Battery frame ventilation structure of side battery replacement mine truck

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy mining dump trucks, particularly relates to a battery frame ventilation structure of a side battery replacement mining truck, and aims to solve the problems that an existing battery frame of the side battery replacement mining truck is low in heat dissipation efficiency, and electrical parts are easy to pollute and damage. According to the technical scheme, the battery comprises a battery frame, an air inlet end outer skin, an air outlet side skin and an air inlet side outer skin are installed on the outer side of the battery frame, an inner skin assembly is arranged on the inner side of the battery frame in an attached mode, and an air inlet assembly and a cold purification assembly are integrated on the air inlet end outer skin and the air inlet side outer skin. According to the utility model, multi-stage filtering and drying of air, accurate organization and guide of airflow, effective maintenance of structural strength and elimination of battery replacement interference are realized, and the device is particularly suitable for side battery replacement mine trucks under severe working conditions of mines.

Description

A ventilation structure for the battery frame of a side-switch mining truck Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a ventilation structure, specifically a side-switch battery frame ventilation structure for mining trucks, belonging to the technical field of new energy mining dump trucks. Background Technology

[0002] With the expanding application of new energy technologies in mining dump trucks, the efficiency of battery swapping and the safety of battery packs directly impact mining operation efficiency. Rear-mounted battery frames occupy space behind the cab, reducing cargo volume and load capacity. Side-swappable battery systems have gained attention due to their small footprint, high efficiency, and convenient energy replenishment. Side-swappable mining trucks, requiring high battery capacity, typically have large-capacity battery packs arranged on both sides of the vehicle, necessitating battery frames to support the batteries and facilitate swapping.

[0003] Several improved solutions for side-swappable battery frames have emerged in the prior art. For example, a side-swappable battery frame for a new energy mining truck disclosed in CN119283603A includes a frame body, a skin covering the outside of the frame body, and ventilation components on the skin. The skin provides protection, and the ventilation components on it provide heat dissipation. Although this solution achieves basic ventilation and heat dissipation functions, its ventilation components are simply open structures, lacking effective organization and purification of airflow. In the high-dust environment of mines, this can easily lead to dust entering the battery pack and contaminating electrical components. At the same time, its guide columns and other battery swapping auxiliary structures are located on the outside of the skin, forming protrusions that may cause contact with the trailer during battery swapping. Another example of the risk of mechanical interference is the modular battery pack swapping cabinet for portable electric vehicles disclosed in announcement number CN212243026U. This cabinet includes a cabinet body, an air inlet, and a grille-type air outlet. A fan and ventilation channel are provided between the air inlet and the air outlet. A first filter and a second filter are provided at the air inlet and the air outlet, respectively. Although this solution introduces a filter for dust prevention, the filter is only a simple primary filter and is located at a single position at the air inlet and the air outlet. It cannot perform multi-stage purification and humidity control on the incoming air. At the same time, the grille-type air outlet is a common hole structure. When the mining vehicle is traveling at high speed, the side airflow can easily form backflow, interfering with the normal discharge of hot air. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This utility model provides a ventilation structure for the battery frame of a side-switch mining vehicle to solve the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency and easy contamination and damage of electrical components in existing side-switch mining vehicles.

[0005] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a side-swappable battery frame ventilation structure for mining vehicles, comprising a battery frame, wherein an air inlet end outer skin, an air outlet side skin, and an air inlet side outer skin are respectively fitted and installed on the outer side of the battery frame, and an inner skin assembly is fitted to the inner side of the battery frame, the inner skin assembly comprising a side inner skin and an end inner skin, the side inner skin being fitted to the inner side of the air inlet side outer skin, and the end inner skin being fitted to the inner side of the air inlet end outer skin in a one-to-one correspondence, and the air outlet side skin having honeycomb air outlet holes distributed in an array.

[0006] An air intake assembly is integrated on the outer skin of the air intake end and the outer skin of the air intake side. The air intake assembly includes several air intake slots. A downwardly inclined outer baffle is provided on the outer edge of the air intake slot, and an upwardly inclined inner baffle is provided on the inner edge of the air intake slot.

