Sound detection device
By connecting the laser emitting component, detection component, and photoelectric processing component with optical fiber, and utilizing the resonance detector and the change in interference light intensity, the problem of high position requirements of traditional devices is solved, and high degree of freedom and high precision sound detection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SOUTHWEST UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Traditional sound detection devices have high requirements for positioning. When using reflective laser detection, the transmitter and receiver must be precisely aligned. If they deviate from the set route, sound information cannot be collected.
The system employs a laser emitting component, a detection component, and a photoelectric processing component, all connected via optical fiber. The detection component includes a sound receiving unit and a reference unit, which are connected in parallel between couplers. The sound receiving unit is wound around a resonant detector. Sound analysis is performed using the photoelastic effect and changes in interference light intensity to reduce the impact of noise.
This technology enables the collection of sound signals without the need for specific location selection, improving the freedom and accuracy of sound detection, reducing environmental noise interference, and enhancing the acquisition range and precision of sound signals.
Smart Images
Figure CN224202555U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of fiber optic detection technology, specifically relating to a sound detection device. Background Technology
[0002] The content in this section provides only background information related to this application and may not constitute prior art.
[0003] Sound signals are characterized by precision and stability, and sound feature extraction and pattern recognition technologies based on signal processing have developed rapidly in recent years. By using computer technology and signal processing methods to analyze the sound emitted by objects and extract their vibration characteristics, accurate data and analytical basis can be provided for predicting the operation of objects. For example, sound-based detection technology is widely used for fault detection in everything from large-scale applications like airplanes and trains to smaller applications like motors and elevators.
[0004] Traditional sound detection devices are generally reflective laser detectors, with separate transmitters and receivers. This requires high precision in aiming the transmitter and receiver at the target. If the reflected light deviates from the set path, the laser receiver will not receive the sound information, thus requiring precise positioning for sound detection. Utility Model Content
[0005] This application aims to at least partially solve the technical problem of sound detection requiring precise positioning. To this end, this application provides a sound detection device.
[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a sound detection device, comprising: a laser emitting component, a detection component, and a photoelectric processing component, wherein one end of the detection component is connected to the laser emitting component via an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the photoelectric processing component via an optical fiber;
[0007] The detection component includes a sound receiving unit, a sound reference unit, a first coupler, and a second coupler. The first coupler is connected to the laser emitting component, and the second coupler is connected to the photoelectric processing component. The sound receiving unit and the sound reference unit are connected in parallel between the first coupler and the second coupler.
[0008] The sound receiving unit includes an optical fiber detection branch and a resonance detector. The optical fiber detection branch is wound around the resonance detector. One end of the optical fiber detection branch is connected to the first coupler and the other end is connected to the second coupler.
[0009] In some embodiments, the resonant detector is a cylinder, and the resonant detector is hollow inside.
[0010] In some embodiments, the optical fiber detection branches are wound evenly spaced around the resonant detector, and the number of turns of the optical fiber detection branches wound at both ends of the resonant detector is the same.
[0011] In some embodiments, the sound reference unit includes an optical fiber reference branch and a soundproof box. The optical fiber reference branch is disposed inside the soundproof box, with one end connected to the first coupler and the other end connected to the second coupler.
[0012] In some embodiments, the soundproof box is sealed and filled with sound-absorbing material.
[0013] In some embodiments, the photoelectric processing component includes a photodetector with an avalanche photodiode disposed thereon.
[0014] In some implementations, a signal conversion device and an oscilloscope are included for converting optical signals into visible electrical signals.
[0015] In some implementations, both the first coupler and the second coupler are 50:50 single-mode fiber couplers.
