An ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment equipment, specifically to an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device, applicable to the treatment of flue gas from ceramic kilns, flue gas from ceramic spray drying towers, and mixtures of spray drying tower flue gas and kiln flue gas. The device includes a tower body, which, from bottom to top, comprises a lower spray layer, a lower demister layer, a gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism, an upper spray layer, an upper demister layer, a turbulent dust collection layer, and an exhaust pipe. Since the flue gas to be treated has a high dust content, to improve dust removal and desulfurization efficiency, a water film spray dust removal and a gas-liquid separation and liquid collection device are added. The slurry after water film spraying removes dust and a small amount of gypsum from the flue gas. After passing through a sedimentation tank, the slurry yields clean water with no solids content, which is then recycled. After water film spray dust removal, the flue gas passes through a third-stage ridge demister to filter out free water and dust. Finally, it passes through a second-stage high-efficiency turbulent dust removal and demister layer, ultimately achieving ultra-low emissions of flue gas dust <10mg / Nm3.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of flue gas treatment equipment, specifically to an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device, which is suitable for the treatment of flue gas from ceramic kilns, flue gas from ceramic spray drying towers, and a mixture of spray drying tower flue gas and kiln flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] As the world's largest ceramics producer, with the highest annual output and export value, my country's ceramics industry has made significant contributions to the country's economic development. However, it has also brought about air pollution problems, with dust, SO2, and NOx as the main pollutants. In addition, it emits large amounts of heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and nickel, as well as pollutants such as fluorides and chlorides. 90% of SO2, 50% of NOx, and 80% of dust pollution in the atmosphere originate from ceramic kilns and other industrial kilns. Given the large volume and high concentration of air pollutants emitted by the ceramics industry, coupled with the low installation rate of pollution control facilities, the development of efficient and economical integrated treatment equipment for multiple pollutants, including particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, is crucial for pollution control in the ceramics industry.

[0003] The flue gas purification and treatment process is mainly divided into three stages: desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal. Each stage uses different processes and equipment to remove the corresponding single pollutant. The three are independent of each other and do not interfere with each other. The desulfurization tower is the main desulfurization equipment in this method.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document CN109925877A discloses a multi-pollutant synergistic treatment system for flue gas from ceramic kilns, including an absorption tower, an absorbent liquid silo, a denitrification reducing agent silo, and a chimney. The absorption tower is arranged sequentially from top to bottom as a turbulent packing layer, a desulfurization spray layer, a demister, and a denitrification packing layer. The absorption tower is connected to the absorbent silo and the denitrification reducing agent silo via conveying pipes. The outlet at the top of the absorption tower is connected to the inlet of an induced draft fan, and the outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the chimney. The turbulent packing layer increases gas velocity and mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. The turbulent gas collides violently with the absorbent in the absorption tower, thereby achieving desulfurization, defluorination, and dust removal effects. Placing the denitrification packing layer after the demister avoids water in the flue gas from poisoning and deactivating the denitrification catalyst. Furthermore, the absorption tower has a simple structure with no dead corners, resulting in a small footprint for the multi-pollutant synergistic treatment system.

[0005] For example, Chinese patent document CN118203940B discloses a ceramic waste gas desulfurization and dust removal device, belonging to the field of ceramic waste gas treatment technology. It includes a desulfurization tower, a wet electrostatic precipitator, and a PLC controller. The desulfurization tower and the wet electrostatic precipitator are connected via a flue gas conveying channel, and the lower end of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected to an inlet flue. This one-stop purification equipment has a small footprint and can effectively treat multiple pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in the flue gas in a single pass. The desulfurization technology is mature and can meet the treatment needs of flue gas of various capacities. The wet electrostatic precipitator has high efficiency and uses water spraying to clean the dust on the electrode surface, eliminating secondary dust generation.

[0006] Further research has revealed that emissions from ceramic kiln flue gas treatment can be further improved. Therefore, this application proposes an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A flue gas treatment device with ultra-low emissions is provided, comprising a vertically arranged tower body, with a ceramic kiln flue gas inlet pipe provided at the lower part of the tower body. The feature is that the tower body is provided with a lower spray layer, a lower demister layer, a gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism, an upper spray layer, an upper demister layer, a turbulent dust collection layer and a flue gas exhaust pipe in sequence from bottom to top.

