Underwater rock plug blasting charging device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an underwater rock plug blasting charging device. The method is suitable for the technical field of underwater rock plug blasting engineering. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide the underwater rock plug blasting charging device. According to the technical scheme, the underwater rock plug blasting charging device comprises a waterproof pipe body, explosives, leg wires, fixing pieces, plugs and electronic detonators, a cavity is formed in the waterproof pipe body, an opening communicated with the cavity is formed in the single end of the waterproof pipe body, the explosives and the electronic detonators are installed in the cavity through the fixing pieces, and the explosives and the electronic detonators are arranged in the waterproof pipe body. A cavity is formed in the waterproof pipe body, a plug capable of plugging the cavity is arranged at the opening of the waterproof pipe body, one end of the leg wire is connected with the electronic detonator, and the other end of the leg wire penetrates through the plug and is at least partially positioned outside the waterproof pipe body; and when the waterproof pipe body is sealed by the plug, the interior of the cavity can be inflated to be adjusted to preset air pressure.

Description

Underwater rock plug blasting charging device Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underwater rock plug blasting engineering technology, and in particular to an underwater rock plug blasting charging device. Background Technology

[0002] Underwater rock plug blasting has a wide range of engineering applications, including the construction of new power generation, flood discharge, water diversion, silt removal and reduction, fishways, and emergency engineering tunnels in existing reservoirs or natural lakes. Its core objective is to successfully create a rock plug opening that meets design requirements through a single blast, ensuring structural stability, good shaping, and compliance with hydraulic operating conditions. However, underwater rock plug blasting faces the following challenges:

[0003] Currently, some underwater blasting technologies rely on a device consisting of a semi-sealed waterproof pipe, explosives, lead wire, fixing components, plugs, and electronic detonators to achieve blasting operations in deep water environments. In practical applications, the waterproof pipe performs well in certain water depths (5–100m). However, this technology has certain limitations when facing deeper waters (100m–150m) and more complex geological conditions.

[0004] In deep-water blasting operations, especially when the blasting device is under high water pressure at a depth exceeding 100 meters, the external water pressure exerts enormous pressure on the waterproof pipe. Traditional rigid waterproof pipes are prone to deformation, joint cracking, or plug detachment due to high pressure. This continuous pressure not only tests the durability of the sealing material but may also cause minute displacements between the sealing interfaces, thereby disrupting the originally tight seal. Minor leaks allow trace amounts of moisture to gradually seep into the pipe, causing the internal explosives to become damp, the electronic detonator to short-circuit, and ultimately leading to blasting failure.

[0005] Therefore, an underwater rock plug blasting charging device is needed to solve the problem of easy failure of pipe seals under high water pressure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an underwater rock plug blasting charging device to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an underwater rock plug blasting charging device, including a waterproof tube body, explosives, lead wire, fixing components, a plug, and an electronic detonator. The waterproof tube body has an internal cavity, and one end of the waterproof tube body has an opening communicating with the cavity. The explosives and the electronic detonator are both installed in the cavity through the fixing components. The opening of the waterproof tube body is provided with a plug that can seal the cavity. One end of the lead wire is connected to the electronic detonator, and the other end passes through the plug and is at least partially located outside the waterproof tube body. The device also includes:

[0008] The pressure regulating component has its regulating end extending through the plug into the cavity of the waterproof pipe body. It can inflate the cavity to the preset air pressure when the plug seals the waterproof pipe body.

[0009] By using the above-mentioned technical means, after the waterproof pipe body is sealed, the internal cavity of the waterproof pipe body is inflated and adjusted to the preset air pressure using the added pressure regulating component. This can effectively resist external water pressure. By forming a relatively high internal air pressure in the sealed pipe body to balance the external water pressure, the sealing standard of the plug is reduced to a certain extent, and the risk of deformation of the waterproof pipe body, cracking of joints or detachment of the plug caused by excessive external water pressure is reduced.

