Tube plate structure for heat exchanger and winding tube type heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tube plate structure for a heat exchanger and a winding tube type heat exchanger, and the tube plate structure comprises a heat-conducting tube plate main body which is provided with a first plate surface facing a tube pass medium in the heat exchanger and a second plate surface facing a shell pass medium in the heat exchanger, a plurality of tube holes penetrating through the first plate surface and the second plate surface are formed in the tube plate main body at intervals; an annular groove extending in the circumferential direction is formed in the second plate surface of the tube plate main body, and the annular groove is formed in the periphery of each tube hole; the tube plate structure further comprises an annular check ring which is arranged in the annular groove in the circumferential direction so as to shield a groove opening of the annular groove. A through hole for a shell pass medium to enter the annular groove is formed in the check ring, or / and a gap for the shell pass medium to enter the annular groove is formed between the periphery of the check ring and the corresponding inner wall of the notch in a spaced mode. The tube plate structure disclosed by the utility model can bear a larger temperature difference between a tube pass medium and a shell pass medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically relating to a tube sheet structure for heat exchangers and a wound tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Existing spiral-wound tube heat exchangers, such as the Chinese invention patent application number CN201910358285.9 entitled "A Spiral-Wound Tube Heat Exchanger for Gas Absorption" (authorization announcement number CN109999619B) and the Chinese utility model patent application number CN202021024668.7 entitled "Anti-corrosion Structure of the Lower Tube Sheet of a Spiral-Wound Tube Heat Exchanger" (authorization announcement number CN212645484U), generally include a shell-side cylinder with shell-side nozzles, tube sheets welded to both ends of the shell-side cylinder, heat exchange tubes spirally wound axially within the shell-side cylinder and supported at both ends on the tube sheets, and tube boxes with tube-side nozzles on each tube sheet. During heat exchange, the shell-side medium enters the shell-side cylinder through the shell-side nozzles and exchanges heat with the tube-side medium inside the heat exchange tubes.

[0003] In actual use, under high temperature environments, there may be a large temperature difference (≥100℃) between the tube-side medium and the shell-side medium. For example, the temperature of the tube-side medium is 730℃ and the temperature of the shell-side medium is 610℃. In this case, the temperature difference between the tube-side medium on one side of the tube sheet and the shell-side medium on the other side of the tube sheet is large, which makes the thermal stress at the tube sheet large and affects the service life of the tube sheet. Utility Model Content

[0004] The first technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a tube sheet structure for heat exchangers that can withstand a large temperature difference between the tube-side medium and the shell-side medium, in light of the current state of the technology.

[0005] The second technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a wound tube heat exchanger having the above-mentioned tube sheet structure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the first technical problem mentioned above is: a tube sheet structure for a heat exchanger, comprising:

[0007] A heat-conducting tube sheet body has a first plate surface for facing the tube side medium inside the heat exchanger and a second plate surface for facing the shell side medium inside the heat exchanger, and the tube sheet body is provided with a plurality of tube holes that penetrate the first plate surface and the second plate surface at intervals.

[0008] Its features are:

[0009] The second plate surface of the tube sheet body is provided with a circumferentially extending annular groove, which is located around the periphery of each tube hole;

[0010] The tube sheet structure also includes:

[0011] An annular retaining ring is disposed circumferentially within the annular groove to block the opening of the annular groove; and the retaining ring is provided with a through hole for the shell-side medium to enter the annular groove, or / and, the periphery of the retaining ring and the corresponding inner wall of the groove are spaced apart to form a gap for the shell-side medium to enter the annular groove.

[0012] The annular groove and retaining ring on the second plate surface of the tube sheet body allow some shell-side medium to enter the annular groove through the through-hole and / or gap on the retaining ring. Due to the obstruction of the retaining ring, the shell-side medium entering the annular groove does not flow or enters and exits the annular groove at a relatively slow speed. This allows the shell-side medium in the annular groove to be gradually heated to a temperature close to that of the shell-side medium on the first plate side under the thermal effect of the tube-side medium, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the tube sheet body and thus reducing the thermal stress at the tube sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the retaining ring has an inner periphery and an outer periphery;

[0014] The inner periphery is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove, and the outer periphery is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the aforementioned gap; or, the inner periphery is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the aforementioned gap, and the outer periphery is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove.