[0016] The adoption of the above technical solution in this application has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The sound detection device provided in this application includes a laser emitting component, a detection component, and a photoelectric processing component. One end of the detection component is connected to the laser emitting component via an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the photoelectric processing component via an optical fiber. The detection component includes a sound receiving unit, a sound reference unit, a first coupler, and a second coupler. The first coupler is connected to the laser emitting component, and the second coupler is connected to the photoelectric processing component. The sound receiving unit and the sound reference unit are connected in parallel between the first coupler and the second coupler. The sound receiving unit includes an optical fiber detection branch and a resonance detector. The optical fiber detection branch is wound around the resonance detector, and one end of the optical fiber detection branch is connected to the first coupler. The first coupler connects to the second coupler, and the optical signal emitted by the optical emitting component is split into two beams of equal power by the first coupler. These beams are then transmitted to the sound receiving unit and the sound reference unit, respectively. When the vicinity of the resonant detector is subjected to external sound, the phase of the light wave transmitted in the optical fiber detection branch changes due to the photoelastic effect, thereby affecting the intensity of the interference light. The two beams of light are recombined at the second coupler and input to the optoelectronic processing component. The optoelectronic processing component analyzes the optical signal to achieve speech content parsing. Since this application collects sound through the resonant detector of the sound receiving unit, there is no need to specifically select the location, resulting in a high degree of freedom. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sound detection device is shown;
[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the photoelectric processing component is shown;
[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of a sound detection device is shown.
[0022] Reference numerals: 1-Laser emitting assembly; 2-Detection assembly; 21-Sound receiving unit; 211-Fiber optic detection branch; 212-Resonance detector; 22-Sound reference unit; 221-Fiber optic reference branch; 222-Soundproof box; 23-First coupler; 24-Second coupler; 3-Photoelectric processing assembly; 31-Photoelectric receiver; 32-Avalanche photodiode; 33-Signal conversion device; 34-Oscilloscope. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0024] It should be noted that all directional indications in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.
[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0026] Furthermore, in this utility model, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0027] This application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0028] This application provides a sound detection device, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a laser emitting component 1, a detection component 2, and a photoelectric processing component 3. One end of the detection component 2 is connected to the laser emitting component 1 via an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the photoelectric processing component 3 via an optical fiber. The laser emitting component 1 includes a laser emitter and a power supply component. In this embodiment, the laser emitter can be a semiconductor infrared laser, used to continuously operate at room temperature to provide a laser source, and the power supply component supplies power to the laser emitting component 1.
[0029] In some embodiments, the laser emitting component 1 generates a large amount of heat during operation, which may cause the device to burn out if it operates for a long time. Therefore, the laser emitting component 1 also includes a temperature control component, which includes a temperature sensor and a cooler. The temperature of the laser emitting component 1 is detected by the temperature sensor and then cooled by the cooler, thereby improving the stability of the entire device.
[0030] Specifically, the detection component 2 includes a sound receiver 21, a sound reference 22, a first coupler 23, and a second coupler 24. The first coupler 23 and the second coupler 24 can be 50:50 single-mode fiber couplers. The first coupler 23 is connected to the laser emitting component 1, and the second coupler 24 is connected to the optoelectronic processing component 3. The sound receiver 21 and the sound reference 22 are connected in parallel between the first coupler 23 and the second coupler 24. The first coupler 23 splits the optical signal from the laser emitting component 1 into two beams of equal power. One beam passes through the sound receiver 21. Unit 21 is used to detect sound. The sound affects the light signal passing through the sound receiving unit 21, causing a phase change and thus forming an interference light signal. Another beam passes through the sound reference unit 22 as an interference-free reference light signal. The two light signals are then coupled through the second coupler 24. The coupled light signals are photoelectrically converted by the photoelectric processing component 3. Then, the noise reduction effect can be achieved through the differential circuit, thereby restoring the sound signal. This reduces the influence of environmental noise, background noise and other factors on the main sound, making the collected sound signal more accurate.
[0031] The sound receiving unit 21 includes an optical fiber detection branch 211 and a resonant detector 212, both made of optical fibers. The optical fiber detection branch 211 is wound around the resonant detector 212. One end of the optical fiber detection branch 211 is connected to an output end of a first coupler 23, and the other end is connected to an input end of a second coupler 24. When sound passes through the sound receiving unit 21, the resonant detector 212 resonates under the influence of the sound, thereby affecting the optical fiber detection branch 211 and causing a phase change in the optical signal within it. In this embodiment, the optical fiber wound around the resonant detector 212 is a bare fiber, which improves the sensitivity of the optical fiber detection branch 211 to the main sound and further improves the accuracy of sound collection. In this embodiment, the optical fiber of the entire device can use fiber-stop C / APC-FC / APC single-mode fiber, which is more suitable for semiconductor infrared lasers. In other embodiments, other types of optical fibers can be used depending on the light source or the requirements of the detection environment.
