a limiting seat, forming a ball hinge structure that allows rotation.

8. The composite damper based on electromagnetic-hydraulic-metal buckling coupling as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The square box is made of high-strength cast steel, and its sides are detachably connected to the limiting seat by high-strength bolts.

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