[0007] A cold purification component is installed in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame between the air intake component and the inner skin component. The cold purification component has a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity. A dustproof net is tightly embedded in the dustproof cavity and corresponds to the air intake slot. The water absorption cavity is tightly filled with a water-absorbing cotton pad and the water-absorbing cotton pad is located on the side away from the air intake slot.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: the outer skin of the air inlet end, the outer skin of the air outlet side, and the outer skin of the air inlet side are all provided with a number of recessed screw holes, and countersunk bolts are connected to the recessed screw holes respectively. The outer skin of the air inlet end, the outer skin of the air outlet side, and the outer skin of the air inlet side are all connected to the battery frame by countersunk bolts.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the battery frame includes a top plate, a support frame, a bottom plate and a partition. The top plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the support frame, respectively. The battery frame is divided by the partition to form an air outlet cavity and a battery placement cavity. A cooling fan is fixedly installed in the air outlet cavity. The air inlet side of the cooling fan faces the battery placement cavity, and the air outlet side of the cooling fan is directly opposite the honeycomb air outlet hole of the air outlet side skin.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model: the air inlet slot is opened through the middle area of ​​the outer skin at the air inlet end and the outer skin on the side of the air inlet, the angle between the downward-sloping outer baffle and the horizontal plane is between 30 degrees and 45 degrees, the air inlet assembly also includes a bent guide plate, the bent guide plate is set in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame between the air inlet assembly and the inner skin assembly, and the upper end and both sides of the bent guide plate are fixedly connected to the frame body of the support frame, and the bottom end of the bent guide plate is connected to the dustproof cavity.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the cold purification component includes an outer baffle, a C-shaped plate and a partition baffle. The outer baffle is tightly fitted to the outer skin of the air inlet end and the outer skin of the air inlet side, respectively. The C-shaped plate is fixed to the side surface of the outer baffle facing the battery frame. The partition baffle is vertically fixed in the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate, and the partition baffle divides the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate into a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the outer skin of the air inlet end and the outer skin of the air inlet side are provided with a purification slot hole directly below the area where the air inlet slot is opened. A concave stepped slot is provided at the edge of the purification slot hole. A C-shaped plate passes through the purification slot hole and is placed in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame between the air inlet assembly and the inner skin assembly. The outer baffle is placed in the concave stepped slot.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model: the outer baffle has several recessed screw holes, and countersunk bolts are connected to the recessed screw holes. The outer baffle is fixedly connected to the recessed stepped groove by the countersunk bolts, and the head of the countersunk bolts is completely embedded in the recessed screw holes.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model: the inner skin on the side has several straight air inlets, and the inner skin at the end has several oblique air inlets. The oblique air inlets are inclined in the same direction as the exhaust direction of the cooling fan. Both the straight air inlets and the oblique air inlets have multiple apertures, and the straight air inlets and the oblique air inlets are distributed from the center to the outside in a manner from large to small aperture.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model: the honeycomb air outlet is a regular hexagonal hole structure, and the distance between opposite sides of a single regular hexagonal hole is 8 mm to 12 mm; the overall effective flow area of ​​the honeycomb air outlet is 1.1 to 1.5 times the effective flow area of ​​the air inlet assembly.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This utility model uses an outer protective layer consisting of an air inlet end skin, an air outlet side skin, and an air inlet side outer skin. At the same time, an inner skin assembly consisting of a side inner skin and an end inner skin is attached to the inside of the battery frame, forming a double-layer skin structure. The outer skin can achieve initial isolation from harsh environments, while the inner skin further controls the airflow path, ensuring that the incoming air must pass through the transition area between the inner and outer skins. This achieves multi-level buffering and guidance of airflow, preventing external airflow from directly impacting the core area of ​​the battery. In addition, this double-layer structure creates a composite plate-like reinforcement effect in terms of mechanical strength, significantly improving the overall torsional stiffness of the battery frame. Furthermore, the layered arrangement of the inner and outer skins provides independent space for the installation of the cold purification component, ensuring that the purification function and ventilation function do not interfere with each other. The array-distributed honeycomb air outlets ensure that hot air is evenly dispersed when discharged, avoiding localized airflow concentration.