[0032] In some embodiments, the resonant detector 212 is a cylinder with a hollow interior. When sound passes through the resonant detector 212, the hollow cylindrical shape of the detector achieves a resonance effect, thereby enhancing the vibration effect of the sound and its influence on the optical signal in the optical fiber. This makes the phase change of the optical signal more pronounced, even at low volumes, causing a phase change in the optical signal under the influence of the resonance effect, thus increasing the volume range of sound that the device can collect. In this embodiment, the resonant detector 212 can be made of an aluminum metal cylinder to improve its sensitivity to sound vibration. In other embodiments, other materials can be used for the resonant detector 212, and the model and thickness of the resonant detector 212 can be determined according to a pre-set sound acquisition range.
[0033] In some embodiments, the resonant detector 212 may also adopt other shapes, such as a double funnel-shaped resonant detector 212 with symmetrical ends, which can improve the range of sound collection and thus increase the range that the device can collect.
[0034] In some embodiments, the optical fiber detection branch 211 is wound evenly at intervals around the resonant detector 212, and the number of turns of the optical fiber detection branch 211 wound at both ends of the resonant detector 212 is the same. When sound vibrates the optical fiber detection branch 211 through the resonance of the resonant detector 212, the different vibration effects at different positions of the optical fiber detection branch 211 will cause multiple phase changes in the optical signal, resulting in interference effects in the optical signal. Therefore, by winding the optical fiber at even intervals, the vibration effects felt at different positions are the same, thereby improving the accuracy of the optical fiber in collecting sound vibrations.
[0035] In some embodiments, the sound reference unit 22 includes an optical fiber reference branch 221 made of optical fiber and a soundproof box 222. The optical fiber reference branch 221 is disposed inside the soundproof box 222. One end of the optical fiber reference branch 221 is connected to the first coupler 23 and the other end is connected to the second coupler 24. The optical fiber reference branch 221 has the same length as the optical fiber detection branch 211. Since there is a certain amount of environmental noise and background noise when collecting optical signals, the optical fiber reference branch 221 is covered by the soundproof box 222 to keep the optical fiber reference branch 221 in a stationary state. This achieves the effect of noise reduction processing of the optical fiber reference branch 221 through the soundproof box 222, thereby making the noise reduction fitting of the phase-changing electrical signal more accurate.
[0036] In some embodiments, the soundproof box 222 is sealed and filled with sound-absorbing material. The optical fiber reference branch 221 is completely located inside the soundproof box 222 and is wrapped by the sound-absorbing material, thereby improving the noise reduction effect. In other embodiments, the soundproof box 222 can also be soundproofed in other ways, such as by setting up a vacuum bag, air bag or other device to achieve the soundproofing effect.
[0037] In some embodiments, the photoelectric processing component 3 includes a photodetector 31 for converting optical signals into electrical signals and an avalanche photodiode 32. In this embodiment, the photodetector 31 includes a photoelectric IV conversion amplifier. The input terminal of the avalanche photodiode 32 is connected to the second coupler 24, and the output terminal is connected to the photoelectric IV conversion amplifier. In this embodiment, the APD avalanche photodiode 32 can be used to drive the photodetector 31 to receive and process interference optical signals. The APD avalanche photodiode 32 adds an internal current gain region to the PIN photodiode and amplifies the photocurrent through the internal avalanche multiplication effect. Because it has an internal gain (10~100), it is more suitable for detecting weak signals.
[0038] In some embodiments, the photodetector 31 includes a third coupler and a balanced detector. The third coupler is connected to the output of the avalanche photodiode 32. The third coupler can be a 50:50 single-mode fiber coupler. The light is coupled through the third coupler. After interference, the phase difference between the two output light intensities is π, which is a pair of differential signals. After entering the balanced detector, the phase difference is subtracted, and the amplitude becomes twice. This achieves the effect of doubling the signal, reducing noise, and improving the signal-to-noise ratio by more than 3dB.