[0015] To further reduce the temperature difference between the two sides of the tube sheet, preferably, at least two retaining rings are arranged side-by-side at intervals along the axial direction, and adjacent retaining rings are designated as the first retaining ring and the second retaining ring. The outer periphery of the first retaining ring is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the slot, and the inner periphery of the first retaining ring is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the slot to form the aforementioned gap. The inner periphery of the second retaining ring is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the slot, and the outer periphery of the second retaining ring is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the slot to form the aforementioned gap. That is, the gaps formed between adjacent retaining rings and the inner wall of the slot are staggered, which can further reduce the velocity of the shell-side medium entering and exiting the annular groove, allowing the shell-side medium in the annular groove to be more fully heated by the tube-side medium on the first plate side. This results in the temperatures of the media on both sides of the tube sheet being closer, further reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the tube sheet.

[0016] In the above embodiments, preferably, the second plate surface of the tube sheet body has a central portion with the aforementioned tube holes, an annular groove located around the central portion, and an outer ring portion located around the annular groove. The outer ring portion can be used for connection between the tube sheet body and the shell-side cylinder of the heat exchanger.

[0017] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the second technical problem mentioned above is: a wound tube heat exchanger, comprising:

[0018] The shell-side cylinder is laid horizontally, and its side wall is provided with a shell-side nozzle for the shell-side medium to pass through.

[0019] Multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged axially within the shell-side cylinder and spirally wound from the inside out to form a multi-layered spiral tube.

[0020] The feature is that it also has the tube sheet structure as described above, wherein the tube sheet body is arranged such that its second plate surface faces the shell-side cylinder and the outer ring portion on the second plate surface is connected to the end of the shell-side cylinder, and the tube holes on the tube sheet body provide support for the ends of the corresponding heat exchange tubes.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a sleeve having a side wall fitted around the outermost spiral tube, the end of the side wall being spaced apart from the central portion of the second plate surface of the corresponding tube sheet body, and the end of the side wall being spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the corresponding shell-side tube body to form an annular cavity communicating with the aforementioned shell-side tube fitting.

[0022] The sleeve design ensures that after heat exchange between the shell-side medium and the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tubes, the medium exits through the end of the sleeve's side wall and enters the annular cavity, then exits from the shell-side nozzle, guaranteeing sufficient heat exchange between the shell-side and tube-side media. Simultaneously, it prevents the shell-side medium from impacting the retaining ring.

[0023] Preferably, the device further includes an annular support plate disposed circumferentially within the annular cavity. The inner periphery of the annular support plate is connected to the side wall of the sleeve, and the outer periphery of the annular support plate is supported on the side wall of the shell-side cylinder. Furthermore, the annular support plate has multiple openings spaced circumferentially. The annular support plate not only supports the sleeve but also ensures uniform distribution of the shell-side medium.

[0024] Furthermore, at least two axially extending slides are provided circumferentially at intervals on the inner wall surface of the shell-side cylinder, and the outer periphery of the annular support plate is supported on the slides. The cooperation between the slides and the annular support plate facilitates the entry and exit of the tube bundle with heat exchange tubes and sleeves into and out of the shell-side cylinder.

[0025] Preferably, the shell-side nozzle is located at the top of the shell-side cylinder, the diameter of the opening on the upper part of the annular support plate is smaller than the diameter of the opening on the lower part of the annular support plate, and the spacing between adjacent openings on the upper part of the annular support plate is greater than the spacing between adjacent openings on the lower part of the annular support plate. This satisfies the resistance drop requirement.