[0010] The lower spray layer includes multiple spray pipes arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the tower. Each spray pipe extends into the tower and has two or more nozzles with downward-facing nozzles along its length.

[0011] The lower demister and the upper demister each include a frame fixed to the tower body and multiple baffles fixed to the frame;

[0012] The upper spray layer is used to spray a water film downwards;

[0013] The gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism is used to block and collect water from the upper spray layer and guide the flue gas to flow upward.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the lower spray layer includes a first spray layer and a second spray layer arranged longitudinally, each including multiple spray pipes, and the multiple spray pipes are arranged radially along the tower body; the spray pipes of the first spray layer and the spray pipes of the second spray layer are arranged longitudinally staggered.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment, the nozzles of each spray pipe include a first nozzle and a second nozzle that are tilted downward at a preset angle, with the first nozzle located in the middle of the spray pipe and the second nozzle located at the end of the spray pipe.

[0016] As a further preferred option, a circulation pump is installed on the outside of the tower body, and the bottom of the tower body serves as a circulation pool. The circulation pump is connected to the circulation pool and each spray pipe via pipelines.

[0017] As a further preferred option, the spray pipes are sealed and fixed to the side wall of the tower body, and a bend is provided on the outside of the tower body to connect multiple spray pipes. The bend is connected to the circulation pump, and the bend and the spray pipes are connected by a hose.

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment, the lower demisting layer includes a first demisting layer and a second demisting layer arranged longitudinally; the frame is in the shape of a continuously bent roof ridge, with multiple baffles arranged laterally on the frame.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment, the gas-liquid separation liquid accumulation mechanism includes a base plate fixed to the tower body and multiple flow guide hoods arranged on the top of the base plate. The bottom of the flow guide hoods is provided through the base plate, the top of the flow guide hoods is sealed, and the side walls of the flow guide hoods are provided with louvered windows.

[0020] As a further preferred option, the outer side of the tower is equipped with a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, and a clear water tank connected in sequence. The primary sedimentation tank is connected to the gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism via a pipeline, and the clear water tank is connected to the upper spray layer via a pump and a pipeline.

[0021] As a further preferred option, the upper spray layer includes an interconnected spray main pipe and multiple spray branch pipes arranged separately along the length of the spray main pipe. Each spray branch pipe has multiple downward-facing spray nozzles along its own length to spray a water film downwards.

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment, the turbulent dust collection layer includes a support plate fixed to the tower body and multiple turbulence generators arranged on the support plate. Each turbulence generator is connected to a dust collector at its top, and a water film spray layer is also provided above the turbulent dust collection layer.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] This utility model provides an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device, which, compared with the prior art, has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) The spray pipe of the lower spray layer is equipped with more than two nozzles. Compared with the existing long and short spray gun method, the structure is more optimized, which can reduce the number of pipes, facilitate installation, reduce spray blind spots, and improve the spraying effect.

[0026] (2) System upgrade inventions for multiple or single ceramic kiln flue gas. The dust content in the kiln flue gas is high. After the conventional desulfurization and dust removal system is demisted, the dust concentration at the outlet is about 30mg / Nm3. In order to further improve the dust removal and desulfurization efficiency, the kiln flue gas is sprayed by the lower spray layer and the lower demisting layer, and then sprayed by the upper spray layer to remove the dust and a small amount of gypsum carried in the flue gas. Then it passes through the roof-type demisting layer of the upper demisting layer to filter the water and dust carried in the flue gas. Finally, it passes through the turbulent dust collection layer for dust removal and demisting, and finally achieves ultra-low emission of flue gas dust <10mg / Nm3. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device in one of the embodiments.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first spray layer / second spray layer in the embodiment.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spray pipe and tower body in the embodiment.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle in the embodiment.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower / upper demisting layer in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle plate in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper spray layer in the embodiment.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation and liquid accumulation mechanism in the embodiment.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the turbulent dust collection layer in the embodiment.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the turbulence generator and dust collector in the embodiment.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] Tower body 1, ceramic kiln flue gas inlet pipe 11, circulation pool 12, flue gas exhaust pipe 13;