[0018] 2. The air intake assembly of this utility model includes several air intake slots. The outer edge of the air intake slot is provided with a downwardly inclined outer baffle, and the inner edge of the air intake slot is provided with an upwardly inclined inner baffle. The downwardly inclined outer baffle can effectively prevent rainwater and high-pressure washing water from splashing directly into the air intake slot from the outside. At the same time, the downward angle guides the airflow upward. The principle of gravity makes large dust particles fall naturally at the baffle, achieving preliminary physical dust prevention. The upwardly inclined inner baffle further changes the airflow direction, causing the incoming air to rotate and turbulent, promoting the separation of dust and water vapor in the air under the action of centrifugal force. The combination of the upwardly inclined baffles forms a labyrinthine air intake channel. Even if a small amount of dust passes through the outer baffle, it will be intercepted again by the inner baffle, improving the intake quality and maintaining low airflow resistance to ensure that the cooling unit can obtain sufficient air intake.

[0019] 3. The cold purification component of this utility model is equipped with a dustproof chamber and a water absorption chamber. The dustproof chamber is tightly embedded with a dustproof net, which corresponds to the air inlet. The water absorption chamber is tightly filled with a water-absorbing cotton pad, which is located on the side away from the air inlet. The partitioned design of the dustproof chamber and the water absorption chamber physically separates the dust removal function and the dehumidification function, preventing dust from accumulating and clogging the filter medium after absorbing water. It also ensures that all incoming air passes through the dustproof net first, intercepting fine dust particles and effectively protecting the downstream cooling fan and battery electrical components from dust wear and contamination. The water-absorbing cotton pad tightly filled in the water absorption chamber dries the air after it passes through the dustproof filter. In the high humidity environment of the mining area or when the temperature difference is drastic, it effectively reduces the relative humidity of the air entering the battery pack and prevents condensation from forming on the surface of the cooling unit or electrical connectors. At the same time, both the dustproof net and the water-absorbing cotton pad are replaceable consumables, which can be quickly removed for cleaning or replacement during maintenance without disassembling the entire ventilation system, greatly reducing maintenance costs and downtime in the harsh environment of the mining area. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 is a left-side three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall assembly of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a right-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall assembly of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery frame structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the outer skin of the air inlet end and the air inlet assembly of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure at point A in Figure 4 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the outer skin and inner skin of the air inlet side of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the outer skin and inner skin of the air inlet side of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cold purification component of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the inner skin assembly structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the end inner skin of this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Outer skin of the air inlet end; 2. Side skin of the air outlet; 21. Honeycomb air outlet; 3. Outer skin of the air inlet side; 4. Battery frame; 41. Top plate; 42. Support frame; 43. Bottom plate; 44. Partition plate; 45. Cooling fan; 5. Air inlet assembly; 51. Air inlet slot; 52. Downward-sloping outer baffle; 53. Upward-sloping inner baffle; 54. Bending guide plate; 6. Cold purification assembly; 61. Outer baffle; 62. C-shaped plate; 63. Zone baffle; 64. Dustproof net; 65. Absorbent cotton pad; 7. Purification slot; 71. Concave stepped slot; 8. Concave screw hole; 81. Countersunk bolt; 9. Inner skin assembly; 91. Side inner skin; 92. End inner skin; 93. Straight air inlet hole; 94. Slanted air inlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] As shown in Figures 1 to 10, a side-switch battery frame ventilation structure for a mining vehicle includes a battery frame 4. An air inlet end outer skin 1, an air outlet side skin 2, and an air inlet side outer skin 3 are respectively fitted onto the outer side of the battery frame 4. An inner skin assembly 9 is fitted onto the inner side of the battery frame 4. The inner skin assembly 9 includes a side inner skin 91 and an end inner skin 92. The side inner skin 91 is fitted onto the inner side of the air inlet side outer skin 3, and the end inner skin 92 is fitted onto the inner side of the air inlet end outer skin 1. The air outlet side skin 2 has an array of honeycomb air outlet holes 21. The air inlet end outer skin 1, the air outlet side skin 2, and the air inlet side outer skin 3 form an outer protective layer. Simultaneously, a ventilation structure consisting of side inner skins is fitted onto the inner side of the battery frame 4. The inner skin assembly 9, consisting of the outer skin 91 and the end inner skin 92, forms a double-layer skin structure. The outer skin can achieve initial isolation from harsh environments, while the inner skin further controls the airflow path, ensuring that incoming air must pass through the transition area between the inner and outer skins. This achieves multi-level buffering and guidance of airflow, preventing external airflow from directly impacting the core area of ​​the battery. At the same time, this double-layer structure creates a composite plate-like reinforcement effect in terms of mechanical strength, significantly improving the overall torsional stiffness of the battery frame 4. Furthermore, the layered arrangement of the inner and outer skins provides an independent space for the installation of the cold purification assembly 6, ensuring that the purification function and ventilation function do not interfere with each other. The array-distributed honeycomb air outlets 21 allow hot air to be evenly dispersed when it is discharged, avoiding localized airflow concentration.