[0026] Preferably, the retaining ring has the aforementioned through holes at its bottom and top. This allows for the venting and complete drainage of the shell-side medium within the annular groove.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: the annular groove and the retaining ring on the second plate surface of the tube sheet body allow some shell-side medium to enter the annular groove through the through hole and / or gap on the retaining ring. Due to the obstruction of the retaining ring, the shell-side medium entering the annular groove basically does not flow or enters and exits the annular groove at a slow speed. This allows the shell-side medium in the annular groove to be gradually heated to a temperature close to that of the shell-side medium on the first plate side under the thermal effect of the tube-side medium, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the tube sheet body and thus reducing the thermal stress at the tube sheet. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the wound tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A;

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local structure along the B direction. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this is a preferred embodiment of a tube sheet structure for a heat exchanger and a wound tube heat exchanger according to the present invention. The wound tube heat exchanger includes a tube sheet structure, a shell-side cylinder 3, a heat exchange tube bundle, and an annular support plate 6.

[0033] The shell-side cylinder 3 lies horizontally, and its side wall has a shell-side nozzle 31 at the top for the shell-side medium to pass through, with the shell-side nozzle 31 relatively close to the end of the shell-side cylinder 3. At the same time, multiple axially extending slides 32 are circumferentially spaced protruding on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the shell-side cylinder 3.

[0034] The tube sheet structure includes a heat-conducting tube sheet body 1 and a retaining ring 2. The tube sheet body 1 has a first plate surface 11 facing the tube-side medium inside the heat exchanger and a second plate surface 12 facing the shell-side medium inside the heat exchanger. The central portion 121 of the second plate surface 12 is provided with a plurality of tube holes 10 that penetrate the plate thickness at intervals. The second plate surface 12 also has a circumferentially extending annular groove 120 located around the central portion 121. At the same time, the second plate surface 12 also has an outer ring portion 122 located around the annular groove 120. During installation, the tube sheet body 1 is arranged vertically with its second plate surface 12 facing the shell-side cylinder 3, and the outer ring portion 122 on the second plate surface 12 is aligned with the end of the shell-side cylinder 3.

[0035] The aforementioned retaining ring 2 is annular and is disposed circumferentially within the annular groove 120 to cover the opening of the annular groove 120. The retaining ring 2 has a through hole 20 for the shell-side medium to pass through, and a gap 21 for the shell-side medium to pass through is formed between the periphery of the retaining ring 2 and the corresponding inner wall of the groove opening. Specifically, this embodiment has three retaining rings 2: a first retaining ring 201, a second retaining ring 202, and a third retaining ring 203 arranged side-by-side and spaced apart along the axial direction. Each retaining ring 2 has an inner periphery 2a and an outer periphery 2b. The outer periphery 2b of the first retaining ring 201 is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove opening by welding. The inner periphery 2a of the first retaining ring 201 is arranged between the corresponding inner wall of the groove opening and spaced apart to form the aforementioned gap 21. The top of the first retaining ring 20 has the aforementioned through hole 20. The inner periphery 2a of the second retaining ring 202 is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove by welding. The outer periphery 2b of the second retaining ring 202 is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the aforementioned gap 21. The outer periphery 2b of the third retaining ring 203 is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove by welding. The inner periphery 2a of the third retaining ring 203 is spaced apart from the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the aforementioned gap 21. The top of the third retaining ring 20 is provided with the aforementioned through hole 20.

[0036] The aforementioned heat exchange tube bundle includes a central cylinder 7, multiple heat exchange tubes 4, and a sleeve 5. The central cylinder 7 is placed horizontally inside the shell-side body 3, and its end is supported on the second plate surface 12 of the tube sheet body 1. The multiple heat exchange tubes 4 are arranged axially inside the shell-side body 3 and are spirally wound around the outer circumference of the central cylinder 7 from the inside out to form a multi-layer spiral tube. Each layer of spiral tube has an axially extending first straight tube section 41, a second straight tube section 42 with a diameter smaller than the first straight tube section 41, and a tapered tube section 43 that connects the first and second straight tube sections and gradually decreases in diameter along the axial direction. The end of each heat exchange tube 4 (i.e., the end of the second straight tube section 42) is inserted into its corresponding tube hole 10. The sleeve 5 has a circumferential wall that is fitted around the outermost spiral tube. The shape of the circumferential wall is consistent with the shape of the spiral tube. The end of the circumferential wall is spaced apart from the central portion 121 of the second plate surface 12 of the corresponding tube sheet body 1. The portions of the circumferential wall corresponding to the second straight tube section 42 and the tapered tube section 43 of the spiral tube are spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the corresponding shell-side cylinder 3 to form an annular cavity 30 with the shell-side connecting pipe 31. The annular cavity 30 is directly opposite the retaining ring 2.