[0040] Lower spray layer 2, first spray layer 21, second spray layer 22, spray pipe 23, nozzle 24, spiral nozzle 25, connecting thread 26, bend 27, hose 28;

[0041] Lower demister layer 3, first demister layer 31, second demister layer 32, frame 33, baffle 34;

[0042] Gas-liquid separation and liquid accumulation mechanism 4, base plate 41, flow guide hood 42, louver window 43;

[0043] Upper spray layer 5, spray main pipe 51, spray branch pipe 52;

[0044] Upper demisting layer 6;

[0045] 7. Turbulent dust collection layer; 71. Support plate; 72. Turbulence generator; 73. Dust collector; 74. Water film spray layer;

[0046] Circulating pump 8;

[0047] Primary sedimentation tank 91, secondary sedimentation tank 92, clear water tank 93, pump body 94. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0049] This embodiment provides an ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the structure includes a vertically arranged tower body 1, with a ceramic kiln flue gas inlet pipe 11 installed at the bottom of the tower body 1. From bottom to top, the tower body 1 is provided with a lower spray layer 2, a lower demister layer 3, a gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism 4, an upper spray layer 5, an upper demister layer 6, a turbulent dust collection layer 7, and a flue gas exhaust pipe 13.

[0050] In this embodiment, combined with Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the lower spray layer 2 includes a first spray layer 21 and a second spray layer 22 arranged longitudinally. Each of these spray layers includes multiple spray pipes 23 arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the tower body 1. Each spray pipe 23 extends into the tower and has two nozzles 24 with downward-facing nozzles along its length. Each nozzle 24 includes a spiral nozzle head 25 and a connecting thread 26 for connecting to the spray pipe 23. The multiple spray pipes 23 are arranged radially along the tower body 1, with the spray pipes 23 of the first spray layer 21 and the second spray layer 22 arranged longitudinally staggered. The number of nozzles 24 corresponding to each spray pipe 23 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. Compared with existing long and short spray gun methods, this structure is more optimized, reducing the number of pipes, facilitating installation, reducing blind spots, and improving spraying effect.

[0051] Specifically, each spray pipe 23 has a nozzle 24 including a first nozzle and a second nozzle that are tilted downward at a preset angle. The first nozzle is located in the middle of the spray pipe 23, and the second nozzle is located at the end of the spray pipe 23.

[0052] Specifically, a circulation pump 8 is installed on the outside of the tower body 1, and the bottom of the tower body 1 serves as a circulation pool 12. The circulation pump 8 is connected to the circulation pool 12 and each spray pipe 23 via a pipeline. The spray pipes 23 are sealed and fixed to the side wall of the tower body 1. A bend 27 connecting multiple spray pipes 23 is installed on the outside of the tower body 1. The bend 27 is connected to the circulation pump 8, and the bend 27 and the spray pipes 23 are connected via a high-pressure rubber hose 28.

[0053] As an example, the first and second spray layers use a convenient insertion-type spray system, with 20 spray pipes 23 per layer, and each spray pipe 23 has a flow rate of 30m³ / h. 3 / h, each spray pipe 23 has two nozzles 24 arranged in a staggered manner. The first nozzle is 150-190mm away from the tower wall 1 and inclined downwards at 50°. The second nozzle is 1100-1300mm away from the tower wall. The first spray layer 21 and the second spray layer 22 are staggered by 18°. All spray pipe 23 interfaces are connected by flexible metal hoses 28. The longitudinal distance between the first spray layer 21 and the second spray layer 22 is 2000mm.