[0010] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes an inflation hose, a check valve, and an inflation device. The first end of the inflation hose extends through the plug into the cavity, and the other end of the inflation hose is connected to the inflation device. The inflation device can inflate and regulate the pressure inside the cavity through the inflation hose. A check valve is installed on the section of the inflation hose located outside the waterproof pipe body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inflation device is a pneumatic compressor with a built-in pressure sensor. The pressure sensor can acquire the pressure value inside the cavity in real time during inflation and display it on the display terminal of the pneumatic compressor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the waterproof pipe body is made of non-metallic flexible plastic material, including PVC pipe, PE pipe, PP pipe, UPVC pipe, PU pipe, nylon pipe, pressure-bearing rubber hose, and fiber-reinforced hose.

[0013] In some embodiments, the preset air pressure is 0.6 to 0.95 times the burst water head pressure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fastener is a bamboo strip or a plastic rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the plug and the foot line are provided with blast hole number markings, which correspond one-to-one with the blast hole of the explosive charge in the underwater rock plug blasting design.

[0016] In some embodiments, the borehole number mark located at the plug portion is painted, and the borehole number mark located at the foot line portion is in the form of a snap-on label. Another technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a method of using an underwater rock plug blasting charging device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Preparatory work: Conduct a detailed survey of the blasting area to determine the specific location, size, and surrounding geological conditions of the rock plug, and design a blasting plan based on the survey results.

[0018] S2. Assembly of the charging device: Assemble the waterproof tube, explosive, lead wire, fastener, plug and electronic detonator. After assembly, ensure that the inside of the waterproof tube is well sealed. Use the pressure regulating component to inflate the inside of the waterproof tube until the internal air pressure reaches the preset air pressure value.

[0019] S3. On-site deployment: Divers or specialized machinery are used to accurately place the assembled explosive charge device at the predetermined rock plug location.

[0020] S4. Detonation Operation: A professional remotely triggers the detonating cord to detonate the electronic detonator, thereby detonating the explosive to complete the blasting operation.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. By first installing explosives and other components inside the waterproof pipe, then sealing the pipe with a plug, and then using a pressure regulating component to pressurize the internal cavity of the waterproof pipe according to the actual depth of the water area to be blasted, a relatively high internal air pressure is created within the sealed pipe to balance the external water pressure. This improves the overall sealing performance and compressive strength of the waterproof pipe, reduces the risk of seal failure due to excessive external water pressure, and allows the device to adapt to deeper water areas, thus expanding its applicability. Adjusting the internal air pressure also reduces the pressure difference at potential minor leak points during sealing, thereby reducing the possibility of trace moisture gradually seeping into the pipe and ensuring that the internal explosives and electronic detonators remain dry, reducing the risk of performance degradation due to moisture.

[0023] 2. The waterproof pipe in this device is made of flexible material, which enhances the pressure resistance of the pipe. Compared with traditional rigid pipes, flexible material has better ductility and deformation resistance, and is not easy to break or cause structural damage under deep water and high pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Waterproof pipe body; 2. Explosive; 3. Lead wire; 4. Fixing component; 5. Plug; 6. Electronic detonator; 7. Gas filling hose; 8. Check valve; 9. Borehole number marking.

[0027] This specification includes references to "one embodiment" or "implementation". The use of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner consistent with this disclosure.

[0028] The term "comprising" is open-ended. As used in the appended claims, it does not exclude additional structures or steps. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment is an underwater rock plug blasting charging device, including a waterproof tube 1, explosive 2, lead wire 3, fixing member 4, plug 5, electronic detonator 6, and pressure regulating component. The waterproof tube 1 has an internal cavity, and one end of the waterproof tube 1 has an opening communicating with the cavity. A plug 5 is provided at the opening to seal the cavity. A strip-shaped fixing member 4 is arranged axially inside the cavity of the waterproof tube 1. Explosive 2 is installed on the fixing member 4. An electronic detonator 6 is installed at the end of the fixing member 4 away from the opening. The electronic detonator 6 is connected to the lead wire 3. The end of the lead wire 3 away from the electronic detonator 6 passes through the plug 5 and extends to the outside of the waterproof tube 1. The pressure regulating end of the pressure regulating component passes through the plug 5 and extends into the cavity. The pressure regulating component can inflate the cavity to adjust it to a preset pressure when the plug 5 seals the waterproof tube 1.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, one end of the waterproof pipe 1 is processed into a closed shape to block the seepage channel. This closed end is sealed by factory molding or a custom-made sealing cap, while the other end has an opening. The waterproof pipe 1 is an airtight structure with sufficient strength and pressure resistance. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped fixing member 4 is made of bamboo strips or plastic rods, etc., and the electronic detonator 6 and explosive 2 are bound to the strip-shaped fixing member 4. Bamboo strips or plastic rods are widely available, simple to process, and inexpensive materials for the fixing member 4.