[0034] An air inlet assembly 5 is integrated on the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end and the outer skin 3 on the air inlet side. The air inlet assembly 5 includes several air inlet slots 51. A downwardly inclined outer baffle 52 is provided on the outer edge of the air inlet slot 51, and an upwardly inclined inner baffle 53 is provided on the inner edge of the air inlet slot 51. The downwardly inclined outer baffle 52 on the outer edge of the air inlet slot 51 can effectively prevent rainwater and high-pressure washing water from splashing directly into the air inlet slot 51 from the outside. At the same time, the downward angle guides the airflow upward, using the principle of gravity to allow large particles to enter. Dust falls naturally at the baffle, achieving initial physical dust prevention. The upward-sloping inner baffle 53, which is set on the inner edge of the air inlet 51, further changes the airflow direction, causing the incoming air to rotate and turbulent, promoting the separation of dust and water vapor in the air under the action of centrifugal force. The combination of the upper and lower inclined baffles forms a labyrinthine air intake channel. Even if a small amount of dust passes through the outer baffle, it will be intercepted again by the inner baffle, improving the intake quality while maintaining low airflow resistance, ensuring that the cooling unit can obtain sufficient air intake.

[0035] A cold purification component 6 is installed inside the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame 4 between the air intake component 5 and the inner skin component 9. The cold purification component 6 has a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity. A dustproof net 64 is tightly embedded in the dustproof cavity, and the dustproof net 64 corresponds to the air intake slot 51. The water absorption cavity is tightly filled with a water-absorbing cotton pad 65, and the water-absorbing cotton pad 65 is located on the side away from the air intake slot 51. The partitioned design of the dustproof cavity and the water absorption cavity physically separates the dust removal function and the dehumidification function, preventing dust from agglomerating and clogging the filter medium after absorbing water, and ensuring that all incoming air is first filtered by the dustproof net 64 to intercept fine dust. Dust particles are effectively protected from dust wear and contamination of the rear cooling fan 45 and battery electrical components. The tightly filled absorbent cotton pad 65 in the water suction chamber dries the air after it has passed through the dust filter. In the high humidity environment of the mining area or when there are drastic temperature changes, the relative humidity of the air entering the battery pack is effectively reduced, preventing condensation from forming on the surface of the cooling unit or at electrical connectors. At the same time, both the dust filter 64 and the absorbent cotton pad 65 are replaceable consumables, which can be quickly removed for cleaning or replacement during maintenance without disassembling the entire ventilation system, greatly reducing maintenance costs and downtime in the harsh environment of the mining area.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Improvements based on Example 1:

[0038] As shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end, the outer skin 2 at the air outlet side, and the outer skin 3 at the air inlet side are all provided with several recessed screw holes 8. The recessed screw holes 8 are connected to countersunk bolts 81. The outer skin 1 at the air inlet end, the outer skin 2 at the air outlet side, and the outer skin 3 at the air inlet side are all connected to the battery frame 4 by countersunk bolts 81. The countersunk bolts 81 ensure the absolute flatness of the outer skin surface and ensure the safety of the battery swapping operation. In addition, the position of the recessed screw holes 8 can be optimized according to the stress analysis of the skin to make the bolt connection points evenly distributed and avoid skin deformation or cracking caused by stress concentration.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the battery frame 4 includes a top plate 41, a support frame 42, a bottom plate 43, and a partition 44. The top plate 41 and the bottom plate 43 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the support frame 42, respectively. The interior of the battery frame 4 is divided by the partition 44 to form an air outlet cavity and a battery placement cavity. A cooling fan 45 is fixedly installed in the air outlet cavity, with the air inlet side of the cooling fan 45 facing the battery placement cavity. The air outlet side of the cooling fan 45 is directly opposite the honeycomb air outlet hole 21 of the air outlet side skin 2. The partition 44 divides the interior of the battery frame 4 into an air outlet cavity and a battery placement cavity. The battery placement cavity is used to install battery modules, and the air outlet cavity is used to install the cooling fan 45 and guide the flow of hot air. The cooling fan 45 is positioned facing the battery placement cavity to ensure that the fan can effectively draw in the hot air from the battery placement cavity. The air outlet side of the cooling fan 45 is positioned directly opposite the honeycomb air outlet 21 of the air outlet side skin 2. This direct alignment minimizes the hot air exhaust path and reduces friction loss, forming a unidirectional forced convection air duct from the air inlet assembly 5 to the cold purification assembly 6, and then through the cooling fan 45 to the honeycomb air outlet 21. External cold air enters from the air inlet assembly 5, is filtered and dried by the cold purification assembly 6, and enters the battery placement cavity to absorb battery heat. The heated air is then forcibly drawn into the air outlet cavity by the cooling fan 45 and finally discharged from the honeycomb air outlet 21 outside the frame. The entire process forms a unidirectional flow, preventing hot air from flowing back to the air inlet side.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1, 6, and 7, the air inlet 51 is formed through the middle area of ​​the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end and the outer skin 3 on the air inlet side. The angle between the downward-sloping outer baffle 52 and the horizontal plane ranges from 30 degrees to 45 degrees. The air inlet assembly 5 also includes a bent guide plate 54, which is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame 4 between the air inlet assembly 5 and the inner skin assembly 9. The upper end and both sides of the bent guide plate 54 are fixedly connected to the frame body of the support frame 42, and the bottom end of the bent guide plate 54 is connected to the dustproof cavity. The angle design between the downward-sloping outer baffle 52 and the horizontal plane can ensure sufficient air inlet area and effectively block rainwater and high-pressure washing water from splashing directly. The bending guide plate 54 causes a certain pre-swirl in the external airflow upon entry, which is beneficial for subsequent dust separation. The bottom end of the bending guide plate 54 is connected to the dustproof chamber, so that the incoming air must be guided by the bending guide plate 54 before entering the dustproof chamber. The bending structure of the bending guide plate 54 forces the airflow direction to change multiple times. Using the principle of inertia, large dust particles in the air collide with the plate wall at the turning point and settle. The settled dust slides down the surface of the bending guide plate 54 to the bottom under the action of gravity, which can be cleaned regularly to avoid dust accumulation and blockage of the air inlet channel. At the same time, the bending guide plate 54 also plays a role in stabilizing the airflow pressure, making the airflow velocity and pressure of the air entering the dustproof chamber uniform and stable, thereby improving the filtration efficiency of the dustproof net 64.

