Antenna, communication chip and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses an antenna, a communication chip and an electronic device, and the antenna comprises an onboard antenna which is used for transmitting and receiving signals; the impedance matching circuit is electrically connected with the onboard antenna, the impedance matching circuit comprises a pi-type matching circuit composed of a plurality of inductors and a plurality of capacitors, and the value of at least one inductor and / or one capacitor is adjustable, so that the input impedance of the onboard antenna is adjusted under different signal source frequencies. The Pi-type matching circuit in the antenna can realize simultaneous matching of a real part and an imaginary part of input impedance according to impedance characteristics and signal source frequency so as to ensure maximum power transmission, can adapt to different impedance characteristics, provides effective matching, optimizes communication performance, and improves the performance of the antenna. When the antenna is used in a communication chip, secondary harmonic interference can be prevented from being generated in a 2.4-2.6 G frequency band, the frequency spectrum quality of signals is ensured, and the signal receiving and sending efficiency of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna design technology, and in particular to an antenna, a communication chip, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, antennas are crucial components for signal transmission when IoT devices communicate. However, current wireless chips used for communication typically generate second harmonics in the 2.4GHz-2.6GHz frequency band, with these second harmonics ranging from approximately 4.8GHz to 4.96GHz, severely impacting communication performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an antenna, communication chip and electronic device that can optimize communication performance.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, in a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising:

[0005] Onboard antenna for transmitting and receiving signals;

[0006] An impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the onboard antenna. The impedance matching circuit includes a π-type matching circuit composed of multiple inductors and multiple capacitors, and the values ​​of at least one of the inductors and / or one of the capacitors are adjustable to adjust the input impedance of the onboard antenna at different signal source frequencies.

[0007] The further technical solution is as follows: the π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit, a second capacitor, and a second inductor, wherein one end of the inductor-capacitor circuit and one end of the second inductor are respectively connected to the two ends of the second capacitor and respectively connected to the signal source and the onboard antenna, and the other end of the inductor-capacitor circuit and the second inductor are both grounded.

[0008] The further technical solution is as follows: the π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a second inductor. The second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected in series and their two ends are respectively connected to one end of the inductor-capacitor circuit and one end of the second inductor, and respectively connected to the signal source and the onboard antenna. The other ends of the inductor-capacitor circuit and the second inductor are both grounded.

[0009] A further technical solution is as follows: the impedance matching circuit further includes a resistor, one end of which is connected to the end where the second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0010] The further technical solution is as follows: the inductor-capacitor circuit includes a first inductor and a first capacitor, the first inductor and the first capacitor are connected in series, one end is connected to the second capacitor, and the other end is grounded.

[0011] The further technical solution is as follows: both the first inductor and the second inductor are adjustable inductors, and both the first capacitor and the second capacitor are adjustable capacitors.

[0012] The further technical solution is as follows: the onboard antenna includes a PCB multilayer board, a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna and the second antenna are distributed on different PCB stacks of the PCB multilayer board, and the first antenna and the second antenna are electrically connected to the impedance matching circuit.

[0013] The further technical solution is as follows: the first antenna and the second antenna are distributed on two PCB stacks symmetrical to the ground plane, and both the first antenna and the second antenna are snake antenna structures.

[0014] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a second aspect provides a communication chip, including a wireless chip and the aforementioned antenna, wherein the signal output terminal of the wireless chip is connected to the input terminal of the impedance matching circuit, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the onboard antenna.

[0015] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a third aspect is to provide an electronic device, including the above-mentioned communication chip.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the impedance matching circuit in the antenna of this utility model includes a π-type matching circuit composed of multiple inductors and multiple capacitors. The impedance matching of the antenna can be achieved through the π-type matching circuit. When the antenna is used in a communication chip, it can avoid second harmonic interference in the 2.4G-2.6G frequency band, ensure the spectral quality of the signal, and improve the signal reception and transmission efficiency of the antenna. At the same time, the multiple inductors and capacitors in the π-type matching circuit can form multiple resonant points, covering a wider frequency range. Moreover, the values ​​of at least one of the inductors and / or one of the capacitors in the π-type matching circuit are adjustable. By adjusting the values ​​of the inductors and / or capacitors, the impedance transformation ratio and frequency response of the impedance matching circuit can be adjusted to adapt to different impedance characteristics and optimize the communication performance at different frequencies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the antenna of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the onboard antenna in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gain of the antenna of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the electronic device of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better understand the technical content of this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further introduced and explained below with reference to the schematic diagram, but it is not limited thereto.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 2 , Figures 1 to 2 A first embodiment of the antenna 10 of this utility model is shown. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the antenna 10 includes an onboard antenna 12 and an impedance matching circuit 11. The onboard antenna 12 is used for transmitting and receiving signals. The impedance matching circuit 11 is electrically connected to the onboard antenna 12. The impedance matching circuit 11 includes a π-type matching circuit composed of multiple inductors and multiple capacitors, and the values ​​of at least one of the inductors and / or one of the capacitors are adjustable to adjust the input impedance of the onboard antenna 12 at different signal source frequencies. This achieves simultaneous matching of the real and imaginary parts of the input impedance (complex impedance) according to the impedance characteristics and the signal source frequency, ensuring maximum power transmission. It can be seen that the antenna of this utility model can adapt to different impedance characteristics through the adjustable π-type matching circuit, providing effective matching, optimizing communication performance, and avoiding second harmonic interference in the 2.4G-2.6G frequency band when the antenna 10 is used in a communication chip, ensuring the spectral quality of the signal and improving the signal reception and transmission efficiency of the antenna 10.