[0033] Furthermore, since this application involves prolonged deep-water immersion, the possibility of prolonged immersion in water should be considered for other blasting materials such as the lead wire 3 in this embodiment. Based on the characteristics of underwater blasting, relevant performance tests are conducted, relevant indicator requirements are proposed, and strict material selection is implemented to ensure the water resistance of the blasting materials guarantees the success of the blasting operation.

[0034] Furthermore, this application employs networked initiation. Conventional on-site loading of explosives into blast holes presents challenges such as long operation times, a dark and damp environment, difficulties in inspecting the finished product, access difficulties, and safety hazards, all of which negatively impact acceptance and lead to poor reliability of the completed explosive loading structure. Therefore, this application utilizes a floor-level operation in front of the work area. After integral molding and testing, the device is inserted into the blasting hole, facilitating the inspection of the quality and effectiveness of the explosive loading structure. Key and important inspections can be transferred to the easily accessible floor-level operation area. Once the device is inserted into the blasting hole, the integrity and reliability of the blasting device within the hole can be checked using easily accessible air pressure.

[0035] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly includes an inflation hose 7, a check valve 8, and an inflation device. The first end of the inflation hose 7 extends at least partially through the plug 5 into the cavity, and the other end of the inflation hose 7 is located outside the waterproof pipe body 1 and is connected to an inflation device (not shown in the figure). The inflation device is capable of inflating and regulating the pressure inside the cavity through the inflation hose 7. The check valve 8 is installed on the section of the inflation hose 7 located outside the waterproof pipe body 1.

[0036] By setting a check valve 8, it is ensured that the gas will not flow back after inflation, maintaining a stable pressure state inside the waterproof pipe 1, and effectively preventing seal failure due to pressure imbalance even in high water pressure environments.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inflation device is a pneumatic compressor with a built-in pressure sensor. This pressure sensor can acquire the pressure value inside the cavity in real time during inflation. The pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the display terminal of the pneumatic compressor, which displays the pressure value acquired by the sensor, thereby improving the operator's control accuracy of the pneumatic compressor.

[0038] The external air compressor is connected to the internal cavity of the waterproof pipe body 1 via the inflation hose 7, allowing operators to precisely control the internal air pressure according to actual needs. After inflation, the inflation effect is initially judged based on the shape (hardness) of the waterproof pipe body 1 and the inflation hose 7, or pressure is measured during secondary air replenishment with the air compressor to monitor the leakage rate. Simultaneously, airtightness treatment and testing are performed between the lead wire 3 and the plug 5, and between the inflation hose 7 and the plug 5. Subsequent inflation and pressure measurements can be used to analyze the airtightness after sealing. Explosive charging devices that do not meet the requirements must not be installed in underwater rock plug boreholes.

[0039] Based on the characteristics of underwater rock plug blasting, this embodiment involves assembling the device on land, inflating the waterproof pipe to a preset pressure, and then deploying the device at the designated blasting depth. After all devices are deployed, pressure testing is used to check for air leakage (leakage rate). The leakage rate is then used to analyze whether the air pressure inside the device still meets the requirements before blasting. If the air pressure requirement is not met, the underwater rock plug blasting charge device needs to be replaced to ensure high reliability of the underwater rock plug blasting.

[0040] In some implementation schemes, both the plug 5 and the base line 3 are equipped with prominent borehole number markings 9, which correspond one-to-one with the blasting charge boreholes in the underwater rock plug blasting design. Specifically, in this embodiment, the borehole number markings 9 on the plug 5 are painted, while those on the base line 3 are in the form of snap-on labels, ensuring clear identification even during underwater operations in low visibility conditions.