[0054] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the lower demister layer 3 includes a first demister layer 31 and a second demister layer 32 arranged upwards. The first demister layer 31, the second demister layer 32, and the upper demister each include: a frame 33 fixed to the tower body 1 and multiple baffles 34 fixed to the frame 33. The frame 33 is in the shape of a continuously bent roof ridge, and the multiple baffles 34 are arranged laterally on the frame 33. The baffles 34 have a C-shaped hook structure. The flue gas rises from bottom to top, and by adjusting the spacing of the baffles in the demister layer to achieve a reasonable wind speed, the water and gypsum in the flue gas agglomerate and adhere to the surface of the demister through collision between the baffles. The gypsum adhering to the surfaces of the first and second demister layers is washed to the circulation pool at the bottom by periodic water rinsing.

[0055] As an example of application, the baffles 34 of the first demister layer 31 are spaced 30mm apart, the baffles 34 of the second demister layer 32 are spaced 27mm apart, and the baffles 34 of the first demister layer 31 are spaced 25mm apart. Their function is to remove the free water and secondary gypsum slurry carried in the flue gas, with a designed flow rate of 3-5m / s.

[0056] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation and accumulation mechanism 4 is used to block and collect water from the upper spray layer 5 and guide the flue gas to flow upwards. The upper spray layer 5 includes an interconnected spray main pipe 51 and multiple spray branch pipes 52 arranged along the length of the spray main pipe 51. Each spray branch pipe 52 has multiple downward-facing spray nozzles along its length to spray a water film downwards. Conventional pipe network spraying is used, with 36 vortex spray guns per inner and outer ring of spraying, and a spray gun flow rate of 5 m³ / h. 3 / h, where the outermost ring uses 120° spiral nozzles, all of which spray downwards at 90° to improve dust removal efficiency and suppress secondary carryover of gypsum slurry.

[0057] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid separation and liquid accumulation mechanism 4 includes a base plate 41 fixed to the tower body 1 and a plurality of flow guide hoods 42 arranged on the top of the base plate 41. The bottom of the flow guide hood 42 is disposed through the base plate 41, and the side wall of the flow guide hood 42 is provided with louvered windows 43. In this way, the flue gas below can flow upward, while the top of the flow guide hood 42 is sealed to prevent the slurry after the flue gas from being sprayed by the upper spray layer 5 from entering the flow guide hood 42 and flowing downward, thereby realizing gas-liquid separation between the upper and lower layers.

[0058] Specifically, the outer side of the tower body 1 is equipped with a primary sedimentation tank 91, a secondary sedimentation tank 92, and a clear water tank 93 connected in sequence. The primary sedimentation tank 91 is connected to the gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism 4 via a pipeline. The clear water tank 93 is connected to the upper spray layer 5 via a pump body 94 and a pipeline. The clear water from the water film dust removal spray is collected separately, filtered through the secondary sedimentation process, and then recycled for further removal of dust from the desulfurization tower outlet.

[0059] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the turbulent dust collection layer 7 includes a support plate 71 fixed to the tower body 1 and multiple turbulence collectors 72 arranged on the support plate 71. Each turbulence collector 72 has a dust collector 73 connected to its top. A water film spray layer 74 is also provided above the turbulent dust collection layer 7. The use of 112 turbulence collectors 72 with spiral blades and dust collectors 73 is a specially designed structure to achieve ultra-low dust emissions of less than 10 mg / Nm3, in order to capture dust from flue gas and achieve ultra-low dust emissions.

[0060] The principle by which the turbulence generator can separate water and gypsum slurry is to design the flue gas flow rate. The turbulence generator has helical blades. By setting the air volume through the turbulence generator, the gypsum and flue gas water undergo centrifugal motion in the turbulence generator. Through the action of centrifugal force, the water and gypsum are thrown into the cylinder of the turbulence generator.

[0061] The principle of dust collector 73: The flue gas passes through the dust collector 73, which drives the small ball inside the dust collector 73 to rotate. The small ball comes into contact with the flue gas and collides with it. The dust in the flue gas is adsorbed on the surface of the ball and then washed clean by the water film.