[0024] In some embodiments, the π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit 1111, a second capacitor C2, and a second inductor L2. One end of the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111 and one end of the second inductor L2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second capacitor C2 and respectively connected to the signal source and the onboard antenna 12. The other ends of the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111 and the second inductor L2 are both grounded. When the antenna 10 of this invention is used, the signal generated by the signal source is transmitted through the onboard antenna 12 after passing through the π-type matching circuit, ultimately realizing information transmission with the outside world. It is understood that the signal source can be a chip capable of generating communication signals, such as a WIFI chip.

[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111 includes a first inductor L1 and a first capacitor C1. Preferably, both the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are adjustable inductors, and both the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are adjustable capacitors. One end of the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in series to the second capacitor C2, and the other end is grounded. Based on the above design, the impedance matching of the antenna 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the values ​​of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the first capacitor C1, and / or the second capacitor C2, so as to optimize the transmission efficiency of the antenna 10.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the onboard antenna 12 includes a PCB multilayer board 121, a first antenna 122, and a second antenna 123. The first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 are distributed on different PCB stacks of the PCB multilayer board 121, and the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 are connected to one end of the impedance matching circuit 11 where the second capacitor C2 and the second inductor L2 are connected. In this invention, the different PCB stacks in the PCB multilayer board 121 are in a vertical layer structure. The first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 are disposed on different stacks of the PCB multilayer board 121. Through vertical stacking design, the space utilization of the antenna 10 can be improved. Furthermore, the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 amplify each other within the operating frequency band, keeping the frequency within the resonant point range, effectively improving the gain of the antenna 10, avoiding signal coupling interference of the antenna 10, ensuring the stable performance of the antenna 10 in multipath propagation, and increasing the gain without increasing the size of the onboard antenna 12, effectively reducing the overall space occupation.

[0027] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 are distributed on two PCB layers symmetrical to the ground plane 1211, and both the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 are serpentine antenna structures with identical structural dimensions. In this invention, the ground plane 1211 in the PCB multilayer board 121 serves as a reference ground. The symmetrical distribution of the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 ensures balanced gain in all directions, improving signal quality in multipath propagation environments. Simultaneously, the serpentine antenna structure increases the effective length, enhances frequency response characteristics, and improves signal transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the microstrip line length in the serpentine antenna structure can be set according to actual needs to optimize return loss and improve spectral purity. Further, as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the microstrip line connecting the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 to the second capacitor C2 and the second inductor L2 is a straight line. The power is fed through the straight microstrip line, which simplifies the power supply path, reduces circuit loss, and further improves signal transmission efficiency.

[0028] As can be seen from the above, the antenna 10 of this utility model can flexibly adjust the values ​​of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the first capacitor C1, and / or the second capacitor C2 in the π-type matching circuit according to the impedance characteristics and operating frequency of the antenna 10, so as to achieve simultaneous matching of the real and imaginary parts of the complex impedance, achieve impedance matching with a wider bandwidth, convert the input impedance of the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 into standard characteristic impedance (such as 50Ω or 75Ω), optimize communication performance, avoid the generation of second harmonics, and the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123, which have a serpentine antenna structure, are set in different stacks of the PCB multilayer board 121 vertically stacked, which can reduce the overall size of the antenna 10, and the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 can enhance the signal gain through coupling, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the gain of antenna 10 is greater than -4.9536dB within the bandwidth, and the maximum gain is 4.05dB, which meets the high-performance requirements of the communication system.