[0041] By marking the borehole numbers on the plug 5 and the lead wire 3, it can be ensured that each charge structure is placed accurately in its designed position. Especially in complex or multi-bore blasting operations, this marking helps operators quickly identify and confirm the specific location of each borehole.

[0042] In some implementations, the waterproof pipe body 1 is made of non-metallic flexible plastic materials, including PVC pipe, PE pipe, PP pipe, UPVC pipe, PU pipe, nylon pipe, pressure-bearing rubber hose, fiber-reinforced hose, etc.

[0043] Compared to traditional rigid tubing, flexible materials offer superior ductility and resistance to deformation, making them less prone to rupture or structural damage under deep-water, high-pressure conditions. When inflated, flexible tubing better conforms to the borehole wall, forming a tighter physical barrier layer, further enhancing the overall system's sealing. Compared to metal or rigid plastics, flexible tubing is lighter, easier to transport, store, and install, making it particularly suitable for deployment in complex underwater terrain.

[0044] Furthermore, this device is applicable to underwater rock plug blasting in water depths ranging from 5 to 150 m. The preset air pressure is calculated based on the blast head water pressure, which is generally 0.6 to 0.95 times the blast head water pressure. The blast head water pressure refers to the external water pressure at the water depth where the underwater rock plug blasting charging device is located during underwater rock plug blasting. Specifically, the value of the preset air pressure is determined in combination with the following factors: (1) The maximum air pressure is controlled within the blast head water pressure, so as not to significantly change the detonation pressure environment of the explosive in the device; (2) The maximum air pressure is controlled within the blast head water pressure, which can reduce the amount of air filling and the sealing requirements of the structure, and control the investment; (3) The minimum air pressure is controlled at 0.6 times the blast head water pressure, taking into account the utilization rate of the strength of the sealing structure, and ensuring that the stress generated by the tensile and compressive loads on the structure (including the sealing structure) is within the allowable tensile and compressive stress range of the structure, thereby reducing the difficulty of material selection for the structure (including the sealing structure).

[0045] By setting a reasonable preset air pressure, the internal air pressure can offset part of the external water pressure, which can significantly reduce the net pressure on the waterproof pipe body 1 and reduce the risk of deformation and rupture. Within this range, the air pressure can meet the requirements of resisting external water pressure without causing excessive internal pressure to damage the waterproof pipe body 1 itself, making it particularly suitable for various working conditions in water depths ranging from 5 to 150 meters.

[0046] The implementation principle of the underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to this utility model embodiment is as follows:

[0047] In this application, the waterproof pipe body 1 is first sealed with a plug 5. Then, an air compressor is used to inflate and pressurize the interior of the waterproof pipe body 1 through an inflation hose 7. The internal air pressure is adjusted to a preset pressure, creating a relatively high internal air pressure within the sealed waterproof pipe body 1 to balance the external water pressure and reduce the risk of deformation or cracking of the waterproof pipe body 1 due to excessive external water pressure. Simultaneously, the check valve 8 on the inflation hose 7 allows for one-way gas flow within the hose, preventing gas from flowing back from the inside of the waterproof pipe body 1 to the outside.

[0048] The internal air pressure compensation mechanism, provided by the air compressor, air hose 7, and check valve 8, significantly improves the overall sealing performance and compressive strength of the waterproof pipe body 1, reducing the risk of seal failure caused by excessive external water pressure. Adjusting the internal air pressure according to the actual water depth not only enhances the applicability of the device but also maintains an ideal seal even under extreme conditions exceeding 100 meters in depth, meeting the needs of more types of water conservancy projects, especially those requiring blasting operations in extreme environments. Furthermore, it improves its reliability under complex geological conditions.

[0049] By using flexible materials to make the waterproof pipe body 1, it can deform appropriately within a certain range according to changes in internal air pressure, which helps to absorb impact force and reduce structural damage caused by high pressure.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] This embodiment describes a method for using an underwater rock plug blasting charging device, applied to the underwater rock plug blasting charging device in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Preparations

[0053] A detailed survey of the blasting area was conducted to determine the specific location, size, and surrounding geological conditions of the rock plug.