[0037] The aforementioned annular support plate 6 is circumferentially disposed within the annular cavity 30, near the end of the sleeve 5. The inner periphery of the annular support plate 6 is connected to the side wall of the sleeve 5, and the outer periphery of the annular support plate 6 is supported on the slides 32 of the shell-side cylinder 3. This ensures that the annular cavity 30 is always present between the sleeve 5 and the side wall of the shell-side cylinder, and also facilitates the core insertion operation of the heat exchange tube bundle. Meanwhile, as... Figure 3As shown, a plurality of openings 60 are distributed circumferentially on the annular support plate 6. The diameter of the openings 60 on the upper part of the annular support plate 6 is smaller than that of the openings 60 on the lower part of the annular support plate 6, and the spacing between adjacent openings 60 on the upper part of the annular support plate 6 is greater than that between adjacent openings 60 on the lower part of the annular support plate 6, in order to meet the resistance drop requirements and facilitate the uniform distribution of fluid.

[0038] The accompanying drawings of this embodiment only show the structure of the left side of the heat exchanger; the structure of the right side of the heat exchanger can be designed with reference to the left side.

[0039] During heat exchange, such as Figure 1 As indicated by the middle arrow, the shell-side medium entering the sleeve 5 exchanges heat with the tube-side medium in the heat exchange tube 4 (the tube-side medium enters the heat exchange tube 4 via the first plate surface 11 side of the tube sheet body). After this heat exchange, the medium exits through the end of the sleeve's side peripheral wall and enters the annular cavity 30, and then exits from the shell-side nozzle 31, ensuring that the shell-side medium can fully exchange heat with the tube-side medium. Before entering the annular cavity 30, some of the shell-side medium enters the annular groove 120 through the gap 21 and the through hole 20. Due to the obstruction of the baffle ring 2, the shell-side medium entering the annular groove 120 basically does not flow or enters and exits the annular groove 120 at a relatively slow speed. This allows the shell-side medium in the annular groove 120 to be gradually heated to a temperature close to that of the shell-side medium on the first plate surface 11 side under the thermal effect of the tube-side medium, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the tube sheet body and reducing the thermal stress at the tube sheet.

[0040] In the specification and claims of this utility model, terms indicating direction, such as "front," "rear," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "side," "top," and "bottom," are used to describe various exemplary structural parts and elements of this utility model. However, the use of these terms is merely for the purpose of explanation and is based on the exemplary orientations shown in the accompanying drawings. Since the embodiments disclosed in this utility model can be arranged in different orientations, these terms indicating direction are for illustrative purposes only and should not be regarded as limitations. For example, "upper" and "lower" are not necessarily limited to directions opposite to or consistent with the direction of gravity.

[0041] The term "vertical" is also used in the specification and claims of this utility model, meaning basically along the up and down direction, and is not limited to just the vertical direction, but can also be slightly deviated from the vertical direction.

[0042] The term "radial" is also used in the specification and claims of this utility model, meaning basically along the inside and outside direction, and is not limited to the radial direction that passes through the center of the circle, but can also be slightly deviated from the radial direction.