[0029] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the antenna 10 of this utility model. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment described above lies in the specific structure of the impedance matching circuit 11; the remaining structures are the same or similar. In this embodiment, the π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit 1111, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a second inductor L2. The impedance matching circuit 11 also includes a resistor R1. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3 and the resistor R1. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first inductor L1 in the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111 and the signal source. The other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the second inductor L2, the first antenna 122, and the second antenna 123. The other ends of the second inductor L2 and the resistor R1, as well as the first capacitor C1 in the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111, are all grounded. In this embodiment, the inductor-capacitor circuit 1111 is a series LC circuit. The second capacitor C2 and the resistor R1 form an RC network, while the third capacitor C3 and the second inductor L2 form an LC network. Multiple resonant points are formed in the impedance matching circuit 11. Furthermore, the values ​​of the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor C3 are all adjustable, which can optimize communication performance. At the same time, the resistor R1 can also be used to adjust the damping characteristics of the π-type matching circuit, further optimizing the bandwidth and matching effect.

[0030] Understandably, this utility model can also provide a communication chip, which may include a wireless chip and the antenna 10 described in the first or second embodiment above. The signal output terminal of the wireless chip is connected to the input terminal of the impedance matching circuit 11, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit 11 is connected to the onboard antenna 12. The wireless chip can be a WIFI chip or other chip that supports 2.4G / 5G frequency band transmission, which acts as a signal source to generate communication signals. The communication signals can be transmitted through the onboard antenna 12 after passing through the π-type matching circuit to realize information transmission with the outside world.

[0031] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the electronic device of this utility model. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the electronic device includes the aforementioned communication chip 100 and MCU 200. In this embodiment, the communication chip 100 includes a WIFI chip 20 and the antenna 10 described in the second embodiment. The MCU 200 is used to realize internal data control of the electronic device and to interact with external chips. It communicates with the WIFI chip 20 through a serial port to achieve efficient data transmission and reception. While reducing communication costs, it also simplifies the complexity of hardware connections and further optimizes the performance and stability of the system. Understandably, the electronic device can be automated industrial production equipment. When transmitting data with the outside world, the MCU 200 sends a signal to the WIFI chip 20. The communication signal generated by the WIFI chip 20 is transmitted to the onboard antenna 12 through the adjustable impedance matching circuit 11 and then transmitted through the onboard antenna 12. This can avoid the second harmonic interference of the WIFI chip 20 in the 2.4G-2.6G frequency band. It can also flexibly adjust the values ​​of the components in the π-type matching circuit according to the impedance characteristics and operating frequency of the antenna 10 to achieve impedance matching with a wider bandwidth. In addition, the first antenna 122 and the second antenna 123 in the onboard antenna 12 are set on different stacks of the PCB multilayer board 121 and arranged symmetrically. They can amplify each other, enhance the gain of the antenna 10, reduce signal coupling interference, and ensure stable communication quality. The structure is relatively simple, highly reliable, and easy to implement.

[0032] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna includes: Onboard antenna for transmitting and receiving signals; An impedance matching circuit is electrically connected to the onboard antenna. The impedance matching circuit includes a π-type matching circuit composed of multiple inductors and multiple capacitors, and the values ​​of at least one of the inductors and / or one of the capacitors are adjustable to adjust the input impedance of the onboard antenna at different signal source frequencies.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit, a second capacitor, and a second inductor. One end of the inductor-capacitor circuit and one end of the second inductor are respectively connected to the two ends of the second capacitor and respectively connected to the signal source and the onboard antenna. The other ends of the inductor-capacitor circuit and the second inductor are both grounded.

3. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The π-type matching circuit includes an inductor-capacitor circuit, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a second inductor. The second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected in series and their two ends are respectively connected to one end of the inductor-capacitor circuit and one end of the second inductor, and are respectively connected to the signal source and the onboard antenna. The other ends of the inductor-capacitor circuit and the second inductor are both grounded.

4. The antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The impedance matching circuit further includes a resistor, one end of which is connected to the end where the second capacitor and the third capacitor are connected, and the other end of which is grounded.

5. The antenna according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The inductor-capacitor circuit includes a first inductor and a first capacitor. The first inductor and the first capacitor are connected in series, with one end connected to the second capacitor and the other end grounded.

6. The antenna as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first inductor and the second inductor are adjustable inductors, and both the first capacitor and the second capacitor are adjustable capacitors.

7. The antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The onboard antenna includes a PCB multilayer board, a first antenna, and a second antenna. The first antenna and the second antenna are distributed on different PCB stacks of the PCB multilayer board, and the first antenna and the second antenna are electrically connected to the impedance matching circuit.

8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein, The first antenna and the second antenna are distributed on two PCB stacks symmetrical to the ground plane, and both the first antenna and the second antenna are snake antenna structures.

9. A communication chip, comprising: The communication chip includes a wireless chip and an antenna as described in any one of claims 1-8. The signal output terminal of the wireless chip is connected to the input terminal of the impedance matching circuit, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the onboard antenna.

10. An electronic device, comprising: Includes the communication chip described in claim 9 above.

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