[0054] Based on the exploration results, a blasting plan is designed, including selecting a suitable waterproof pipe material (such as PU pipe, nylon pipe, etc.), calculating the required amount of explosives, and setting the preset air pressure value (0.6 to 0.95 times the water head and pressure).

[0055] S2. Assembly of the charging device

[0056] S2.1 Installation of explosives and electronic detonators

[0057] The explosive 2 and the electronic detonator 6 are fixed inside the cavity of the waterproof tube 1 using bamboo strips or plastic rods, ensuring that the explosive 2 is evenly distributed and firmly connected to the electronic detonator 6.

[0058] S2.2, Install baseboards

[0059] One end of the lead wire 3 is connected to the electronic detonator 6, and the other end must pass through the plug 5 and be at least partially outside the waterproof tube 1 for subsequent detonation operations.

[0060] S2.3 Sealing treatment

[0061] Install the plug 5 at the opening of the waterproof pipe 1 to ensure a good seal. Note that a hole should be left on the plug 5 for the inflation hose 7 and the lead wire 3 to pass through.

[0062] S2.4 Install the voltage regulating component

[0063] The first end of the inflation hose 7 extends through the plug 5 into the internal cavity of the waterproof tube 1, and the other end is connected to the air compressor. A check valve 8 is installed on the portion of the inflation hose 7 located outside the waterproof tube 1 to prevent backflow of gas.

[0064] S2.5, inflation pressure regulation

[0065] Start the air compressor and fill the waterproof tube 1 with compressed air through the air hose 7 until the preset air pressure value is reached (adjusted according to the actual water depth). During this process, the built-in pressure sensor monitors the air pressure changes in real time to ensure that the inflation process is smooth and accurate.

[0066] S3, On-site deployment

[0067] Using divers or specialized equipment, accurately place the assembled explosive charge device at the designated rock plug location. Ensure the waterproof pipe 1 is in tight contact with the rock wall to prevent displacement due to water flow impact.

[0068] S4, Detonation Operation

[0069] A professional remotely triggers the lead wire 3 to detonate the electronic detonator 6, thereby detonating the explosive 2 to complete the blasting operation.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An underwater rock plug blasting charging device, comprising a waterproof tube body (1), explosive (2), lead wire (3), fixing component (4), plug (5), and electronic detonator (6), wherein the waterproof tube body (1) has an internal cavity, and one end of the waterproof tube body (1) has an opening communicating with the cavity; the explosive (2) and the electronic detonator (6) are both installed in the cavity via the fixing component (4); the opening of the waterproof tube body (1) is provided with a plug (5) capable of sealing the cavity; one end of the lead wire (3) is connected to the electronic detonator (6), and the other end passes through the plug (5) and is at least partially located outside the waterproof tube body (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The pressure regulating component has its pressure regulating end extending through the plug (5) into the cavity of the waterproof pipe body (1), and can pressurize the cavity to adjust to the preset air pressure when the plug (5) seals the waterproof pipe body (1).

2. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating assembly includes an inflation hose (7), a check valve (8), and an inflation device. The first end of the inflation hose (7) extends through the plug (5) into the cavity. The other end of the inflation hose (7) is connected to the inflation device. The inflation device can inflate and regulate the pressure inside the cavity through the inflation hose (7). The check valve (8) is installed on the section of the inflation hose (7) located outside the waterproof pipe body (1).

3. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflation device uses a pneumatic compressor, which has a built-in pressure sensor. The pressure sensor can acquire the pressure value inside the cavity in real time during the inflation process and display it on the display terminal of the pneumatic compressor.

4. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof pipe body (1) is made of non-metallic flexible plastic materials, including PVC pipe, PE pipe, PP pipe, UPVC pipe, PU pipe, nylon pipe, pressure-bearing rubber hose, and fiber-reinforced hose.

5. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset air pressure is 0.6 to 0.95 times the burst water head pressure.

6. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener (4) is made of bamboo or plastic rod.

7. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug (5) and the foot line (3) are provided with blast hole number marks (9), which correspond one-to-one with the blast hole of the explosive charge in the underwater rock plug blasting design.

8. The underwater rock plug blasting charging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The borehole number mark (9) located at the plug (5) is painted with paint, while the borehole number mark (9) located at the footplate (3) is a snap-on label.

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