[0039] In other embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The second coupler 24 and the photoelectric processing component 3 can be set in two sets, namely the first photoelectric processing component and the second photoelectric processing component. The two second couplers 24 are respectively connected to the first photoelectric processing component and the second photoelectric processing component. The first photoelectric processing component is used to convert the optical signal after the reference optical signal and the interference optical signal are coupled. The second photoelectric processing component is used to convert the reference optical signal separately. By receiving and processing the two optical signals through the two sets of photoelectric processing components, the two optical signals are converted into electrical signals, which avoids interference between the two optical signals and improves the processing effect of the optical signals.
[0040] In some embodiments, the device further includes a signal conversion device 33 and an oscilloscope 34. In this embodiment, the signal conversion device 33 includes a signal amplifier, a filter, and an AD converter connected in sequence. It is used to process and convert optical signals and output electrical signals for analysis by other signal processing devices, thereby restoring them to sound signals. In other cases, when other detection, monitoring, or processing of the signal is required, it can be modified according to the actual situation. The oscilloscope 34 is connected to the output terminal of the signal conversion device 33 and displays the electrical signals through the oscilloscope 34, which is convenient for subsequent measurement, observation, and research.
[0041] In some embodiments, computer equipment can be used to store the converted electrical signal, which facilitates subsequent preprocessing steps such as data normalization, format conversion and resampling, as well as the restoration of the electrical signal to obtain the acquired sound signal.
[0042] The sound detection device provided in this application, when detecting sound at a target location, places a resonant detector near the target location, turns on the laser emitting assembly, and splits the light signal emitted by the laser emitter into two beams of equal power by a first coupler. These beams are transmitted to a sound receiving unit and a sound reference unit, respectively. One beam passes through the sound receiving unit to detect sound. When the resonant detector is subjected to external sound, due to the photoelastic effect, the sound affects the light signal passing through the sound receiving unit, causing a phase change and thus affecting the intensity of the interference light, thereby forming an interference light signal. The other beam passes through the sound reference unit as an interference-free reference light signal. The two light signals are then coupled through a second coupler. The coupled light signals are then converted by photoelectric processing components. The noise reduction effect can be achieved by the differential circuit. The light signals are then analyzed to achieve speech content interpretation. Since this application collects sound through the resonant detector of the sound receiving unit, there is no need to specifically select the location, which provides a high degree of freedom. Furthermore, after the sound detection device provided by this application transmits the signal to the oscilloscope and computer equipment, the interference of the two beams can be demonstrated from both electrical and optical signal perspectives. The entire process of the two beam interference can be dynamically demonstrated, resulting in a more ideal observation effect.
[0043] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.
Claims
1. A sound detection device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a laser emitting component, a detection component, and a photoelectric processing component. One end of the detection component is connected to the laser emitting component via an optical fiber, and the other end is connected to the photoelectric processing component via an optical fiber. The detection component includes a sound receiving unit, a sound reference unit, a first coupler, and a second coupler. The first coupler is connected to the laser emitting component, and the second coupler is connected to the photoelectric processing component. The sound receiving unit and the sound reference unit are connected in parallel between the first coupler and the second coupler. The sound receiving unit includes an optical fiber detection branch and a resonance detector. The optical fiber detection branch is wound around the resonance detector. One end of the optical fiber detection branch is connected to the first coupler and the other end is connected to the second coupler.
2. The sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resonance detector is a cylinder, and the inside of the resonance detector is hollow.
3. The sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical fiber detection branches are evenly spaced around the resonant detector, and the number of turns of the optical fiber detection branches at both ends of the resonant detector is the same.
4. The sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound reference unit includes an optical fiber reference branch and a soundproof box. The optical fiber reference branch is disposed inside the soundproof box. One end of the optical fiber reference branch is connected to the first coupler and the other end is connected to the second coupler.
5. A sound detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soundproof box is sealed, and the soundproof box is filled with sound-absorbing material.
6. The sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric processing component includes a photoelectric receiver, and the photoelectric receiver is provided with an avalanche photodiode.
7. The sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes signal conversion devices and oscilloscopes for converting optical signals into visible electrical signals.
8. A sound detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first coupler and the second coupler are 50:50 single-mode fiber couplers.