[0062] The ultra-low emission device in this embodiment is also a desulfurization system. It is an invention for upgrading the flue gas from multiple or single ceramic kilns. The kiln dust content is high, with the outlet dust concentration in conventional desulfurization and dust removal systems around 30 mg / Nm3. To further improve the dust removal and desulfurization efficiency, a water film spray dust removal (upper spray layer 5) and a gas-liquid separation and slurry collection device are added. The slurry after water film spraying removes dust and a small amount of gypsum from the flue gas. After sedimentation and separation in two-stage sedimentation tanks, the slurry yields clear water without solids, which is then used for water film spraying. After water film spraying dust reduction, the flue gas passes through a third-stage ridge demister to filter out the free water and dust carried in it. Finally, it passes through a two-stage high-efficiency turbulent dust removal and demister layer, ultimately achieving ultra-low emissions of flue gas dust <10 mg / Nm3.

[0063] In the description of this utility model, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0064] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. An ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device, comprising a vertically arranged tower body (1), wherein a ceramic kiln flue gas inlet pipe (11) is provided at the lower part of the tower body (1), characterized in that: The tower body (1) is provided with a lower spray layer (2), a lower demisting layer (3), a gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism (4), an upper spray layer (5), an upper demisting layer (6), a turbulent dust collection layer (7), and a smoke exhaust pipe (13) from bottom to top; The lower spray layer (2) includes multiple spray pipes (23) arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the tower body (1). Each spray pipe (23) extends into the tower and has two or more nozzles (24) with the nozzles facing downwards along its length. The lower demister and the upper demister respectively include a frame (33) fixed to the tower body (1) and multiple baffles (34) fixed to the frame (33); The upper spray layer (5) is used to spray water film downwards; the gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism (4) is used to block and collect water from the upper spray layer (5) and guide flue gas to flow upwards.

2. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower spray layer (2) includes a first spray layer (21) and a second spray layer (22) arranged longitudinally, each including multiple spray pipes (23), and the multiple spray pipes (23) are arranged radially along the tower body (1); the spray pipes (23) of the first spray layer (21) and the spray pipes (23) of the second spray layer (22) are arranged longitudinally staggered.

3. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each spray pipe (23) has a nozzle (24) including a first nozzle and a second nozzle that are tilted downward at a preset angle. The first nozzle is located in the middle of the spray pipe (23), and the second nozzle is located at the end of the spray pipe (23).

4. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circulation pump (8) is installed on the outside of the tower body (1), and the bottom of the tower body (1) serves as a circulation pool (12). The circulation pump (8) is connected to the circulation pool (12) and each spray pipe (23) via a pipeline.

5. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spray pipe (23) is sealed and fixed to the side wall of the tower body (1). A bend (27) connecting multiple spray pipes (23) is provided on the outside of the tower body (1). The bend (27) is connected to the circulating pump (8). The bend (27) and the spray pipe (23) are connected by a hose (28).

6. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower demisting layer (3) includes a first demisting layer (31) and a second demisting layer (32) arranged longitudinally; the frame (33) is in the shape of a continuously bent roof ridge, and multiple baffles (34) are arranged laterally on the frame (33).

7. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: gas-liquid... The liquid separation mechanism (4) includes a base plate (41) fixed to the tower body (1) and a plurality of flow guides (42) arranged on the top of the base plate (41). The bottom of the flow guide (42) is provided through the base plate (41), the top of the flow guide (42) is sealed, and the side wall of the flow guide (42) is provided with louvered windows (43).

8. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the tower body (1) is provided with a first-stage sedimentation tank (91), a second-stage sedimentation tank (92) and a clear water tank (93) connected in sequence. The first-stage sedimentation tank (91) is connected to the gas-liquid separation and liquid collection mechanism (4) via a pipeline. The clear water tank (93) is connected to the upper spray layer (5) via a pump body (94) and a pipeline.

9. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper spray layer (5) includes a main spray pipe (51) that is interconnected and multiple spray branch pipes (52) that are arranged separately along the length of the main spray pipe (51). The spray branch pipes (52) have multiple downward spray nozzles along their own length to spray water film downward.

10. The ultra-low emission flue gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbulent dust collection layer (7) includes a support plate (71) fixed to the tower body (1) and multiple turbulence generators (72) arranged on the support plate (71). Each turbulence generator (72) is connected to a dust collector (73) at the top. A water film spray layer (74) is also provided above the turbulent dust collection layer (7).

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