Claims

1. A tube sheet structure for a heat exchanger, comprising: The heat-conducting tube sheet body (1) has a first plate surface (11) for facing the tube side medium inside the heat exchanger and a second plate surface (12) for facing the shell side medium inside the heat exchanger, and the tube sheet body (1) is provided with a plurality of tube holes (10) that penetrate the first plate surface (11) and the second plate surface (12) at intervals. Its features are: The tube sheet body (1) has a circumferentially extending annular groove (120) on the second plate surface (12), which is located around each tube hole (10); The tube sheet structure also includes: An annular retaining ring (2) is disposed circumferentially in the annular groove (120) to block the opening of the annular groove (120); and the retaining ring (2) is provided with a through hole (20) for the shell medium to enter into the annular groove (120), or / and, the periphery of the retaining ring (2) and the corresponding inner wall of the groove are arranged at intervals to form a gap (21) for the shell medium to enter into the annular groove (120).

2. The tube sheet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining ring (2) has an inner periphery (2a) and an outer periphery (2b); The inner periphery (2a) is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove, and the outer periphery (2b) is arranged at intervals with the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the gap (21) mentioned above; or, the inner periphery (2a) is arranged at intervals with the corresponding inner wall of the groove to form the gap (21) mentioned above, and the outer periphery (2b) is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove.

3. The tube sheet structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are at least two retaining rings (2), which are arranged side by side with intervals along the axial direction. Two adjacent retaining rings (2) are referred to as the first retaining ring (201) and the second retaining ring (202). The outer periphery (2b) of the first retaining ring (201) is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove. The inner periphery (2a) of the first retaining ring (201) is arranged with intervals to form the gap (21) mentioned above. The inner periphery (2a) of the second retaining ring (202) is connected to the corresponding inner wall of the groove. The outer periphery (2b) of the second retaining ring (202) is arranged with intervals to form the gap (21) mentioned above.

4. The tube sheet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second plate surface (12) of the tube sheet body (1) has a central portion (121) with the aforementioned tube hole (10), the aforementioned annular groove (120) located around the central portion (121), and an outer ring portion (122) located around the annular groove (120).

5. A wound tube heat exchanger, comprising: A horizontally oriented shell-side cylinder (3) has a shell-side nozzle (31) on its side wall for the shell-side medium to pass through. Multiple heat exchange tubes (4) are arranged axially inside the shell-side cylinder (3) and spirally wound from the inside out to form a multi-layered spiral tube. Its features It also has the tube sheet structure as described in claim 4, wherein the tube sheet body (1) is arranged such that its second plate surface (12) faces the shell-side cylinder (3) and the outer ring portion (122) on the second plate surface (12) is connected to the end of the shell-side cylinder (3), and the tube holes (10) on the tube sheet body (1) provide support for the ends of the corresponding heat exchange tubes (4).

6. The wound tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a sleeve (5) having a side wall sleeved around the outermost spiral tube. The end of the side wall is spaced apart from the central portion (121) of the second plate surface (12) of the corresponding tube sheet body (1), and the end of the side wall is spaced apart from the inner wall surface of the corresponding shell-side cylinder (3) to form an annular cavity (30) that communicates with the shell-side connecting pipe (31).

7. The wound tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an annular support plate (6), which is disposed circumferentially in the annular cavity (30), and the inner periphery of the annular support plate (6) is connected to the side wall of the sleeve (5). The outer periphery of the annular support plate (6) is supported on the side wall of the shell-side cylinder (3). Meanwhile, a plurality of openings (60) are distributed circumferentially on the annular support plate (6).

8. The wound tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shell-side cylinder (3) is provided with at least two axially extending slides (32) spaced circumferentially, and the outer periphery of the annular support plate (6) is supported on the slides (32).

9. The wound tube heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shell-side nozzle (31) is located at the top of the shell-side cylinder (3). The diameter of the opening (60) on the upper part of the annular support plate (6) is smaller than the diameter of the opening (60) on the lower part of the annular support plate (6). The spacing between adjacent openings (60) on the upper part of the annular support plate (6) is greater than the spacing between adjacent openings (60) on the lower part of the annular support plate (6).

10. The wound tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom and top of the retaining ring (2) are provided with the aforementioned through holes (20).

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