[0041] As shown in Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8, the cold purification component 6 includes an outer baffle 61, a C-shaped plate 62, and a partition baffle 63. The outer baffle 61 is tightly fitted to the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end and the outer skin 3 on the air inlet side, respectively. The C-shaped plate 62 is fixed to the surface of the outer baffle 61 facing the battery frame 4. The partition baffle 63 is vertically fixed in the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate 62, and the partition baffle 63 divides the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate 62 into a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity, ensuring that all incoming air must pass through the cold purification component 6. In the process, the C-shaped structure of the C-shaped plate 62 forms a cavity to accommodate the filter material. The partition baffle 63 divides the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate 62 into a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity. The air first passes through dust removal and then dehumidification. Secondly, the vertical arrangement of the partition baffle 63 allows the two cavities to be arranged side by side in the direction of gravity. The dust that settles in the dustproof cavity can fall to the bottom of the cavity, while the water absorbed in the water absorption cavity can also flow downward. At the same time, the combination of the C-shaped plate 62 and the outer baffle 61 forms an independent modular unit, which improves the assembly efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end and the outer skin 3 on the air inlet side are provided with purification slots 7 directly below the area where the air inlet slot 51 is opened. A recessed stepped groove 71 is provided at the edge of the purification slot 7. A C-shaped plate 62 passes through the purification slot 7 and is placed inside the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame 4 between the air inlet assembly 5 and the inner skin assembly 9. The outer baffle 61 is secured within the recessed stepped groove 71. The purification slot 7 provides an installation positioning reference for the cold purification assembly 6. The through-type installation allows the cold purification assembly... The main body of 6 extends deep into the heat dissipation cavity. Air enters through the air inlet 51 and immediately enters the cold purification component 6. The outer baffle 61 is inserted into the concave stepped slot 71, making the outer surface of the outer baffle 61 flush with the skin surface, maintaining the overall flatness of the skin. The stepped structure of the concave stepped slot 71, combined with the tight fit of the outer baffle 61, can effectively prevent external dust and moisture from seeping in through the installation gaps. At the same time, the modular insertion installation method makes the maintenance of the cold purification component 6 more convenient.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer baffle 61 has several recessed screw holes 8, and countersunk bolts 81 are connected to the recessed screw holes 8. The outer baffle 61 is fixedly connected to the recessed stepped groove 71 by the countersunk bolts 81, and the head of the countersunk bolt 81 is completely embedded in the recessed screw hole 8. The countersunk bolt 81 ensures that the cold purification component 6 maintains a stable position under any operating condition. Secondly, the head of the countersunk bolt 81 is completely embedded in the recessed screw hole 8, so that the surface of the outer baffle 61 is flat and without protrusions, which is consistent with the overall flatness of the outer skin 1 at the air inlet end and the outer skin 3 on the air inlet side, avoiding possible interference during power replacement or scratches to personnel caused by protrusions.

[0044] As shown in Figures 6, 9, and 10, the side inner skin 91 has several straight air inlet holes 93, and the end inner skin 92 has several oblique air inlet holes 94. The oblique direction of the oblique air inlet holes 94 is consistent with the exhaust direction of the cooling fan 45. Both the straight air inlet holes 93 and the oblique air inlet holes 94 have various hole diameters, and the straight air inlet holes 93 and the oblique air inlet holes 94 are distributed from the center outwards in a descending order of diameter. The side inner skin 91 is located on the side of the battery frame 4, and the straight hole design allows the airflow to enter vertically, which is conducive to forming a lateral flow covering the side area of ​​the battery. The end inner skin 92 is located at the end of the battery frame 4, and the oblique hole design is used, with the oblique direction of the oblique air inlet holes 94 being... The airflow direction is aligned with that of the cooling fan 45, allowing the incoming airflow to flow smoothly towards the fan inlet, reducing energy loss caused by airflow turning. The variable aperture distribution of the straight inlet 93 and the angled inlet 94 allows more airflow to enter quickly near the center area, meeting the high heat dissipation requirements of the battery center area. The gradually decreasing aperture towards the outside restricts the airflow in the surrounding area, preventing excessive airflow from short-circuiting around the battery core area. This ensures that the airflow is evenly distributed throughout the battery pack, avoiding local overheating or overcooling. At the same time, the large aperture area located in the center also allows the airflow to diffuse outwards after impacting the core area, forming effective convection covering the entire battery pack.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1, the honeycomb air outlet 21 has a regular hexagonal hole structure, with the distance between opposite sides of a single regular hexagonal hole being 8 mm to 12 mm. The overall effective flow area of ​​the honeycomb air outlet 21 is 1.1 to 1.5 times that of the effective flow area of ​​the air inlet assembly 5. The array arrangement of the regular hexagonal holes has good isotropy, which makes the stress distribution uniform and prevents stress concentration in a specific direction. The distance between opposite sides of the honeycomb air outlet 21 ensures sufficient ventilation area and avoids structural weakening caused by excessively large holes. It also prevents the problem of easy blockage by dust caused by excessively small holes. After absorbing the heat of the battery, the air expands in volume. At the same time, the hot air may be disturbed by the complex structure inside the frame during the exhaust process, resulting in turbulence. Increasing the exhaust port area can effectively reduce the exhaust back pressure, allowing the hot air to be discharged smoothly and preventing heat accumulation caused by poor exhaust.

[0046] Working principle: When the cooling fan 45 is started, a negative pressure suction effect is generated inside the battery frame 4. The external air first comes into contact with the air intake assembly 5 integrated on the outer skin 1 of the air intake end and the outer skin 3 of the air intake side. The outer edge of the air intake slot 51 of the air intake assembly 5 is provided with a downwardly inclined outer baffle 52, which can effectively block rainwater and high-pressure washing water from splashing directly into the air. At the same time, it guides the airflow upward and causes large dust particles to fall naturally under the action of gravity. The upwardly inclined inner baffle 53 on the inner edge of the air intake slot 51 further changes the airflow direction and generates rotational disturbance, which promotes the initial separation of dust and water vapor in the air.

[0047] After initial treatment by the double-tilted baffles, the air enters the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame 4 between the air intake assembly 5 and the inner skin assembly 9. It first contacts the bent guide plate 54. Under the guidance of the bent guide plate 54, the air is forced to change its flow direction multiple times. Using the principle of inertia, large dust particles in the air collide with the plate wall at the turning point and settle. Then, the air enters the cold purification assembly 6 through the purification slot 7. The air first enters the dustproof cavity formed by the partition baffle 63 inside the C-shaped plate 62. The dustproof net 64 filters the air. The filtered air continues to enter the water absorption cavity. The water absorption cotton pad 65 tightly filled in the water absorption cavity can absorb water vapor in the air. The dry and clean air after being treated by the cold purification assembly 6 flows out from the dustproof cavity and the water absorption cavity and enters the interior of the battery frame 4.

[0048] The straight air inlet 93 on the side inner skin 91 allows airflow to enter the side area vertically. The inclined air inlet 94 on the end inner skin 92 is tilted in the same direction as the exhaust direction of the cooling fan 45, so that the airflow flows smoothly to the fan inlet. Both the straight air inlet 93 and the inclined air inlet 94 are distributed from the center to the outside in a manner with decreasing diameter. The large diameter in the central area allows more airflow to enter quickly to meet the high heat dissipation requirements of the battery center area. The gradually decreasing diameter on the outside limits the airflow around the perimeter to prevent airflow short circuit. The evenly distributed air enters the battery placement cavity and exchanges heat with the battery module to absorb heat and become hot air. Under the continuous suction of the cooling fan 45, the hot air is forced into the exhaust cavity and smoothly discharged from the honeycomb exhaust hole 21 to the atmosphere to complete the entire heat dissipation cycle.

[0049] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0050] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A side-switch battery frame ventilation structure for a mining vehicle, comprising a battery frame (4), characterized in that: The outer side of the battery frame (4) is fitted with an air inlet end outer skin (1), an air outlet side skin (2), and an air inlet side outer skin (3). The inner side of the battery frame (4) is fitted with an inner skin assembly (9), which includes a side inner skin (91) and an end inner skin (92). The side inner skin (91) is fitted with the inner side of the air inlet side outer skin (3), and the end inner skin (92) is fitted with the inner side of the air inlet end outer skin (1). The air outlet side skin (2) is provided with honeycomb air outlet holes (21) arranged in an array. An air inlet assembly (5) is integrated on the air inlet end outer skin (1) and the air inlet side outer skin (3). The air intake assembly (5) includes several air inlets (51). The outer edge of the air inlet (51) is provided with a downwardly inclined outer baffle (52), and the inner edge of the air inlet (51) is provided with an upwardly inclined inner baffle (53). A cold purification assembly (6) is provided in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame (4) between the air intake assembly (5) and the inner skin assembly (9). The cold purification assembly (6) is provided with a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity. A dustproof net (64) is tightly embedded in the dustproof cavity, and the dustproof net (64) corresponds to the air inlet (51). The water absorption cavity is tightly filled with a water-absorbing cotton pad (65), and the water-absorbing cotton pad (65) is located on the side away from the air inlet (51).

2. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet end outer skin (1), the air outlet side skin (2), and the air inlet side outer skin (3) are all provided with a number of recessed screw holes (8), and the recessed screw holes (8) are connected to countersunk bolts (81). The air inlet end outer skin (1), the air outlet side skin (2), and the air inlet side outer skin (3) are all connected to the battery frame (4) by countersunk bolts (81).

3. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery frame (4) includes a top plate (41), a support frame (42), a bottom plate (43), and a partition (44). The top plate (41) and the bottom plate (43) are fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the support frame (42), respectively. The battery frame (4) is divided into an air outlet cavity and a battery placement cavity by the partition (44). A cooling fan (45) is fixedly installed in the air outlet cavity. The air inlet side of the cooling fan (45) faces the battery placement cavity, and the air outlet side of the cooling fan (45) is set directly opposite the honeycomb air outlet hole (21) of the air outlet side skin (2).

4. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air inlet slot (51) is opened through the middle area of ​​the outer skin (1) at the air inlet end and the outer skin (3) on the air inlet side. The angle between the downward-sloping outer baffle (52) and the horizontal plane is between 30 degrees and 45 degrees. The air inlet assembly (5) also includes a bent guide plate (54). The bent guide plate (54) is disposed in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame (4) between the air inlet assembly (5) and the inner skin assembly (9). The upper end and both sides of the bent guide plate (54) are fixedly connected to the frame of the support frame (42). The bottom end of the bent guide plate (54) is connected to the dustproof cavity.

5. The side-switch battery frame ventilation structure for mining trucks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cold purification component (6) includes an outer baffle (61), a C-shaped plate (62), and a partition baffle (63). The outer baffle (61) is tightly fitted to the outer skin (1) at the air inlet end and the outer skin (3) at the air inlet side. The C-shaped plate (62) is fixed to the side surface of the outer baffle (61) facing the battery frame (4). The partition baffle (63) is vertically fixed in the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate (62) and the partition baffle (63) divides the internal cavity of the C-shaped plate (62) into a dustproof cavity and a water absorption cavity.

6. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining truck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer skin (1) at the air inlet end and the outer skin (3) at the air inlet side are provided with purification slots (7) directly below the area where the air inlet slot (51) is opened. A concave stepped slot (71) is provided at the edge of the purification slot (7). The C-shaped plate (62) passes through the purification slot (7) and is placed in the heat dissipation cavity of the battery frame (4) between the air inlet assembly (5) and the inner skin assembly (9). The outer baffle (61) is placed in the concave stepped slot (71).

7. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining truck according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer baffle (61) has several recessed screw holes (8) on its body. The recessed screw holes (8) are connected to countersunk bolts (81). The outer baffle (61) is fixedly connected to the recessed stepped groove (71) by the countersunk bolts (81), and the head of the countersunk bolts (81) is completely embedded in the recessed screw holes (8).

8. The side-switch battery frame ventilation structure for mining trucks according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side inner skin (91) has several straight air inlet holes (93), and the end inner skin (92) has several oblique air inlet holes (94). The oblique air inlet holes (94) are inclined in the same direction as the exhaust direction of the cooling fan (45). Both the straight air inlet holes (93) and the oblique air inlet holes (94) have multiple hole diameters. The straight air inlet holes (93) and the oblique air inlet holes (94) are distributed from the center to the outside according to the hole diameter from large to small.

9. The ventilation structure of the battery frame of the side-switch mining vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The honeycomb air outlet (21) has a regular hexagonal hole structure, and the distance between opposite sides of a single regular hexagonal hole is 8 mm to 12 mm; the overall effective flow area of ​​the honeycomb air outlet (21) is 1.1 to 1.5 of the effective flow area of ​​the air inlet assembly (5).

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